阅读说明：本技术 镀铝AlN纳米纤维增强Al-Fe基纳米孔合金材料及其制备方法 (Aluminum-plated AlN nanofiber reinforced Al-Fe-based nanopore alloy material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 陈万鑫 于 2019-12-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于复合材料领域,涉及一种镀铝AlN纳米纤维增强Al-Fe基纳米孔合金材料及其制备方法。根据本发明实施例的镀铝AlN纳米纤维增强Al-Fe基纳米孔合金材料按重量百分比包含如下组分：Fe 2％-5.5％,镀铝AlN纳米纤维0.5％-1.8％,余量为Al。根据本发明的示例性实施例,通过Al-Fe基合金纳米粉体制备、AlN纳米纤维预处理、配料、预成型、成孔处理、烧结热处理制备镀铝AlN纳米纤维增强Al-Fe基纳米孔合金材料。与现有技术相比,根据本发明实施例的镀铝AlN纳米纤维增强Al-Fe基纳米孔合金材料具有优异的耐磨性能、硬度和吸声降噪性能。(The invention belongs to the field of composite materials, and relates to an aluminum-plated AlN nanofiber reinforced Al-Fe-based nanoporous alloy material and a preparation method thereof. The aluminum-plated AlN nanofiber reinforced Al-Fe-based nanopore alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: fe 2-5.5%, aluminum-plated AlN nano-fiber 0.5-1.8%, and Al in balance. According to the exemplary embodiment of the invention, the aluminum-plated AlN nanofiber reinforced Al-Fe-based nanoporous alloy material is prepared through Al-Fe-based alloy nanopowder preparation, AlN nanofiber pretreatment, batching, preforming, pore-forming treatment and sintering heat treatment. Compared with the prior art, the aluminum-plated AlN nanofiber reinforced Al-Fe-based nanopore alloy material disclosed by the embodiment of the invention has excellent wear resistance, hardness and sound absorption and noise reduction performance.)

1. The aluminum-plated AlN nanofiber reinforced Al-Fe-based nanopore alloy material is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: fe 2-5.5%, aluminum-plated AlN nano-fiber 0.5-1.8%, and Al in balance.

2. The aluminum-plated AlN nanofiber-reinforced Al-Fe-based nanoporous alloy material according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum-plated AlN nanofiber-reinforced Al-Fe-based nanoporous alloy material has a pore diameter of 180nm to 358nm and a total pore volume accounting for 85% to 92% of the volume of the matrix, and the nanoporous aluminum alloy material has a structure ofThe density was 0.411g/cm ³The sound absorption peak value is more than 0.94, the noise reduction coefficient is more than 0.72, and the half-peak width value is more than 1398 Hz.

3. A preparation method of an aluminum-plated AlN nanofiber reinforced Al-Fe-based nanoporous alloy material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

α -Al with an average particle size of 5 μm is used ₂O ₃The powder is a nano Al powder source, ball milling treatment is carried out, and the ball milled powder is reduced in hydrogen at 180 ℃ to obtain nano Al powder with the average grain diameter of 12nm-35 nm;

adopting Fe powder with the average grain diameter of 10 mu m as a nano Fe powder source, and performing ball milling treatment to obtain nano Fe powder with the grain diameter of 10nm-18 nm;

adopting AlN nano-fibers with the average diameter of 8-15 nm and the average length of 90-180 nm as reinforcing components, adopting a sodium hydroxide solution to carry out activation treatment on the AlN nano-fibers, adopting absolute ethyl alcohol to fully clean, and drying at the temperature of 65 ℃;

aluminum plating is carried out on the AlN nano-fibers after drying treatment in a direct-current pulse magnetron sputtering coating machine, wherein the aluminum plating thickness is 2nm-8nm, and the aluminum-plated AlN nano-fibers are obtained;

preparing the following materials in percentage by weight: 2 to 5.5 percent of nano Fe powder, 0.5 to 1.8 percent of aluminum-plated AlN nano fiber and the balance of nano Al powder to obtain aluminum-plated AlN nano fiber reinforced Al-Fe-based nano powder;

adding 2.5-12 parts by weight of sodium chloride powder into every 100 parts by weight of aluminum-plated AlN nano fiber reinforced Al-Fe-based nano powder;

