Safe cross matching card and cross matching method
阅读说明：本技术 一种安全交叉配血卡及交叉配血方法 (Safe cross matching card and cross matching method ) 是由 肖亚雄 石海燕 张容 郭世山 何林波 龙琴 于 2019-12-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：提供一种安全交叉配血卡及配血方法。配血卡包括依次排列的受血者血浆容置孔、受血者红细胞稀释液容置孔、献血者血浆容置孔、献血者红细胞稀释液容置孔、主侧交叉反应孔及其次侧交叉反应孔。反应孔下设置有孔号标识,并设置受血者及献血者的信息标识区。配血方法为将受血者和献血者血浆分别放在对应的血浆容置孔内,将受血者和献血者积压红细胞分别放在对应的容置孔内配制红细胞悬液,从受血者血浆容置孔及献血者红细胞稀释液容置孔内取样加入主侧交叉反应孔,从献血者血浆容置孔及受血者红细胞稀释液容置孔内取样加入次侧交叉反应孔,完成交叉配血。避免了稀释液的污染与资源的浪费,一人一卡避免交叉污染,为临床输血安全保驾护航。(Provides a safe cross matching card and a matching method. The blood matching card comprises a blood plasma containing hole of a blood recipient, a red blood cell diluent containing hole of the blood recipient, a blood plasma containing hole of a blood donor, a red blood cell diluent containing hole of the blood donor, a primary side cross reaction hole and a secondary side cross reaction hole which are arranged in sequence. The hole number mark is arranged under the reaction hole, and the information mark areas of the blood receiver and the blood donor are arranged. The blood matching method includes that blood plasma of a blood recipient and blood donor is placed in corresponding blood plasma containing holes respectively, packed red blood cells of the blood recipient and the blood donor are placed in corresponding containing holes respectively to prepare red blood cell suspension, primary side cross reaction holes are sampled from the blood plasma containing holes of the blood recipient and the red blood cell diluent containing holes of the blood donor and added into the primary side cross reaction holes, secondary side cross reaction holes are sampled from the blood plasma containing holes of the blood donor and the red blood cell diluent containing holes of the blood recipient and added into the secondary side cross reaction holes, and cross blood matching is completed. The pollution of diluent and the waste of resources are avoided, cross contamination is avoided by one person and one card, and the blood transfusion safety driving protection navigation is realized for clinical blood transfusion.)
1. The utility model provides a safe cross blood matching card, includes the card body (1), card body (1) upper portion is provided with reaction hole region (10), and card body (1) lower part sets up identification area (20), its characterized in that: six reaction holes are sequentially arranged in the reaction hole area (10) at intervals;
the reaction holes comprise two plasma containing holes which are respectively a blood plasma containing hole (11) of a blood receiver and a blood plasma containing hole (13) of a blood donor and are respectively used for storing the blood plasma of the blood receiver and the blood donor;
the blood donor red blood cell diluent containing hole is characterized by also comprising two red blood cell diluent containing holes in which red blood cell diluent is preset, namely a recipient red blood cell diluent containing hole (12) and a donor red blood cell diluent containing hole (14);
also comprises two gel-containing wells containing anti-human globulin gel pre-placed therein, a primary side cross-reaction well (15) and a secondary side cross-reaction well (16), respectively.
2. A secure cross-matching card as recited in claim 1, wherein: the volumes of the blood plasma containing hole (11) of the blood recipient and the blood plasma containing hole (13) of the blood donor are (100-.
3. A secure cross-matching card as recited in claim 1, wherein: the blood plasma containing hole (11) of the blood recipient, the red blood cell diluent containing hole (12) of the blood recipient, the blood plasma containing hole (13) of the blood donor, the red blood cell diluent containing hole (14) of the blood donor, the primary side cross reaction hole (15) and the secondary side cross reaction hole (16) are arranged in sequence;
the blood plasma cross matching device is respectively used for placing blood plasma of a blood recipient, adding packed red blood cells of the blood recipient to prepare red blood cell suspension with the concentration of (0.5-1)% to prepare blood plasma of a blood donor, placing blood plasma of a blood donor, adding packed red blood cells of the blood donor to prepare red blood cell suspension with the concentration of (0.5-1)% to prepare blood plasma of the blood donor, taking blood plasma of the blood recipient from a blood plasma containing hole (11) of the blood recipient and taking red blood cell suspension of the blood donor from a red blood cell diluent containing hole (14) of the blood donor to carry out cross matching, taking blood plasma of the blood donor from a blood plasma containing hole (13) of the blood donor and taking red blood cell suspension of the blood recipient from a red blood cell diluent containing hole (12) of the blood recipient to carry out cross matching.
