阅读说明：本技术 一种剂量率测量装置及其控制方法 (Dose rate measuring device and control method thereof ) 是由 陈元庆 吕磊 黄清波 刘金尧 于 2019-12-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请涉及一种剂量率测量装置及其控制方法,该装置包括：探测单元,用于捕捉电离辐射光子,并将所述电离辐射光子转换成电信号；信号分析单元,用于对所述电信号分析,获取剂量率。本申请提供的技术方案,不需要手动更换探测器就可自动获取剂量率,达到宽量程剂量率测量的目标；同时,体积小重量轻,方便携带。(The application relates to a dosage rate measuring device and a control method thereof, wherein the device comprises: a detection unit for capturing ionizing radiation photons and converting said ionizing radiation photons into electrical signals; and the signal analysis unit is used for analyzing the electric signals and acquiring the dosage rate. According to the technical scheme provided by the application, the dose rate can be automatically acquired without manually replacing the detector, so that the target of wide-range dose rate measurement is achieved; meanwhile, the volume is small, the weight is light, and the carrying is convenient.)

1. A dose rate measurement apparatus, the apparatus comprising:

a detection unit for capturing ionizing radiation photons and converting said ionizing radiation photons into electrical signals;

and the signal analysis unit is used for analyzing the electric signals and acquiring the dosage rate.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the detection unit comprises: the detector comprises a first detector, a second detector, a third detector, a first high-voltage power supply module and a second high-voltage power supply module;

the first high-voltage power supply module is connected with the first detector through a cable; the second high-voltage power supply module is respectively connected with the second detector and the third detector through cables;

the first detector for converting ionizing radiation photons satisfying a first range into a first electrical signal;

the second detector is used for converting the ionizing radiation photons meeting the second measuring range into a second electric signal;

the third detector is configured to convert ionizing radiation photons that satisfy a third range into a third electrical signal;

the first high-voltage power supply module is used for supplying power to the first detector;

and the second high-voltage power supply module is used for supplying power to the second detector and the third detector.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the second detector and the third detector are located at a first horizontal plane;

the horizontal plane where the first detector is located is a second horizontal plane;

the first level is different from the second level.

4. The device of claim 2, wherein the first range is less than the second range, and wherein the second range is less than the third range.

5. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the signal analysis unit comprises: the device comprises a first amplifier, a second amplifier, a third amplifier, a pulse amplitude analyzer, a microcontroller, a display and a memory;

the first amplifier is respectively connected with the first detector and the pulse amplitude analyzer through cables; the second amplifier is respectively connected with the second detector and the pulse amplitude analyzer through cables; the third amplifier is respectively connected with the third detector and the pulse amplitude analyzer through cables; the microcontroller is respectively connected with the pulse amplitude analyzer, the display and the memory through cables;

the first amplifier is used for amplifying the first electric signal;

the second amplifier is used for amplifying the second electric signal;

the third amplifier is used for amplifying the third electric signal;

the pulse amplitude analyzer is used for analyzing the amplified first electric signal, the amplified second electric signal or the amplified third electric signal to acquire the number and the amplitude of pulses;

the microcontroller is used for acquiring the dose rate according to the number and the amplitude of the pulses acquired by the pulse amplitude analyzer and transmitting the dose rate to the display and the memory;

the display is used for displaying the dosage rate acquired by the microcontroller;

and the memory is used for storing the dose rate acquired by the microcontroller.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the signal analysis unit further comprises: and the low-voltage power supply module is used for respectively supplying power to the first amplifier, the second amplifier, the third amplifier, the pulse amplitude analyzer, the microcontroller, the display and the memory.

7. A method of controlling a dose rate measurement device according to any of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising:

step 1: starting a third detector to obtain the dose rate; judging whether the dosage rate meets a third range, and if so, executing a step 4; if the dose rate does not meet the third range, executing the step 2;

step 2: starting a second detector to obtain the dose rate; judging whether the dosage rate meets a second measuring range, and if the dosage rate meets the second measuring range, executing the step 4; if the dosage rate does not meet the second measuring range, executing the step 3;

and step 3: starting a first detector to obtain the dose rate; judging whether the dosage rate meets a first range, and if so, executing a step 4; if the dosage rate does not meet the first measuring range, executing step 5;

and 4, step 4: the initialization time t is 0, the microcontroller sends the current dosage rate to a display, the display displays the current dosage rate in real time until t is greater than a time threshold, and step 6 is executed;

