阅读说明：本技术 一种捣固焦炉装煤烟尘处理系统及工艺 (Tamping coke oven coal-charging smoke dust treatment system and process ) 是由 王满 李旭东 杨忠义 王明登 于 2019-12-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种捣固焦炉装煤烟尘处理系统及工艺,所述系统包括煤气切断阀、导烟三通A、烟气切断阀、导烟三通B、干式除尘装置、风机及煤气掺混装置；上升管的中部通过桥管与集气管相连,桥管上设煤气切断阀；上升管的顶部与导烟三通A主管的一个接口相连,主管的另一个接口处设水封阀；导烟三通A的支管通过连接管道一与导烟三通B的支管连接,连接管道一上设烟气切断阀；对应各炭化室的多个导烟三通B的主管通过连接管道二依次串联组成炉顶装煤烟尘管道,炉顶装煤烟尘管道依次连接干式除尘装置、风机及煤气掺混装置。本发明能够避免捣固焦炉装煤过程中产生的烟尘直接导入煤气系统而出现的煤气净化系统及设备顺行不利、焦油产品质量降低等问题。(The invention relates to a coal-charging smoke dust treatment system and a coal-charging smoke dust treatment process for a tamping coke oven, wherein the system comprises a coal gas cut-off valve, a smoke guide tee joint A, a smoke cut-off valve, a smoke guide tee joint B, a dry type dust removal device, a fan and a coal gas mixing device; the middle part of the ascending pipe is connected with the gas collecting pipe through a bridge pipe, and a gas cut-off valve is arranged on the bridge pipe; the top of the ascending pipe is connected with one interface of the main pipe of the smoke guide tee joint A, and the other interface of the main pipe is provided with a water seal valve; the branch pipe of the smoke guide tee joint A is connected with the branch pipe of the smoke guide tee joint B through a first connecting pipeline, and a smoke stop valve is arranged on the first connecting pipeline; the main pipes of the smoke guide tee joints B corresponding to the carbonization chambers are sequentially connected in series through a second connecting pipeline to form a furnace top coal charging smoke dust pipeline, and the furnace top coal charging smoke dust pipeline is sequentially connected with a dry type dust removal device, a fan and a coal gas mixing device. The invention can avoid the problems of unfavorable smooth operation of a gas purification system and equipment, reduced quality of tar products and the like caused by direct introduction of smoke dust generated in the coal charging process of the tamping coke oven into a gas system.)

1. A coal-charging smoke dust treatment system of a tamping coke oven is characterized by comprising a gas cut-off valve, a smoke guide tee joint A, a smoke cut-off valve, a smoke guide tee joint B, a dry type dust removal device, a fan and a gas mixing device; the top of a carbonization chamber of the tamping coke oven is provided with an ascending pipe, the middle part of the ascending pipe is connected with a gas collecting pipe through a bridge pipe, and the bridge pipe is provided with a gas cut-off valve; the top of the ascending pipe is connected with one interface of a main pipe of the smoke guide tee joint A, the main pipe of the smoke guide tee joint A is coaxially arranged with the ascending pipe, and a water seal valve is arranged at the other interface of the main pipe; the branch pipe of the smoke guide tee joint A is connected with the branch pipe of the smoke guide tee joint B through a first connecting pipeline, and a smoke stop valve is arranged on the first connecting pipeline; the main pipes of the smoke guide tee joints B corresponding to the carbonization chambers are sequentially connected in series through a second connecting pipeline to form a furnace top coal charging smoke dust pipeline, and the furnace top coal charging smoke dust pipeline is sequentially connected with a dry type dust removal device, a fan and a gas mixing device through a smoke dust conveying pipeline.

2. The stamp-charging coke oven coal-charging smoke treatment system according to claim 1, further comprising a machine side oven door sealing device; the side furnace door sealing device is arranged on the coal charging car and covers the side furnace door frame when the coal charging car feeds coal cakes into the carbonization chamber through the driving device; the side furnace door sealing device is a closed cover body formed by enclosing an upper sealing plate, a lower sealing plate, a side sealing plate, a front sealing plate and a rear supporting plate, wherein an opening for coal cakes to pass through is formed in the front sealing plate, the number of the rear supporting plates is 2, and the distance between the 2 rear supporting plates and one side edge of the center is larger than the width of a carbonization chamber.

