阅读说明：本技术 一种降低琉璃瓦烧制温度的方法 (Method for reducing firing temperature of glazed tile ) 是由 余涛 于 2019-09-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及新型功能材料技术领域,公开了一种降低琉璃瓦烧制温度的方法,采用的低温烧制方式存在产品性能不佳的问题,本发明提供了一种降低琉璃瓦烧制温度的方法,将制备得到的外加剂添加到琉璃瓦烧制配料中,降低了烧制原料的吸湿膨胀率,烧制中产生的水汽能够快速扩散到对流空间中,能够适应快速升温,该外加剂具有热膨胀系数小,熔融性能强,导热性好,干燥收缩率小的特征,降低了烧制原料出现液相的温度,促进晶体的形成,所述外加剂为多金属化合物结构,烧制得到的坯体具有致密的结构,耐急冷急热不发生开裂,可保证制品的尺寸精度,提高坯体致密度的同时,降低了制品的吸水率(使用TX型陶瓷吸水率测定仪测定吸水率低至0.13%)。(The invention relates to the technical field of novel functional materials, and discloses a method for reducing the firing temperature of a glazed tile, wherein the problem of poor product performance exists in a low-temperature firing mode, the invention provides the method for reducing the firing temperature of the glazed tile, the prepared additive is added into the firing ingredients of the glazed tile, the moisture absorption expansion rate of the firing raw materials is reduced, water vapor generated in the firing process can be quickly diffused into a convection space and can adapt to quick temperature rise, the additive has the characteristics of small thermal expansion coefficient, strong melting property, good thermal conductivity and small drying shrinkage rate, the temperature of a liquid phase of the firing raw materials is reduced, the formation of crystals is promoted, the additive is of a multi-metal compound structure, a blank obtained by firing has a compact structure, is resistant to rapid cooling and rapid heating and does not crack, the size precision of a product can be ensured, and the compactness of the blank is improved, the water absorption of the product was reduced (as low as 0.13% as measured using a TX-type ceramic water absorption meter).)

1. The method for reducing the firing temperature of the glazed tiles is characterized in that the prepared additive is added into the glazed tile firing raw materials, and the mixture is uniformly mixed and then co-fired at low temperature, wherein the preparation method of the additive comprises the following steps:

(1) weighing 18-20 g of tungstic acid, adding concentrated hydrochloric acid solution into a beaker according to the volume ratio of solid-to-liquid of 1:11-13, stirring and dissolving for later use, weighing 60-65 g of lithium oxide, placing the lithium oxide into the beaker, preparing ethanol-water solution as a solvent according to the volume ratio of 1:15-18, adding the ethanol-water solution into the beaker filled with the lithium oxide according to the volume ratio of solid-to-liquid of 1:7-8, magnetically stirring and dispersing for 30-35 minutes to obtain a lithium hydroxide mixture, adding the dissolved tungstic acid solution into the lithium hydroxide mixture, and continuously stirring for 20-30 minutes to obtain a multi-metal mixture;

(2) transferring the multi-metal mixture in the step (1) into a three-neck flask, heating to 70-80 ℃, dropwise adding 35-40 ml of ammonium hydrogen phosphite aqueous solution under stirring, weighing 4.5-4.8 mmol of zinc oxide powder, placing the zinc oxide powder into the flask, adding 40-50 ml of hydrochloric acid solution with the mass concentration of 7.5-8.0% and 12-15 ml of ethylene glycol, heating to 85-90 ℃, preserving heat, stirring and reacting for 1-2 hours;

(3) filtering the reactant obtained in the step (2), adding 130 ml of acetic acid aqueous solution of 120-.

2. The method for lowering the firing temperature of the glazed tiles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the additive is added in an amount of 0.4-0.6% by mass of the firing raw materials of the glazed tiles.

3. The method for lowering the firing temperature of glazed tiles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the co-firing temperature is lowered by 300-350 ℃ compared to the case without the additive.

4. The method for lowering the firing temperature of glazed tiles according to claim 1, wherein the molar concentration of the concentrated hydrochloric acid solution in the step (1) is 11.5 to 12.0 mol/l.

5. The method for lowering the firing temperature of glazed tiles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molar concentration of the ammonium hydrogen phosphite aqueous solution in step (2) is 0.28-0.30 mol/l.

6. The method for lowering the firing temperature of glazed tiles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the aqueous acetic acid solution in step (3) is 10-15%.

7. The method for lowering the firing temperature of glazed tiles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the admixture prepared in step (3) is between 30 and 50 μm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of novel functional materials, and particularly relates to a method for reducing the firing temperature of a glazed tile.

Background

The glazed tile is made up of high-quality ore through screening, crushing, high-pressure shaping and high-temp firing. Has the advantages of high strength, good flatness, low water absorption, folding resistance, freezing resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance, fastness and the like. The glaze is widely applicable to industrial and civil buildings such as factory buildings, houses, hotels, villas and the like, and is various in shape, simple and colorful in glaze color, environment-friendly, durable and deeply popular with architects. The glazed tiles are developed over the years to form a series of products with rich varieties, exquisite styles and strong assembly, and common tile parts comprise cylindrical tiles, plate tiles, hook tiles, drop tiles, pan tiles, quarter tiles, beasts, corner choosing, kissing, corner closing, curtaining, prop animals, peak animals, jewels and the like. The western-style glazed tiles developed from the traditional glazed tiles are firstly applied in some countries such as Japan, Spain, Italy and the like, and the western-style glazed tiles are combined into one by combining the shell tiles and the plate tiles, so that the structure is reasonable, the hanging and the installation are simple and convenient, the effective coverage area is large, and the load bearing of the roof is small. The glaze color is more than one hundred, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that the anti-lead of the glaze surface of the lead glazed tile influences the decorative effect is avoided. Therefore, the western tile and the glazed tile are increasingly widely applied to modern buildings.