and 5: the microcontroller controls the display to send out a fault alarm and executes the step 6;

step 6: judging whether the measurement needs to be finished or not, and stopping the measurement if the measurement needs to be finished; and if the measurement does not need to be finished, returning to the step 1.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the third detector is activated in step 1 to obtain a dose rate of: the third detector converts the ionizing radiation photons to a third electrical signal and transmits the third electrical signal to a third amplifier;

the third amplifier amplifies the third electric signal and transmits the amplified third electric signal to a pulse amplitude analyzer;

the pulse amplitude analyzer analyzes the amplified third electric signal to obtain the number and the amplitude of pulses and transmits the number and the amplitude of the pulses to the microcontroller;

and the microcontroller acquires the dose rate according to the number and the amplitude of the pulses.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the second detector is activated in step 2 to obtain a dose rate of: the second detector converts the ionizing radiation photons into a second electrical signal and transmits the second electrical signal to a second amplifier;

the second amplifier amplifies the second electric signal and transmits the amplified second electric signal to a pulse amplitude analyzer;

the pulse amplitude analyzer analyzes the amplified second electric signal to obtain the number and the amplitude of pulses and transmits the number and the amplitude of the pulses to the microcontroller;

and the microcontroller acquires the dose rate according to the number and the amplitude of the pulses.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein the first detector is activated in step 3 to obtain a dose rate of: the first detector converts the ionizing radiation photons into a first electrical signal and transmits the first electrical signal to a first amplifier;

the first amplifier amplifies the first electric signal and transmits the amplified first electric signal to a pulse amplitude analyzer;

the pulse amplitude analyzer analyzes the amplified first electric signal to obtain the number and the amplitude of pulses and transmits the number and the amplitude of the pulses to the microcontroller;

and the microcontroller acquires the dose rate according to the number and the amplitude of the pulses.

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of nuclear and radiation environment monitoring, and particularly relates to a dose rate measuring device and a control method thereof.

Background

With the development of national economy and the establishment of nuclear power projects, people pay more and more attention to the radiation environment. Because the hazard of ionizing radiation is: releasing energy within the human tissue, resulting in cell death or injury. At small doses it is not harmful. In some cases, the cells do not die but become abnormal cells. These abnormal cells are somewhat transient, somewhat permanent, and some even develop into cancerous cells. High doses of radiation will cause extensive cell death. Injury from low or moderate radiation does not manifest itself in months or even years.

Most of the existing radiation monitoring instruments in the domestic nuclear radiation monitoring instrument market are combined and applied by independent detectors to meet the measurement of different requirements. The independent detector combination is very inconvenient to use in the using process of an instrument, the detector needs to be replaced manually by personnel to meet the measurement of different measuring ranges, the portability is poor, and the practical application cannot be well met.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problems of inconvenience and poor portability caused by the fact that a detector needs to be replaced manually in the related technology at least to a certain extent, the application provides a dose rate measuring device and a control method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:

in a first aspect,

there is provided a dose rate measurement apparatus, the apparatus comprising:

a detection unit for capturing ionizing radiation photons and converting said ionizing radiation photons into electrical signals;

and the signal analysis unit is used for analyzing the electric signals and acquiring the dosage rate.

Preferably, the detection unit includes: the detector comprises a first detector, a second detector, a third detector, a first high-voltage power supply module and a second high-voltage power supply module;

the first high-voltage power supply module is connected with the first detector through a cable; the second high-voltage power supply module is respectively connected with the second detector and the third detector through cables;

the first detector for converting ionizing radiation photons satisfying a first range into a first electrical signal;

the second detector is used for converting the ionizing radiation photons meeting the second measuring range into a second electric signal;

the third detector is configured to convert ionizing radiation photons that satisfy a third range into a third electrical signal;

the first high-voltage power supply module is used for supplying power to the first detector;

and the second high-voltage power supply module is used for supplying power to the second detector and the third detector.

Furthermore, the horizontal plane where the second detector and the third detector are located is a first horizontal plane;

the horizontal plane where the first detector is located is a second horizontal plane;

the first level is different from the second level.

Further, the first measuring range is smaller than the second measuring range, and the second measuring range is smaller than the third measuring range.

