阅读说明：本技术 分光光度计 (Spectrophotometer ) 是由 K·N·克拉瓦斯基 A·A·菲多特卡 T·C·里索斯基 于 2020-01-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及光学仪器领域,并且旨在用于工业实验室的分析和各种材料光谱特性的分析研究中的科学研究目的。技术结果是提高了角度相关性测量和复杂棱镜测量的质量和准确性。一种分光光度计,包括外壳(1)、测量隔室(2)和单色辐射源(3),其中安装有：辐射源(4)；单色器(5)；偏振器组件(6))；反射镜元件(7)；具有光电探测器(12)与透镜(13)的组件(8)的测量通道；具有光电探测器(14)与透镜(15)的组件(9)的参考通道；具有空心旋转轴(16)和样本(11)的旋转物体台(10)；和用于利用垂直旋转轴(17)移动光电探测器(12)的测量通道的组件(8)的装置。在进行测量时,分光光度计的旋转物体台(10)能够提供样本(11)的三次曝光。(The present invention relates to the field of optical instruments and is intended for scientific research purposes in the analysis of industrial laboratories and in the analytical study of the spectral properties of various materials. The technical result is improved quality and accuracy of angle correlation measurements and complex prism measurements. A spectrophotometer comprising a housing (1), a measurement compartment (2) and a monochromatic radiation source (3), in which are mounted: a radiation source (4); a monochromator (5); a polarizer assembly (6)); a mirror element (7); a measurement channel with an assembly (8) of a photodetector (12) and a lens (13); a reference channel having an assembly (9) of a photodetector (14) and a lens (15); a rotating object table (10) having a hollow rotation axis (16) and a specimen (11); and means for moving the assembly (8) of measurement channels of the photodetectors (12) with a vertical axis of rotation (17). The rotating object table (10) of the spectrophotometer is capable of providing three exposures of the sample (11) while the measurement is being made.)

1. A spectrophotometer comprising a housing (1), a measurement compartment (2) and a monochromatic radiation source (3) being located in the housing (1), the spectrophotometer comprising: a radiation source (4); a monochromator (5); a polarizer assembly (6); a mirror element (7) which divides the light beam emerging from the monochromator (5) into a measurement channel with a variation component (8) for the photodetector (12), a reference channel (9) with a variation component for the photodetector (14) and the lens (15)); a rotating object table (10) with a sample (11) for measurement, according to the invention, which is made to provide the possibility of three exposures of the sample (11) during the measurement, in which case the rotating object table (10) is designed to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise around its own axis of rotation (16) up to the moment when the end face of the sample (11) intersects the beam of light coming out of the monochromator (5), while the measurement channel assembly (8) is configured to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise around the axis of rotation (16) of the rotating object table (10) up to the moment when it intersects the beam of light coming out of the monochromator (5), and at the same time the assembly (8) of the measurement channel of the photodetector (12) rotates clockwise or counterclockwise independently around a vertical axis of rotation (17) up to the moment when it intersects the beam of light coming into the lens (13) of the photodetector (12) of the measurement channel (8), ensuring that the light beam is received into the lens (13) of the photodetector (12) and either passed through the sample (11) being measured or reflected from the sample (11) being measured, exactly along the normal, regardless of the displacement of the light beam.

2. Spectrophotometer according to claim 1, characterized in that said assembly (8) of said photodetectors of said measurement channel is made of one or more photodetectors (12).

3. Spectrophotometer (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said assembly (9) of said photodetectors of said reference channel is made of one or more photodetectors (14).

Spectrophotometer (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of rotation (16) of the rotating object table (10) is hollow, which may be cabled through a cavity to provide remote control of the rotation of the rotating object table (10) and the movement of the sample (11) relative to the light beam leaving the monochromator (5) without opening the measurement compartment (2).

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of optical instruments and is intended for scientific research purposes in analysis in industrial laboratories and in analytical research of spectral characteristics of various materials.

