阅读说明：本技术 岸滩剖面形态演变实时测量装置及方法 (Beach section form evolution real-time measuring device and method ) 是由 刘杰 高伟 李萍 徐元芹 于 2019-11-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：岸滩剖面形态演变实时测量装置及方法,包括箱体、单片机、数据存储及传输模块,箱体下底面和后侧面分别连接柱形固定筒和固定板；箱体内部步进电机的转轴穿出箱体上表面与横杆连接；步进电机转轴顶端安装旋转角度传感器,横杆上表面有水平仪；横杆前端门形设备安装支架上有电机及其驱动的激光测距仪和倾角传感器；横杆后端有竖杆,随横杆而绕步进电机的转轴转动,竖杆上部朝向横杆前端的外侧面上安装有向下倾斜的广角摄像头。其方法包括将装置安装于墙壁上或柱状体的顶端；确定装置的空间位置；步进电机转至第一个角度,激光测距仪和倾角传感器旋转,同时测量各个倾角下目标体至激光测距仪的距离。本发明易于安装,可无人值守,测量结果更加准确。(A beach section shape evolution real-time measuring device and a method comprise a box body, a single chip microcomputer and a data storage and transmission module, wherein the lower bottom surface and the rear side surface of the box body are respectively connected with a cylindrical fixed cylinder and a fixed plate; a rotating shaft of a stepping motor in the box body penetrates out of the upper surface of the box body and is connected with the cross rod; a rotation angle sensor is arranged at the top end of a rotating shaft of the stepping motor, and a level gauge is arranged on the upper surface of the cross rod; a motor and a laser range finder and an inclination angle sensor driven by the motor are arranged on the portal equipment mounting bracket at the front end of the cross rod; the rear end of the cross rod is provided with a vertical rod which rotates around a rotating shaft of the stepping motor along with the cross rod, and the outer side surface of the upper part of the vertical rod facing the front end of the cross rod is provided with a downward-inclined wide-angle camera. The method comprises mounting the device on the wall or on the top end of a cylindrical body; determining a spatial position of the device; when the stepping motor rotates to a first angle, the laser range finder and the inclination angle sensor rotate, and the distance from the target body to the laser range finder under each inclination angle is measured simultaneously. The invention is easy to install, can be unattended, and has more accurate measuring result.)

1. A beach cross section form evolution real-time measuring device is characterized by comprising a box body (1), a single chip microcomputer (14) and a data storage and transmission module (15), wherein the lower bottom surface and the rear side surface of the box body (1) are respectively connected with a cylindrical fixed cylinder (16) and a fixed plate (17); the battery pack (2), the stepping motor (3) and the indexing controller (4) are installed in the box body (1), and a rotating shaft of the stepping motor (3) is perpendicular to the upper surface of the box body (1) and penetrates out of an opening in the upper surface; a rotating shaft of the stepping motor (3) penetrates through the upper surface of the box body (1) and then is connected with the cross rod (6) so that the stepping motor (3) can drive the cross rod (6), and the cross rod (6) is perpendicular to the rotating shaft of the stepping motor (3) and is parallel to the upper surface of the box body (1); a rotation angle sensor (8) is arranged at the top end of a rotating shaft of the stepping motor (3), and a level gauge (9) is arranged at the position, close to the rotating shaft of the stepping motor (3), of the upper surface of the cross rod (6); the front end of the cross rod (6) is provided with a door-shaped equipment mounting bracket, the equipment mounting bracket is provided with a motor (10), and a rotating shaft of the motor (10) is horizontal and vertical to the cross rod (6); a laser range finder (11) and an inclination angle sensor (12) are arranged on a rotating shaft of the motor (10); the rear end upper surface of horizontal pole (6) is equipped with montant (7), and when step motor (3) drive horizontal pole (6) were rotatory, montant (7) rotated around the pivot of step motor (3) along with the rotation of horizontal pole (6), installs wide angle camera (13) of downward sloping on the lateral surface of montant (7) upper portion orientation horizontal pole (6) front end with the monitoring facilities operation and the beach face condition.

