Turning method of cylindrical stepped thin-wall part
阅读说明：本技术 一种筒形阶梯薄壁件零件的车削方法 (Turning method of cylindrical stepped thin-wall part ) 是由 陈伟 张帆 张雪艳 钱子栋 杨成龙 于 2019-10-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种筒形阶梯薄壁零件的车削方法,该方法在粗加工时预留外圆环槽和内孔台阶,然后再夹持小外圆时精镗大孔、精车大外圆,夹持大外圆时精镗小孔、精车小外圆,并利用泡棉胶、高密度泡沫块等材料在筒形阶梯薄壁零件的车削时起到缓震效果,既能利用预留的外圆环槽及内孔台阶提前释放应力,又能减小精加工一端时对另一端尺寸精度的影响,从而达到减小零件变形,提高尺寸精度,且属较经济型发明,适合新产品小批量生产。(The invention discloses a turning method of a cylindrical stepped thin-wall part, which is characterized in that an outer circular ring groove and an inner hole step are reserved during rough machining, then a large hole is finely bored when a small outer circle is clamped, a large outer circle is finely turned, a small hole is finely bored when a large outer circle is clamped, a small outer circle is finely turned, and materials such as foam rubber, a high-density foam block and the like are utilized to play a role in shock absorption during turning of the cylindrical stepped thin-wall part, so that stress can be released in advance by using the reserved outer circular ring groove and the inner hole step, the influence on the size precision of the other end when one end is finely machined can be reduced, the deformation of the part can be reduced, the size precision can be improved, and the turning method.)
1. A turning method of a cylindrical stepped thin-wall part is used for machining and manufacturing the cylindrical stepped thin-wall part, and the precision requirement of the cylindrical stepped thin-wall part is as follows: the coaxiality of the outer circle and the inner hole is 0.05mm, and the wall thickness is 2 mm; the form and position tolerance requirements of the cylindrical stepped thin-wall part are as follows: the excircle has 8-grade tolerance and the inner hole has 7-grade tolerance; the turning method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, cutting the external circular ring groove at the external circular step during rough machining
Roughly machining a blank, machining the total length L to the size of a finished product, clamping one end of the excircle of the blank, roughly turning a small excircle (1) at the other end, and reserving 5-10 mm of allowance for finish machining clamping;
roughly boring a small hole (2), reserving single-side allowance for the diameter phi D of the small hole, reserving an inner hole step (4) at the inner hole step, wherein the final size difference between the diameter of the inner hole step section and the diameter phi D of the small hole is 0.6-1 mm, and cutting an outer circular ring groove (3) at the outer circular step; the final size difference value of the diameter phi E of the outer circular groove and the diameter phi C of the small outer circle is 0.6 mm-1 mm;
clamping a small outer circle PhiC, roughly turning a large outer circle (5) and roughly boring a large hole (6), reserving single-side margins for the diameter PhiA of the large outer circle and the diameter PhiB of the large hole, and reserving margins for the length L1 of the large hole and the length L2 of the large outer circle;
s2, clamping the small outer circle and finely boring the big hole
Clamping the reserved outer circle of the small outer circle PhiC, winding a damping material on the surface of the reserved outer circle of the large outer circle PhiA, and finely boring a large hole PhiB and a large hole length L1 to reach the size of a finished product;
s3, clamping the small outer circle and finely turning the large outer circle
Clamping the reserved outer circle of the small outer circle phi C, ensuring that the inner hole of the large hole phi B jumps to be not more than 0.03mm, filling a high-density foam block (9) with an interference fit size into the large hole phi B, and finely turning the large outer circle phi A to the size of a finished product;
s4, clamping the big outer circle and finely boring the small hole
Clamping a large outer circle phi A, inserting a plug (10) with a clearance fit size into a phi B inner hole, ensuring that the fit clearance is less than 0.05mm and the phi B inner hole runout is not more than 0.03mm, and finely boring a small hole phi D to the size of a finished product;
s5, clamping the big outer circle and finely turning the small outer circle
And clamping the large outer circle PhiA, inserting a high-density foam block (9) with interference fit size into the small hole PhiD, finely turning the small outer circle PhiC to the size of a finished product, and determining the length of the small outer circle PhiC to ensure that the length L2 of the large outer circle is equal to the size of the finished product.
