阅读说明：本技术 一种智能测量煤粉细度的装置及方法 (Device and method for intelligently measuring fineness of pulverized coal ) 是由 赵瑞松 安敬学 罗雪娇 逯朝锋 虞昊天 杨彬 张天桦 绳冉冉 张素丽 李现伟 于 2021-06-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种智能测量煤粉细度的装置及方法,动力由抽气泵提供,测速部分保证抽气泵出力与煤粉气流速度相同,以实现等速取样,测速部分和取样部分可进行滑动伸缩,实现在不同位置取样和测速；测量段柱面透镜处理,提高测量精度,利用光阻法进行测量,即当煤粉颗粒通过光源发出的光束时,部分光被挡住,引起光电检测器信号变化,通过单片机控制系统测量出煤粉细度,并将结果显示于计算机中；可直接测量出煤粉细度,不必进行复杂的筛分工作,操作简单。本发明可作为便携式煤粉细度测量装置,也可作为在线煤粉细度测量装置,实时测量,直接显示结果,没有滞后性,实时控制优化及调整燃烧,提高燃烧效率。(The invention relates to a device and a method for intelligently measuring the fineness of pulverized coal.A power is provided by an air pump, a speed measuring part ensures that the output of the air pump is the same as the airflow speed of the pulverized coal so as to realize constant-speed sampling, and the speed measuring part and a sampling part can slide and stretch to realize sampling and speed measurement at different positions; the measurement section is processed by a cylindrical lens, the measurement precision is improved, the measurement is carried out by utilizing a light resistance method, namely when the pulverized coal particles pass through light beams emitted by a light source, partial light is blocked to cause signal change of a photoelectric detector, the fineness of the pulverized coal is measured by a single chip microcomputer control system, and the result is displayed in a computer; the fineness of the coal powder can be directly measured, complex screening work is not needed, and the operation is simple. The invention can be used as a portable coal powder fineness measuring device and an on-line coal powder fineness measuring device, measures in real time, directly displays the result, has no hysteresis, controls, optimizes and adjusts the combustion in real time, and improves the combustion efficiency.)

1. The utility model provides a device of intelligent measurement buggy fineness which characterized by: the device comprises a light source, a primary air pipe, a sampling part, a measuring part, an air pump, a cyclone tank, a pipeline, a speed measuring part, a data line, a photoelectric detector, a singlechip control system and a computer;

two shaft sleeves are fixed on the pipe wall of one side of the primary air pipe, installation through holes and threaded holes are formed in the outer portion of the pipe wall of the other side of the primary air pipe, a sealing cover plate is connected for sealing, and a sliding strip is fixed in each shaft sleeve; the sampling part comprises a sampling head and a sampling transmission pipe, the sampling transmission pipe and the shaft sleeve form a sliding pair, and the sampling head is positioned in the primary air pipe;

the measuring part comprises a measuring section and a connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is connected with the measuring section, the sectional area of the measuring section is larger than the sectional area of the connecting pipe and the sectional area of a pipeline, a through hole is formed in the other end of the measuring section and is connected with a cyclone tank through the pipeline, the cyclone tank is connected with an air pump, and the connecting pipe and a sampling transmission pipe form a sliding pair;

the speed measuring part comprises a speed measuring wind wheel and a conducting rod, the speed measuring wind wheel is positioned in the primary wind pipe and is connected to the conducting rod through a rotating shaft, the conducting rod forms a sliding pair through a shaft sleeve, the conducting rod is additionally connected with a single chip microcomputer control system through a data line, the single chip microcomputer control system is connected with a photoelectric detector, an air pump and a computer through data lines, and the air pump is an adjustable air pump and is provided with a valve;

the light source and the photoelectric detector are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the measuring section.

2. The device for intelligently measuring the fineness of the pulverized coal as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the curvature of one side of the sealing cover plate is consistent with that of the primary air pipe mounting through hole, and the other side of the sealing cover plate is provided with a threaded hole which is connected to the wall of the primary air pipe through threads.