Preferably, the signal analyzing unit includes: the device comprises a first amplifier, a second amplifier, a third amplifier, a pulse amplitude analyzer, a microcontroller, a display and a memory;

the first amplifier is respectively connected with the first detector and the pulse amplitude analyzer through cables; the second amplifier is respectively connected with the second detector and the pulse amplitude analyzer through cables; the third amplifier is respectively connected with the third detector and the pulse amplitude analyzer through cables; the microcontroller is respectively connected with the pulse amplitude analyzer, the display and the memory through cables;

the first amplifier is used for amplifying the first electric signal;

the second amplifier is used for amplifying the second electric signal;

the third amplifier is used for amplifying the third electric signal;

the pulse amplitude analyzer is used for analyzing the amplified first electric signal, the amplified second electric signal or the amplified third electric signal to acquire the number and the amplitude of pulses;

the microcontroller is used for acquiring the dose rate according to the number and the amplitude of the pulses acquired by the pulse amplitude analyzer and transmitting the dose rate to the display and the memory;

the display is used for displaying the dosage rate acquired by the microcontroller;

and the memory is used for storing the dose rate acquired by the microcontroller.

Preferably, the signal analysis unit further includes: and the low-voltage power supply module is used for respectively supplying power to the first amplifier, the second amplifier, the third amplifier, the pulse amplitude analyzer, the microcontroller, the display and the memory.

In a second aspect of the present invention,

there is provided a method of controlling a dose rate measurement apparatus, the method comprising:

step 1: starting a third detector to obtain the dose rate; judging whether the dosage rate meets a third range, and if so, executing a step 4; if the dose rate does not meet the third range, executing the step 2;

step 2: starting a second detector to obtain the dose rate; judging whether the dosage rate meets a second measuring range, and if the dosage rate meets the second measuring range, executing the step 4; if the dosage rate does not meet the second measuring range, executing the step 3;

and step 3: starting a first detector to obtain the dose rate; judging whether the dosage rate meets a first range, and if so, executing a step 4; if the dosage rate does not meet the first measuring range, executing step 5;

and 4, step 4: the initialization time t is 0, the microcontroller sends the current dosage rate to a display, the display displays the current dosage rate in real time until t is greater than a time threshold, and step 6 is executed;

and 5: the microcontroller controls the display to send out a fault alarm and executes the step 6;

step 6: judging whether the measurement needs to be finished or not, and stopping the measurement if the measurement needs to be finished; and if the measurement does not need to be finished, returning to the step 1.

Preferably, the third detector is started in step 1, and the acquired dose rate is: the third detector converts the ionizing radiation photons to a third electrical signal and transmits the third electrical signal to a third amplifier;

the third amplifier amplifies the third electric signal and transmits the amplified third electric signal to a pulse amplitude analyzer;

the pulse amplitude analyzer analyzes the amplified third electric signal to obtain the number and the amplitude of pulses and transmits the number and the amplitude of the pulses to the microcontroller;

and the microcontroller acquires the dose rate according to the number and the amplitude of the pulses.

Preferably, the second detector is started in step 2, and the acquired dose rate is: the second detector converts the ionizing radiation photons into a second electrical signal and transmits the second electrical signal to a second amplifier;

the second amplifier amplifies the second electric signal and transmits the amplified second electric signal to a pulse amplitude analyzer;

the pulse amplitude analyzer analyzes the amplified second electric signal to obtain the number and the amplitude of pulses and transmits the number and the amplitude of the pulses to the microcontroller;

and the microcontroller acquires the dose rate according to the number and the amplitude of the pulses.

Preferably, the first detector is started in step 3, and the acquired dose rate is: the first detector converts the ionizing radiation photons into a first electrical signal and transmits the first electrical signal to a first amplifier;

the first amplifier amplifies the first electric signal and transmits the amplified first electric signal to a pulse amplitude analyzer;

the pulse amplitude analyzer analyzes the amplified first electric signal to obtain the number and the amplitude of pulses and transmits the number and the amplitude of the pulses to the microcontroller;

and the microcontroller acquires the dose rate according to the number and the amplitude of the pulses.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can have the following beneficial effects: the detection unit captures ionizing radiation photons and converts the ionizing radiation photons into electric signals, the signal analysis unit analyzes the electric signals to obtain the dose rate, and the dose rate can be automatically obtained without manually replacing a detector, so that the target of wide-range dose rate measurement is achieved; meanwhile, the volume is small, the weight is light, and the carrying is convenient.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dose rate measurement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of a dose rate measuring device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling a dose rate measurement device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a dose rate measurement apparatus according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a control method for a dose rate measuring apparatus according to another embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dose rate measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; as shown in fig. 1, the apparatus includes:

a detection unit for capturing ionizing radiation photons and converting the ionizing radiation photons into electrical signals;

and the signal analysis unit is used for analyzing the electric signals and acquiring the dosage rate.