2. The turning method of the cylindrical stepped thin-wall part according to claim 1, wherein the single-sided allowance of the large outer circle phi A is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the single-sided allowance of the large hole phi B is 0.3-0.5 mm.
3. The turning method of the cylindrical stepped thin-wall part according to claim 1, wherein the single-side margin at the step of the small hole Φ D is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the single-side margin at the orifice is 1-2 mm.
4. The turning method of the cylindrical stepped thin-wall part according to claim 1, wherein the allowance of the large hole length L1 is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the allowance of the large outer circle length L2 is 0.3-0.5 mm.
5. The turning method of the cylindrical stepped thin-wall part according to claim 1, characterized in that the compression amount of the high-density foam block (9) is controlled to be 0.3-0.5 mm.
6. The turning method for the cylindrical stepped thin-wall part according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the damping material is foam rubber (8).
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machining processes, and particularly relates to a turning method of a cylindrical stepped thin-wall part.
Background
The manufacturing industry in China is rapidly developing, the demand of high-precision thin-wall parts is more and more high, and because the parts have the characteristics of poor rigidity, light weight, high requirement on dimensional precision and high possibility of deformation during processing, a plurality of lightening holes possibly exist on the thin wall, the rigidity is poorer, so that the cutter is easy to vibrate during finish processing, the surface quality of the parts cannot be effectively controlled, the product qualification rate is not high, and even the precision of an assembly part is influenced.
At present, in order to overcome the problems of easy deformation, vibration and the like in the machining of parts, most manufacturers only improve fixtures, such as some damping devices, mandrels and other fixtures, but the fixtures are usually taken down after the machining is finished, partial stress can be released by the parts, the parts deform, and the parts cannot meet the requirements of engineering patterns.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of easy deformation and vibration in the turning process of the conventional cylindrical stepped thin-wall part, the invention aims to provide the turning method of the cylindrical stepped thin-wall part, which can release stress of the part in advance, reduce the deformation of the part and improve the dimensional precision.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a turning method of a cylindrical stepped thin-wall part is used for machining and manufacturing the cylindrical stepped thin-wall part, and the precision requirement of the cylindrical stepped thin-wall part is as follows: the coaxiality of the outer circle and the inner hole is 0.05mm, and the wall thickness is 2 mm; the form and position tolerance requirements of the cylindrical stepped thin-wall part are as follows: the excircle has 8-grade tolerance and the inner hole has 7-grade tolerance; the turning method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, cutting the external circular ring groove at the external circular step during rough machining
Roughly machining a blank, machining the total length L to the size of a finished product, clamping one end of the excircle of the blank, roughly turning a small excircle at the other end, and reserving a margin of 5-10 mm for finish machining clamping;
roughly boring a small hole, reserving single-side allowance for the diameter phi D of the small hole, reserving an inner hole step at the inner hole step, setting the final size difference between the diameter of the inner hole step section and the diameter phi D of the small hole to be 0.6-1 mm, and cutting an outer circular ring groove at the outer circular step; the final size difference value of the diameter phi E of the outer circular groove and the diameter phi C of the small outer circle is 0.6 mm-1 mm;
clamping a small outer circle PhiC, roughly turning a large outer circle, roughly boring a large hole, reserving single-side margins for the diameter PhiA of the large outer circle and the diameter PhiB of the large hole, and reserving margins for the length L1 of the large hole and the length L2 of the large outer circle.
S2, clamping the small outer circle and finely boring the big hole
Clamping the reserved outer circle of the small outer circle PhiC, winding a damping material on the surface of the reserved outer circle of the large outer circle PhiA, and finely boring a large hole PhiB and a large hole length L1 to reach the size of a finished product;
s3, clamping the small outer circle and finely turning the large outer circle
Clamping the reserved outer circle of the small outer circle PhiC, ensuring that the inner hole of the large hole PhiB jumps to be not more than 0.03mm, filling a high-density foam block with an interference fit size into the large hole PhiB, and finely turning the large outer circle PhiA to the size of a finished product;
s4, clamping the big outer circle and finely boring the small hole
Clamping a large outer circle PhiA, inserting a plug with clearance fit size into a PhiB inner hole, ensuring that the fit clearance is less than 0.05mm, the jumping of the PhiB inner hole is not more than 0.03mm, and finely boring a small hole with the diameter PhiD to the size of a finished product;
s5, clamping the big outer circle and finely turning the small outer circle
And clamping the large outer circle PhiA, inserting a high-density foam block with interference fit size into the small hole PhiD, finely turning the small outer circle PhiC to the size of a finished product, and determining the length of the small outer circle PhiC to ensure that the length L2 of the large outer circle is equal to the size of the finished product.
