阅读说明：本技术 自动车钩及缓冲装置 (Automatic coupler and buffering device ) 是由 赵程 景亮 李东锋 山红兵 燕玲 陈燕静 于 2021-07-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明所公开的自动车钩及缓冲装置,包括第一墙板和第二墙板和远程控制模块,所述第一墙板和第二墙板上分别设置有车钩和排气室,且排气室的外部一端设置有安装室,所述安装室上设置有夹持机构,且夹持机构通过远程控制模块作用于车钩,所述安装室和排气室连接处的底部开有缓冲孔,所述排气室位于缓冲孔的一侧固定安装有第二弹簧。本发明中利用缓冲过程产生的气体压差带动内部润滑油并从泄压孔处喷出,从而对装置表面的部件进行润滑油的喷淋,从而在缓冲的过程中,有效地增加了对于装置润滑维护的功能,同时,由于泄压孔作为唯一的气体出口,使得被气压加快的流速使得喷出的润滑油能够分散、充分地运用,从而保证了喷淋润滑油的利用率。(The invention discloses an automatic coupler and a buffer device, which comprises a first wall plate, a second wall plate and a remote control module, wherein a coupler and an exhaust chamber are respectively arranged on the first wall plate and the second wall plate, an installation chamber is arranged at one end of the outside of the exhaust chamber, a clamping mechanism is arranged on the installation chamber, the clamping mechanism acts on the coupler through the remote control module, a buffer hole is formed in the bottom of the joint of the installation chamber and the exhaust chamber, and a second spring is fixedly arranged on one side of the exhaust chamber, which is positioned on the buffer hole. The invention utilizes the gas pressure difference generated in the buffering process to drive the internal lubricating oil to be sprayed out from the pressure relief hole, so that the lubricating oil is sprayed on the parts on the surface of the device, thereby effectively increasing the lubricating and maintaining functions of the device in the buffering process, and simultaneously, the pressure relief hole is used as a unique gas outlet, so that the flow velocity accelerated by the gas pressure enables the sprayed lubricating oil to be dispersed and fully utilized, thereby ensuring the utilization rate of the sprayed lubricating oil.)

1. A buffering device comprises a first wall plate (1), a second wall plate (9) and a remote control module, wherein a main hook rod (16) and an exhaust chamber (8) are respectively arranged on the first wall plate (1) and the second wall plate (9), an installation chamber (24) is arranged at one end of the outside of the exhaust chamber (8), a clamping mechanism is arranged on the installation chamber (24) and acts on the main hook rod (16) through the remote control module, a buffer hole (38) is formed in the bottom of the joint of the installation chamber (24) and the exhaust chamber (8), the buffering device is characterized in that a second spring (27) is fixedly arranged at one side of the exhaust chamber (8) located at the buffer hole (38), a piston (22) is fixedly arranged at one end of the outside of the second spring (27), and an electric rod (37) is fixedly arranged at the inner part of the exhaust chamber (8) far away from the center of one side of the buffer hole (38), be provided with wireless module and remote control module connection on electric pole (37), and the outside one end fixed mounting of electric pole (37) has telescopic link (20), the outside one end fixed mounting of telescopic link (20) has sealed piece (21), fixed mounting has first spring (19) between sealed piece (21) and exhaust chamber (8), the front of exhaust chamber (8) is located the corresponding position of telescopic link (20) center department and opens has pressure release hole (10) that run through, and the outside of exhaust chamber (8) is provided with oil storage chamber (7), and oil storage chamber (7) are equipped with oil pipe (25), oil pipe (25) are in the position between pressure release hole (10) and installation chamber (24), and are provided with installing port (26) that correspond with oil pipe (25) on exhaust chamber (8).

2. The buffer device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a supporting block (11) is fixedly installed between the oil storage chamber (7) and the exhaust chamber (8), a fixing plate (29) is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the oil pipe (25), installation blocks are fixedly installed on the edge of the fixing plate (29) at equal intervals and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the oil pipe (25), an installation hole (32) is formed in the middle of the fixing plate (29), and an installation sleeve (33) is fixedly installed at the top of the installation hole (32).