Background

From the prior art, it is known that spectrophotometers of various types are structurally composed of opto-mechanical and electronic components mounted in a single housing, and that their general operating principle is based on measuring the ratio of the intensity of radiation that passes through the object under investigation to the intensity of radiation that does not pass through the object. Usually, the device is also equipped with accessories [1,2,3 ].

Cary 7000 Spectrophotometer [1] was equipped with an additional two-level detector capable of moving around the sample and placed in the center of the attachment on a 360-degree rotary stage. The accessory may also provide reflectance measurements and may be used as a fiber optic probe or for other purposes.

The Agilent Cary 60 spectrophotometer [2] was equipped with a Czerny-Turner type monochromator and had an operating wavelength range of 190 and 1100nm, a fixed wavelength band of 1.5 nm. The design of Cary 60 uses a pair of Si diode detectors and quartz coated optics that provides a spectral scan speed of up to 24,000nm/min, a data sampling rate of up to 80 times per second, which allows wavelength tuning when the measurement is paused and which is not sensitive to ambient light. Agilent Cary 60 uses Windows PC for centralized control.

From the well-known UVI range single beam spectrophotometer SF-56[3], automatic single and multiple measurements of the spectral transmittance of liquid and solid transparencies of one or more samples can be made at operator specified wavelengths with specified time intervals between measurement cycles, overview scans and output of specified portions of the spectrum on a video monitor for qualitative analysis, kinetic measurements and mathematical manipulation of the measurements including calculation of optical density and concentration, and calculation of color characteristics of the subject under study. The spectrophotometer is controlled and the measurements are processed using a dedicated controller with a functional keyboard, display and printer, or using an external IBM compatible computer.

A disadvantage of the known similar solutions is the limited ability to move the sample on the object table during the measurement, which therefore reduces the functionality of the device and excludes the possibility of measuring the transmission or reflection of the sample radiation without using special accessories.

There is a known spectrophotometer [4] with movable optical elements. The spectrophotometer includes a filter for removing high-order light as such an element and in such a manner that it is driven by a driving mechanism for rotating the diffraction grating without a special drive. The control circuitry of the filter or other device, which serves as a mechanism for removable insertion into the optical path, is implemented using dedicated software. The mechanism has an actuation lever integrated with and rotated by the spectrometer diffraction grating. The follower arm is used to support the optical element and is positioned to separate the optical paths. The driving rod is positioned in a position contacting with the driving arm within a pivoting angle range outside the wavelength pivoting range, and scans the diffraction grating. The drive lever is configured to be driven by contact with the drive arm and to be displaced to move the optical element between a position on the optical path and a position outside the optical path.

A disadvantage of similar solutions is the limited freedom of movement of the sample provided by the control circuitry of the filter and other devices used as mechanisms for removable inserts in the optical path.

