阅读说明：本技术 变厚度板件的制造方法、变厚度板件及航空设备 (Manufacturing method of variable-thickness plate, variable-thickness plate and aviation equipment ) 是由 卢鹄 陈保国 于 2018-08-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种变厚度板件的制造方法、变厚度板件及航空设备,属于机械制造技术领域。本发明所提供的变厚度板件的制造方法具体包括三个步骤,首先利用滚弯设备将板件滚弯至预设弧度,然后沿第一方向拉伸板件,对板件在厚度方向上的应力进行校正,最后在板件的厚度方向上进行加工以形成变厚度板件。该制造方法通过在滚弯成形工序和厚度加工工序增加了拉伸校正工序,在极大程度上均衡了板件在厚度方向上的应力,从而解决了滚弯工序导致的板件在厚度方向上应力不均且无规律的问题,避免了后续厚度加工工序中由于应力不均导致的板件变形严重的问题,在极大程度上提高了变厚度板件最终的成型精度以及最终形状的稳定性。(The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a variable-thickness plate, the variable-thickness plate and aviation equipment, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing. The manufacturing method of the variable-thickness plate comprises three steps of firstly, utilizing roll bending equipment to roll bend the plate to a preset radian, then stretching the plate along a first direction, correcting the stress of the plate in the thickness direction, and finally processing the plate in the thickness direction to form the variable-thickness plate. According to the manufacturing method, the stretching correction process is added in the roll bending forming process and the thickness processing process, and the stress of the plate in the thickness direction is balanced to the greatest extent, so that the problem that the stress of the plate in the thickness direction is uneven and irregular due to the roll bending process is solved, the problem that the plate is seriously deformed due to uneven stress in the subsequent thickness processing process is avoided, and the final forming precision and the final shape stability of the variable-thickness plate are improved to the greatest extent.)

1. A method of manufacturing a variable thickness sheet member, comprising the steps of:

s1: roll bending the plate (1) to a preset radian by using roll bending equipment;

s2: stretching the plate (1) in a first direction to correct the stress in the thickness direction of the plate (1);

s3: and machining in the thickness direction of the plate (1) to form a variable-thickness plate.

2. The method of manufacturing variable thickness sheet members according to claim 1,

the plate member (1) after the step S1 includes an arc-shaped side surface (101) and a straight side surface (102).

3. The method of manufacturing variable thickness sheet members according to claim 2,

the first direction is perpendicular to the curved side surface (101).

4. The method of manufacturing variable thickness sheet members according to claim 2,

the first direction is perpendicular to the straight side (102).

5. The method of manufacturing variable thickness sheet members according to claim 3 or 4,

in step S2, the tension for stretching the panel (1) is uniformly distributed on the curved side (101) or the straight side (102).

6. The method of manufacturing variable thickness sheet members according to claim 1,

in step S2, the amount of tensile deformation of the panel (1) is less than a preset value.

7. The method of manufacturing variable thickness sheet members according to claim 6,

the preset value is 3%.

8. The method of manufacturing variable thickness sheet members according to claim 1,

in step S3, machining is performed in the thickness direction of the panel (1) using mechanical milling or chemical milling.

9. A variable thickness plate member, characterized by being manufactured using the manufacturing method of a variable thickness plate member according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An aircraft device comprising a panel, wherein the panel is formed from a variable thickness sheet material as claimed in claim 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing, in particular to a manufacturing method of a variable-thickness plate, a plate manufactured by the manufacturing method and aviation equipment using the plate.

Background

With the rapid development of the aviation industry, the classification of aviation equipment is more and more refined, and the types of the aviation equipment are more and more. Taking the most important aviation equipment airplanes as an example, besides airliners, which are the most important transportation means for long-distance travel in daily life of people, the aircrafts also include various other types of aircrafts, such as agricultural machines for agricultural production, forest protection machines for forest protection, aerial survey machines, medical rescue machines, meteorological monitoring machines, tourist machines, experimental research machines, law enforcement machines, and the like.

Performance enhancement and weight reduction are two major topics currently in the aviation industry. In order to meet the two main subjects, most aviation equipment adopts an integral wallboard to replace a spliced wallboard formed by a riveting process. Because the design of aeronautical equipment needs accord with hydrodynamics, consequently the wallboard on the aeronautical equipment is mostly the curved surface, and the wallboard thickness of different positions department is different. In the prior art, the variable thickness wallboard is generally manufactured by adopting a mode of roll bending and milling a plate. Because the volume of whole plate is great, after roll bending processing forms certain radian, stress distribution in thickness direction can be very inhomogeneous and irregular to lead to when carrying out follow-up milling, destroy the original stress balance state of plate very easily, make the plate produce serious deformation, this deformation can't predict and can't eliminate, not only can produce serious influence to the final precision of the wallboard that forms, still can reduce the navigation performance and the life of the aeronautical equipment who uses this wallboard.