3. The buffer device as claimed in claim 2, wherein a third spring (28) is fixedly installed inside the installation sleeve (33), a movable plate (30) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the third spring (28), fixture blocks (31) are fixedly installed at the outer edge of the movable plate (30) at equal intervals, a leakage groove (34) is formed between the movable plate (30) and the fixture blocks (31), the shape of the fixture blocks (31) is consistent with the area formed between the fixed plate (29) and the connecting block, the top of the fixture blocks (31) is higher than that of the movable plate (30), and the bottom of the fixture blocks (31) is provided with tapered chamfers (39).

4. The buffer device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the clamping mechanism comprises a clamping plate (35), an adjusting rod (3), a limiting plate (14), a clamp mounting plate (5) and a clamping strip (36), a clamping groove (15) corresponding to the clamping strip (36) is formed in the middle of the main hook rod (16), a mounting block (13) is fixedly mounted between the clamp mounting plate (5) and the mounting chamber (24), and the limiting plate (14) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of one side of the clamp mounting plate (5) close to the first wall plate (1).

5. The damping device according to claim 4, characterized in that the adjusting rod (3) is inserted in the middle of the limiting plate (14), the top of the clamp mounting plate (5) is provided with a mounting groove, and a power assembly is arranged in the mounting groove.

6. The damping device according to claim 5, characterized in that the power assembly comprises a driven gear (18), a transmission gear (4) and a servo motor (12), the servo motor (12) is fixedly installed in the middle of the mounting block (13), the transmission gear (4) is fixedly installed on the top of an output shaft of the servo motor (12), the transmission gear (4) is meshed with the driven gear (18), and the adjusting rod (3) is connected to the middle of the driven gear (18) through threads.

7. The damping device according to claim 6, characterized in that a limiting sleeve (2) is fixedly mounted on the top of the driven gear (18), and the limiting sleeve (2) is positioned outside the top end of the adjusting rod (3).

8. A buffer device according to claim 2, wherein an oil filling port (6) is fixedly arranged on one side of the top of the oil storage chamber (7), a regulating valve acted by a remote control module is arranged in the middle of the oil filling port (6), and a pressure sensor is arranged in the exhaust chamber (8).

9. The damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that a sealing ring is arranged on the side of the main hook rod (16) close to the mounting chamber (24), and a damping sleeve (17) is fixedly arranged on the side of the main hook rod (16) contacting with the first wall plate (1).

10. An automatic coupler characterized in that it comprises a damping device according to any one of claims 1-9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automatic car couplers, in particular to an automatic car coupler and a buffer device.

Background

The coupler is a vehicle part used for realizing coupling between a locomotive and a vehicle or between the vehicle and the vehicle, transmitting traction force and impact force and keeping a certain distance between the vehicles. The car coupler is classified into a spiral car coupler, a tight-lock type automatic car coupler, an automatic car coupler, a rotary car coupler and the like according to the structural types of the car coupler. The bumpers are used to dampen longitudinal shock and vibration of the train during operation due to changes in locomotive tractive effort or vehicle collisions during starting, braking and shunting operations. The bumper has the function of dissipating shock and vibration between vehicles, thereby mitigating the damaging effects on the vehicle body structure and the loaded cargo. The working principle of the shock absorber is to relax the impact force by compressing the elastic member while absorbing the impact energy by friction and damping during the deformation of the elastic member.

In the rail transit field, because automatic coupling has accurate, stable characteristic, it is continuous to have now extensively adopted automatic coupling to hang, in the practical application, automatic coupling often has buffer gear from the area, the stability and the safety of connecting when guaranteeing in-service use, current automatic coupling is maintained comparatively frequently, not only need overhaul, still need lubricate the maintenance such as subassembly, consume time and consume power in the use of reality, especially to the lubricated maintenance degree of difficulty between the part big, consuming time for a long time, also need very troublesome operation when the part is changed with the time back, there are more problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical defects and provides an automatic coupler and a buffer device.