2. The device for real-time measurement of the evolution of the cross-sectional shape of the beach as claimed in claim 1, wherein a horizontal adjusting knob (5) and a buckle are further provided between the lower bottom surface of the box body (1) and the cylindrical fixed cylinder (16), and the horizontal adjusting knob (5) and the buckle are used in cooperation with the level gauge (9) to keep the device in a horizontal state.

3. The device for real-time measurement of the evolution of the sectional shape of the beach as claimed in claim 1, wherein a horizontal adjusting knob (5) and a buckle are also arranged between the rear side of the box body (1) and the fixing plate (17), and the horizontal adjusting knob (5) and the buckle are used in cooperation with the level gauge (9) to keep the device in a horizontal state.

4. Use of a beach cross-section form evolution real-time measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device is installed on the side or top of a fixed object through a cylindrical fixed cylinder (16) or a fixed plate (17) to measure the beach cross-section form evolution in real time.

5. The method for beach cross-sectional morphology measurements using the apparatus of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

1) searching a wall body or a columnar body with proper height on the beach to be monitored, and installing the device on the wall or at the top end of the columnar body; when the box body is installed on a wall body, the fixing plate (17) is fixed on the side surface of the top of the wall body, and then the box body (1) is connected to the outer side surface of the fixing plate (17); when the device is arranged on a columnar body, the columnar fixed cylinder (16) is fixed at the top end of a columnar object, and then the bottom surface of the box body (1) is connected with the columnar fixed cylinder (16);

2) the posture of the device is adjusted to enable the cross rod (6) to be in a horizontal state; when a fixed cylinder (16) or a fixed plate (17) of the device is provided with a horizontal adjusting knob, the posture of the box body (1) is adjusted through the matching of the horizontal adjusting knob (5) and the level gauge (9), so that the upper surface of the box body (1) and the cross rod (6) are in a horizontal state;

3) if a high-level surveying and mapping control point is near the beach to be measured, guiding the spatial position information of the equipment by using an RTK technology; if not, acquiring the position and elevation information of the equipment by using GPS static observation; starting up the device after determining the spatial position of the device;

4) setting the rotation range of the stepping motor (3), the rotation angle of each time, the measuring period of the beach and the data sending period;

5) during measurement, the stepping motor (3) firstly rotates to a first set angle, stops rotating, the motor (10) drives the laser range finder (11) and the inclination angle sensor (12) to rotate, and the distance from a target body to the laser range finder (11) at each inclination angle is measured while the motor rotates; then the stepping motor (3) rotates to the next set angle, and the motor (10) drives the laser range finder (11) and the tilt angle sensor (12) to repeatedly perform the measurement;

6) the device carries out beach profile measurement and data transmission according to a set period, and is shut down after multi-period measurement is finished, and spatial position information of the device is retested, so that the device is ensured not to have position change in the whole measurement period;

7) and after the steps are completed, the device is taken back for maintenance and standby.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the rotation angle of the stepping motor (3) at each time is controlled by a single sheet (14) and an index controller (4), and the rotation angle data of the stepping motor (3) at each time stored in the data storage and transmission module (15) is measured by a rotation angle sensor (8).

Technical Field

The invention relates to laser profile measuring equipment, in particular to a real-time profile measuring device and method for profile morphological evolution characteristics of seacoasts and beaches.

Background

The sandy coast is a precious natural resource and an ecological tourism resource in the world, and the demand for beach tourism is more and more increased along with the development of the economy and the society and the improvement of the living standard of people. However, with global climate change, sea level rise, and human activities such as offshore sand production and marine structures, global sandy coasts are generally affected by erosion. The actual measurement data of the beach cross section in different years, different seasons, before and after heavy waves and other periods is an important basis for researching the beach erosion rule and the evolution trend and formulating a protection strategy. On one hand, the long-term repeated measurement of the beach profile consumes a large amount of manpower and material resources; on the other hand, the conventional method for measuring the profile of the beach under special conditions such as heavy waves and storm tides has great danger, and may cause casualties and equipment loss.