Therefore, how to provide a method for manufacturing a variable-thickness plate capable of overcoming the above problems is a technical problem which needs to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

A first object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a variable-thickness plate, which is simple in process, can eliminate stress concentration in the plate, and is advantageous for improving the accuracy of the plate after molding.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a plate, the stress inside the plate is uniformly distributed, and the shape precision of the plate is high.

The third purpose of the invention is to provide the aviation equipment which has high appearance precision, high stability, low self weight, long service life and high sailing performance.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method of manufacturing a variable thickness sheet member, comprising the steps of:

s1: rolling and bending the plate to a preset radian by using rolling and bending equipment;

s2: stretching the plate along a first direction to correct the stress in the thickness direction of the plate;

s3: and processing in the thickness direction of the plate to form the variable-thickness plate.

Preferably, the plate member after the step S1 includes an arc-shaped side surface and a straight side surface.

Preferably, the first direction is perpendicular to the curved side surface.

Preferably, the first direction is perpendicular to the straight side.

Preferably, in step S2, the tensile force for stretching the panel is uniformly distributed on the curved side or the straight side.

Preferably, in step S2, the amount of tensile deformation of the panel is less than a preset value.

Preferably, the preset value is 3%.

Preferably, in step S3, machining is performed in the thickness direction of the panel using mechanical milling or chemical milling.

A variable thickness plate is manufactured by the manufacturing method of the variable thickness plate.

The aviation equipment comprises a wall plate, wherein the wall plate is made of the variable-thickness plate.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention provides a manufacturing method of a variable-thickness plate, which comprises the following three steps of firstly, utilizing roll bending equipment to roll bend the plate to a preset radian, then stretching the plate along a first direction, correcting the stress of the plate in the thickness direction, and finally processing the plate in the thickness direction to form the variable-thickness plate. According to the manufacturing method, the stretching correction process is added in the roll bending forming process and the thickness processing process, and the stress of the plate in the thickness direction is balanced to the greatest extent, so that the problem that the stress of the plate in the thickness direction is uneven and irregular due to the roll bending process is solved, the problem that the plate is seriously deformed due to uneven stress in the subsequent thickness processing process is avoided, and the final forming precision and the final shape stability of the variable-thickness plate are improved to the greatest extent.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a variable thickness plate member according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a stress distribution diagram of the method for manufacturing a variable thickness sheet member provided by the present invention after step S1;

FIG. 3 is a first schematic view of the first direction in step S2 of the method for manufacturing a variable thickness plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a second schematic view of the first direction in step S2 of the method for manufacturing a variable thickness plate according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a stress distribution diagram after step S2 by using the manufacturing method of the variable thickness sheet member provided by the present invention.

In the figure:

1. a plate member; 101. an arc-shaped side surface; 102. straightening the side surface;

2. and a support member.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.

The embodiment provides a manufacturing method of a variable-thickness plate, the manufacturing method has simple steps, can effectively balance the stress distribution of the plate 1 in the thickness direction, eliminates the stress concentration of the local part of the plate 1, avoids irregular bending and deformation of the plate 1 caused by subsequent stress concentration, and is beneficial to improving the final forming precision and forming stability of the plate 1. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the manufacturing method of the variable thickness plate specifically includes the following three steps:

s1: and (6) roll bending and forming. Namely, the straight plate 1 is roll-bent to a preset radian by using roll bending equipment. In the present embodiment, the specific type of the roll bending apparatus is not limited, and any apparatus may be used as long as it can perform the roll bending task, such as a roll bending machine, an arc bending machine, and the like. After roll bending forming, the straight plate 1 is bent to form a certain radian, the end surfaces of the plate 1 become two arc surfaces concentrically arranged, and the side surfaces of the plate 1 form an arc end surface and a straight side surface 102 according to different positions on the plate 1. Because in the manufacturing process, the initial shape of plate 1 is mostly the rectangle, therefore plate 1 includes the straight terminal surface of two parallels and relative settings and the arc terminal surface of two parallels and relative settings. The size of the arc of the plate 1 after being rolled is not limited herein, and is determined according to the application and design value of the plate 1. The material of the plate 1 is not limited, and may be, for example, a metal material or a polymer material. The stress distribution of the plate 1 after the roll bending deformation in the thickness direction is not only uneven but also irregular as shown in fig. 2.