4. A secure cross-matching card as recited in claim 3, wherein: the identification area (20) is used for distinguishing and identifying each reaction hole and is provided with an information identification area of a blood receiver and a blood donor.
5. A secure cross-matching card as recited in claim 4, wherein: a hole number mark is respectively arranged under each reaction hole, an information mark area (21) of a blood receiver is arranged under a blood plasma containing hole (11) of the blood receiver and a red blood cell diluent containing hole (12) of the blood receiver, an information mark area (22) of a blood donor is arranged under a blood plasma containing hole (13) of the blood donor and a red blood cell diluent containing hole (14) of the blood donor, and an anti-confusion information mark area (23) is arranged under a primary side cross reaction hole (15) and a secondary side cross reaction hole (16).
6. A secure cross-matching card as recited in claim 4, wherein: a mark 1 is marked under a blood plasma containing hole 11 of a blood recipient, a mark 2 is marked under a red blood cell diluent containing hole 12 of the blood recipient, and a blank area is arranged on an information mark area 21 of the blood recipient for filling personal information of the blood recipient by a user when the blood recipient is used;
a mark 3 is arranged below the blood plasma containing hole 13 of the blood donor, a mark 4 is arranged below the red blood cell diluent containing hole 14 of the blood donor, and the information identification area 22 of the blood donor is provided with a blank area for filling personal information of the blood donor by a user when in use;
a mark 5 is made under the main side cross reaction hole (15), and a mark 6 is made under the secondary side cross reaction hole (16);
a1 +4 confusion prevention mark is arranged under the main side cross reaction hole (15), and a 2+3 confusion prevention mark is arranged under the secondary side cross reaction hole (16) to form a confusion prevention information mark area (23).
7. A secure cross-matching card as recited in claim 1, wherein: the reaction hole is sealed and stored by aluminum foil thermal plastic package or plastic cover.
8. A secure cross-matching card as recited in claim 1, wherein: the primary side cross reaction hole (15) and the secondary side cross reaction hole (16) are micro-column gel tubes containing anti-human globulin components.
9. A cross-matching method, characterized by: cross matching using the safety cross matching card of any one of claims 1 to 8 by,
placing the blood plasma of a blood recipient in the blood plasma containing hole (11), adding packed red blood cells of the blood recipient into the red blood cell diluent containing hole (12), and uniformly mixing by using a sample adding device to obtain red blood cell suspension with the final concentration (0.5-1)%;
blood plasma of a blood donor is placed in a blood plasma containing hole (13) of the blood donor, packed red blood cells of a blood recipient are added in a red blood cell diluent containing hole (14) of the blood donor, and a sample injector is used for mixing uniformly to obtain red blood cell suspension with final concentration (0.5-1)%;
blood-matching primary-side cross reaction holes (15) are respectively sampled and added into the blood-donor plasma containing holes (11) and the blood-donor red blood cell diluent containing holes (14), and blood-matching secondary-side cross reaction holes (16) are respectively sampled and added from the blood-donor plasma containing holes (13) and the blood-donor red blood cell diluent containing holes (12), so that the test at the cross-matching sample-adding stage is completed.
10. A cross-matching method as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the method comprises placing at least 50 μ L of blood plasma of blood recipient in blood plasma containing hole (11), adding 5-10 μ L of packed red blood cells of blood recipient into red blood cell diluent containing hole (12), and mixing with sample injector to obtain red blood cell suspension with final concentration of 0.5-1%;
not less than 50 mu L of blood donor plasma is placed in the blood donor plasma containing hole (13), 5-10 mu L of packed red blood cells of a blood recipient are added into the blood donor red blood cell diluent containing hole (14), and a sample adding device is used for mixing uniformly to obtain red blood cell suspension with final concentration (0.5-1)%;
50 mu L of the diluted blood cell solution is respectively taken from the blood plasma containing hole (11) of the blood donor and the red blood cell solution containing hole (14) of the blood donor and added into the cross reaction hole (15) on the blood matching main side, and 50 mu L of the diluted blood cell solution is respectively taken from the blood plasma containing hole (13) of the blood donor and the red blood cell solution containing hole (12) of the blood donor and added into the cross reaction hole (16) on the blood matching sub side, thereby completing the test at the cross blood matching sample adding stage.
Technical Field
The invention relates to an experimental device and a blood matching method required by cross blood matching of a clinical laboratory, a transfusion department, a central blood station and related scientific research institutions, in particular to a safe cross blood matching card and a cross blood matching method, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments.