Chinese patent publication No. CN 103697858B discloses a device and a technique for "a sea cliff erosion scale measuring device and a measuring method thereof" for measuring two-dimensional profile data of sea cliff erosion, and due to the limitation of the device, the contents involved in the invention can only measure erosion of the sea cliff, cannot measure erosion of the beach, is suitable for a high sea cliff, and is not suitable for a sandy beach with a very gentle slope; in addition, the beach sediments are soft, and the hanging hammer in the invention is easy to swing under the influence of environmental factors such as strong wind, so that manual errors are easy to generate during multi-period repeated measurement.

Therefore, it is an urgent technical problem to design a beach cross section shape evolution real-time measuring device that can automatically perform periodic measurement on the beach cross section shape according to actual requirements and transmit back data in real time, wherein the measurement contents include coast erosion and beach erosion data. The application of the invention has important significance for researching and predicting the beach erosion condition, preventing and controlling coastal geological disasters, sustainably utilizing beach resources and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a beach cross section form evolution real-time measuring device and method to overcome the defects of the prior art.

A beach section morphology evolution real-time measuring device is characterized by comprising a box body, a single chip microcomputer and a data storage and transmission module, wherein the lower bottom surface and the rear side surface of the box body are respectively connected with a cylindrical fixed cylinder and a fixed plate; the battery pack, the stepping motor and the indexing controller are arranged in the box body, and a rotating shaft of the stepping motor is perpendicular to the upper surface of the box body and penetrates out of an opening on the upper surface; a rotating shaft of the stepping motor penetrates through the upper surface of the box body and then is connected with the cross rod, so that the stepping motor drives the cross rod, and the cross rod is perpendicular to the rotating shaft of the stepping motor and parallel to the upper surface of the box body; a rotation angle sensor is arranged at the top end of a rotating shaft of the stepping motor, and a level gauge is arranged on the upper surface of the cross rod close to the rotating shaft of the stepping motor; the front end of the cross rod is provided with a door-shaped equipment mounting bracket, the equipment mounting bracket is provided with a motor, and a rotating shaft of the motor is horizontal and vertical to the cross rod; a laser range finder and an inclination angle sensor are arranged on a rotating shaft of the motor; the utility model discloses a beach face monitoring device, including horizontal pole, step motor, montant, the lateral surface of horizontal pole front end is equipped with the montant, and when step motor driven horizontal pole was rotatory, the montant rotated around step motor's pivot along with the rotation of horizontal pole, and the wide angle camera of downward sloping is installed on the lateral surface of montant upper portion towards the horizontal pole front end with the monitoring devices operation and the beach.

And a horizontal adjusting knob and a buckle are also arranged between the lower bottom surface of the box body and the cylindrical fixing cylinder, and the horizontal adjusting knob and the buckle are matched with the level gauge for use so that the device is in a horizontal state.

And a horizontal adjusting knob and a buckle are also arranged between the rear side surface of the box body and the fixing plate, and the horizontal adjusting knob and the buckle are matched with the level gauge for use so that the device is in a horizontal state.

The device is installed at the side or the top of a fixed object through a cylindrical fixed cylinder or a fixed plate so as to carry out real-time measurement on the evolution of the cross section of the beach.

The method for measuring the beach cross section morphology by using the device is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) searching a wall body or a columnar body with proper height on the beach to be monitored, and installing the device on the wall or at the top end of the columnar body; when the box body is installed on a wall body, the fixing plate is fixed on the side surface of the top of the wall body, and then the box body is connected to the outer side surface of the fixing plate; when the box body is arranged on the columnar body, the columnar fixing cylinder is fixed at the top end of the columnar object, and then the bottom surface of the box body is connected with the columnar fixing cylinder;

2) the posture of the device is adjusted so that the cross rod is in a horizontal state; when a fixed cylinder or a fixed plate of the device is provided with a horizontal adjusting knob, the posture of the box body is adjusted through the matching of the horizontal adjusting knob and the level gauge, so that the upper surface of the box body and the cross rod are in a horizontal state;