3. The device for intelligently measuring the fineness of the pulverized coal as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the outer wall of the sampling transmission pipe is provided with a sliding groove matched with the sliding strip in the shaft sleeve, and the connecting pipe is internally fixed with a sliding strip matched with the sliding groove on the outer wall of the sampling transmission pipe.

4. The device for intelligently measuring the fineness of the pulverized coal as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the outer wall of the conducting rod is provided with a sliding groove matched with the sliding strip in the shaft sleeve.

5. The device for intelligently measuring the fineness of the pulverized coal as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the measuring section is processed by a lens, and two sides symmetrical along the central axis of the connecting pipe are provided with semi-cylinders to form two cylindrical lenses.

6. The device for intelligently measuring the fineness of the pulverized coal as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the height of the section of the speed measuring wind wheel is less than that of the section of the conducting rod.

7. The device for intelligently measuring the fineness of the pulverized coal as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the height of the cross section of the mounting through hole is equal to that of the cross section of the sampling head.

8. The device for intelligently measuring the fineness of the pulverized coal as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the shaft sleeve is provided with a threaded hole, and is sealed by a sealing cover plate when the measurement work is not carried out.

9. The device measuring method for intelligently measuring the fineness of the pulverized coal according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps:

after all parts are installed, a sampling transmission pipe and a conduction rod are slid to enable a sampling head and a speed measuring wind wheel to be located at the position, needing sampling and speed measuring, in a primary air pipe, a light source is turned on, and an air suction pump valve is turned on;

in the primary air pipe, the pulverized coal airflow impacts a speed measuring wind wheel on the front side, the speed measuring wind wheel rotates, the rotating speed of the speed measuring wind wheel is used as measuring data to be transmitted to a single chip microcomputer control system, the single chip microcomputer control system sends an instruction to an air suction pump, the size of the airflow is adjusted to ensure that the output of the air suction pump is the same as the speed of the pulverized coal airflow, so that constant-speed sampling is realized, and the power in the whole process is provided by the air suction pump;

thirdly, the sampling head samples the coal powder in the direction of coal powder airflow, the sampled coal powder sequentially passes through a sampling transmission pipe, a connecting pipe reaches a measuring section, the sectional area is expanded in the measuring section to cause the coal powder to be diffused, coal powder particles are not crowded together, and meanwhile, the measurement is carried out by utilizing a light resistance method, namely when the coal powder particles pass through light beams emitted by a light source, partial light is blocked to cause signal change of a photoelectric detector; then the pulverized coal falls into a cyclone tank along a pipeline, pulverized coal particles are separated from air flow by the cyclone tank, the pulverized coal particles are stored in a tank body, and the air flow is pumped out along with an air pump;

when the coal dust particles pass through the light beam, partial light is blocked to cause signal change of the photoelectric detector, the number of the signal pulses corresponds to the number of the coal dust particles, and the area of the pulses corresponds to the size of the coal dust particles; then the photoelectric detector transmits the signal to the single chip microcomputer control system, the particle size and the number of the coal dust particles are calculated through a formula arranged in the single chip microcomputer control system, the coal dust fineness is measured, and the measured coal dust fineness result is displayed in a computer;

fifthly, the coal dust particles falling into the cyclone tank are further screened to measure the fineness of the coal dust, and the measurement result of the photoresistance method is calibrated.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of thermal measurement, in particular to a device and a method for intelligently measuring the fineness of coal dust.