The invention discloses a buffer device, which comprises a first wall plate, a second wall plate and a remote control module, wherein a main hook rod and an exhaust chamber are respectively arranged on the first wall plate and the second wall plate, an installation chamber is arranged at one end outside the exhaust chamber, a clamping mechanism is arranged on the installation chamber and acts on the main hook rod through the remote control module, a buffer hole is formed in the bottom of the joint of the installation chamber and the exhaust chamber, a second spring is fixedly arranged at one side of the exhaust chamber, which is positioned at the buffer hole, a piston is fixedly arranged at one end outside the second spring, an electric rod is fixedly arranged inside the center of one side of the exhaust chamber, which is far away from the buffer hole, a wireless module is arranged on the electric rod and connected with the remote control module, a telescopic rod is fixedly arranged at one end outside the electric rod, and a sealing block is fixedly arranged at one end outside the telescopic rod, fixed mounting has first spring between piston and the exhaust chamber, the front of exhaust chamber is located the corresponding position of telescopic link center department and opens the pressure release hole that has the penetration, and the outside of exhaust chamber is provided with the oil storage chamber, and the oil storage chamber is equipped with oil pipe, oil pipe is in the position between pressure release hole and installation room, and is provided with the installing port that corresponds with oil pipe on the exhaust chamber.

Further, fixed mounting has the supporting shoe between oil storage chamber and the exhaust chamber, oil pipe's inboard middle part is provided with the fixed plate, and the edge equidistance fixed mounting of fixed plate has the installation piece to be fixed continuous with oil pipe's inner wall, open at the middle part of fixed plate has the mounting hole, and the top fixed mounting of mounting hole has the installation cover.

Further, the inside fixed mounting of installation cover has the third spring, the bottom fixed mounting of third spring has the fly leaf, the outer edge equidistance fixed mounting of fly leaf has the fixture block, form the weeping groove between fly leaf and the fixture block, the fixture block shape is unanimous with the region that forms between fixed plate and the connecting block, and the top height of fixture block is higher than the top of fly leaf, the bottom of fixture block is provided with the toper chamfer.

Further, fixture includes splint, regulation pole, limiting plate, anchor clamps mounting panel and card strip, open at the middle part of main hook pole has the draw-in groove that corresponds with the card strip, fixed mounting has the installation piece between anchor clamps mounting panel and the installation room, limiting plate fixed mounting is in the one side bottom that the anchor clamps mounting panel is close to first wallboard.

Furthermore, the adjusting rod is inserted in the middle of the limiting plate, a mounting groove is formed in the top of the clamp mounting plate, and a power assembly is arranged inside the mounting groove.

Furthermore, the power assembly comprises a driven gear, a transmission gear and a servo motor, the servo motor is fixedly installed in the middle of the installation block, the transmission gear is fixedly installed at the top of an output shaft of the servo motor, the transmission gear is meshed with the driven gear, and the adjusting rod is connected to the middle of the driven gear through threads.

Furthermore, a limiting sleeve is fixedly mounted at the top of the driven gear, and the limiting sleeve is located outside the top end of the adjusting rod.

Further, top one side fixed mounting of oil storage chamber has the oiling mouth, the middle part of oiling mouth is provided with the governing valve through the remote control module effect, the inside of exhaust chamber is provided with pressure sensor.

Furthermore, a sealing ring is arranged on one side, close to the mounting chamber, of the main hook rod, and a buffer sleeve is fixedly mounted on one side, in contact with the first wall plate, of the main hook rod.

The invention designs an automatic coupler which comprises any one of the buffer device and the connecting piece.

According to the automatic coupler and the buffer device designed by the invention, the lubricating oil is filled in the oil storage chamber before the use through the arranged oil storage chamber, before the air is exhausted from the pressure relief hole, the lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber cannot flow out due to the action of air pressure, when the air is released from the pressure relief hole, the air is discharged outwards due to the beginning of air release, and the pressure difference is generated by increasing the pressure intensity of the air in the oil storage chamber, at the moment, the air in the oil storage chamber circulates to drive the internal lubricating oil to be sprayed out from the pressure relief hole, so that the lubricating oil is sprayed on the parts on the surface of the device, therefore, in the buffer process, the lubricating and maintaining functions of the device are effectively increased, and meanwhile, the pressure relief hole is used as a unique air outlet, so that the sprayed lubricating oil can be dispersed and fully used, and the utilization rate of the sprayed lubricating oil is ensured;