It can be understood that, in the dose rate measuring device provided in this embodiment, the detection unit captures ionizing radiation photons and converts the ionizing radiation photons into electrical signals, and the signal analysis unit analyzes the electrical signals to obtain the dose rate, so that the dose rate can be obtained without manually replacing the detector, thereby achieving the target of wide-range dose rate measurement; meanwhile, the volume is small, the weight is light, and the carrying is convenient.

Further optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the detection unit includes: the detector comprises a first detector, a second detector, a third detector, a first high-voltage power supply module and a second high-voltage power supply module;

the first high-voltage power supply module is connected with the first detector through a cable; the second high-voltage power supply module is respectively connected with the second detector and the third detector through cables;

a first detector for converting ionizing radiation photons satisfying a first range into a first electrical signal;

a second detector for converting ionizing radiation photons satisfying a second range into a second electrical signal;

a third detector for converting ionizing radiation photons satisfying a third range into a third electrical signal;

the first high-voltage power supply module is used for supplying power to the first detector;

and the second high-voltage power supply module is used for supplying power to the second detector and the third detector.

In some embodiments, the first detector may be, but is not limited to, a NaI (sodium iodide) detector; the second and third detectors may be, but are not limited to, geiger counter tubes; the first and second high voltage power modules may be of a type, but are not limited to, CC255-01Y in a CC255 series high voltage module.

Further optionally, the horizontal plane where the second detector and the third detector are located is the first horizontal plane;

the horizontal plane where the first detector is located is a second horizontal plane;

the first level is different from the second level.

It should be noted that, the horizontal plane where the first detector is located is staggered from the horizontal planes where the second detector and the third detector are located, so that interference generated between the detectors is reduced.

Further optionally, the first range is smaller than the second range, which is smaller than the third range.

It should be noted that, the person skilled in the art can set the "first measurement range", the "second measurement range" and the "third measurement range" according to engineering requirements, historical empirical values or experimental data.

For example, the first range is 10nSv/h to 0.5mSv/h, the second range is 0.5mSv/h to 6mSv/h, and the third range is 6mSv/h to 12 Sv/h.

Further optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the signal analyzing unit includes: the device comprises a first amplifier, a second amplifier, a third amplifier, a pulse amplitude analyzer, a microcontroller, a display and a memory;

the first amplifier is respectively connected with the first detector and the pulse amplitude analyzer through cables; the second amplifier is respectively connected with the second detector and the pulse amplitude analyzer through cables; the third amplifier is respectively connected with the third detector and the pulse amplitude analyzer through cables; the microcontroller is respectively connected with the pulse amplitude analyzer, the display and the memory through cables;

a first amplifier for amplifying the first electrical signal;

a second amplifier for amplifying the second electrical signal;

a third amplifier for amplifying the third electrical signal;

it should be noted that "amplifying a signal by using an amplifier" is well known to those skilled in the art, and therefore, the specific implementation manner thereof is not described too much;

the pulse amplitude analyzer is used for analyzing the amplified first electric signal, the amplified second electric signal or the amplified third electric signal to acquire the number and the amplitude of pulses;

it should be noted that the manner of "obtaining the number and the amplitude of the pulses by using the pulse amplitude analyzer" is well known to those skilled in the art, and therefore, the specific implementation manner thereof is not described too much;

the microcontroller is used for acquiring the dose rate according to the number and the amplitude of the pulses acquired by the pulse amplitude analyzer and transmitting the dose rate to the display and the memory;

it should be noted that the manner of acquiring the dose rate by the MCU (single chip microcomputer) according to the number and amplitude of pulses is well known to those skilled in the art, and therefore, the specific implementation manner thereof is not described too much.

For example, NaI scintillation detectors formulate the dose: moriuchi first proposed in 1971 to use the G (E) energy spectrum-dose conversion function to estimate the dose, i.e. adding different dose rate weight values to the counts of different energy channels, wherein the weight values are the G (E) function values of the energy channels. The method can calculate the dosage more accurately, after the G (E) function is determined, the corresponding dosage can be obtained by direct field measurement, but the coefficients of the G (E) functions of different detectors are different and need to be respectively calibrated. The determination of G (E) has a direct influence on the calculation results. Wherein the air absorbent dose D (E) is determined by the following formula₀)：

In the above formula, n (E, E)₀) λ is a constant that is the probability that the detector will register a signal of E.