The spectrophotometer with two beam separation [5] adopted as the prototype is closest to the current invention. The beam splitting apparatus of a spectrophotometer comprises a housing with a measuring compartment in which an optical system with a reflecting member, a motor, a rotary shaft which is made to be additionally rotatable with respect to the center of the rotary shaft are installed. The optical system comprises a radiation source, a monochromator, a mirror element for splitting a light beam emitted by the monochromator into a measurement channel with a photodetector assembly and a reference channel with a photodetector assembly, and a set of means placed on a rotating object table for moving the sample during measurement. In this case, the rotary object table is provided with three structures; the first structure is a light-transmitting part intended for the direct passage of a light beam, the second structure is a reflecting part reflecting the light beam, and the third structure is designed as a dark part blocking the light beam and absorbing it. The light-transmitting portion, the reflecting portion, and the dark portion are distributed around the circumference in a predetermined order. The rotating disk also contains a rotating element that rotates about the center of the axis of rotation. The rotating element is provided with measuring through holes or recesses for the period of rotation. The rotation period is determined by the plurality of through holes or recesses and the plurality of rotation periods. The through-hole openings or recesses are evenly distributed along the edge of the rotating part and additionally contain opto-electronic switches which are equipped with slots made into the edge of the rotating part and correspondingly receive the light-sensitive receiving and light-emitting sources on both sides of the rotating part. The light-sensitive receiving part and the light emitting part of the light source are respectively oppositely positioned on two sides of the groove wall and are configured to determine the rotation period of the through hole or the recess. The motor is connected to a rotating shaft, and the rotating member and the rotating wheel are rotatable and provide synchronous rotation at a given speed through the rotating shaft. The reflecting member includes a first reflecting mirror, a second reflecting mirror, and a third reflecting mirror, which are respectively located on the front side and the rear side of the rotating object table. The first mirror and the third mirror are located on the same side of the rotating object table, the first mirror is for reflecting the light beam to the rotating object table, and the light beam reflected from the first mirror forms a reference beam having a predetermined sequence by transmitting a part of the light beam onto the second mirror. The light beam reflected by the first mirror forms a sampling beam having a predetermined sequence by the reflection part and the third mirror. And the light beam reflected by the first mirror is absorbed by the dark components and forms an occlusion beam (occlusal beam) having a predetermined sequence. The first structure of the rotating object table is a light-transmissive member through which the light beam directly passes. The second structure is a component that reflects the light beam. While the third structure is designed to block the light beam and absorb part of its rhythm (tempo part). The light-transmitting members, the reflecting members and the dark members are distributed in a predetermined order on one circle on the rotating object table, and the light-transmitting members, the reflecting members and the dark members are arranged in pairs and symmetrically.

A disadvantage of prototypes is that the ability to measure the sample under investigation is limited due to the movement of the rotating object table in one plane, which reduces the accuracy of the measurement behaviour.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is to improve the performance and measurement accuracy of the sample under investigation.

The technical effect of the invention is to improve the quality and accuracy of angle-dependent measurements and measurements of complex prisms, regardless of the thickness of the components or the geometric complexity of the prism.

The technical effect is achieved by the fact that: in a spectrophotometer comprising a housing in which a measurement compartment and a monochromatic radiation source are located, the spectrophotometer comprising: a radiation source; a monochromator; a polarizer assembly; a mirror element that splits the light beam exiting the monochromator into a measurement channel with varying components for the photodetector, a reference channel with varying components for the photodetector and the lens; a rotating object table having a sample for measurement; according to the invention, the rotating object table is made to provide the possibility of three exposures of the sample during the measurement, in which case the rotating object table is designed to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise around its own axis of rotation until the moment when the end face of the sample intersects the light beam coming out of the monochromator, while the measurement channel assembly is configured to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise around the axis of rotation of the rotating object table until the moment when it intersects the light beam coming out of the monochromator, and at the same time the measurement channel assembly of the photodetector independently rotates clockwise or counterclockwise around its axis of rotation until the moment when it intersects the light beam coming into the lens of the photodetector of the measurement channel, ensuring that the light beam is received into the lens of the photodetector and the light beam passing through the sample under measurement or the light beam reflected from the sample under measurement exactly follows the normal, regardless of beam displacement.

The assembly of photodetectors of the measurement channel is made of one or more photodetectors.

The assembly of photodetectors of the reference channel is made of one or more photodetectors.

The axis of rotation of the rotating object table is central and a power line can be laid through the hollow to remotely control the rotation of the rotating object table and the movement of the sample relative to the beam coming out of the monochromator without opening the measurement compartment.

Drawings

The essence of the invention is illustrated in the drawings of fig. 1-3.

Fig. 1 shows the basic optical diagram of a spectrophotometer.

Fig. 2 shows the components of the photodetector of the measurement channel.

Figure 3 shows the components of the photodetector of the reference channel.