3. The coal-charging smoke dust treatment system of the stamp-charging coke oven as claimed in claim 1, wherein the smoke dust channel and the smoke dust conveying pipeline formed by the smoke guide tee joint A and the smoke guide tee joint B through the first connecting pipeline are both obliquely arranged.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the starting end of the top coal charging flue gas duct is connected to the gas collecting duct via a communicating duct, the communicating duct having a balancing valve.

5. The coal charging smoke dust treatment system of the stamp-charging coke oven as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dry dust removal device is a bag type dust remover, and a coke powder inlet is arranged on the smoke dust conveying pipeline at the upstream of the bag type dust remover and is connected with the conveying pipeline for spraying the powder material in advance; the source of the pre-spraying powder is coke powder collected by coke oven coke discharging dust removal or dry quenching dust removal; compressed nitrogen is adopted for ash removal of the bag type dust collector and conveying of the pre-spraying powder.

6. The tamping coke oven coal-charging smoke dust treatment process based on the system of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) before the operation of loading coal into the carbonization chamber is started, the ascending pipe and the gas collecting pipe of the corresponding carbonization chamber are separated by closing the gas stop valve on the bridge pipe, and the water seal valve is closed at the same time to isolate the ascending pipe from the atmosphere;

2) tightly attaching the machine side furnace door sealing device to the outer side of the machine side furnace door frame through a driving device on the coal charging car;

3) opening a smoke stop valve between a smoke guide tee joint A and a smoke guide tee joint B corresponding to a coking chamber to be charged with coal, so that a corresponding ascending pipe is communicated with a coal charging smoke dust pipeline at the top of the furnace;

4) a large amount of smoke dust generated during coal charging enters the dry dust removal device through an ascending pipe, a smoke guide tee joint A, a smoke stop valve, a smoke guide tee joint B and a coal charging smoke dust pipeline on the top of the furnace in sequence under the action of a fan; conveying the coke powder for pre-spraying into a smoke dust conveying pipeline by using compressed nitrogen; in the dry dust removal device, the filter bag removes coal dust in the flue gas and coke powder adsorbed with tar and other viscous components, the purified flue gas enters a coal gas mixing device under the action of a fan and is sent into a coal gas pipeline for heating the tamping coke oven for supplying heat to the tamping coke oven;

5) after the coal charging is finished, the sealing device of the machine side furnace door is separated from the door frame of the machine side furnace under the driving of the driving device, the machine side furnace door is closed, and the coal gas cut-off valve on the bridge pipe is opened to communicate the ascending pipe corresponding to the carbonization chamber with the gas collecting pipe;

6) and closing the previously opened flue gas stop valve to cut off the passage between the corresponding ascending pipe and the coal charging smoke dust pipeline on the top of the furnace.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of coal coking, in particular to a coal charging smoke dust treatment system and process for a tamping coke oven.

Background

In the coking production, the heat accumulating type coke oven is most widely applied, and the coal charging mode can be generally divided into a top charging coke oven and a tamping coke oven. In either top-loading or stamp-charging coke ovens, the charging of the coal for coking is basically carried out in a hot charging mode, i.e., the coal for coking is charged into the coking chamber under a high-temperature state of the coking chamber. In the coal charging process, the coal material charged into the carbonization chamber is contacted with the hot inner wall of the carbonization chamber or generates a large amount of smoke instantly under the high-temperature environment in the carbonization chamber, and the generated smoke carries a certain amount of coal material particles. In order to prevent or reduce the pollution to the surrounding environment caused by the escape of a large amount of smoke dust from the carbonization chamber in the process of charging coal into the carbonization chamber, the process of smokeless coal charging such as Proven and OPR is generally adopted in the coal charging process, or the process of introducing the smoke dust generated in the coal charging process into the adjacent carbonization chamber by using high-pressure ammonia water injection, then entering a gas purification system, and purifying by using a coal charging dust removal system after collecting the smoke dust escaping from the furnace top and the smoke dust escaping from the furnace door at the machine side is combined.