The turning method is characterized in that when the blank is roughly processed to a reserved semi-finished product: cutting a ring groove at the outer circle step, and reserving an inner hole step at the inner hole step; in the finish machining: the method ensures the coaxiality and tolerance precision requirements of the outer circle and the inner hole by being matched with a damping material or a metal plug.
Preferably, the single-side allowance of the large outer circle phi A is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the single-side allowance of the large hole phi B is 0.3-0.5 mm.
Preferably, the single-side allowance at the step of the small hole phi D is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the single-side allowance at the orifice is 1-2 mm.
Preferably, the allowance of the large hole length L1 is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the allowance of the large outer circle length L2 is 0.3-0.5 mm.
Preferably, the compression amount of the high-density foam block is controlled to be 0.3-0.5 mm.
Preferably, the shock absorption material is foam cotton rubber.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can play a role in cushioning when turning the cylindrical stepped thin-wall part, can utilize the reserved outer circular ring groove and the inner hole step to release stress in advance, and can reduce the influence on the dimensional accuracy of the other end when finish machining is carried out on one end, thereby achieving the purposes of reducing the deformation of the part and improving the dimensional accuracy, belonging to an economical invention and being suitable for small-batch production of new products.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cylindrical stepped thin-walled part of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an engineering drawing of a cylindrical stepped thin-walled part of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a blank of the present invention during roughing;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the clamp during fine boring of a large hole according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the clamp for fine turning of a large outer circle according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the clamp during fine boring of small holes according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the present invention illustrating the clamping of the finish turning small outer circle;
FIG. 8 is a engineering drawing of a cylindrical stepped thin-walled part according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a semi-finished product during rough machining according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure
1-small excircle; 2-small holes; 3-outer circular ring groove; 4-inner hole step; 5-large excircle; 6-macropore;
7-a three-jaw chuck; 8-soaking the cotton glue; 9-high density foam block; 10-plug.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. For convenience of description, the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" in the following description are used only to indicate the correspondence between the upper, lower, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.
A turning method of a cylindrical stepped thin-wall part is used for machining and manufacturing the cylindrical stepped thin-wall part, the structural schematic diagram of the cylindrical stepped thin-wall part is shown in figure 1 and comprises a small outer circle 1, a small hole 2, a large
The turning method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, cutting the external circular ring groove at the external circular step during rough machining
Roughly machining the blank, machining the total length L to the size of a finished product as shown in figure 3, clamping one end of the excircle of the blank, roughly turning a small excircle 1 at the other end, and reserving a margin of 5-10 mm for finish machining clamping;
roughly boring a small hole 2, reserving 1-2 mm of single-side allowance for the diameter phi D of the small hole, reserving an inner hole step 4 at the inner hole step, wherein the final size difference between the diameter of the inner hole step section and the diameter phi D of the small hole is 0.6-1 mm, and cutting an outer circular ring groove 3 at the outer circular step; the final size difference value of the diameter phi E of the outer circular groove and the diameter phi C of the small outer circle is 0.6 mm-1 mm;
clamping a small outer circle PhiC, roughly turning a large
S2, clamping the small outer circle and finely boring the big hole
As shown in fig. 4, the reserved outer circle of the small outer circle Φ C is clamped, the foam rubber 8 is wound on the surface of the reserved outer circle of the large outer circle Φ a, and the large hole Φ B and the large hole length L1 are finely bored to reach the size of a finished product.
S3, clamping the small outer circle and finely turning the large outer circle
As shown in fig. 5, the reserved outer circle of the small outer circle phi C is clamped, the inner hole of the large hole phi B is guaranteed to jump not more than 0.03mm, a high-density foam block 9 with interference fit size is inserted into the large hole phi B, the compression amount of the high-density foam block is controlled to be 0.3-0.5 mm, and the large outer circle phi A is finely turned to the size of a finished product.
