阅读说明：本技术 一种新型智能碳刷装置 (Novel intelligent carbon brush device ) 是由 铎良 李勇 王智勇 王拯元 薛长奎 徐磊 王桂虹 罗鹏斌 李景琦 朱敏 于 2019-11-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种新型智能碳刷装置，包括刷盒，刷盒内设有若干碳刷室，碳刷室内装有碳刷，碳刷后端设有顶推装置；碳刷室内壁贴设有金属极板，极板与碳刷间设有绝缘介质以形成电容器；碳刷室壁上设有温度传感器，碳刷的刷辫处设有电流强度传感器；极板的电容信号、温度传感器的温度信号和电流强度传感器的电流强度信号通过无线或有线发送方式传输到信号采集器进行采集、处理，再通过无线发送方式传输到监测终端或报警装置。本发明能够实现碳刷磨损量、碳刷温度和碳刷电流的实时监测、信号采集、信号无线传输等功能，提升碳刷装置的实用性和可靠性。(The invention relates to a novel intelligent carbon brush device which comprises a brush box, wherein a plurality of carbon brush chambers are arranged in the brush box, carbon brushes are arranged in the carbon brush chambers, and the rear ends of the carbon brushes are provided with pushing devices; a metal polar plate is attached to the inner wall of the carbon brush chamber, and an insulating medium is arranged between the polar plate and the carbon brush to form a capacitor; a temperature sensor is arranged on the wall of the carbon brush chamber, and a current intensity sensor is arranged at the braid of the carbon brush; the capacitance signal of the polar plate, the temperature signal of the temperature sensor and the current intensity signal of the current intensity sensor are transmitted to the signal collector in a wireless or wired transmission mode for collection and processing, and then transmitted to the monitoring terminal or the alarm device in a wireless transmission mode. The invention can realize the functions of real-time monitoring, signal acquisition, signal wireless transmission and the like of the carbon brush abrasion loss, the carbon brush temperature and the carbon brush current, and improves the practicability and reliability of the carbon brush device.)

1. The utility model provides a novel intelligence carbon brush device which characterized in that: the brush box is internally provided with a plurality of carbon brush chambers, carbon brushes are arranged in the carbon brush chambers, and the rear ends of the carbon brushes are provided with pushing devices; a metal polar plate is attached to the inner wall of the carbon brush chamber, and an insulating medium is arranged between the polar plate and the carbon brush to form a capacitor; a temperature sensor is arranged on the wall of the carbon brush chamber, and a current intensity sensor is arranged at the braid of the carbon brush; the capacitance signal of the polar plate, the temperature signal of the temperature sensor and the current intensity signal of the current intensity sensor are collected and processed and then transmitted to a monitoring terminal or an alarm device.

2. The carbon brush system according to claim 1, wherein: the carbon brush device also comprises a handle, the handle is connected with an assembly shaft, a support and a signal collector are sleeved on the assembly shaft, and the brush box is assembled on the support; one end of the assembling shaft is provided with a convex shoulder, the other end of the assembling shaft is in threaded connection with the handle, and the support and the signal collector are clamped and fixed between the convex shoulder and the handle.

3. The carbon brush system according to claim 2, wherein: the bottom of the support is sequentially provided with a shoulder pole spring and a carbon brush retaining plate, the front end of the carbon brush retaining plate is provided with a flanging, and the flanging is buckled at the front end of the brush box and can retain the carbon brush in the brush box.

4. The carbon brush system according to claim 2, wherein: the capacitance signal of the polar plate, the temperature signal of the temperature sensor and the current intensity signal of the current intensity sensor are transmitted to the signal collector in a wireless or wired transmission mode for collection and processing, and then transmitted to the monitoring terminal or the alarm device in a wireless or wired transmission mode.

5. The carbon brush system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the inner wall of the carbon brush chamber is provided with a polar plate groove, a capacitor bottom plate is arranged in the polar plate groove, and a polar plate is fixed on the capacitor bottom plate; the pushing device is a coil spring, the outer end part of the coil spring is fixed on the capacitor bottom plate, and the rear end of the carbon brush abuts against the coil spring to enable the coil spring to be unfolded when the carbon brush is installed.