The smokeless coal charging process of Proven, OPR and the like is characterized in that micro negative pressure is formed in a carbonization chamber by improving the suction force of a coke oven gas collecting pipe, and a large amount of smoke generated during coal charging is led into the gas collecting pipe through an ascending pipe and a bridge pipe which are communicated with the coke oven gas collecting pipe, so that smokeless coal charging operation is realized. In the process, although the flue gas generated during coal charging is introduced into the gas system, the carried coal dust is also brought into the gas system, when the flue gas passes through the bridge pipe, most of the coal dust is washed by ammonia water used for gas cooling and enters tar along with tar ammonia water, tar slag is formed in the subsequent tar ammonia water separation process, and a part of the coal dust enters a subsequent primary cooler and an electric tar precipitator, so that the running resistance of the primary cooler is increased, the cooling efficiency of the primary cooler is reduced, meanwhile, the quality of the tar is reduced due to the fact that the coal dust enters the tar, and a certain amount of tar slag needing special treatment is generated.

The smoke dust produced in coal charging is guided to the adjacent carbonization chamber by high-pressure ammonia water injection and then enters a coal gas purification system, and is combined with the process of purifying the smoke dust escaping from the top of the furnace and the smoke dust escaping from the side furnace door by adopting a coal charging dust removal system after being collected, on one hand, the smoke guide hole at the top of the carbonization chamber is communicated with the smoke guide hole at the top of the adjacent carbonization chamber by utilizing a U-shaped pipe smoke guide vehicle when in coal charging so as to guide the smoke dust produced in coal charging into the adjacent carbonization chamber, and meanwhile, the coal charging smoke dust collecting facility arranged on the coal charging vehicle or arranged above the side furnace door is used for collecting the coal charging smoke dust escaping from the outside, and then the collected smoke dust is sent into the coal charging dust removal system through a dust removal pipeline for purification treatment, therefore, the corresponding coal charging smoke guide vehicle, coal charging dust removal ground station system or vehicle-mounted coal charging dust removal system is required to be constructed, and, The efficiency of the system for catching the coal-charging smoke dust is not satisfactory at present due to power media such as steam, electric energy and the like. On the other hand, a high-pressure ammonia water injection facility needs to be arranged at the bridge pipe corresponding to the coal charging carbonization chamber or the bridge pipe corresponding to the adjacent carbonization chamber, most of smoke dust generated in the coal charging process is guided into the gas collecting pipe through the ascending pipe and the bridge pipe by utilizing the suction force formed by high-pressure ammonia water injection, so that a high-pressure ammonia water system needs to be arranged, and when the high-pressure ammonia water system consumes a certain amount of electric energy during operation, the coal dust brought into the gas system still brings the above-mentioned adverse effects to a subsequent gas purification system and reduces the quality of tar and other related problems.

From the whole coking process, if the flue gas generated during coal charging is completely recycled, about 2-4% of coal gas can be recycled. The existing coal-charging smoke dust treatment process has the problems that the effective recovery of coal gas resources is realized although part or all of flue gas generated during coal charging is guided into a coal gas system, the temperature of the flue gas is low, the moisture content in the flue gas is high, the effective coal gas components are not high, and meanwhile, the content of oxygen in the flue gas can be increased due to the suction force generated by the flue gas guide-in system, so that certain threat is brought to the safe operation of a subsequent coal gas purification system.