fully mixing the aluminum-plated AlN nano-fiber reinforced Al-Fe-based nano powder with sodium chloride powder for 2-3 h;

first prefabrication and forming: CO 2 ₂Protecting, wherein the molding pressure is 180MPa-250MPa, the molding temperature is 150-180 ℃, and the molding time is 400s-650 s;

second prefabrication and forming: CO 2 ₂Protecting, wherein the molding pressure is 300MPa-360MPa, the molding temperature is 280 ℃ -350 ℃, and the molding time is 200s-250 s;

and (3) pore-forming treatment: the pore-forming temperature is 520-590 ℃, and the pore-forming time is 150-500 s; cooling to room temperature, and fully cleaning with deionized water;

sintering heat treatment: the first stage, the temperature is 250-280 ℃, and the time is 25-45 min; the second stage, the temperature is 175-205 ℃, and the time is 30-40 min;

and obtaining the aluminum-plated AlN nano-fiber reinforced Al-Fe-based nano-pore alloy material.

4. The preparation method of claim 3, wherein ball milling treatment is performed during preparation of the nano Al powder, the rotating speed of a mill is 92r/min, the mass ratio of ball to material is 15:1, argon is used for protection, and the ball milling time is 3-5 h.

5. The preparation method of claim 3, wherein the nano Fe powder is subjected to ball milling treatment during preparation, the rotation speed of a mill is 500r/min, the mass ratio of ball to material is 25:1, argon is used for protection, and the ball milling time is 4-8 h.

6. The production method according to claim 3, wherein the AlN nanofiber is activated with a sodium hydroxide solution at a concentration of 0.1mol/L at a treatment temperature of 85 ℃ for a treatment time of 25 min.

7. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the magnetron sputtering target material for the direct current pulse magnetron sputtering coating is a 99.999% cylindrical Al target, nitrogen protection is adopted, the sputtering power is 5kW to 6.5kW during aluminum plating, and the vacuum degree is controlled at 6.85 x 10 ^-3-7×10 ^-3Pa。

8. The method according to claim 3, wherein the sodium chloride powder has an average particle diameter of 150 to 350 nm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of composite materials, and relates to an aluminum-plated AlN nanofiber reinforced Al-Fe-based nanoporous alloy material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The belt conveyor is widely applied to various fields such as industrial production, rail transit, material distribution and the like, and is important transportation equipment for transporting articles. The roller is a core component of the belt conveyor, and in practical application, the roller is required to be reliable in transmission, energy-saving and long in service life. The existing roller is made of stainless steel, and the stainless steel has better corrosion resistance, but has the defects of heavy weight, high energy consumption during operation and high noise. Particularly, when the method is applied to the fields of high-speed transmission industrial production and the like, the cost is high, and the influence on the environment is large. Therefore, how to reduce the energy consumption and noise during the operation of the roller while prolonging the service life of the roller is significant, and the roller meets the requirement of the green energy-saving era.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an aluminum-plated AlN nanofiber reinforced Al-Fe-based nanoporous alloy material and a preparation method thereof.

According to one aspect of the invention, the aluminum-plated AlN nanofiber reinforced Al-Fe-based nanopore alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: fe 2-5.5%, aluminum-plated AlN nano-fiber 0.5-1.8%, and Al in balance.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the aluminum-plated AlN nanofiber-reinforced Al-Fe-based nanoporous alloy material has a pore diameter of 180nm to 358nm, a total pore volume accounting for 85% to 92% of the volume of the matrix, and a density of 0.411g/cm ³The sound absorption peak value is more than 0.94, the noise reduction coefficient is more than 0.72, and the half-peak width value is more than 1398 Hz.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of preparing an aluminum-plated AlN nanofiber-reinforced Al-Fe-based nanoporous alloy material, the method including:

preparation of Al-Fe base alloy nano powder

α -Al with an average particle size of 5 μm is used ₂O ₃The powder is a nano Al powder source, ball milling treatment is carried out, and the ball milled powder is reduced in hydrogen at 180 ℃ to obtain nano Al powder with the average grain diameter of 12nm-35 nm;

adopting Fe powder with the average grain diameter of 10 mu m as a nano Fe powder source, and performing ball milling treatment to obtain nano Fe powder with the grain diameter of 10nm-18 nm;

second, AlN nano-fiber pretreatment

AlN nanofibers with the average diameter of 8nm-15nm and the average length of 90nm-180nm are used as reinforcing components; activating the AlN nano-fibers by using a sodium hydroxide solution; fully cleaning the mixture by absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the mixture at the temperature of 65 ℃.