3) if a high-level surveying and mapping control point is near the beach to be measured, guiding the spatial position information of the equipment by using an RTK technology; if not, acquiring the position and elevation information of the equipment by using GPS static observation; starting up the device after determining the spatial position of the device;

4) setting the rotation range of a stepping motor, the rotation angle of each time, the measuring period of a beach and the data transmission period;

5) during measurement, the stepping motor firstly rotates to a first set angle, stops rotating, drives the laser range finder and the inclination angle sensor to rotate, and measures the distance from the target body to the laser range finder under each inclination angle while rotating; then the stepping motor rotates to the next set angle, and the motor drives the laser range finder and the tilt angle sensor to repeatedly perform the measurement;

6) the device carries out beach profile measurement and data transmission according to a set period, and is shut down after multi-period measurement is finished, and spatial position information of the device is retested, so that the device is ensured not to have position change in the whole measurement period;

7) and after the steps are completed, the device is taken back for maintenance and standby.

The rotation angle of the stepping motor at each time is controlled by the single machine piece and the indexing controller, and the rotation angle data of the stepping motor at each time stored in the data storage and transmission module is obtained by measuring the rotation angle sensor.

Before the section measurement is started, precision inspection and calibration can be carried out, and the device is mainly subjected to precision inspection and calibration by using a method for arranging targets on the beach to be measured.

Advantages of the invention

Compared with the existing measuring technology and method for the sectional form evolution of the beach, the device has the following remarkable advantages:

1. when the device is used for carrying out the beach section shape evolution measurement, the device is only required to be fixed to the high position of a nearby building for observing the beach, and after observation parameters are set, the beach evolution characteristics can be periodically observed and observation data can be returned in real time under the unattended state, so that a large amount of manpower and material resources consumed in the process of repeatedly measuring the beach section for a long time and many times can be greatly reduced; on the other hand, the unattended observation technology can effectively solve the problems of dangers, including possible casualties and equipment loss and the like, existing in the beach profile measurement by using the traditional method under special conditions of heavy waves, storm tides and the like.

2. In the repeated measuring process of a beach, the position of the device is fixed relative to the measured beach, so that the positions of the beach cross sections measured in multiple periods can be ensured to be mutually coincident, and the accuracy of the measuring result is ensured; on the other hand, when the device provided by the invention is used for measuring the beach cross section form, the distance from the beach target point to the device is mainly measured by using a laser ranging principle, and compared with the traditional beach cross section measuring technologies such as RTK (real time kinematic) and the like, the device can greatly improve the accuracy of beach cross section measurement.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the general structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the general cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of the stud of the present invention.

The device comprises a box body 1, a box body 2, a battery pack 3, a stepping motor 4, an indexing controller 5, a horizontal adjusting knob 6, a cross rod 7, a vertical rod 8, a rotation angle sensor 9, a level meter 10, a motor 11, a laser range finder 12, an inclination angle sensor 13, a wide-angle camera 14, a single chip microcomputer 15, a data storage and transmission module 16, a cylindrical fixing cylinder 17 and a fixing plate.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-4, a beach cross section shape evolution real-time measuring device is characterized in that the device comprises a box body 1, wherein the lower bottom surface and the rear side surface of the box body 1 are respectively connected with a cylindrical fixed cylinder 16 and a fixed plate 17; the battery pack 2, the stepping motor 3 and the indexing controller 4 are arranged in the box body 1, and a rotating shaft of the stepping motor 3 is vertical to the upper surface of the box body 1 and penetrates out of an opening on the upper surface; a rotating shaft of the stepping motor 3 penetrates through the upper surface of the box body 1 and then is connected with a cross rod 6, so that the stepping motor 3 drives the cross rod 6, and the cross rod 6 is perpendicular to the rotating shaft of the stepping motor 3 and is parallel to the upper surface of the box body 1; a rotation angle sensor 8 is arranged at the top end of the rotating shaft of the stepping motor 3, and a level gauge 9 is arranged on the upper surface of the cross rod 6 close to the rotating shaft of the stepping motor 3; the front end of the cross rod 6 is provided with a door-shaped equipment mounting bracket, the equipment mounting bracket is provided with a motor 10, and a rotating shaft of the motor 10 is horizontal and vertical to the cross rod 6; a laser range finder 11 and an inclination angle sensor 12 are arranged on a rotating shaft of the motor 10; the utility model discloses a beach face monitoring device, including horizontal pole 6, stepping motor 3, montant 7, singlechip 14, data storage and transmission module 15 are installed to the top of montant 7, and when stepping motor 3 drive horizontal pole 6 was rotatory, montant 7 rotated around stepping motor 3's pivot along with horizontal pole 6's rotation, and install the wide-angle camera 13 of downward sloping on the lateral surface of montant 7 upper portion towards horizontal pole 6 front end with the supervisory equipment and the beach face condition.