In summary, in order to effectively avoid the above problems caused by the coal-charging smoke dust treatment in the coal charging process, improve the smoothness and tar quality of the gas purification system, and promote the popularization and implementation of energy-saving technologies such as coal moisture control, it is necessary to develop a new coal-charging smoke dust treatment process by adopting new technical routes and technical means for the smoke dust generated in the coal charging process.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a coal-charging smoke dust treatment system and process for a tamping coke oven, which can effectively avoid the problems of unfavorable smooth operation of a coal gas purification system and equipment, reduced quality of tar products and the like caused by the fact that smoke dust generated in the coal charging process of the tamping coke oven is directly introduced into a coal gas system.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a coal-charging smoke dust treatment system of a tamping coke oven comprises a gas cut-off valve, a smoke guide tee joint A, a smoke cut-off valve, a smoke guide tee joint B, a dry type dust removal device, a fan and a gas mixing device; the top of a carbonization chamber of the tamping coke oven is provided with an ascending pipe, the middle part of the ascending pipe is connected with a gas collecting pipe through a bridge pipe, and the bridge pipe is provided with a gas cut-off valve; the top of the ascending pipe is connected with one interface of a main pipe of the smoke guide tee joint A, the main pipe of the smoke guide tee joint A is coaxially arranged with the ascending pipe, and a water seal valve is arranged at the other interface of the main pipe; the branch pipe of the smoke guide tee joint A is connected with the branch pipe of the smoke guide tee joint B through a first connecting pipeline, and a smoke stop valve is arranged on the first connecting pipeline; the main pipes of the smoke guide tee joints B corresponding to the carbonization chambers are sequentially connected in series through a second connecting pipeline to form a furnace top coal charging smoke dust pipeline, and the furnace top coal charging smoke dust pipeline is sequentially connected with a dry type dust removal device, a fan and a gas mixing device through a smoke dust conveying pipeline.

The coal charging smoke dust treatment system of the tamping coke oven also comprises a machine side oven door sealing device; the side furnace door sealing device is arranged on the coal charging car and covers the side furnace door frame when the coal charging car feeds coal cakes into the carbonization chamber through the driving device; the side furnace door sealing device is a closed cover body formed by enclosing an upper sealing plate, a lower sealing plate, a side sealing plate, a front sealing plate and a rear supporting plate, wherein an opening for coal cakes to pass through is formed in the front sealing plate, the number of the rear supporting plates is 2, and the distance between the 2 rear supporting plates and one side edge of the center is larger than the width of a carbonization chamber.

And the smoke dust channel and the smoke dust conveying pipeline which are formed by the smoke guide tee joint A and the smoke guide tee joint B through the connecting pipeline I are obliquely arranged.

Along the flowing direction of the smoke dust, the starting end of the coal-charging smoke dust pipeline at the top of the furnace is communicated with a gas collecting pipe through a communicating pipe, and a balance valve is arranged on the communicating pipe.

The dry dust removal device is a bag type dust remover, and a dust conveying pipeline at the upstream of the bag type dust remover is provided with a coke powder inlet which is connected with a conveying pipeline for spraying powder in advance; the source of the pre-spraying powder is coke powder collected by coke oven coke discharging dust removal or dry quenching dust removal; compressed nitrogen is adopted for ash removal of the bag type dust collector and conveying of the pre-spraying powder.

A coal charging smoke dust treatment process of a tamping coke oven comprises the following steps:

1) before the operation of loading coal into the carbonization chamber is started, the ascending pipe and the gas collecting pipe of the corresponding carbonization chamber are separated by closing the gas stop valve on the bridge pipe, and the water seal valve is closed at the same time to isolate the ascending pipe from the atmosphere;

2) tightly attaching the machine side furnace door sealing device to the outer side of the machine side furnace door frame through a driving device on the coal charging car;

3) opening a smoke stop valve between a smoke guide tee joint A and a smoke guide tee joint B corresponding to a coking chamber to be charged with coal, so that a corresponding ascending pipe is communicated with a coal charging smoke dust pipeline at the top of the furnace;

4) a large amount of smoke dust generated during coal charging enters the dry dust removal device through an ascending pipe, a smoke guide tee joint A, a smoke stop valve, a smoke guide tee joint B and a coal charging smoke dust pipeline on the top of the furnace in sequence under the action of a fan; conveying the coke powder for pre-spraying into a smoke dust conveying pipeline by using compressed nitrogen; in the dry dust removal device, the filter bag removes coal dust in the flue gas and coke powder adsorbed with tar and other viscous components, the purified flue gas enters a coal gas mixing device under the action of a fan and is sent into a coal gas pipeline for heating the tamping coke oven for supplying heat to the tamping coke oven;