Aluminum plating is carried out on the AlN nano-fibers after drying treatment in a direct-current pulse magnetron sputtering coating machine, wherein the aluminum plating thickness is 2nm-8nm, and the aluminum-plated AlN nano-fibers are obtained;

preparation of aluminum-plated AlN nanofiber reinforced Al-Fe-based nanopore alloy material

Preparing the following materials in percentage by weight: 2 to 5.5 percent of nano Fe powder, 0.5 to 1.8 percent of aluminum-plated AlN nano fiber and the balance of nano Al powder to obtain aluminum-plated AlN nano fiber reinforced Al-Fe-based nano powder;

adding 2.5-12 parts by weight of sodium chloride powder into every 100 parts by weight of aluminum-plated AlN nano fiber reinforced Al-Fe-based nano powder;

fully mixing the aluminum-plated AlN nano-fiber reinforced Al-Fe-based nano powder with sodium chloride powder for 2-3 h;

first prefabrication and forming: CO 2 ₂Protecting, wherein the molding pressure is 180MPa-250MPa, the molding temperature is 150-180 ℃, and the molding time is 400s-650 s;

second prefabrication and forming: CO 2 ₂Protecting, wherein the molding pressure is 300MPa-360MPa, the molding temperature is 280 ℃ -350 ℃, and the molding time is 200s-250 s;

and (3) pore-forming treatment: the pore-forming temperature is 520-590 ℃, and the pore-forming time is 150-500 s; cooling to room temperature, and fully cleaning with deionized water;

sintering heat treatment: the first stage, the temperature is 250-280 ℃, and the time is 25-45 min; the second stage, the temperature is 175-205 ℃, and the time is 30-40 min;

and obtaining the aluminum-plated AlN nano-fiber reinforced Al-Fe-based nano-pore alloy material.

According to the exemplary embodiment of the invention, the ball milling treatment is carried out during the preparation of the nano Al powder, the rotating speed of a mill is 92r/min, the mass ratio of balls to materials is 15:1, the ball milling time is 3h-5h under the protection of argon.

According to the exemplary embodiment of the invention, the ball milling treatment is carried out during the preparation of the nano Fe powder, the rotating speed of a mill is 500r/min, the mass ratio of balls to materials is 25:1, the ball milling time is 4h-8h under the protection of argon.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the AlN nanofiber activation treatment is performed using a sodium hydroxide solution at a concentration of 0.1mol/L, at a treatment temperature of 85 ℃ for a treatment time of 25 min; .

According to the exemplary embodiment of the invention, the magnetron sputtering target material for the direct current pulse magnetron sputtering coating is a cylindrical Al target with the concentration of 99.999 percent, the nitrogen protection is adopted, the sputtering power is 5kW to 6.5kW when aluminum plating is carried out, and the vacuum degree is controlled to be 6.85 multiplied by 10 ^-3-7×10 ^-3Pa。

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the sodium chloride powder has an average particle size of 150nm to 350 nm.

Compared with the prior art, according to the preparation method of the aluminum-plated AlN nanofiber reinforced Al-Fe-based nanopore alloy material, the aluminum-plated AlN nanofiber reinforced Al-Fe-based nanopore alloy material is prepared through Al-Fe-based alloy nano powder preparation, AlN nanofiber pretreatment, batching, preforming, pore-forming treatment and sintering heat treatment. According to the double-layer surface composite reinforced iron-based material, the hole diameter is 180nm-358nm, the total hole volume accounts for 85% -92% of the matrix volume, and the density of the nano-hole aluminum alloy material is 0.411g/cm ³The sound absorption peak value is more than 0.94, the noise reduction coefficient is more than 0.72, and the half-peak width value is more than 1398 Hz.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solution and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail by the following specific examples. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.