In practical application, an optimization algorithm is applied to simplify formula (1), and the simplified formula (1) is:

wherein D is the dose rate; dividing the maximum amplitude of the pulse into E parts, wherein the unit is track; the pulse analyzer and the MCU count the amplitude (i channels) and the number (n) of the pulses_i)；G(E)_iThe function is the dose rate weight value, which also varies for different pulse amplitudes (i track). But for a fixed volume detector, G (E)_iThe function is a set of constants.

As another example, the G-M counter is atApplication in dose measurement: as a sensitive radiation detector, G-M counters have been widely used, but the G-M counters respond to and absorb dose D, and the air kerma K_αOr the dose X, is generally not directly related. However, if the material of the wall of the counter is properly selected or some shielding filtration is added outside the counter, the response of the G-M counter can be made proportional to the absorbed dose of air, the kerma of air or the irradiation dose in a certain energy range.

Setting a beam of X or gamma ray with photon energy of E to be incident on a G-M counter, wherein the photon fluence rate is

The photon detection efficiency of the counter is η, and the count rate of the counter is:

the irradiation dose rate at which the counter is located is assumed to be X; the mass energy absorption coefficient of X or gamma ray in air is (mu)_en/ρ)_αUnder the condition that the bremsstrahlung generated by the belt particles is negligible, the irradiation quantity X of a certain point in the air and the energy fluence of the point

Relation formulaAnd equation (3) can be derived:

G-M counters made of different cathode materials (Al, Cu and Pb) have detection efficiency almost proportional to photon energy within a certain energy range, namely η/E in formula (4)_γApproximately a constant. And the mass energy absorption coefficient (mu) of gamma rays in the air_en/ρ)_αAnd the change is not large in a certain energy range.

Thus equation (4) can be written as:

under the above conditions, k1, k2, and k3 are approximately constant, i.e., the irradiation dose rate, the air kerma rate, and the air absorption dose rate are approximately proportional to the counting rate of the counter. Thus, the measured counting rate can be used for determining the irradiation dose rate, the air kerma rate and the air absorption dose rate;

in the above formula, n is equivalent to the number of pulses of the electrical signal generated by the Geiger counter GM1 or GM2 counted by the MCU,

dosage rate values are given.

The display is used for displaying the dosage rate acquired by the microcontroller;

and the memory is used for storing the dose rate acquired by the microcontroller.

In some embodiments, the type of display may be, but is not limited to, a touchable LCD display.

Further optionally, the signal analysis unit further includes: and a low-voltage power supply module (not shown in the figure) for respectively supplying power to the first amplifier, the second amplifier, the third amplifier, the pulse amplitude analyzer, the microcontroller, the display and the memory.

It is easily understood that the low voltage power supply module is connected with the first amplifier, the second amplifier, the third amplifier, the pulse amplitude analyzer, the microcontroller, the display and the memory, respectively.

In some embodiments, the low-voltage power module 9 may be, but is not limited to, a large-capacity lithium ion battery, and has a long endurance time, thereby avoiding an influence of the dose rate measurement device provided by the present application due to power failure.

Further optionally, the dose rate measuring device is further provided with a charging interface, a USB interface and an on-off switch of the dose rate measuring device.

It is easily understood that the data transmission and storage can be realized through the USB interface.

It should be noted that the dose rate measuring device provided in this embodiment may be placed in a box, the volume of the box may be, but is not limited to, 300mm × 250mm × 170mm (length × width × height), and the sum of the weights of the dose rate measuring device and the box may be, but is not limited to, 2.9 kg. Small volume, light weight and convenient carrying.

The dose rate measuring device provided by the embodiment adopts a composite multi-probe integrated design (different types of detectors with different ranges are integrated into a whole) in structural design, so that the defect of manual replacement of the detectors in the prior art is overcome, and the measuring range is wide and can meet the measurement of different ranges; the dosage rate is acquired by adopting the amplifier, the pulse amplitude analyzer and the microcontroller, the integration is high, the intelligence is high, the measuring range can be automatically switched, and the requirements of different occasions are met; in the aspect of humanization, a display is adopted to provide a more humanized man-machine interaction interface; in volume and weight, the utility model has the advantages of small volume, light weight and convenient carrying.