Background

With the continuous development of the industry, the coal energy is increasingly tense, so that the requirements on the quality components and the combustion efficiency of the coal are higher and higher. The non-uniformity of the coal dust concentration has a great influence on the combustion. If the concentration difference of the pulverized coal is too large, the combustion cannot be well organized, and flame deflection, coking, unstable combustion and the like can be caused. And the over-large or fine granularity of the coal powder can cause incomplete combustion, increased loss, reduced efficiency, increased energy consumption and the like. The coal powder pipeline is blocked due to the fact that the coal powder is uneven in concentration or inappropriate in particle size, and the blockage is eliminated by stopping or reducing the load in serious cases, so that great loss is caused, and the safe operation is influenced. The key problems of energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection in China are to improve the efficiency and reduce the emission of pollutants. The real-time online measurement of the concentration, the speed and the granularity of the pulverized coal particles in the pulverized coal pipeline plays an important role in energy conservation, emission reduction and optimal control. However, the flowing condition of the pulverized coal particles in the pulverized coal pipeline as a gas-solid two-phase flow is very complicated, which brings many difficulties to the measurement.

At present, the commonly used method for measuring the fineness of the coal dust particles is a sampling method, and the granularity of the coal dust is obtained by taking a coal dust sample out of a coal dust pipeline by using a constant-speed sampling pipe and then using a screening method and the like in a laboratory. The measuring method is long in time consumption, the real-time control cannot be actually carried out to obtain the optimal coal dust granularity, and the measured data has strong hysteresis; the physical property parameters required by the ultrasonic method greatly change along with the working condition; and thirdly, an image method, which has specific requirements on gas-solid two-phase concentration and the like, is harsh in conditions and complicated to operate.

Therefore, advanced and rapid analysis means are urgent, and particularly, an effective coal quality real-time monitoring system is developed, so that a detection result is directly fed back to an operation control center to guide combustion optimization operation. According to the change of coal quality, the combustion process is adjusted in time, so that the high-efficiency combustion and low-pollution operation of the fire coal are realized, and the method has very important significance for improving the energy utilization efficiency and reducing the pollution of the fire coal.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a device and a method for intelligently measuring the fineness of coal powder.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a device for intelligently measuring the fineness of pulverized coal comprises a light source, a primary air pipe, a sampling part, a measuring part, an air pump, a cyclone tank, a pipeline, a speed measuring part, a data line, a photoelectric detector, a singlechip control system and a computer;

two shaft sleeves are fixed on the pipe wall of one side of the primary air pipe, installation through holes and threaded holes are formed in the outer portion of the pipe wall of the other side of the primary air pipe, a sealing cover plate is connected for sealing, and a sliding strip is fixed in each shaft sleeve; the sampling part comprises a sampling head and a sampling transmission pipe, the sampling transmission pipe and the shaft sleeve form a sliding pair, and the sampling head is positioned in the primary air pipe;

the measuring part comprises a measuring section and a connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is connected with the measuring section, the sectional area of the measuring section is larger than the sectional area of the connecting pipe and the sectional area of a pipeline, a through hole is formed in the other end of the measuring section and is connected with a cyclone tank through the pipeline, the cyclone tank is connected with an air pump, and the connecting pipe and a sampling transmission pipe form a sliding pair;

the speed measuring part comprises a speed measuring wind wheel and a conducting rod, the speed measuring wind wheel is positioned in the primary wind pipe and is connected to the conducting rod through a rotating shaft, the conducting rod forms a sliding pair through a shaft sleeve, the conducting rod is additionally connected with a single chip microcomputer control system through a data line, the single chip microcomputer control system is connected with a photoelectric detector, an air pump and a computer through data lines, and the air pump is an adjustable air pump and is provided with a valve;

the light source and the photoelectric detector are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the measuring section.

Preferably, the curvature of one side of the sealing cover plate is consistent with that of the primary air pipe mounting through hole, and the other side of the sealing cover plate is provided with a threaded hole which is connected to the wall of the primary air pipe through threads.

Preferably, the outer wall of the sampling transmission pipe is provided with a sliding groove matched with the sliding strip in the shaft sleeve, and the connecting pipe is internally fixed with a sliding strip matched with the sliding groove on the outer wall of the sampling transmission pipe.

Preferably, the outer wall of the conducting rod is provided with a sliding groove matched with the sliding strip in the shaft sleeve.

Preferably, the measuring section is subjected to lens treatment, and two sides symmetrical along the central axis of the connecting pipe are provided with semi-cylinders to form two cylindrical lenses.