The rotation angle of the stepping motor 3 at each time is controlled by the single machine sheet 14 and the indexing controller 4, and the rotation angle data of the stepping motor 3 at each time stored in the data storage and transmission module 15 is obtained by measuring the rotation angle sensor 8.

A horizontal adjusting knob 5 and a buckle are further arranged between the lower bottom surface of the box body 1 and the cylindrical fixing barrel 16, and the horizontal adjusting knob 5 and the buckle are matched with the level gauge 9 for use so that the device is in a horizontal state.

A horizontal adjusting knob 5 and a buckle are further arranged between the rear side surface of the box body 1 and the fixing plate 17, and the horizontal adjusting knob 5 and the buckle are matched with the level gauge 9 for use so that the device is in a horizontal state.

The device is installed on the side or top of a fixed object through a cylindrical fixed cylinder 16 or a fixed plate 17, so as to carry out the application of real-time measurement on the evolution of the cross section shape of the beach.

The method for measuring the cross section morphology of the beach by using the device comprises the following steps:

(1) searching a wall or a columnar body on a beach to be monitored so as to mount the device on the wall or at the top end of the columnar body; when the fixing device is installed on a wall body, the plane type fixing device 17 can be fixed at the top end of the wall body, and the side surface of the box body 1 is connected with the plane type fixing device 17; when the box body is installed on a cylindrical object such as a stand column, firstly, the cylindrical fixing device 16 is fixed at the top end of the stand column, and then the bottom surface of the box body 1 is connected with the cylindrical fixing device 16;

(2) according to the display of the level gauge 9, the posture of the device is adjusted by using a horizontal condition knob and a buckle 5 between the lower bottom surface of the box body 1 and a cylindrical fixing device 16 or between the side surface of the box body 1 and a planar fixing device 17, so that the upper surface of the box body 1 and the cross rod 6 are in a horizontal state when the equipment works, and the horizontal adjusting knob 5 is fixed by using the buckle after the equipment works;

(3) if a high-level surveying and mapping control point is near the beach to be measured, guiding the spatial position information of the equipment by using an RTK technology; if not, acquiring the position and elevation information of the equipment by using GPS static observation;

(4) after the absolute coordinate and the elevation are determined, connecting a power supply, and performing power-on self-test;

(5) setting the rotation range of the stepping motor 3, the rotation angle of each time, the measurement period of the device and the data transmission period on site; the device enters a standby state and periodically carries out beach profile measurement and data transmission;

(6) during measurement, the stepping motor 3 firstly rotates to a first set angle, stops rotating, the motor 10 drives the laser distance meter 11 and the inclination angle sensor 12 to rotate, and the distance from a target body to the laser distance meter 11 at each inclination angle is measured while the motor rotates; then the stepping motor 3 rotates to the next set angle, and the motor 10 drives the laser range finder 11 and the tilt angle sensor 12 to repeatedly perform the above measurement;

(7) the device carries out beach profile measurement and data transmission according to a set period, and can carry out supplementary measurement work by a remote control device at any time according to the changes of hydrological weather and working requirements under special conditions;

(8) after the multi-period beach profile measurement work is finished, the device is shut down, and the spatial position information of the device is retested, so that the device is ensured not to have position change in the whole measurement period;

(9) after the above steps are completed, the device is disassembled and taken back to the laboratory for maintenance and standby.