With the dramatic increase of population, resource conservation becomes an important measure. In the production and manufacture of the glazed tiles, a large amount of mine resources are consumed, and as the glazed tile products are subjected to a high-temperature firing process from raw materials to finished products, the consumed energy in the process is huge, the cost is very high, and the long-term development can cause the resource exhaustion, so that the production and manufacture of the glazed tiles are extremely unfavorable for the economic development and the resource environment. The existing solution mostly adopts the method of adding industrial waste and low-melting-point materials into the raw materials for producing the glazed tiles, but is not beneficial to continuous production, generally causes the difficulty of firing to be increased, prolongs the firing time, cannot guarantee the performance of the product, and obviously increases defective products. Therefore, the production process of low-temperature fired glazed tiles is very urgent.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the existing problems, provides a method for reducing the firing temperature of glazed tiles, overcomes the defect of high-temperature long-time firing of the glazed tiles, eliminates the quality problems of defects and the like caused by adding industrial waste and low-melting-point materials in the prior art, and obviously prolongs the service life of the glazed tiles.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a method for reducing the firing temperature of glazed tiles is characterized in that prepared additives are added into glazed tile firing raw materials, and the mixture is uniformly mixed and then co-fired at low temperature, wherein the preparation method of the additives comprises the following steps:

(1) weighing 18-20 g of tungstic acid, adding concentrated hydrochloric acid solution into a beaker according to the volume ratio of solid-to-liquid of 1:11-13, stirring and dissolving for later use, weighing 60-65 g of lithium oxide, placing the lithium oxide into the beaker, preparing ethanol-water solution as a solvent according to the volume ratio of 1:15-18, adding the ethanol-water solution into the beaker filled with the lithium oxide according to the volume ratio of solid-to-liquid of 1:7-8, magnetically stirring and dispersing for 30-35 minutes to obtain a lithium hydroxide mixture, adding the dissolved tungstic acid solution into the lithium hydroxide mixture, and continuously stirring for 20-30 minutes to obtain a multi-metal mixture;

(2) transferring the multi-metal mixture in the step (1) into a three-neck flask, heating to 70-80 ℃, dropwise adding 35-40 ml of ammonium hydrogen phosphite aqueous solution under stirring, weighing 4.5-4.8 mmol of zinc oxide powder, placing the zinc oxide powder into the flask, adding 40-50 ml of hydrochloric acid solution with the mass concentration of 7.5-8.0% and 12-15 ml of ethylene glycol, heating to 85-90 ℃, preserving heat, stirring and reacting for 1-2 hours;

(3) filtering the reactant obtained in the step (2), adding 130 ml of acetic acid aqueous solution of 120-.

As a further description of the above scheme, the additive is added in an amount of 0.4-0.6% by mass of the glazed tile firing raw material.

As a further description of the above scheme, the co-firing temperature is reduced by 300-350 ℃ compared to when no admixture is added.

As a further description of the above scheme, the molar concentration of the concentrated hydrochloric acid solution in the step (1) is 11.5-12.0 mol/L.

As a further description of the above scheme, the molar concentration of the aqueous ammonium hydrogen phosphite solution of the step (2) is 0.28 to 0.30 mol/liter.

As a further description of the scheme, the mass concentration of the acetic acid aqueous solution in the step (3) is 10-15%.

As a further description of the above scheme, the particle size of the admixture prepared in step (3) is between 30 and 50 microns.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: in order to solve the problems of high firing temperature and poor product performance in the low-temperature firing mode adopted in the prior art, the invention provides a method for reducing the firing temperature of the glazed tiles, the prepared admixture is added into the firing ingredients of the glazed tiles, the moisture absorption expansion rate of the firing raw materials is reduced, water vapor generated in the firing process can be quickly diffused into a convection space and can adapt to quick temperature rise, the admixture has the characteristics of small thermal expansion coefficient, strong melting property, good thermal conductivity and small drying shrinkage rate, the temperature of a liquid phase of the firing raw materials is reduced, the formation of crystals is promoted, the admixture is of a multi-metal compound structure, a blank obtained by firing has a compact structure, is resistant to rapid cooling and rapid heating and does not crack, the dimensional accuracy of a product can be ensured, the blank is improved, and the water absorption rate of the product is reduced (the water absorption rate is reduced to 0.13 percent by using a TX type ceramic water absorption tester), the invention improves the shock resistance, the strength performance and the high and low temperature shock resistance, obviously reduces the fuel cost, overcomes the defect of the glazed tile fired at high temperature for a long time, eliminates the quality problems of defects and the like caused by adding industrial waste and low melting point materials in the prior art, obviously prolongs the service life of the glazed tile, reduces the production cost, improves the production efficiency, and ensures the appearance and the physical and mechanical properties of the glazed tile product for a long time, solves the problems of high firing temperature of the existing glazed tile and poor performance of the product in a low-temperature firing mode, simplifies the manufacturing process, achieves the strength of the obtained green body of 35 kg/square centimeter, reduces the firing temperature to 350 ℃ and shortens the firing time to 25-30 minutes, realizes low-temperature fast firing, and considers the quality control and the improvement of the glazed tile product in the energy saving aspect, the glazed tile production method has the advantages that the development space of the glazed tile is improved, the energy consumption in production is reduced, the production cost of the glazed tile can be reduced, the practical significance of solving the problem of energy shortage is realized, and the glazed tile production method is a technical scheme which is very worthy of popularization and use.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used for explaining the present invention and are not used for limiting the technical solutions provided by the present invention.