Preferably, the height of the section of the speed measuring wind wheel is less than that of the section of the conducting rod.

Preferably, the height of the cross section of the mounting through hole is equal to that of the cross section of the sampling head.

Preferably, the shaft sleeve is provided with a threaded hole, and the shaft sleeve is sealed by a sealing cover plate when not in measurement.

A device measuring method for intelligently measuring the fineness of coal powder comprises the following steps:

after all parts are installed, a sampling transmission pipe and a conduction rod are slid to enable a sampling head and a speed measuring wind wheel to be located at the position, needing sampling and speed measuring, in a primary air pipe, a light source is turned on, and an air suction pump valve is turned on;

in the primary air pipe, the pulverized coal airflow impacts a speed measuring wind wheel on the front side, the speed measuring wind wheel rotates, the rotating speed of the speed measuring wind wheel is used as measuring data to be transmitted to a single chip microcomputer control system, the single chip microcomputer control system sends an instruction to an air suction pump, the size of the airflow is adjusted to ensure that the output of the air suction pump is the same as the speed of the pulverized coal airflow, so that constant-speed sampling is realized, and the power in the whole process is provided by the air suction pump;

thirdly, the sampling head samples the coal powder in the direction of coal powder airflow, the sampled coal powder sequentially passes through a sampling transmission pipe, a connecting pipe reaches a measuring section, the sectional area is expanded in the measuring section to cause the coal powder to be diffused, coal powder particles are not crowded together, and meanwhile, the measurement is carried out by utilizing a light resistance method, namely when the coal powder particles pass through light beams emitted by a light source, partial light is blocked to cause signal change of a photoelectric detector; then the pulverized coal falls into a cyclone tank along a pipeline, pulverized coal particles are separated from air flow by the cyclone tank, the pulverized coal particles are stored in a tank body, and the air flow is pumped out along with an air pump;

when the coal dust particles pass through the light beam, partial light is blocked to cause signal change of the photoelectric detector, the number of the signal pulses corresponds to the number of the coal dust particles, and the area of the pulses corresponds to the size of the coal dust particles; then the photoelectric detector transmits the signal to the single chip microcomputer control system, the particle size and the number of the coal dust particles are calculated through a formula arranged in the single chip microcomputer control system, the coal dust fineness is measured, and the measured coal dust fineness result is displayed in a computer;

fifthly, the coal dust particles falling into the cyclone tank are further screened to measure the fineness of the coal dust, and the measurement result of the photoresistance method is calibrated.

The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:

according to the device for intelligently measuring the fineness of the pulverized coal, power is provided by the air pump, the speed measuring part ensures that the output of the air pump is the same as the airflow speed of the pulverized coal, so that constant-speed sampling is realized, the speed measuring part and the sampling part can slide and stretch, and sampling and speed measurement at different positions are realized; the measurement section is processed by a cylindrical lens, the measurement precision is improved, the measurement is carried out by utilizing a light resistance method, namely when the pulverized coal particles pass through light beams emitted by a light source, partial light is blocked to cause signal change of a photoelectric detector, the fineness of the pulverized coal is measured by a single chip microcomputer control system, and the result is displayed in a computer; the fineness of the coal powder can be directly measured, complex screening work is not needed, and the operation is simple.

The invention can be used as a portable coal powder fineness measuring device and an on-line coal powder fineness measuring device, measures in real time, directly displays the result, has no hysteresis, controls, optimizes and adjusts the combustion in real time, and improves the combustion efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus and method for intelligently measuring the fineness of coal fines in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of an apparatus and method for intelligently measuring the fineness of coal fines in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2 (with the sealing cover removed);

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a measurement portion;

FIG. 6 is a right side view of the measurement section;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a sampling portion;

fig. 9 is a perspective view of a velocity measuring section;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the primary air duct 1;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the primary air duct 2;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the sealing cover plate;

FIG. 13 is a left side view of the sealing cover plate;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus and method for intelligently measuring the fineness of coal fines according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a primary air pipe, 101, a shaft sleeve, 102, a sealing cover plate, 103, an installation through hole,