according to the automatic coupler and the buffer device designed by the invention, the arranged main hook rod can be fixedly arranged on the first wall plate through any installation mode in the prior art, such as screw fixation, an installation chamber is arranged at one end outside the exhaust chamber, and the installation chamber is fixedly arranged at one end outside the exhaust chamber through a detachable installation mode, such as screw fixation, after the installation through the installation modes, the main hook rod is still easy to wear after being buffered due to stress, and needs to be periodically overhauled, so that the disassembly and the assembly are convenient for periodic overhaul and maintenance;

the automatic coupler and the buffering device designed by the invention have the advantages that through the arranged clamping mechanism, the main hook rod reaches the inside of the installation chamber, the installation chamber is connected with the remote control module to send a signal to control the clamping mechanism to clamp the main hook rod, when the coupler is connected, the buffer and the installation are carried out through the relative motion of the main hook rod and the installation chamber, the air exhaust chamber is arranged to control the air pressure in the buffering process, the whole process is remotely observed and controlled by a user through the remote control module, specifically, the servo motor operates to drive the transmission gear, so that the driven gear rotates, the adjusting rod in threaded connection moves up and down, when the adjusting rod moves, the clamping strip on the clamping plate is matched and connected with the clamping groove on the main hook rod, so as to lock, the servo motor is remotely controlled through the remote control module during use, the remote control module sends a signal according to the installation completion of the main hook rod at the installation position of the main hook rod, the servo motor is controlled to operate and drive to be locked, so that remote control is facilitated, and the manual operation difficulty is effectively reduced.

According to the automatic coupler and the buffer device designed by the invention, through the regulating valve which is arranged and acts through the remote control module, when the automatic coupler and the buffer device are used, if damage is generated in the device, part of paths are blocked or other states cause overlarge internal pressure, the numerical value of the pressure sensor is read through the remote control module to judge whether the abnormal condition exists or not, and after the overlarge pressure is confirmed, the gas passage is formed among the exhaust chamber, the mounting chamber and the main hook rod by controlling the opening of the oil injection port, so that the exhaust speed of internal gas is accelerated, and the emergency can be adapted.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing the connection of the main hook shaft of embodiment 1;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the flow control mechanism of embodiment 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a movable plate portion of embodiment 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a holding mechanism and a joint thereof according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a holding mechanism of embodiment 1;

fig. 8 is a schematic side view of the chucking mechanism of embodiment 1.

In the figure: the device comprises a first wall plate 1, a limiting sleeve 2, an adjusting rod 3, a transmission gear 4, a clamp mounting plate 5, an oil injection port 6, an oil storage chamber 7, an exhaust chamber 8, a second wall plate 9, a pressure relief hole 10, a supporting block 11, a servo motor 12, a mounting block 13, a limiting plate 14, a clamping groove 15, a main hook rod 16, a buffer ring 17, a driven gear 18, a first spring 19, a telescopic rod 20, a sealing block 21, a piston 22, a buffer block 23, a mounting chamber 24, an oil pipe 25, a mounting hole 26, a second spring 27, a third spring 28, a fixing plate 29, a movable plate 30, a clamping block 31, a mounting hole 32, a mounting sleeve 33, a liquid leakage groove 34, a clamping plate 35, a clamping strip 36, an electric rod 37, a buffer hole 38 and a conical chamfer 39.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1-2, the buffering device described in this embodiment includes a first wall panel 1, a second wall panel 9 and a remote control module, a main hook 16 and an exhaust chamber 8 are respectively disposed on the first wall panel 1 and the second wall panel 9, the main hook 16 can be fixedly mounted on the first wall panel 1 by any mounting method in the prior art, such as fixing with screws, an installation chamber 24 is disposed at one end of the outside of the exhaust chamber 8, the installation chamber 24 is fixedly mounted at one end of the outside of the exhaust chamber 8 by a detachable mounting method, such as fixing with screws, after being mounted, because the main hook 16 is stressed and is still easily worn after being buffered, regular maintenance is required, and disassembly and assembly are facilitated for regular maintenance;

installation room 24 and exhaust chamber 8 are through sealed processing when installing, increase the gas tightness of device effectively, be provided with fixture on the installation room 24, and fixture acts on main hook pole 16 through remote control module, reach the inside of installation room 24 at main hook pole 16, it carries out the centre gripping to main hook pole 16 to be connected signaling control fixture with remote control module in the installation room 24, when linking, cushion and install through the relative motion in main hook pole 16 and the installation room 24, the setting of exhaust chamber 8 is used for the gas control of buffering process, whole process is all carried out remote observation and remote control by the user through remote control module.