S4, clamping the big outer circle and finely boring the small hole
As shown in fig. 6, a large outer circle Φ a is clamped, a plug with clearance fit size is plugged into an inner hole Φ B, the fit clearance is ensured to be less than 0.05mm, the runout of the inner hole Φ B is not more than 0.03mm, and the diameter Φ D of a small hole is finely bored to reach the size of a finished product.
S5, clamping the big outer circle and finely turning the small outer circle
As shown in figure 7, a large outer circle phi A is clamped, a high-density foam block 9 with interference fit size is inserted into a small hole phi D, and the compression amount of the high-density foam block is controlled to be 0.3-0.5 mm. And (5) finely turning the small outer circle phi C to the size of a finished product, and determining the length of the small outer circle phi C to enable the length L2 of the large outer circle to be the size of the finished product.
The turning method is characterized in that when the blank is roughly processed to a reserved semi-finished product: cutting a ring groove at the outer circle step, and reserving an inner hole step at the inner hole step; in the finish machining: the method is matched with a damping material or a
The invention can play a role in cushioning when turning the cylindrical stepped thin-wall part, can utilize the reserved outer circular ring groove and the inner hole step to release stress in advance, and can reduce the influence on the dimensional accuracy of the other end when finish machining is carried out on one end, thereby achieving the purposes of reducing the deformation of the part and improving the dimensional accuracy, belonging to an economical invention and being suitable for small-batch production of new products.
The invention is further described below with reference to specific preferred embodiments, without thereby limiting the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the cylindrical stepped thin-wall part of the present invention, the part has a thinnest wall thickness of 1.5mm and a length of 220mm, and the blank is a bar with the diameter of 150 x 215mm and is made of 15-5 PH.
With reference to fig. 2 and 3, a turning method of a cylindrical stepped thin-wall part is characterized by comprising the following steps in sequence:
(1) rough machining: roughly processing a blank bar to the shape shown in figure 2, processing the bar to the size of a finished product when the total length is 210mm, cutting an outer circular ring groove (the diameter of the circular groove is phi 122.94+ (0.6-1 mm)) at an outer circular step, turning two steps at an inner hole step, and reserving a tubular semi-finished product, wherein the semi-finished product comprises a single-side margin of 0.3-0.5 mm at the length L1, a single-side margin of 0.3-0.5 mm at the L2, a single-side margin of 5-10 mm at the diameter phi C, a single-side margin at the phi D step is 0.3-0.5 mm, a single-side margin at an orifice is 1-2 mm, and a single-side margin of phi A and phi B;
(2) finish machining: clamping the phi 132 excircle, reserving the phi 143.64 excircle surface to wind foam cotton rubber, and finely boring the phi 139.05H7 diameter and the
(3) clamping phi 132 to reserve an excircle, ensuring that the inner hole of phi 139.05mm jumps not more than 0.03mm,
inserting a high-density foam block with a matched size into an inner hole phi 139.05H7, and finely turning the diameter phi 143.05f8 to the size of a finished product;
(4) clamping 143.05f8 excircle, plugging a plug with a matching size in a phi 139.05H7 inner hole, ensuring that the matching clearance is less than 0.05mm, ensuring that the phi 139.05H7 inner hole jumping is not more than 0.03mm, and finely boring the diameter phi 119H7 to the finished product size
(5) Clamping an outer circle of phi 143.05f8, inserting a plug with a matching size into an inner hole of phi 139.05H7, ensuring that a matching clearance is less than 0.05mm, ensuring that the inner hole of phi 139.05H7 jumps not more than 0.03mm, inserting a high-density foam block with an interference matching size into the inner hole of phi 119H7, and finely turning the diameter of phi 122.95f8 to the size of a finished product;
after being processed, the thin-wall part can meet the requirements of the size and form and position tolerance of the preferred embodiment.
The foregoing examples are set forth to illustrate the present invention more clearly and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims to which the invention pertains, as modified in all equivalent forms, by those skilled in the art after reading the present invention.
- 上一篇：一种医用注射器针头装配设备
- 下一篇：一种双耳托板螺钉托板的成型方法