3. The device comprises a sampling transmission pipe, a sampling head, a sliding groove, a 4-conduction rod, a 41-speed-measuring wind wheel, a 42-rotating shaft, a 5-connecting pipe, a 51-slide bar, a 6-testing section, a 7-pipeline, a 8-cyclone tank, a 9-air pump, a 91-valve, a 10-photoelectric detector, a 11-single chip microcomputer control system, a 111-data line, a 12-computer, a 14-light source, a 15-pulverized coal airflow, a 151-pulverized coal particle, a 152-airflow and a 16-light beam.

Detailed Description

Embodiment 1 referring to fig. 1-14, a device for intelligently measuring the fineness of pulverized coal comprises a light source, a primary air pipe, a sampling part, a measuring part, an air pump, a cyclone tank, a pipeline, a speed measuring part, a data line, a photoelectric detector, a singlechip control system and a computer; the pipe wall of one side of the primary air pipe is provided with two through holes and two shaft sleeves are fixed along the through holes, the outer part of the pipe wall of the other side is provided with an installation through hole and a threaded hole, the installation through hole is connected with a sealing cover plate for sealing, the installation through hole is used for a sampling part, and a slide bar is fixed in the shaft sleeve; the sampling part comprises a sampling head and a sampling transmission pipe, the sampling transmission pipe and the shaft sleeve form a sliding pair, the sampling head is positioned in the primary air pipe, and the sampling transmission pipe can slide in the shaft sleeve;

the measuring part comprises a measuring section and a connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is connected with the measuring section, the sectional area of the measuring section is larger than the sectional area of the connecting pipe and the sectional area of the pipeline, pulverized coal particles can be diffused and are not crowded together, and the measuring precision is improved; the other end of the measuring section is provided with a through hole which is connected with a cyclone tank through a pipeline, the cyclone tank is connected with an air pump, a connecting pipe and a sampling transmission pipe form a sliding pair, the sampling transmission pipe can slide in the telescopic pipe to cause the telescopic pipe to stretch, so that a sampling head can sample at different positions in a primary air pipe, and the connection with the telescopic pipe is also ensured;

the speed measuring part comprises a speed measuring wind wheel and a conducting rod, the speed measuring wind wheel is positioned in the primary air pipe and is connected to the conducting rod through a rotating shaft, the conducting rod forms a sliding pair through a shaft sleeve, the conducting rod slides in the shaft sleeve, so that the speed measuring wind wheel can measure the speed at different positions in the primary air pipe, the conducting rod is additionally connected with a single chip microcomputer control system through a data line, the single chip microcomputer control system is connected with a photoelectric detector, an air pump and a computer through the data line, and the air pump is an adjustable air pump and is provided with a valve;

the light source and the photoelectric detector are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the measuring section about the central axis of the telescopic pipe, so that the light beam is ensured to be irradiated on the pulverized coal particles to the maximum extent, and the photoelectric detector also receives the maximum signal;

the curvature of one side of the sealing cover plate is matched with the curvature of the pipe wall of the primary air pipe, the mounting through hole can be perfectly sealed, the smooth flow of pulverized coal airflow is ensured, and the threaded hole is formed in the other side of the sealing cover plate and is connected to the pipe wall of the primary air pipe through threads.

Open on the sample transmission pipe outer wall have with axle sleeve in the spout of draw runner assorted, the connecting pipe is intraductal to be fixed with the draw runner that matches with the sample transmission pipe outer wall spout, does not influence the smoothness nature of sample transmission pipe, makes the sample transmission pipe only slide in axle sleeve and connecting pipe inside and does not rotate, has also guaranteed that the sealed of three connection does not reveal.

Open on the conduction pole outer wall have with axle sleeve in the spout of draw runner assorted, do not influence the smoothness nature of conduction pole, guarantee that the conduction pole only slides and does not rotate in the axle sleeve is inside, also guaranteed sealed not revealing.