5) after the coal charging is finished, the sealing device of the machine side furnace door is separated from the door frame of the machine side furnace under the driving of the driving device, the machine side furnace door is closed, and the coal gas cut-off valve on the bridge pipe is opened to communicate the ascending pipe corresponding to the carbonization chamber with the gas collecting pipe;

6) and closing the previously opened flue gas stop valve to cut off the passage between the corresponding ascending pipe and the coal charging smoke dust pipeline on the top of the furnace.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) the smooth capability of the gas purification system is improved, and the quality of the gas and the tar is improved;

the flue gas with a large amount of coal dust generated in the coal charging process of the coke oven is separately collected and treated, so that the flue gas with a large amount of coal dust is prevented from entering a gas purification system, factors of resistance increase and cooling capacity reduction of a gas primary cooling device caused by the coal dust carried in the flue gas are eliminated, the smooth capacity of the gas purification system is improved, the quality of the gas and the quality of the collected tar are improved, and the generation of tar residues is reduced.

2) The coal charging smoke dust treatment investment and the operation cost are reduced;

the smoke with a large amount of coal dust generated during the coal charging of the coke oven is separately collected and treated, so that a smokeless coal charging system such as high-pressure ammonia water, Proven, OPR and the like, a coal charging smoke guide vehicle, a furnace top smoke guide hole and other facilities are omitted, a dry dust removal device is utilized, and the application of a pre-spraying process is combined, so that the smoke dust can be effectively purified, the secondary pollution of water caused by wet dust removal is avoided, and the investment of project construction and the energy consumption of long-term operation of the system can be remarkably reduced.

3) The coal gas resource is fully utilized, and the consumption of high-quality coal gas is reduced;

the flue gas with a large amount of coal dust generated during the coal charging of the coke oven is separately collected and processed and then supplied to the coke oven heating system, so that the effective utilization of low-quality coal gas resources is realized, the consumption of high-quality coke oven gas is reduced, and certain economic benefits are achieved.

4) The running safety of the gas purification system is improved;

compared with the prior art that the suction force generated by spraying high-pressure ammonia water or the suction force in the gas collecting pipe is improved to guide the smoke generated during coal charging into the gas purification system, the smoke with a large amount of coal dust generated during coal charging of the coke oven is independently collected and treated by the fan, the problem that the safety of the gas purification system is seriously threatened due to the fact that the oxygen content in the gas purification system exceeds the standard caused by the overlarge suction force of the smoke collection system is not considered, the generated smoke is effectively collected in the coal charging process, and meanwhile, the operation safety of the gas purification system is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coal-charging smoke dust treatment system of a stamp-charging coke oven.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship between the ascending pipe and the gas collecting pipe and between the ascending pipe and the coal-charging flue gas pipe on the top of the furnace.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the working state of the sealing device of the machine side furnace door of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the machine side oven door sealing device of the invention.

In the figure: 1. tamping coke oven 2, machine side oven door sealing device 21, upper sealing plate 22, lower sealing plate 23, side sealing plate 24, front sealing plate 25, rear supporting plate 3, ascending pipe 4, gas stop valve 5, smoke guide tee joint A6, smoke stop valve 7, smoke guide tee joint B8. dry type dust removal device 9, fan 10, gas mixing device 11, balance valve 12, smoke conveying pipeline 13, gas collecting pipe 14, water sealing valve 15, machine side oven door frame 16, oven column 17, briquette