Background
The cross matching experiment before blood transfusion is an important guarantee for the safety of blood transfusion. Clinical practice proves that the microcolumn gel method is a currently recognized safe and effective cross matching method. At present, there are two kinds of micro-column gel blood matching cards imported domestically, namely Diana (Diana) in the United states and Daima (DiaMed) in Switzerland, and dozens of people including Changchun Boxun and Jiangyinbo, etc. are imported domestically.
The operation method, appearance and reaction principle of the blood matching cards are very similar. When manual operation is carried out, another test tube is manually taken to prepare erythrocyte suspension, blood serum or erythrocytes of a blood recipient and a blood donor are manually and crossly mixed in the primary side reaction hole and the secondary side reaction hole, and the test result is observed by centrifugation after incubation. The reaction cards have basically the same size and volume, and 6 holes of each card can be used for carrying out 3-time cross matching experiments, and the reaction principles are all antigen-antibody reactions in microcolumn gel with anti-human globulin participation.
Referring to fig. 1, the specific operation is as follows:
first, prepare the reagent card
1. Equilibrating at 18-25 deg.C for 30min to reach the optimum test temperature. 2. Placing the reagent card into a special centrifuge for centrifugation for 5min, and balancing the reaction medium. 3. The appearance of the reagent card is checked, no bubbles, dry glue and impurities exist, and the reagent card cannot be used if the impurities exist. 4. The film was torn slowly. Prevent the liquid drop on the membrane surface from condensing (generated by alternating cold and hot) to pollute the adjacent holes.
Second, preparation of detection reagent and specimen
1. The specimen requires fresh blood collected using EDTA anticoagulant tubes (as old blood requires negative controls). 2. The anticoagulated blood sample is clarified by supernatant. If the sample is ciliated, turbid, chyle, hemolyzed, fat, etc., it should be washed and centrifuged again. To prevent fibrin from affecting erythrocyte sedimentation, it is recommended to use a dilution of the erythrocytes. 3. The blood braid must be placed in a test tube for centrifugation to ensure that the serum is clear and yellowish. Washing is required if there is hemolysis. 4. The specimen is kept at 18-25 deg.C for 30min to prevent cold coagulation.
Thirdly, preparing a red blood cell suspension:
1. after centrifuging the blood-recipients and blood-donors for 10min at the surface white of 3000 rpm, the red blood cells and blood plasma of the blood-recipients and blood-donors are separated and placed in 4 test tubes. The 4 test tubes are used for placing blood plasma of a blood recipient, 0.8% of red blood cells of the blood recipient, 0.8% of red blood cells of a blood donor and blood plasma of the blood donor respectively. The preparation method of the 0.8% erythrocyte suspension comprises the following steps: and taking 8 microliters of packed red blood cells, adding the packed red blood cells into the diluent containing 1 milliliter of red blood cells, and uniformly mixing to obtain the packed red blood cells. The red cell suspension should be uniform reddish in appearance, free of flocs and clumps.
Fourth, sample application
1. 50 μ L of donor 0.8% erythrocyte suspension was added to the main side tube followed by 50 μ L of recipient plasma. 2. 50 μ L of recipient 0.8% erythrocyte suspension was added to the secondary side tube followed by 50 μ L of donor plasma. The reagent card after sample application is placed in an incubator at 37 ℃ for incubation for 15 min.
Fifth, centrifugal observation results
The product was centrifuged for 5min (900rpm 2min, 1500rpm 3min) using a special centrifuge and visually observed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a safe blood matching card and a cross blood matching method, which can solve the technical problems.
In order to achieve the above technical object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
The invention provides a safe cross matching card, which comprises a card body and a reaction hole area arranged on the upper part of the card body, wherein six reaction holes are sequentially arranged at intervals in the reaction hole area.
The reaction holes comprise two plasma containing holes which are respectively a blood plasma containing hole of a blood receiver and a blood plasma containing hole of a blood donor and are respectively used for storing the blood plasma of the blood receiver and the blood plasma of the blood donor;
the blood donor red blood cell diluent containing hole is internally provided with two red blood cell diluent containing holes for a blood donor red blood cell diluent and a blood donor red blood cell diluent respectively.
Also comprises two gel anti-human globulin gel containing holes which are internally preset and contain anti-human globulin and are respectively a main side cross reaction hole and a secondary side cross reaction hole.
As a preferred scheme, the volumes of the blood plasma containing hole of the blood recipient and the blood plasma containing hole of the blood donor are (100- & ltSUB- & gt 170) & lt/SUB & gt muL, and more preferably 170 muL; the volumes of the recipient red blood cell diluent-containing well and the donor red blood cell diluent-containing well are both (500-.