S2: and (6) correcting stretching. That is, the plate member 1 is slightly stretched in the first direction to change the stress distribution of the plate member 1 in the thickness direction, and the stress of the plate member 1 in the thickness direction is corrected. Specifically, the first direction is the outward direction of the vertical curved side 101 as shown in fig. 3. The plate 1 is stretched by pulling the end of the plate 1 provided with the arc-shaped side surface 101 by using a stretching device and applying a certain pulling force F outwards perpendicular to the arc-shaped side surface 101 for a time t. Since the arc-shaped side surfaces 101 are located at the side portions of the entire plate member 1, which represents the thickness of the entire plate member 1, the plate member 1 can be plastically deformed slightly by applying the vertical pulling force F to the arc-shaped side surfaces 101, and the molecular arrangement in the thickness direction inside the plate member 1 is changed, thereby changing the stress distribution in the thickness direction. Of course, the straight side 102 can reflect the thickness of the plate member 1 as well as the arc-shaped side 101, so that the first direction can also be a direction perpendicular to the straight side 102 and outward as shown in fig. 4. The stress distribution in the thickness direction of the sheet member 1 after the stretch correction becomes uniform and equal as shown in fig. 5, thereby providing a good processing base for the next process.

In order to improve the effect of the stretching correction, the tensile force F of the stretching plate member 1 is uniformly distributed on the curved side surface 101 or the straight side surface 102 in step S2. The size of pulling force F and the size of tensile time t carry out concrete restriction according to the material of plate 1, but need guarantee that the tensile deformation of plate 1 will be less than the default after the tensile correction of pulling force F to avoid tensile transition to snap plate 1, produce destructive influence to plate 1 stress distribution in the thickness direction. In the present embodiment, the preset value is set to 3%, and the preset value below 3% can prevent the plate 1 from being pulled apart on the premise of ensuring the stress correction effect. Further, when the plate member 1 is stretched, it is possible to simultaneously stretch in opposite directions on the two arc-shaped sides 101 or the two straight sides 102, thereby improving the effect of stretch correction. The stretching correction can adopt one-time stretching in place or can adopt superposition of a plurality of stretches. When the multiple stretching is adopted, the superposition value of the stretching deformation amounts of the multiple stretching is not more than 3%. In order to improve the stability of the stretching process, the plate member 1 may be placed on the supporting member 2, and the supporting surface of the supporting member 2 has the same curvature as that of the plate member 1.

S3: and (5) thickness processing. After the sheet member 1 is stretched to correct the stress in the thickness thereof, the thickness of the sheet member 1 is processed in accordance with the design shape to form a variable thickness sheet member. The machining method may be machining, for example, mechanical milling, which is a machining method for machining the surface of a workpiece using a milling cutter as a tool. In order to improve the milling precision, a numerically controlled milling machine can be adopted to perform the milling task. Of course, besides mechanical milling, chemical milling can be adopted, wherein chemical milling is to protect the part of the surface of the workpiece which is not required to be machined by a corrosion-resistant coating, then the workpiece is immersed in a chemical solution with proper components, the exposed machined surface of the workpiece reacts with the chemical solution, materials are continuously dissolved and removed, the workpiece is taken out after a certain time reaches a preset depth, and the workpiece obtains the required shape and thickness.

According to the manufacturing method of the variable-thickness plate, the stretching correction process is added between the roll bending forming process and the thickness processing process, the plate 1 is subjected to micro plastic deformation after the roll bending process by utilizing the tension F, so that the stress of the plate 1 in the thickness direction is balanced to the greatest extent, the stress of the plate 1 in the hoop direction tends to be identical and uniform, the problems that the stress of the plate 1 caused by the roll bending process is uneven and irregular in the thickness direction are solved, the problem that the plate 1 caused by uneven stress in the subsequent thickness processing process is seriously deformed is avoided, and the final forming precision and the stability of the final shape of the variable-thickness plate are improved to the greatest extent. In addition, the method has the advantages of low cost of the whole process, convenient realization and short processing period, and the manufacturing method of the variable-thickness plate is not limited by the material, the size and the thickness of the plate 1, does not need heating treatment in the whole process, has small required plastic deformation, has wide application range, and is particularly suitable for forming plate-shaped parts which have high temperature sensitivity and can not be subjected to hot processing.

The embodiment also provides a variable-thickness plate which is manufactured by adopting the manufacturing method of the variable-thickness plate, has high appearance precision, uniform stress distribution in the variable-thickness plate, high stability of the appearance and difficult deformation and bending.

The present embodiment also provides an aircraft device using the variable thickness plate as a wall plate, and the type of the aircraft device is not limited, and the aircraft device may be an airplane, a rocket, or the like. Through adopting above-mentioned variable thickness plate spare, this aeronautical equipment not only appearance precision is high, and stability is high, and the dead weight is low, long service life, and navigation performance is high.

It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.