As shown in fig. 1-3, a buffer hole 38 is formed at the bottom of the connection between the installation chamber 24 and the exhaust chamber 8, a second spring 27 is fixedly installed at one side of the exhaust chamber 8 located at the buffer hole 38, a piston 22 is fixedly installed at one external end of the second spring 27, an electric rod 37 is fixedly installed inside the center of one side of the exhaust chamber 8 far away from the buffer hole 38, a wireless module connected with a remote control module is arranged on the electric rod 37, an expansion link 20 is fixedly installed at one external end of the electric rod 37, a sealing block 21 is fixedly installed at one external end of the expansion link 20, a first spring 19 is fixedly installed between the sealing block 21 and the exhaust chamber 8, a pressure relief hole 10 penetrating through the front of the exhaust chamber 8 is formed at a corresponding position at the center of the expansion link 20, when the main hook rod 16 starts to enter the installation chamber 24, at this time, the internal space of the installation chamber 24 is reduced, the internal air can only escape through a passage formed between the buffer hole 38 and the pressure relief hole, in this process, due to the continuous pressure on the side of the main hook rod 16, the compressed air in the installation chamber 24 starts to act on the piston 22, the piston 22 is driven to move, and the friction between the piston 22 and the exhaust chamber 8 and the deformation process of the second spring 27 are the first step of buffering in the installation process of the main hook rod 16; the piston 22 moves continuously and starts to contact and press the sealing block 21 connected with the telescopic rod 20 and the second spring 27, and the friction between the sealing block 21 and the exhaust chamber 8 and the deformation of the telescopic rod 20 and the second spring 27 driven by the sealing block 21 are used as secondary buffering; when the sealing block 21 moves to the position of the pressure relief hole 10, the air in the mounting chamber 24 can be discharged through the pressure relief hole 10 with a limited size, the air is compressed by the resistance due to the small aperture of the pressure relief hole 10 in the discharging process, and is discharged through the pressure relief hole 10, so that the mounting process is slowed down, the process is a third buffering process, the main hook rod 16 reaches the inside of the mounting chamber 24 after being buffered for three times and is fixed by the clamping mechanism, the connection process is completed, and the air pressure in the exhaust chamber 8 returns to normal after the main hook rod 16 stops acting; in the process, because electric pole 37 links to each other with the remote control module, cooperation perception through the remote control module makes the pressure of sealing block 21 department when too big at device internally mounted trouble, electronic pole 37 of remote control module control shrink, and then the operation of pulling sealing block 21 towards pressure release hole 10, if piston 22 and sealing block 21 do not have the relative action yet in the installation this moment, can let pressure release hole 10 exhaust in advance through pulling sealing block 21 and prevent that internal pressure is too big, if piston 22 and sealing block 21 interact and begin to exhaust this moment, sealing block 21 shrink this moment also can reduce the interact, dredge the inside gas passage of blast pipe 8, thereby guarantee the security.