Detailed Description

The spectrophotometer comprises a housing (1), a measurement compartment (2) and a monochromatic radiation source (3), wherein the radiation source (4), a monochromator (5), a polarizer assembly (6), a mirror element (7), a measurement channel with an assembly (8) of a photodetector (12) and a lens (13), a reference channel with an assembly (9) of a photodetector (14) and a lens (15); a rotating object table (10) having a hollow rotation axis (16) and a specimen (11); means are installed for moving the assembly (8) of the measurement channel of the photodetector (12) by rotating the vertical shaft (17).

The spectrophotometer operates in the following manner. The device is opened and made ready as described. For the measurement, the sample 11 is placed beforehand on a rotating object table 10 in the measurement compartment 3 in the housing 1. The sample 11 is fixed and the measurement compartment 2 is closed. During the measurement three exposures of the sample 11 are provided. To this end, the rotating object table 10 with the sample 11 is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise about the axis 16 until the end face of the sample 11 intersects the light beam coming out of the light source 4 and then passes through the polarizer 6 and leaves the monochromator 5, while a part of the light flux is directed by the mirror element 7 into the lens 15 to the photodetector 14 of the assembly 9 of the reference channel and another part of the light flux is directed to the sample 11 and, after transmission or reflection of the light beam, it enters the photodetector 12 of the assembly 8 through the lens 13 in the measurement channel. At the same time, the assembly 8 with the photodetector 12 is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise about the vertical rotation axis 17 until it intersects the light beam entering the lens 13 on the photodetector 12, and the assembly 8 with the photodetector 12 is independently rotated about the rotation axis 16 of the rotating object table 10, the light beam is received into the lens 13 of the photodetector 12, and the light beam passing through or reflected from the sample 11 under test is accurately along the normal line, regardless of no displacement of the light beam.

The rotating object table 10 is mounted on a rotating shaft 16, the rotating shaft 16 being hollow (not shown in the figures) so that the rotating object table 10 with the sample 11 can be remotely controlled without opening the measuring compartment 2 by laying a cable (not shown in the figures) through the cavity of the shaft 16 and with respect to the light beam coming out of the monochromator 5. In addition, the spectrophotometer is equipped with a set of rotating object tables 10, which can be varied and provided with motorized drives (not shown). The rotating object table 10 has a mating electrical connector (not shown) that fits into a mating portion of the assembly for its mounting (e.g., in the form of a dovetail). When the motorized rotating object table 10 is mounted by means of an electrical connector, power can be supplied to the circuitry of the control board with the controller and the computer remote control of the rotating object table 10 without opening the measuring compartment 2.

Within the housing (not shown in the figures) of the assembly 8 with the photodetector 12 of the measurement channel and the assembly 9 with the photodetector 14 of the reference channel, there are mounted, respectively, a plurality of sets of photodetectors 12 and 14 (from 1 to 4 in various combinations, for example, permt, Si, InGaAs, PbS, PbSe, m c, etc., with and without cooling) and a mechanism (not shown in the figures) for automatically positioning the photodetectors 12 and 14 on the beam axis, which is used according to the spectral range of the measurement desired.

The implementation of three exposures of the sample 11 during the measurement ensures the achievement of the claimed technical effect thanks to the combination of the respective rotation of the assembly 8 with the photodetectors 12 and the rotation of the rotating object table 10, and therefore improves the angular dependence and the quality and accuracy of the polarization measurements of transmission and reflection, as well as the measurement of complex prisms, regardless of the thickness of the sample or the geometrical complexity of the prisms.

Reference documents:

1. novel universal spectrophotometer Cary 7000. ALSI-CHROM LLC, http:// www.alsichrom.com,

2. spectrophotometer Agilent Cary 60. North House Business Center, Millab, www.millab.ru, 2018.

UVI spectrophotometer SF-56. OKB SPEKTR LLC, http:// ok.b-separator. ru/products/sf/sf56/, 2018.

4.JP No.2010160025(А),22.07.2010。

CN No.107796514(a), 11/24/2017 (prototype).