6. The carbon brush system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: a through hole is formed in the wall of the carbon brush chamber, the wall is close to the front end of the carbon brush, the temperature sensor is a surface-mounted pocket-sized temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is connected with a flexible heat conducting element, and the flexible heat conducting element penetrates through the through hole to be in contact with the carbon brush so as to conduct the temperature of the carbon brush to the temperature sensor.

7. The carbon brush system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the carbon brush is arranged opposite to the pole, and the relative area of the carbon brush is gradually reduced in the forward sliding process.

8. The carbon brush system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the polar plate is plated with an insulating material which is used as an insulating medium of the capacitor.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of safety monitoring, in particular to a novel intelligent carbon brush device which can be used for a carbon brush of a non-salient pole type motor.

Background

The existing generator generally adopts a static excitation system, wherein a plurality of carbon brushes are required to be arranged so as to uniformly conduct excitation current, and in order to ensure that the carbon brushes are uniformly arranged and are fixed and reliable, a combined brush box is mostly adopted to fix 3-4 carbon brushes in the brush box, and then the brush box is symmetrically assembled on a brush frame along the circumferential direction. When the unit is in the normal operation process, because the collecting ring is in high-speed rotary motion all the time, and brush box (carbon brush) is in quiescent condition, therefore the carbon brush is in the operating mode of continuous wearing and tearing all the time, can produce high temperature because of continuous wearing and overheating simultaneously, and can lead to every carbon brush wearing and tearing volume inconsistent because collecting ring vibration, also can lead to phenomenon such as current distribution inhomogeneous or contact surface striking sparks because the carbon brush is well with collecting ring contact. At present, traditional carbon brush maintenance is generally realized by the mode of manual regular inspection, with the help of pincerlike ampere meters, tools such as hand-held type infrared imager detect the carbon brush running state, because manual detection operation wastes time and energy and has certain risk, the data volume of manual collection is limited, have very big randomness, can't realize the real time monitoring to carbon brush electrical physical parameter, manual detection is very easy simultaneously because observe not carefully cause the trouble to omit, consequently to the long-term reliable operation of unit, the manual inspection can't realize carbon brush on-line monitoring and early warning of trouble, be difficult to in time handle and get rid of the potential safety hazard, bring very big potential safety hazard for the unit operation.

The invention discloses an invention patent with application publication number CN108879273A named as a temperature current and abrasion on-line monitor of a carbon brush of a thermal generator on 23.11.2018 by the national intellectual property office, and discloses an on-line monitor of the temperature current and the abrasion of the carbon brush of the thermal generator, which comprises a current intensity sensor arranged on a brush braid of each carbon brush and used for acquiring the current intensity of the brush braid of each carbon brush; the current intensity sensor is connected with the data collection processor through a current signal wire; arranging a temperature sensor corresponding to each carbon brush, and transmitting and inputting a temperature signal at the front end of the carbon brush and calculating; arranging a wear monitoring line in each carbon brush, wherein the wear monitoring line is insulated from the carbon brush; the distance from the front end of the wear monitoring line to the front end of the carbon brush is smaller than the distance from the front end of the braid to the front end of the carbon brush; the abrasion monitoring line is connected with the data collection processor through an abrasion signal line, and the data collection processor is connected with the data receiving and alarming device in a wired connection or wireless sending mode. However, it has the following problems: the carbon brush abrasion line needs to be pre-buried in advance and specially customized, the structure is complex, the use cost is high, and if the abrasion line and the carbon brush are poorly insulated, a detection signal cannot be transmitted or an abrasion detection unit is burnt; each carbon brush abrasion line needs to be led out independently through an abrasion signal line, so that more cables are easy to cause collision and abrasion damage, the operating space at the position of a carbon brush collecting ring device is extremely limited, the workload of installing and wiring is large and the operation is difficult, and the carbon brushes need to be re-wired when being maintained and replaced, so that poor wiring is easy to cause by misoperation of personnel; the temperature detection unit adopts a temperature sensor directly contacted with the carbon brush, when the collecting ring runs at a high speed, the carbon brush can vibrate continuously, the contact temperature sensor and the carbon brush can vibrate and rub, and the sensor is possibly damaged, and the accuracy and the reliability of temperature measurement need to be studied.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects and problems in the prior art, the invention aims to solve the technical problem of designing a novel intelligent carbon brush device which can be used for a non-salient pole type motor carbon brush and is provided with an integrated online monitoring system.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a novel intelligent carbon brush device comprises a brush box, wherein a plurality of carbon brush chambers are arranged in the brush box, carbon brushes are arranged in the carbon brush chambers, and the rear ends of the carbon brushes are provided with pushing devices; a metal polar plate is attached to the inner wall of the carbon brush chamber, and an insulating medium is arranged between the polar plate and the carbon brush to form a capacitor; a temperature sensor is arranged on the wall of the carbon brush chamber, and a current intensity sensor is arranged at the braid of the carbon brush; the capacitance signal of the polar plate, the temperature signal of the temperature sensor and the current intensity signal of the current intensity sensor are collected and processed and then transmitted to a monitoring terminal or an alarm device.