The present invention also provides a method for controlling a dose rate measuring device, referring to fig. 3, the method comprising:

step 1: starting a third detector to obtain the dose rate; judging whether the dosage rate meets a third range, and if so, executing the step 4; if the dose rate does not meet the third range, executing the step 2;

step 2: starting a second detector to obtain the dose rate; judging whether the dosage rate meets a second measuring range, and if so, executing the step 4; if the dose rate does not meet the second measuring range, executing the step 3;

and step 3: starting a first detector to obtain the dose rate; judging whether the dosage rate meets a first range, and if so, executing the step 4; if the dosage rate does not meet the first measuring range, executing the step 5;

and 4, step 4: the initialization time t is 0, the microcontroller sends the current dosage rate to the display, the display displays the current dosage rate in real time until t is greater than a time threshold, and step 6 is executed;

and 5: the microcontroller controls the display to send out a fault alarm and executes the step 6;

step 6: judging whether the measurement needs to be finished or not, and stopping the measurement if the measurement needs to be finished; and if the measurement does not need to be finished, returning to the step 1.

In some embodiments, in step 4, a timer may be used to count time, and it is determined whether the current time of the timer is greater than a time threshold.

Further optionally, the third detector is started in step 1, and the obtained dose rate is: the third detector converts the ionizing radiation photons into a third electrical signal and transmits the third electrical signal to a third amplifier;

the third amplifier amplifies the third electric signal and transmits the amplified third electric signal to the pulse amplitude analyzer;

the pulse amplitude analyzer analyzes the amplified third electric signal to obtain the number and the amplitude of pulses and transmits the number and the amplitude of the pulses to the microcontroller;

the microcontroller acquires the dose rate according to the number and amplitude of the pulses.

Further optionally, the second detector is started in step 2, and the obtained dose rate is: the second detector converts the ionizing radiation photons into a second electrical signal and transmits the second electrical signal to a second amplifier;

the second amplifier amplifies the second electric signal and transmits the amplified second electric signal to the pulse amplitude analyzer;

the pulse amplitude analyzer analyzes the amplified second electric signal to obtain the number and the amplitude of pulses and transmits the number and the amplitude of the pulses to the microcontroller;

the microcontroller acquires the dose rate according to the number and amplitude of the pulses.

Further optionally, the first detector is started in step 3, and the obtained dose rate is: the first detector converts the ionizing radiation photons into a first electrical signal and transmits the first electrical signal to the first amplifier;

the first amplifier amplifies the first electric signal and transmits the amplified first electric signal to the pulse amplitude analyzer;

the pulse amplitude analyzer analyzes the amplified first electric signal to obtain the number and the amplitude of pulses and transmits the number and the amplitude of the pulses to the microcontroller;

the microcontroller acquires the dose rate according to the number and amplitude of the pulses.

The control method of the dose rate measuring device provided by the embodiment can automatically acquire the dose rate without manually replacing the detector, so that the target of wide-range dose rate measurement is achieved, and the control method is very convenient in the practical application process.

The present embodiment also provides a readable storage medium, on which an executable program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the steps in the control method of the above-mentioned dose rate measuring device.

In order to facilitate the reader to further understand the above dose rate measuring apparatus and the control method thereof, the present invention provides a specific example, referring to fig. 4, in this embodiment, a first detector in the dose rate measuring apparatus is a NaI (sodium iodide) detector, a second detector is a geiger counter GM1, and a third detector is a geiger counter GM2, and the dose rate measuring apparatus includes:

a detection unit for capturing ionizing radiation photons and converting the ionizing radiation photons into electrical signals;

and the signal analysis unit is used for analyzing the electric signals and acquiring the dosage rate.

Further, the detection unit includes: a NaI (sodium iodide) detector, a Geiger counter GM1, a Geiger counter GM2, a first high voltage power supply module and a second high voltage power supply module;

the first high-voltage power supply module is connected with a NaI (sodium iodide) detector through a cable; the second high-voltage power supply module is respectively connected with a Geiger counter GM1 and a Geiger counter GM2 through cables;

a NaI (sodium iodide) detector for converting ionizing radiation photons satisfying a first range into a first electrical signal;

a geiger counter GM1 for converting ionizing radiation photons meeting the second range into a second electrical signal;

a geiger counter GM2 for converting ionizing radiation photons that satisfy a third range into a third electrical signal;

the first high-voltage power supply module is used for supplying power to a NaI (sodium iodide) detector;

and the second high-voltage power supply module is used for supplying power to the Geiger counter GM1 and the Geiger counter GM 2.

Specifically, the first high-voltage power supply module and the second high-voltage power supply module are both CC255-01Y in a CC255 series high-voltage module.