Further, the erythrocyte diluent may be physiological saline or PBS isotonic buffer, and the anti-human globulin gel is a prior art anti-human globulin gel, which can be known by those skilled in the art.
Furthermore, the main side cross reaction hole and the secondary side cross reaction hole of the safe cross matching card are micro-column gel tubes containing anti-human globulin components.
Furthermore, the safe cross matching card of the invention has the blood plasma containing hole of the blood recipient, the red blood cell diluent containing hole of the blood recipient, the blood plasma containing hole of the blood donor, the red blood cell diluent containing hole of the blood donor, the primary side cross reaction hole and the secondary side cross reaction hole which are arranged at intervals in sequence. It is used for placing blood plasma of a blood recipient, adding packed red blood cells of the blood recipient to prepare red blood cell suspension with concentration of (0.5-1%), placing blood plasma of a blood donor, adding packed red blood cells of the blood donor to prepare red blood cell suspension with concentration of (0.5-1%), taking blood plasma of the blood recipient from a blood plasma containing hole of the blood recipient and red blood cell suspension of the blood donor from a red blood cell diluent containing hole of the blood donor for matching blood, taking blood plasma of the blood donor from a blood plasma containing hole of the blood donor and red blood cell suspension of the blood recipient from a red blood cell diluent containing hole of the blood recipient for matching blood.
Furthermore, the reaction hole is sealed and stored by aluminum foil thermal plastic packaging before use, or a plastic cover matched with the reaction hole is added on the orifice of the reaction hole, so that the blood matching card can be prevented from being polluted, and the stable performance is kept.
Furthermore, the lower part of the card body is provided with an identification area for distinguishing and identifying each reaction hole, and an information identification area and an anti-confusion area of a blood receiver and a blood donor are arranged.
More specifically, a hole number mark is respectively arranged below each reaction hole, furthermore, an information mark area of a blood recipient is arranged below the blood plasma containing hole of the blood recipient and the erythrocyte diluent containing hole of the blood recipient, an information mark area of a blood donor is arranged below the blood plasma containing hole of the blood donor and the erythrocyte diluent containing hole of the blood donor, and an anti-confusion information mark area is arranged below the primary side cross reaction hole and the secondary side cross reaction hole.
As an optional scheme, a
The above setting manner of the marks is a scheme that can be implemented, and the setting of the marks is not limited to the above scheme as long as the reaction holes can be clearly marked. The recipient information identification area and the donor information identification area may also be provided with prompt information such as "patient name". Of course, the patient department, the hospital number, and other specific information may be further labeled.
Preferably, the information identification area of the recipient and the information identification area of the donor are both 1.5 x 1.5-2 x 2cm2The area of (2) is convenient for tracing and querying.
The invention also provides a method for matching blood by using the safe cross matching card, which comprises the steps of placing blood plasma of a blood recipient in a blood plasma accommodating hole of the blood recipient, adding packed red blood cells of the blood recipient in a red blood cell diluent accommodating hole of the blood recipient, and uniformly mixing by using a sample adding device to obtain red blood cell suspension with final concentration (0.5-1)%;
placing blood plasma of a blood donor in a blood plasma accommodating hole of the blood donor, adding packed red blood cells of a blood recipient in a red blood cell diluent accommodating hole of the blood donor, and uniformly mixing by using a sample adding device to obtain red blood cell suspension with final concentration (0.5-1)%;
and (3) respectively sampling in the blood plasma containing hole of the blood donor and the red blood cell diluent containing hole of the blood donor, adding the cross reaction holes on the blood matching primary side for uniform mixing, respectively sampling in the blood plasma containing hole of the blood donor and the red blood cell diluent containing hole of the blood donor, adding the cross reaction holes on the blood matching secondary side for uniform mixing, and completing the test in the cross blood matching sample adding stage.
Further, the method for matching blood by using the safe cross matching card comprises the steps of placing not less than 50 mu L of blood plasma of a blood recipient in a blood plasma containing hole of the blood recipient, adding 5-10 mu L of packed red blood cells of the blood recipient into a red blood cell diluent containing hole of the blood recipient, and uniformly mixing by using a sample adding device to obtain red blood cell suspension with the final concentration of (0.5-1)%.
Not less than 50 mul of blood donor plasma is placed in the blood donor plasma containing hole, 5-10 mul of packed red blood cells of a blood recipient are added in the blood donor red blood cell diluent containing hole 14, and a sample adding device is used for mixing uniformly to obtain red blood cell suspension with final concentration (0.5-1)%.