Detailed Description

The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in figure 1, the coal-charging smoke dust treatment system of the tamping coke oven comprises a gas cut-off valve 4, a smoke guide tee A5, a smoke cut-off valve 6, a smoke guide tee B7, a dry dust removal device 8, a fan 9 and a gas mixing device 10; the top of a carbonization chamber of the tamping coke oven 1 is provided with an ascending pipe 3, as shown in figures 1 and 2, the middle part of the ascending pipe 3 is connected with a gas collecting pipe 13 through a bridge pipe, and the bridge pipe is provided with a gas cut-off valve 4; the top of the ascending pipe 3 is connected with one interface of a main pipe of the smoke guide tee joint A5, the main pipe of the smoke guide tee joint A5 is coaxially arranged with the ascending pipe 3, and the other interface of the main pipe is provided with a water seal valve 14; a branch pipe of the smoke guide tee joint A5 is connected with a branch pipe of the smoke guide tee joint B7 through a first connecting pipeline, and a smoke stop valve 6 is arranged on the first connecting pipeline; the main pipes of the smoke guide tee joints B7 corresponding to each carbonization chamber are sequentially connected in series through a second connecting pipeline to form a furnace top coal charging smoke dust pipeline, and the furnace top coal charging smoke dust pipeline is sequentially connected with a dry type dust removal device 8, a fan 9 and a gas mixing device 10 through a smoke dust conveying pipeline 12.

The coal charging smoke dust processing system of the tamping coke oven also comprises a machine side oven door sealing device 2; the side furnace door sealing device 2 is arranged on a coal charging car and covers a side furnace door frame 15 (shown in figure 3) when the coal charging car feeds coal cakes 17 into a carbonization chamber through a driving device; as shown in fig. 4, the sealing device 2 of the oven door on the oven side is a closed cover body enclosed by an upper sealing plate 21, a lower sealing plate 22, a side sealing plate 23, a front sealing plate 24 and a rear support plate 25, wherein the front sealing plate 24 is provided with an opening for the coal cake 17 to pass through, the rear support plate 25 is 2, and the distance between the 2 rear support plates 25 and the edge of one side of the center is larger than the width of the carbonization chamber.

When the side door sealing device 2 is covered on the side door frame 15 under the action of the driving device on the coal charging car, a closed space is formed outside the side fire hole of the carbonization chamber, only the coal cake 17 is allowed to pass through, and the coal charging smoke dust can be effectively prevented from escaping from the side fire hole during the coal charging.

Different from the existing machine side furnace door sealing device, the machine side furnace door sealing device 2 is directly covered on the machine side furnace door frame 15, and the existing machine side furnace door sealing device is arranged on the furnace column 16, the arrangement mode forms a space which is opened up and down between the machine side furnace opening and the machine side furnace door sealing cover, the space which is opened up is communicated with the machine side furnace door smoke dust collecting cover arranged between the furnace column 16 above the furnace door, under the action of a dust removing ground station fan, a large amount of ambient air can be sucked from the space which is opened down, and the ambient air is converged with smoke which escapes from the machine side furnace opening in the rising process and then enters the dust removing ground station through the machine side furnace door smoke dust collecting cover. The invention adopts the machine side furnace door sealing device 2 directly covered on the machine side furnace door frame 15, the upper, lower, left and right parts of the machine side furnace door sealing device are both of a closed structure, only the middle part of the machine side furnace door sealing device is provided with an opening for coal cakes to pass through, smoke dust generated in a carbonization chamber can be effectively closed in the carbonization chamber, and sufficient negative pressure is generated at the gap between the machine side furnace door sealing device 2 and the coal cakes under the action of the fan 9, thereby effectively preventing the smoke dust from escaping outwards, reducing the doping of ambient air and improving the safety of a coal-charging smoke dust collecting system.

The smoke channel formed by the smoke guide tee joint A5 and the smoke guide tee joint B7 through the connecting pipeline I and the smoke conveying pipeline 12 are obliquely arranged, so that the blockage of the smoke channel due to the deposition of coal dust in the coal-charging smoke in the smoke channel can be avoided.

Along the flowing direction of the smoke dust, the starting end of the coal-charging smoke dust pipeline at the top of the furnace is communicated with a gas collecting pipe 13 through a communicating pipe, and a balance valve 11 is arranged on the communicating pipe. By arranging the balance valve 11, the possible surge problem of the fan 9 during operation is eliminated, and the safety and stability of the operation of the fan 9 are guaranteed.