As shown in fig. 1-2, an oil storage chamber 7 is arranged outside the exhaust chamber 8, the oil storage chamber 7 is provided with an oil pipe 25, the oil pipe 25 is arranged between the pressure relief hole 10 and the installation chamber 24, the exhaust chamber 8 is provided with an installation port 26 corresponding to the oil pipe 25, in the buffering process, lubricating oil with low viscosity is filled in the oil storage chamber 7, the lubricating oil with low viscosity can reduce resistance and prevent the lubricating oil from being blocked between the components, before the main hook rod 16 acts on the second buffering, the lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber 7 cannot flow out due to the air pressure effect, when the air release is started at the pressure relief hole 10, the air begins to be discharged outwards, and the air pressure in the air increases to generate a pressure difference, at the moment, the oil storage chamber 7 begins to discharge the lubricating oil due to the pressure difference caused by the flow velocity generated when the air is discharged, so as to drive the internal lubricating oil to be sprayed out from the pressure relief hole 10, and spray the lubricating oil on the surface of the device and the components around the device, when spraying is carried out through the pressure relief hole 10, a guide piece and a valve can be arranged to control the spraying direction and the opening and closing of the pressure relief hole 10, so that the regulation and control are convenient, after the installation is finished, lubricating oil remained in the exhaust chamber 8 slowly acts on the inside of the exhaust chamber 8 through the permeation effect, so that the lubricating effect is exerted on the inside, the lubricating and maintaining functions of the device are effectively improved in the buffering process, meanwhile, the pressure relief hole 10 is used as a unique gas outlet, in the continuous installation of the main hook rod 16, the diameter of the exhaust chamber 8 is far larger than that of the pressure relief hole 10, the air flow rate of the pressure relief hole 10 is far larger than that of the inside of the exhaust chamber 8 close to the main hook rod 16, the sprayed lubricating oil can be sprayed and dispersed at high speed due to the increased flow rate, the full utilization is realized, and the utilization rate of the sprayed lubricating oil is ensured; in the lubricating process, the lubricating oil part of the liquid blocks the gas discharge at the pressure relief hole 10, so that the resistance is increased to a certain extent, and the buffering capacity is increased.

As described above, the main hook rod 16 starts to be closed when being installed in the installation chamber 24, the interior of the installation chamber 24 is communicated with the interior of the exhaust chamber 8 near one end of the piston 22 through the buffer hole 38, when a carriage connected with one end of the main hook rod 16 starts to approach the exhaust chamber 8, the main hook rod 16 extrudes air between the installation chamber 24 and the exhaust chamber 8 to enable the piston 22 to move towards one end of the sealing block 21, in the process, the air passage circulation is realized by utilizing the pressure relief hole 10 arranged between the sealing block 21 and the exhaust chamber 8, namely, the sealing block 21 and the exhaust chamber 8 are communicated with the outside through the pressure relief hole 10, and at the moment, the main hook rod 16 can be ensured not to be blocked by closed air when being installed towards one end of the exhaust chamber 8, so that the air passage in the process is ensured, and the smoothness of the buffer process and the lubricating oil spraying process is ensured.

In the invention, as shown in fig. 1-5, a supporting block 11 is fixedly installed between an oil storage chamber 7 and an exhaust chamber 8, a fixing plate 29 is arranged in the middle of the inner side of an oil pipe 25, installation blocks are fixedly installed at the edge of the fixing plate 29 at equal intervals and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the oil pipe 25, an installation hole 32 is formed in the middle of the fixing plate 29, and an installation sleeve 33 is fixedly installed at the top of the installation hole 32.

As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, a third spring 28 is fixedly installed inside the installation sleeve 33, a movable plate 30 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the third spring 28, a latch 31 is fixedly installed at the outer edge of the movable plate 30 at equal intervals, a leakage groove 34 is formed between the movable plate 30 and the latch 31, the shape of the latch 31 is consistent with the area formed between the fixed plate 29 and the connecting block, and the top of the latch 31 is higher than the top of the movable plate 30, in use, the gap formed between the fixed plate 29 and the installation block and the leakage groove 34 formed between the movable plate 30 and the latch 31 ensure communication when the oil is drained from the oil storage chamber 7, and in an initial state, the movable plate 30 is pulled by the third spring 28 to block the area formed between the fixed plate 29 and the connecting block so as to stop the blanking, when the air is discharged from the pressure relief hole 10, since the main hook rod 16 moves a distance after entering the installation chamber 24, the piston 22 is enabled to push the sealing block open to open the pressure relief hole 10, at this time, the main hook rod 16 still continues to move until the clamping groove 15 corresponds to the clamping strip 36, the pressure relief hole 10 continuously deflates in the continuous moving process to ensure that a continuous gas pressure difference is formed between the oil storage chamber 7 and the exhaust chamber 8 in the period of time, so that the third spring 28 at the fixing plate 29 deforms to form a passage, and lubricating oil is conveniently sprayed; the bottom of the latch 31 is provided with a tapered chamfer 39, and after the spraying is completed by the passage formed by the latch 31, the third spring 28 pulls the latch 31 to reset and close the liquid leakage groove 34, and in the process, due to the tapered chamfer 39 arranged at the bottom of the latch 31, even if the piston 22 and the latch 31 are contacted in the resetting process, the piston 22 is prevented from being blocked by the guiding effect of the taper of the tapered chamfer 39.