Respectively taking 50 mu L from the blood plasma containing hole of a blood donor and the red blood cell diluent containing hole of a blood donor, adding the mixture into the blood matching primary side cross reaction hole, uniformly mixing, respectively taking 50 mu L from the blood plasma containing hole of the blood donor and the red blood cell diluent containing hole of the blood donor, adding the mixture into the blood matching secondary side cross reaction hole, and uniformly mixing to finish the test at the cross blood matching sample adding stage.
The above sample addition method is an implementable scheme, but the setting of the sample addition amount is not limited to the above scheme.
The reaction holes are sealed by an aluminum foil thermal plastic package or a matched plastic cover before use, and the aluminum foil or the sealing cover is opened before use.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention achieves the following technical effects.
1. According to the safe cross matching card, the cell diluent is sealed in the hole of the matching card, and the red blood cell suspension is prepared directly on the matching card without taking another test tube, so that the condition that the diluent is polluted or wasted is avoided. The test tube does not need to be independently taken to prepare erythrocyte suspension, so that the test tube consumption is reduced, the operation steps are reduced, the pollution links are reduced, and the safety factor is increased.
2. According to the safe cross matching card, blood plasma of a blood recipient, red blood cell suspension of the blood recipient, blood plasma of a blood donor and red blood cell suspension of the blood donor are respectively positioned in the corresponding reaction holes. The main side cross reaction holes prompt 1+4, and the secondary side cross reaction holes prompt 2+3, so that the wrong crossing and/or non-crossing are/is effectively prevented.
3. The safe cross matching card has the design quantity of the blood plasma containing hole of the blood recipient, the red blood cell diluent containing hole of the blood recipient, the blood plasma containing hole of the blood donor and the red blood cell diluent containing hole of the blood donor which are enough for two times of test reaction quantity respectively, and can be used for reexamination or repeated test.
4. According to the safe cross blood matching card, one card is used for one person, so that the sample is prevented from being worn by plum blossoms, only the samples of a blood donor and a blood recipient are used in the sample adding process, even a trace of liquid drops splash into other holes of the card, and the test result is not influenced.
5. According to the safe cross blood matching card, the identification area of the blood matching card can record the information of blood donors and blood recipients completely and in detail, and the tracing query is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a manual blood matching card operation process in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the safety cross-matching card of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
the figure comprises a
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustration omits illustration and description of components and processes not relevant to the present invention that are known to those of ordinary skill in the art for clarity purposes. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2, the invention provides a safe cross blood matching card, which comprises a
and the red blood cell diluent containing hole is internally provided with two red blood cell diluent containing holes, namely a recipient red blood cell
And two gel anti-human globulin gel containing holes containing anti-human globulin and preset in the gel anti-human globulin gel containing holes are respectively a primary side
As a preferable scheme, the volumes of the blood-receptor
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, as an embodiment, the lower portions of the recipient red blood cell dilution
Further, the erythrocyte diluent may be physiological saline or PBS isotonic buffer, and the anti-human globulin gel is a prior art anti-human globulin gel, which can be known by those skilled in the art.
Further, according to the safe cross matching card of the present invention, the primary side
Further, the safe cross matching card of the invention comprises a blood
Furthermore, the reaction hole is sealed and stored by aluminum foil thermal plastic package before use, or a plastic cover matched with the reaction hole is covered on the orifice of the reaction hole, so that the stability and the cleanness of the card can be guaranteed.
Further, the lower part of the
More specifically, a well number label is provided under each reaction well, and further, a recipient
As an alternative, a
The above setting manner of the marks is a scheme that can be implemented, and the setting of the marks is not limited to the above scheme as long as the reaction holes can be clearly marked. The recipient
Preferably, the
The invention also provides a blood matching method using the safe cross blood matching card, which comprises the steps of placing not less than 50 mu L of blood plasma of a blood recipient in the blood
Not less than 50 muL of donor plasma is placed in the donor
50. mu.L of each of the donor blood plasma containing well 11 and the donor red blood cell diluent containing well 14 was added to the blood matching primary side cross reaction well 15, and 50. mu.L of each of the donor blood plasma containing well 13 and the donor red blood cell diluent containing well 12 was added to the blood matching secondary side cross reaction well 16, thereby completing the test at the cross-matching sample addition stage.
The above sample addition method is an implementable scheme, but the setting of the sample addition amount is not limited to the above scheme.
The reaction holes are sealed by an aluminum foil thermal plastic package or a matched plastic cover before use, and the aluminum foil or the sealing cover is opened before use.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, the foregoing is only illustrative of the embodiments that have been used for the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
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