The dry dust removal device 8 is a bag type dust remover, and a coke powder inlet is arranged on a smoke dust conveying pipeline 12 at the upstream of the bag type dust remover and is connected with a conveying pipeline for spraying powder materials in advance; the source of the pre-spraying powder is coke powder collected by coke oven coke discharging dust removal or dry quenching dust removal; compressed nitrogen is adopted for ash removal of the bag type dust collector and conveying of the pre-sprayed powder, so that the explosion wind property of the system caused by the fact that the oxygen content in smoke is increased due to the adoption of compressed air can be avoided.

A coal charging smoke dust treatment process of a tamping coke oven comprises the following steps:

1) before the operation of loading coal into the carbonization chamber is started, the ascending pipe 3 of the corresponding carbonization chamber is separated from the gas collecting pipe 13 by closing the gas stop valve 4 on the bridge pipe, and the water seal valve 14 is closed at the same time, so that the ascending pipe 3 is isolated from the atmosphere; coal-charging smoke dust generated during coal charging is prevented from entering the coal gas purification system by mistake;

2) tightly attaching the machine side furnace door sealing device 2 to the outer side of the machine side furnace door frame 15 through a driving device on the coal charging car; coal-charging smoke dust generated in the coking chamber is guaranteed to escape to the periphery of the tamping coke oven 1 through the side oven port of the coking chamber during coal charging so as to cause environmental pollution;

3) opening a flue gas cut-off valve 6 between a smoke guide tee joint A5 and a smoke guide tee joint B7 corresponding to a coking chamber to be charged with coal, so that the corresponding ascending pipe 3 is communicated with a coal charging smoke dust pipeline on the top of the furnace; at the moment, under the action of the fan 9, a certain negative pressure is formed in the carbonization chamber, which is beneficial to effectively catching coal-charging smoke dust generated during coal charging;

4) a large amount of smoke generated during coal charging enters a dry dust removal device 8 through an ascending pipe 3, a smoke guide tee A5, a smoke stop valve 6, a smoke guide tee B7 and a coal charging smoke pipeline on the top of the furnace in sequence under the action of a fan 9; sending the coke powder for pre-spraying into a smoke dust conveying pipeline 12 by using compressed nitrogen; in the dry dust removal device 8, the filter bag removes coal dust in the flue gas and coke powder adsorbed with tar and other viscous components, the purified flue gas enters a coal gas mixing device 10 under the action of a fan 9 and is sent into a coal gas pipeline for heating the tamping coke oven for supplying heat to the tamping coke oven 1;

the coke powder is sent into a smoke dust conveying pipeline 12 by utilizing compressed nitrogen, the coke powder in the smoke dust conveying pipeline 12 is fully contacted with viscous components such as tar carried in smoke dust, the viscous components such as the tar are adsorbed on coke powder particles and enter a dry dust removal device 8 along with air flow, in the dry dust removal device 8, the coal dust in the smoke and the coke powder adsorbed with the viscous components such as the tar are blocked on the surface of a filter bag and removed, the smoke from which the coal dust is removed enters a coal gas mixing device 10 under the action of a fan 9, and the smoke is sent into a coal gas pipeline for supplying heat to the tamping coke oven 1 through the coal gas mixing device 10. The coal gas mixing device 10 can fully mix the coal-charging flue gas without coal dust with the coal gas heated by the tamping coke oven 1 for combustion heat supply of the coke oven, can replace a part of purified coke oven gas, and realizes full and efficient utilization of coal gas resources.

5) After the coal charging is finished, the machine side furnace door sealing device 2 is separated from the machine side furnace door frame 15 under the driving of the driving device, the machine side furnace door is closed, and the coal gas cut-off valve 4 on the bridge pipe is opened, so that the ascending pipe 3 corresponding to the carbonization chamber is communicated with the gas collecting pipe 13; at the moment, the coal material in the carbonization chamber enters a carbonization process in an oxygen-free environment, and the coal gas generated by carbonization only carries little dust in a stable state of the coal material, so that the adverse effect of the coal gas introduced into a coal gas purification system on subsequent purification treatment facilities caused by the dust is basically eliminated during non-coal charging, and the quality of tar is also certainly greatly improved;

6) and closing the previously opened flue gas stop valve 6 to cut off a channel between the corresponding ascending pipe 3 and the coal charging smoke dust pipeline on the top of the furnace.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.