Further, the horizontal plane of the Geiger counter GM1 and the horizontal plane of the Geiger counter GM2 are a first horizontal plane;

the horizontal plane where the NaI (sodium iodide) detector is located is a second horizontal plane;

the first level is different from the second level.

It should be noted that the horizontal plane of the NaI (sodium iodide) probe is staggered from the horizontal planes of the geiger counter GM1 and the geiger counter GM2, so as to reduce the interference generated between the probes. The height of the first and second levels may be set by one skilled in the art according to engineering requirements, according to historical empirical values or experimental data.

Specifically, the actual measurement ranges and energy ranges of the NaI (sodium iodide) detector, the geiger counter GM1 and the geiger counter GM2 were measured through a plurality of tests, as shown in table 1:

TABLE 1 actual measurement Range and energy Range of the Detector

Kind of detector	Actual measuring range	Energy range
			NaI detector	10nSv/h～1mSv/h	35～3000KeV
Geiger counter tube GM1	0.01mSv/h～6mSv/h	35～1300KeV
			Geiger counter tube GM2	5mSv/h～12Sv/h	35～1300KeV

To minimize the relative intrinsic error of the device measurements, the experimental data was analyzed to obtain an optimal choice of range of span, as shown in table 2:

TABLE 2 optimal selection Range and energy Range for the Detector

Kind of detector	Optimum selection range	Energy range
			A NaI detector:	(10nSv/h,0.5mSv/h)	35～3000KeV
geiger counter tube GM1	[0.5mSv/h～6mSv/h]	35～1300KeV
			Geiger counter tube GM2	(6mSv/h～12Sv/h)	35～1300KeV

Further, the signal analyzing unit includes: the device comprises a first amplifier, a second amplifier, a third amplifier, a pulse amplitude analyzer, a microcontroller, a display and a memory;

the first amplifier is respectively connected with the NaI detector and the pulse amplitude analyzer through cables; the second amplifier is respectively connected with a Geiger counter GM1 and a pulse amplitude analyzer through cables; the third amplifier is respectively connected with a Geiger counter GM2 and a pulse amplitude analyzer through cables; the microcontroller is respectively connected with the pulse amplitude analyzer, the touchable LCD and the memory through cables;

a first amplifier for amplifying the first electrical signal;

a second amplifier for amplifying the second electrical signal;

a third amplifier for amplifying the third electrical signal;

it should be noted that "amplifying a signal by using an amplifier" is well known to those skilled in the art, and therefore, a detailed implementation manner thereof is not described too much.

The pulse amplitude analyzer is used for analyzing the amplified first electric signal, the amplified second electric signal or the amplified third electric signal to acquire the number and the amplitude of pulses;

it should be noted that the manner of "obtaining the number and the amplitude of the pulses by using the pulse amplitude analyzer" is well known to those skilled in the art, and therefore, the specific implementation manner thereof is not described too much;

the microcontroller is used for acquiring the dose rate according to the number and the amplitude of the pulses acquired by the pulse amplitude analyzer and transmitting the dose rate to the display and the memory;

the touchable LCD display is used for displaying the dosage rate acquired by the microcontroller;

and the memory is used for storing the dose rate acquired by the microcontroller.

Specifically, the stored dose rate data in the memory may be, but is not limited to, viewed through the display screen of the touch LCD display; the dose rate data may include, but is not limited to: date, time, detector type and dose rate; for example, a certain dose rate data is: 6/2018, 8 am, NaI probe, 0.4 mSv/h.

Further, the signal analysis unit further includes: and the low-voltage power supply module is used for respectively supplying power to the first amplifier, the second amplifier, the third amplifier, the pulse amplitude analyzer, the microcontroller, the display and the memory.

In particular, the low-voltage power supply module is a large-capacity lithium electronic battery,

further, the signal analysis unit further includes: and the timer is used for timing when the dosage rate is measured.

Furthermore, the dose rate measuring device is also provided with a charging interface, a USB interface and an on-off switch of the dose rate measuring device.

It is easily understood that the data transmission and storage can be realized through the USB interface.

Further, the dose rate measuring device may be placed in a housing having a volume size of 300mm x 250mm x 170mm (length x width x height), the total weight of the dose rate measuring device and the housing being 2.9 kg. Small volume, light weight and convenient carrying.