In the invention, as shown in fig. 1, 6, 7 and 8, the clamping mechanism comprises a clamping plate 35, an adjusting rod 3, a limiting plate 14, a clamp mounting plate 5 and a clamping strip 36, a clamping groove 15 corresponding to the clamping strip 36 is formed in the middle of the main hook rod 16, a mounting block 13 is fixedly mounted between the clamp mounting plate 5 and the mounting chamber 24, the limiting plate 14 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of one side of the clamp mounting plate 5 close to the first wallboard 1, and the main hook rod 16 is locked to prevent loosening under the action of the clamping mechanism.

The adjusting rod 3 is inserted in the middle of the limiting plate 14, the top of the clamp mounting plate 5 is provided with a mounting groove, a power assembly is arranged inside the mounting groove, and the adjusting effect of the clamping mechanism is met by the adjusting rod 3 and the power assembly.

The power assembly comprises a driven gear 18, a transmission gear 4 and a servo motor 12, the servo motor 12 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the mounting block 13, the transmission gear 4 is fixedly arranged at the top of an output shaft of the servo motor 12, the transmission gear 4 is meshed and connected with the driven gear 18, the adjusting rod 3 is connected with the middle of the driven gear 18 through threads, when the power assembly is used, the servo motor 12 operates to drive the transmission gear 4, so that the driven gear 18 rotates, the adjusting rod 3 connected through threads moves up and down, when the power assembly moves, the adjusting rod 3 is matched and connected with a clamping groove 15 on the main hook rod 16 through a clamping strip 36 on a clamping plate 35, so that locking is carried out, the servo motor 12 is remotely controlled through a remote control module during use, the remote control module sends a signal at the mounting position of the main hook rod 16 according to the mounting state of the main hook rod 16, and in the process of identifying the mounting state of the main hook rod 16, usable buffering circle 17 and the contact on installation room 24 surface are as the judgement that main hook pole 16 reachd the mounted position and then open servo motor 12 and carry out the centre gripping, also can adopt prior art to discern, if utilize remote control module, set up pressure sensor in the inside of exhaust chamber 8, main hook pole 16 acts on pressure sensor's actual display numerical value and judges the installation according to the installation, and then utilize remote control module to control servo motor 12 operation and drive the locking, thereby make things convenient for remote control, the manual operation degree of difficulty has been reduced effectively.

The top fixed mounting of driven gear 18 has stop collar 2, and stop collar 2 is located the outside on adjusting the pole 3 top, and the setting of stop collar 2 is spacing adjusting pole 3 in the in-process of adjusting the removal to prevent to adjust the stability of pole 3 operation process.

In the invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, an oil filling port 6 is fixedly installed on one side of the top of an oil storage chamber 7, a regulating valve acting through a remote control module is arranged in the middle of the oil filling port 6, a pressure sensor is arranged in an exhaust chamber 8, oil filling is facilitated through the arrangement of the oil filling port 6, and the regulating valve acting through the remote control module is arranged.

In the invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a sealing ring is arranged on one side of the main hook rod 16 close to the installation chamber 24, a buffer sleeve 17 is fixedly arranged on one side of the main hook rod 16 contacting with the first wall plate 1, the sealing performance when the main hook rod 16 is connected with the installation chamber 24 is increased through the arrangement of the sealing ring, so that the stability of buffering in a gas compression mode in the device is ensured, and the abrasion between parts can be reduced through the arrangement of the buffer sleeve 17 when the main hook rod 16 is installed.

