阅读说明：本技术 一种去除茶油中苯并芘的方法 (Method for removing benzopyrene in tea oil ) 是由 袁成华 于 2019-11-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于食品加工技术领域,具体涉及一种去除茶油中苯并芘的方法。本发明包括以下步骤：(1)制备蒙脱石水热碳复合材料；(2)加入未处理茶油；(3)离心静置；(4)冷冻分层；(5)分离苯并芘。本发明使用的分离材料为蒙脱石水热碳复合材料,其与茶油和苯并芘均不会发生质变的化学反应,对茶油的品质没有影响,不会破坏茶油中的有益成分,也不会造成茶油的损失。同时不会引入新的有害残留物在茶油中造成二次污染,而且苯并芘的去除效率高,可达到90％以上,处理后的茶油样品中苯并芘含量可以达到GB 2716-2005《食用植物油卫生标准》规定范围以下。本发明的方法操作简单,反应时间短,安全有效且经济环保。(The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and particularly relates to a method for removing benzopyrene in tea oil. The invention comprises the following steps: (1) preparing montmorillonite hydrothermal carbon composite material; (2) adding untreated tea oil; (3) centrifuging and standing; (4) freezing and layering; (5) and (5) separating the benzopyrene. The separation material used in the invention is the montmorillonite hydrothermal carbon composite material, which does not have qualitative change chemical reaction with the tea oil and the benzopyrene, has no influence on the quality of the tea oil, does not destroy beneficial components in the tea oil, and does not cause the loss of the tea oil. Meanwhile, new harmful residues cannot be introduced to cause secondary pollution in the tea oil, the removal efficiency of the benzopyrene is high and can reach more than 90%, and the content of the benzopyrene in the treated tea oil sample can reach below the specified range of GB 2716-2005 edible vegetable oil health Standard. The method has the advantages of simple operation, short reaction time, safety, effectiveness, economy and environmental protection.)

1. A method for removing benzopyrene in tea oil is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) preparing montmorillonite hydrothermal carbon composite material:

a. adding montmorillonite into hydrochloric acid according to the mass-to-volume ratio of 1g:20-40ml, stirring, performing suction filtration, washing with deionized water to neutrality, drying at the temperature of 100-;

b. adding distilled water into the acidified montmorillonite, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution 1;

c. adding glucose 2-3 times of the mass of the acidified montmorillonite into the mixed solution 1, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution 2;

d. adding 0.01-0.02mol of ammonium ferrous sulfate into the mixed solution 2, and then uniformly stirring again to obtain a mixed solution 3;

e. reacting the mixed solution 3 at 180 ℃ for 24-36h to obtain a crude product, performing suction filtration, washing the crude product to be neutral by using deionized water, washing away grease by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying at 100-110 ℃ for 2h to obtain the montmorillonite hydrothermal carbon composite material;

(2) adding untreated tea oil: adding 5-10g of the montmorillonite hydrothermal carbon composite material into each liter of untreated tea oil, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;

(3) and (3) centrifugal standing: centrifuging the mixture for 5-10min, taking out and standing for 5-10 min;

(4) freezing and layering: freezing the mixture treated in the step (3) at the temperature of between-2 and-5 ℃ until the mixture is fully condensed to obtain an upper tea oil layer, a middle montmorillonite hydrothermal carbon composite material layer and a lower moisture and residue layer;

(5) separating benzopyrene: and sucking out the upper tea oil layer, and discarding the lower water and residue layer to finish the separation and removal of benzopyrene in the tea oil.

2. The method for removing benzopyrene in tea oil according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of hydrochloric acid in the step (1) -a is 3 mol/L.

3. The method for removing benzopyrene in tea oil according to claim 1, wherein the stirring time in the step (1) -a is 24-48 h.

4. The method for removing benzopyrene in tea oil according to claim 1, wherein the acidified montmorillonite in step (1) -a is ground and then sieved by a 200-mesh sieve.

5. The method for removing benzopyrene in tea oil according to claim 1, wherein distilled water is added to the acidified montmorillonite in the step (1) -b according to the mass-to-volume ratio of 1g to 30-40 ml.

6. The method for removing benzopyrene in tea oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the centrifugation rotation speed in step (3) is 5000-.

7. The method for removing benzopyrene in tea oil according to claim 1, wherein the freezing temperature in the step (4) is-4 ℃.

8. The method for removing benzopyrene in tea oil according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the freezing time in the step (4) is 25-35 min.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and particularly relates to a method for removing benzopyrene in tea oil.

Background

The tea oil is obtained from seeds of Camellia oleifera in Theaceae, called Camellia oleifera seed oil and Camellia oil, and is a unique edible oil of woody plant in China. The content of unsaturated fatty acid in the tea oil is up to 90 percent, wherein the oleic acid is 75 to 83 percent, the linoleic acid is 7.4 to 13 percent, the tea oil is very similar to the olive oil which is the best woody edible vegetable oil recognized in the world, and is called as the oriental olive oil. The tea oil contains various functional components, and has obvious effects of maintaining the functions of cardiovascular systems, improving the immunity of human bodies, reducing cholesterol and preventing and treating hypertension. In addition, the traditional medicine believes that the tea oil has the functions of clearing heat, eliminating dampness, killing parasites and detoxifying, can clear stomach and moisten intestines, and can treat eruptive abdominal pain, acute ascaris obstructive ileus and the like.