The measuring section is processed by a lens, and two symmetrical sides along the central axis of the connecting pipe are provided with half cylinders to form two cylindrical lenses, so that light beams are diffused and focused, and the measuring precision is improved.

The section height of the speed measuring wind wheel is smaller than that of the conducting rod, the telescopic freedom of the speed measuring part is guaranteed, and the speed measuring wind wheel is convenient to detach and install. The height of the cross section of the mounting through hole is equal to that of the cross section of the sampling head, so that the sampling part can be conveniently mounted and dismounted. One side of the shaft sleeve is provided with a threaded hole, and the shaft sleeve can be sealed by a sealing cover plate when not in measurement.

Embodiment 2 the method for measuring the fineness of pulverized coal using the intelligent device of embodiment 1 includes the following steps:

after all the parts are installed, the sampling transmission pipe and the conduction rod are slid to enable the sampling head and the speed measuring wind wheel to be located at the part, needing sampling and speed measuring, in the primary air pipe, a light source is turned on, and an air suction pump valve is turned on; in the primary air pipe, the pulverized coal airflow impacts the speed measuring wind wheel from the front side, the speed measuring wind wheel rotates, the rotating speed of the speed measuring wind wheel is transmitted to the single chip microcomputer control system as measuring data, the single chip microcomputer control system sends an instruction to the air suction pump, the air suction pump is started, the output of the air suction pump is ensured to be the same as the speed of the pulverized coal airflow, so that constant-speed sampling is realized, and the power in the whole process is provided by the air suction pump; the sampling head samples the coal powder in the coal powder airflow direction, the sampled coal powder sequentially passes through the sampling transmission pipe, the connecting pipe reaches the measuring section, the sectional area is expanded in the measuring section to cause the coal powder to be diffused, the coal powder particles are not crowded together, and meanwhile, the measuring is carried out by using a light resistance method, namely when the coal powder particles pass through light beams emitted by a light source, part of light is blocked to cause signal change of a photoelectric detector; then the pulverized coal falls into a cyclone tank along a pipeline, pulverized coal particles are separated from air flow by the cyclone tank, the pulverized coal particles are stored in a tank body, and the air flow is pumped out along with an air pump.

When the coal dust particles pass through the light beam, partial light is blocked to cause signal change of the photoelectric detector, the number of the signal pulses corresponds to the number of the coal dust particles, and the area of the pulses corresponds to the size of the coal dust particles; then the photoelectric detector transmits the signal to the single chip microcomputer control system, the particle size and the number of the coal dust particles are calculated through a formula arranged in the single chip microcomputer control system, the coal dust fineness is measured, and the measured coal dust fineness result is displayed in a computer; the pulverized coal particles falling into the cyclone tank can be further calibrated or calibrated by screening and measuring the fineness of the pulverized coal.

The coal powder fineness calculation formula is measured (a singlechip control system is arranged):

suppose that a sample has n particles, each of which has a diameter D_iThe particle diameters of the parts with the diameters larger than 90 mu m are respectively D₁，D₂，D₃…D_jThe fineness of pulverized coal R₉₀The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:

similarly, the fineness of pulverized coal R₂₀₀The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:

according to the above calculation, if R is measured_x(i.e. the ratio of the particle diameter of the test coal powder to be larger than x mu m), inputting x into the controller, and measuring the corresponding coal powder fineness R_x。

Secondly, calculating the coal powder uniformity index: index reflecting the particle size distribution of the coal fines, denoted by n:

the invention can measure the fineness of all coal dust particles in a sample, and the traditional sieving instrument needs various pore size standard sieves and can display various particle size distributions through programming, and even further expand a singlechip control system and access a DCS control system of a thermal power generating unit, control the equipment to optimize operation and adjust boiler combustion in real time, improve the combustion efficiency and have better guiding function on the operation of a combustion and pulverizing system. In addition, through the particle size distribution, the method also provides a certain reference significance for the research on the aspects of coal quality, coal blending and burning and the like.