The automatic coupler described in this embodiment includes the above-mentioned buffering device and the connecting piece, the connecting piece is installed on the first wall plate 1 and the second wall plate 9 in the buffering device respectively, and is installed with the surface to be coupled, thereby realizing the stable coupling function, because the track is fixed in the rail transit, in the actual operation, the main hook rod 16 and the installation chamber 24 of the internal buffering device are automatically aligned by the automatic coupler after being connected by the connecting piece, thereby ensuring the use.

In the implementation of the embodiment, the mounting chamber 24 is fixedly mounted at one end of the outside of the exhaust chamber 8 in a detachable mounting manner, and after the mounting is performed by the mounting manners, the main hook rod 16 is still easy to wear after being buffered due to stress, and needs to be periodically repaired, so that the mounting and the dismounting are convenient for periodic repair and maintenance; the clamping mechanism acts on the main hook rod 16 through the remote control module, when the main hook rod 16 reaches the inside of the installation chamber 24, the installation chamber 24 is connected with the remote control module to send a signal to control the clamping mechanism to clamp the main hook rod 16, when the clamping mechanism is connected and hung, the main hook rod 16 and the installation chamber 24 are buffered and installed through relative movement, the exhaust chamber 8 is arranged to control air pressure in a buffering process, and the whole process is remotely observed and controlled by a user through the remote control module; the pressure intensity of the gas inside the oil storage chamber 7 is increased to generate pressure difference, at the moment, the gas inside the oil storage chamber 7 circulates to drive the internal lubricating oil to be sprayed out from the pressure release hole 10, so that the lubricating oil is sprayed on the parts on the surface of the device, the lubricating and maintaining functions of the device are effectively improved in the buffering process, and meanwhile, the pressure release hole 10 serves as a unique gas outlet, so that the sprayed lubricating oil can be dispersed and fully utilized due to the large flow velocity, and the utilization rate of the sprayed lubricating oil is ensured; the gap formed between the fixed plate 29 and the mounting block and the leakage groove 34 formed between the movable plate 30 and the fixture block 31 ensure communication when the oil storage chamber 7 is drained, and in an initial state, the movable plate 30 is pulled by the third spring 28 to plug the area formed between the fixed plate 29 and the connecting block by the fixture block 31, so that blanking is stopped, and when the pressure relief hole 10 is deflated, the third spring 28 at the fixed plate 29 is deformed due to the formation of air pressure difference to form a passage, so that lubricating oil is conveniently sprayed; the servo motor 12 is arranged to operate to drive the transmission gear 4, so that the driven gear 18 rotates, the adjusting rod 3 in threaded connection moves up and down, the clamping strip 36 on the clamping plate 35 is matched and connected with the clamping groove 15 on the main hook rod 16 during movement, locking is achieved, the servo motor 12 is remotely controlled through the remote control module during use, the remote control module sends a signal at the installation position of the main hook rod 16 according to the installation completion of the main hook rod 16, the servo motor 12 is controlled to operate to drive locking, and remote control is facilitated; the limiting sleeve 2 limits the adjusting rod 3 in the adjusting and moving process, so that the stability of the adjusting rod 3 in the operation process is prevented; the oil filling port 6 is convenient to fill oil, the regulating valve which is arranged and acted by the remote control module is used for judging whether the abnormal condition exists or not by reading the numerical value of the pressure sensor through the remote control module if the inside of the device is damaged when the device is used, and if the internal pressure is overlarge due to the blockage of part of a path or other states, and after the overlarge abnormal pressure is confirmed, the gas passage is formed among the exhaust chamber 8, the installation chamber 24 and the coupler by controlling the opening of the oil filling port 6, so that the discharging speed of internal gas is accelerated, and the emergency can be adapted; through the setting of sealing washer, guaranteed the leakproofness when main hook rod 16 and installation chamber 24 are connected to guarantee the inside stability through carrying out the buffering with the gas compression mode of device, and through the setting of cushion collar 17, when main hook rod 16 installs, can reduce the wearing and tearing between the spare part.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any other products in various forms can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention, but any changes in the shape or structure thereof, which have the same or similar technical solutions as those of the present application, fall within the protection scope of the present invention.