Furthermore, the carbon brush device also comprises a handle, the handle is connected with an assembly shaft, a support and a signal collector are sleeved on the assembly shaft, and the brush box is assembled on the support; one end of the assembling shaft is provided with a convex shoulder, the other end of the assembling shaft is in threaded connection with the handle, and the support and the signal collector are clamped and fixed between the convex shoulder and the handle.

Furthermore, a shoulder pole spring and a carbon brush retaining plate are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the support, a flanging is arranged at the front end of the carbon brush retaining plate and buckled at the front end of the brush box, and the carbon brush can be retained in the brush box.

Furthermore, the capacitance signal of the polar plate, the temperature signal of the temperature sensor and the current intensity signal of the current intensity sensor are transmitted to the signal collector in a wireless or wired transmission mode for collection and processing, and then transmitted to the monitoring terminal or the alarm device in a wireless or wired transmission mode. Wireless signal transmission and data processing are prior art and are not described in detail.

Furthermore, an electrode plate groove is formed in the inner wall of the carbon brush chamber, a capacitor bottom plate is arranged in the electrode plate groove, and the electrode plate is fixed on the capacitor bottom plate; the pushing device is a coil spring, the outer end part of the coil spring is fixed on the capacitor bottom plate, and the rear end of the carbon brush abuts against the coil spring to enable the coil spring to be unfolded when the carbon brush is installed.

Furthermore, a through hole is formed in the wall of the carbon brush chamber, which is close to the front end of the carbon brush, the temperature sensor is a surface-mounted pocket-sized temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is connected with a flexible heat conducting element, and the flexible heat conducting element penetrates through the through hole to be in contact with the carbon brush so as to conduct the temperature of the carbon brush to the temperature sensor.

Further, the carbon brush is arranged opposite to the pole, and the relative area of the carbon brush is gradually reduced in the forward sliding process.

Furthermore, the polar plate is plated with an insulating material, and the insulating material is used as an insulating medium of the capacitor.

The invention adopts the capacitance principle to measure the carbon brush abrasion, and only needs to arrange an electrode plate groove in each carbon brush chamber of the original brush box, and place a metal electrode plate plated with an insulating material in the electrode plate groove, so that a capacitor can be formed between the carbon brush and the electrode plate. Along with the abrasion of the carbon brush, the relative area between the carbon brush and the polar plate is changed, the size of the capacitor is changed, and an external monitoring terminal or an alarm device can judge the abrasion degree of the carbon brush according to the capacitance signal. The carbon brush abrasion loss signals in the carbon brush chambers can be led out to the signal collector through a signal wire in a concentrated mode, and then are transmitted into the monitoring terminal or the alarm device through a wireless transmission mode, so that the number of cables is reduced, and wiring is simpler and more reliable. The whole wear monitoring unit is higher in integration level, simpler in structure, free of changing a carbon brush structure, very suitable for a brush box structure with compact space, controllable in measurement precision, capable of eliminating interference of environmental factors, easy to install, long in service life and stronger in practicability.