The dose rate measuring device provided by the embodiment with the first detector being a NaI (sodium iodide) detector, the second detector being a geiger counter GM1, and the third detector being a geiger counter GM2 adopts a composite multi-probe structure, that is, 2 types of detectors are adopted, and 3 composite detectors are formed in total to achieve a wide-range measurement target. The NaI detector is used for low dose rate measurement, the Geiger counter tube GM1 is used for medium dose rate measurement, the Geiger counter tube GM2 is used for high dose rate measurement, and the range of the composite detector is greatly expanded to reach 10 nSv/h-12 Sv/h; because NaI has strong absorption and reflection capacities on gamma rays, the two detectors are not on the same horizontal plane, and do not interfere with each other; meanwhile, the center of the detector is on a vertical line, so that the detection angle is consistent in the direction;

in the aspect of humanization, a 5-inch LCD display with a touch screen is adopted, so that a more humanized human-computer interaction interface is provided; meanwhile, the USB interface is arranged, so that data can be conveniently transmitted and stored with the computer;

in terms of volume and weight, the portable electric water heater is small in volume (300mm by 250mm by 170mm), light in weight (2.9kg) and convenient to carry.

The present embodiment further provides a control method of the dose rate measuring apparatus in which the first probe is a NaI (sodium iodide) probe, the second probe is a geiger counter GM1, and the third probe is a geiger counter GM2, as shown in fig. 5, including:

step a: activating a geiger counter GM2, geiger counter GM2 converting ionizing radiation photons to a third electrical signal and transmitting the third electrical signal to a third amplifier;

the third amplifier amplifies the third electric signal and transmits the amplified third electric signal to the pulse amplitude analyzer;

the pulse amplitude analyzer analyzes the amplified third electric signal to obtain the number and the amplitude of pulses and transmits the number and the amplitude of the pulses to the microcontroller;

the microcontroller acquires the dose rate according to the number and the amplitude of the pulses, judges whether the dose rate meets a third range, and executes the step d if the dose rate meets the third range; if the dose rate does not meet the third range, executing the step b;

step b: activating a geiger counter GM1, the geiger counter GM1 converting the ionizing radiation photons to a second electrical signal and transmitting the second electrical signal to a second amplifier;

the second amplifier amplifies the second electric signal and transmits the amplified second electric signal to the pulse amplitude analyzer;

the pulse amplitude analyzer analyzes the amplified second electric signal to obtain the number and the amplitude of pulses and transmits the number and the amplitude of the pulses to the microcontroller;

the microcontroller acquires the dose rate according to the number and the amplitude of the pulses, judges whether the dose rate meets a second range, and executes the step d if the dose rate meets the second range; if the dose rate does not meet the second measuring range, executing the step c;

step c: activating a NaI (sodium iodide) detector, which converts the ionizing radiation photons into a first electrical signal and transmits the first electrical signal to a first amplifier;

the first amplifier amplifies the first electric signal and transmits the amplified first electric signal to the pulse amplitude analyzer;

the pulse amplitude analyzer analyzes the amplified first electric signal to obtain the number and the amplitude of pulses and transmits the number and the amplitude of the pulses to the microcontroller;

the microcontroller acquires the dose rate according to the number and the amplitude of the pulses, judges whether the dose rate meets a first range, and executes the step d if the dose rate meets the first range; if the dose rate does not meet the first measuring range, executing the step e;

step d: starting a timer, initializing the timer for time t being 0, sending the current dosage rate to a display by the microcontroller, displaying the current dosage rate in real time by the display until the timer time t is greater than a time threshold value N, and executing the step f;

step e: the microcontroller controls the display to send out a fault alarm and executes the step f;

step f: judging whether the measurement needs to be finished or not, and stopping the measurement if the measurement needs to be finished; and if the measurement does not need to be finished, returning to the step a.

It will be readily appreciated that when the rate measurement device described above is in operation, the microcontroller will acquire the current rate in real time (e.g. once per second) and transmit the current rate to the display, which then displays the real time rate between timer times t and 0, N.

The control method of the dose rate measuring device provided by the embodiment, in which the first detector is a NaI (sodium iodide) detector, the second detector is a geiger counter GM1, and the third detector is a geiger counter GM2, can automatically acquire the dose rate without manually replacing the detectors, achieves the target of wide-range dose rate measurement, and is very convenient in the practical application process.

It is understood that the same or similar parts in the above embodiments may be mutually referred to, and the same or similar parts in other embodiments may be referred to for the content which is not described in detail in some embodiments.

It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Further, in the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" means at least two unless otherwise specified.

Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes other implementations in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present application.

It should be understood that portions of the present application may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps carried by the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a program, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.

The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic or optical disk, etc.

In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application.