Benzopyrenes, also known as 3, 4-benzopyrenes (Benzo (a) pyrene; 3, 4-Benzy). Benzopyrene in the tea oil can be generated in the processes of frying and storing; in order to improve the oil yield, the tea seed cake is subjected to secondary oil extraction by using an extraction solvent in the production process of a refinery, so that benzopyrene residue can be caused; in addition, if the camellia seeds are placed on the asphalt horsetail to be aired, benzopyrene residues in asphalt or automobile exhaust can be adsorbed. Benzopyrene is the most commonly detected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon substance in food. Benzopyrene is the most definite carcinogenic substance in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and belongs to common high-activity indirect carcinogens. GB 2716 and 2005 sanitary Standard for edible vegetable oil clearly stipulates that the maximum upper limit of the content of benzopyrene in the edible oil is 10 mug/kg. With the continuous improvement of health consciousness of people, food safety is concerned more and more. The research and development of a new technology and a new method for removing benzopyrene in tea oil are very important. The existing method for separating benzopyrene from tea oil comprises the following steps: activated carbon adsorption, activated clay adsorption, high temperature vacuum deodorization, etc. However, the traditional methods have low removal rate of benzopyrene, or influence the quality and natural flavor of the tea oil in the high-temperature and high-pressure process. And the benzopyrene is removed by adopting a chemical reagent method, so that the fatty acid structure of the tea oil is easily damaged, and even new residual substances harmful to human bodies can appear.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a method for removing benzopyrene in tea oil, which can obviously improve the removal rate of benzopyrene in tea oil, does not need high-temperature environment for reaction, does not damage the fatty acid structure of tea oil and influence the quality and flavor of tea oil, does not introduce new harmful residues, and is efficient, green and environment-friendly.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method for removing benzopyrene in tea oil comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing montmorillonite hydrothermal carbon composite material:

a. adding montmorillonite into hydrochloric acid according to the mass-to-volume ratio of 1g:20-40ml, stirring, performing suction filtration, washing with deionized water to neutrality, drying at the temperature of 100-;

b. adding distilled water into the acidified montmorillonite, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution 1;

c. adding glucose 2-3 times of the mass of the acidified montmorillonite into the mixed solution 1, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution 2;

d. adding 0.01-0.02mol of ammonium ferrous sulfate into the mixed solution 2, and then uniformly stirring again to obtain a mixed solution 3;

e. reacting the mixed solution 3 at 180 ℃ for 24-36h to obtain a crude product, performing suction filtration, washing the crude product to be neutral by using deionized water, washing away grease by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying at 100-110 ℃ for 2h to obtain the montmorillonite hydrothermal carbon composite material;

(2) adding untreated tea oil: adding 5-10g of the montmorillonite hydrothermal carbon composite material into each liter of untreated tea oil, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;

(3) and (3) centrifugal standing: centrifuging the mixture for 5-10min, taking out and standing for 5-10 min;

(4) freezing and layering: freezing the mixture treated in the step (3) at the temperature of between-2 and-5 ℃ until the mixture is fully condensed to obtain an upper tea oil layer, a middle montmorillonite hydrothermal carbon composite material layer and a lower moisture and residue layer;

(5) separating benzopyrene: and sucking out the upper tea oil layer, and discarding the lower water and residue layer to finish the separation and removal of benzopyrene in the tea oil.

Preferably, the concentration of hydrochloric acid in the step (1) -a is 3 mol/L.

Further, the stirring time in the step (1) -a is 24-48 h.

Further, in the step (1) -a, the acidified montmorillonite is ground and then sieved by a 200-mesh sieve.

Preferably, distilled water is added into the acidified montmorillonite in the steps (1) -b according to the mass-to-volume ratio of 1g to 30-40 ml.

Further, the centrifugal rotation speed in the step (3) is 5000-.

Preferably, the freezing temperature in step (4) is-4 ℃.

Further, the freezing time in the step (4) is 25-35 min.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the separation material used in the invention is the montmorillonite hydrothermal carbon composite material, which does not have qualitative change chemical reaction with the tea oil and the benzopyrene, has no influence on the quality of the tea oil, does not destroy beneficial components in the tea oil, and does not cause the loss of the tea oil. Meanwhile, new harmful residues cannot be introduced to cause secondary pollution in the tea oil, the removal efficiency of the benzopyrene is high and can reach more than 90%, and the content of the benzopyrene in the treated tea oil sample can reach below the specified range of GB 2716-2005 edible vegetable oil health Standard. The method has the advantages of simple operation, short reaction time, safety, effectiveness, economy and environmental protection.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The materials used in the following examples are all commercially available from conventional sources.