The invention adopts a patch type pocket-sized temperature sensor to measure the temperature of the carbon brush, the sensor is a tiny film type thermal resistor or thermocouple element, a firm and durable laminated insulation structure is adopted, the sensor is suitable for extreme environments, the sensor is arranged at a corresponding position close to the front end of the carbon brush, the temperature of the carbon brush is conducted to the temperature sensor through the flexible heat conduction element, and the temperature signal is transmitted to the signal collector in a wireless transmission mode. The sensor can be customized in shape and size, is convenient to install, does not need to change the brush box and the carbon brush structure, is high in measurement precision and rapid in temperature measurement response, can detect the highest temperature point of the carbon brush, and reduces the installation number of the carbon brush temperature sensors. Meanwhile, due to the arrangement of the flexible heat conducting element, direct contact between the sensor and the carbon brush is avoided, and the accuracy and the reliability of temperature measurement are guaranteed.

The current intensity sensor is used for measuring the current of the carbon brushes, the semi-annular current intensity sensor element is arranged at the braid position of each carbon brush, the current intensity sensor can be reliably fixed in an adhesive or buckling mode, the sensor is wide in measuring range, high in tracking speed, high in linearity, quick in response, capable of measuring any waveform current at the same time and high in practicability, and the current intensity signal of each carbon brush can be transmitted to a monitoring terminal or an alarm device in a wireless transmission mode.

According to the invention, the basic structures of the traditional brush box and the carbon brush are kept, the complex structural design change is avoided, the non-invasive installation is carried out on the original structure, and the on-line monitoring of the abrasion, the temperature and the current of the carbon brush can be realized by means of the small structural change of the brush box and the adoption of functional components which are smaller, mature, reliable and higher in integration degree. On the premise of ensuring the monitoring effect, the wiring simplification of the carbon brush device on the structure can be realized through the integration of the signal wire and the application of a wireless transmission mode, and the carbon brush device is particularly suitable for installation at a collecting ring brush holder with limited space. The carbon brush device has the advantages that through reasonable structural design, optimization of the installation position and integrated design of the monitoring unit, the carbon brush device is more economical, convenient and practical in practical engineering application.

Drawings

The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the assembly of the handle and the assembly shaft;

FIG. 3 is an assembled view of the handle, the assembly shaft, the signal collector and the support;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the brush box;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the assembly of the capacitor bottom plate, coil spring and plates;

fig. 6 is an assembly view of the brush box, the carbon brush holder plate, and the shoulder pole spring.

Description of reference numerals:

1-brush box, 2-carbon brush, 3-coil spring, 4-signal collector, 5-handle, 6-support, 7-shoulder pole spring, 8-carbon brush holding plate, 9-capacitor bottom plate, 10-pole plate, 11-temperature sensor, 12-heat conducting element, 13-assembly shaft and 14-pole plate groove.

Detailed Description

All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.

Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.

The invention relates to a novel intelligent carbon brush device which comprises a brush box, wherein a plurality of carbon brush chambers are arranged in the brush box, carbon brushes are arranged in the carbon brush chambers, and the rear ends of the carbon brushes are provided with pushing devices; a metal polar plate is attached to the inner wall of the carbon brush chamber, and an insulating medium is arranged between the polar plate and the carbon brush to form a capacitor; a temperature sensor is arranged on the wall of the carbon brush chamber, and a current intensity sensor is arranged at the braid of the carbon brush; the capacitance signal of the polar plate, the temperature signal of the temperature sensor and the current intensity signal of the current intensity sensor are transmitted to the signal collector in a wireless or wired transmission mode for collection and processing, and then transmitted to the monitoring terminal or the alarm device in a wireless transmission mode.

Through the improvement of the structure, the installation of the functional module and the application of wireless signal transmission, the carbon brush wear loss, the carbon brush temperature and the carbon brush current can be monitored in real time, signals are acquired, signals are transmitted wirelessly and the like, the practicability and the reliability of the carbon brush device are improved, the auxiliary equipment and circuits are simplified, convenience is brought to later-stage operation and maintenance, and a foundation is laid for the machine set to realize intellectualization and unattended operation.