阅读说明：本技术 一种低断丝率氨纶纤维的制备方法 (Preparation method of spandex fiber with low filament breakage rate ) 是由 王靖 梁红军 杨晓印 许图远 周志伟 于 2019-12-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种低断丝率氨纶纤维的制备方法,更具体而言,涉及通过将耐磨剂和流动促进剂的共混溶液引入至聚氨酯脲纺丝溶液中而制造氨纶的方法,1)通过将耐磨剂与流动促进剂在有机溶剂中进行共混溶解,制备得到共混溶液A；2)将上述共混溶液A添加至聚氨酯脲纺丝溶液B中而制得纺丝原液C,对上述纺丝原液C进行纺丝和卷绕。该制造方法的实施过程简便,而且可以广泛地应用于不同品种的氨纶纤维,制备的氨纶纤维断丝情况明显减少。(The invention relates to a preparation method of spandex fiber with low filament breakage rate, in particular to a method for manufacturing spandex by introducing a blending solution of a wear-resistant agent and a flow promoter into a polyurethane urea spinning solution, 1) preparing a blending solution A by blending and dissolving the wear-resistant agent and the flow promoter in an organic solvent; 2) the blend solution a is added to a polyurethaneurea spinning solution B to prepare a spinning dope C, and the spinning dope C is spun and wound. The manufacturing method is simple and convenient in implementation process, can be widely applied to spandex fibers of different varieties, and obviously reduces the yarn breakage of the prepared spandex fibers.)

1. A preparation method of low-broken-yarn-rate spandex fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) blending and dissolving a wear-resistant agent and a flow promoter in an organic solvent to prepare a blended solution A;

2) the blend solution a is added to a polyurethaneurea spinning solution B to prepare a spinning dope C, and the spinning dope C is spun and wound.

2. The method for preparing the low filament breakage rate spandex fiber according to claim 1, wherein the abrasion resistant agent is one of polystyrene, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, or a mixture thereof.

3. The preparation method of the low filament breakage rate spandex fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the wear-resistant agent accounts for 0.5-10.0% of the fiber mass fraction.

4. The method for preparing the low filament breakage rate spandex fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow promoter is one of acrylic resin or derivative copolymers, or a mixture thereof.

5. The preparation method of the low filament breakage rate spandex fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow promoter accounts for 0.5-5.0% of the fiber mass fraction.

6. The method for preparing the spandex fiber with the low filament breakage rate according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent is N, N-dimethylformamide or N, N-dimethylacetamide.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a manufacturing method of novel functional spandex fibers, in particular to a manufacturing method of spandex fibers with improved broken filaments, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of high polymer materials.

Background

Spandex is a highly elastic chemical fiber with an elongation at break of 500-700%, an elastic recovery rate of generally greater than 90%, and high breaking strength, and therefore, spandex fibers are widely used in knitted and woven fabrics. However, in the process of weaving and unwinding of spandex fibers, the spandex fibers need to pass through a plurality of driven godet wheels, and the phenomenon of yarn breakage of the spandex fibers is easy to occur in long-time running, which is mainly caused by the fact that the spandex fibers have a strong rigid crystal structure, and after the driven godet wheels run for a long time, the inner walls of the driven godet wheels are abraded to different degrees, so that the spandex yarns are in a barrier state or even cut in the process of guiding, and yarn breakage is increased. In order to effectively solve the problem, a preparation method of the spandex fiber with the low filament breakage rate needs to be developed.

At present, some reports have been made on improvement of broken spandex fibers. For example, CN100338300C improves unwinding property of spandex by adding metal salt of divalent stearic acid as an anti-blocking aid to the oil, while CN101440574B improves unwinding property of the cake by adding silicone resin as an anti-blocking aid, although stearate and silicone resin can indeed play the role of anti-blocking and increasing slip, but the anti-blocking durability is insufficient, because silicone oil and mineral oil in the oil component have low surface energy, insufficient oil film strength and weak adsorption property, once spandex filament is over-tensioned or left for a long time, the oil easily migrates from the bottom to the surface of the cake, resulting in large difference between surface and inside of spandex, and filament breakage is easily occurred in the subsequent application. Aiming at the problems, the invention adopts a blending modification method to improve the filament breakage problem of spandex fibers and simultaneously the product has good physical properties.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem is as follows: the invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a preparation method of spandex fibers with low filament breakage rate. The manufacturing method is simple and convenient in implementation process, can be widely applied to spandex fibers of different varieties, and obviously reduces the yarn breakage of the prepared spandex fibers.

The technical scheme is as follows: in order to realize the purpose, the invention provides a preparation method of spandex fiber with low filament breakage rate, which comprises the following steps:

1) blending and dissolving a wear-resistant agent and a flow promoter in an organic solvent to prepare a blended solution A;

2) the blend solution a is added to a polyurethaneurea spinning solution B to prepare a spinning dope C, and the spinning dope C is spun and wound.

The wear-resisting agent is one of polystyrene, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, or a mixture of the polystyrene, the styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, the styrene-butadiene copolymer and the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.

The wear-resisting agent accounts for 0.5-10.0% of the mass fraction of the fibers.

The flow promoter is one of acrylic resin or derivative copolymer, or a mixture thereof.

The flow promoter accounts for 0.5-5.0% of the mass fraction of the fiber.

The organic solvent is N, N-dimethylformamide or N, N-dimethylacetamide.

Has the advantages that: the invention adopts the wear-resisting agent and the flow promoter to prepare the spandex fiber with improved broken filaments, and has the following beneficial effects: firstly, the wear-resistant agent is added, so that a wear-resistant protective layer can be formed on the surface layer of the fiber, the fiber is not easy to break in the unwinding process, the content is controlled within a certain range, and the product index is not influenced; and secondly, adding a flow promoter to improve the diffusion speed of the wear-resisting agent to the surface layer in the spinning process, so that the wear-resisting agent is gathered on the surface of the fiber, and the fiber can achieve a better effect under a lower content. The spandex yarn breaking problem prepared by the technology of the invention is improved, and the spandex yarn breaking technology has good physical properties.

Detailed Description

The method comprises the following steps:

1) adding a wear-resistant agent, a flow promoter and an organic solvent into a reaction kettle, and uniformly mixing at 60-100 ℃ to obtain a blending solution A with the solid content of 30-40%;

2) adding diisocyanate, polyether glycol and an organic solvent into a reaction kettle to form a solution with the mass fraction of 60-70%, and reacting at 35-50 ℃ for 110-120 min to obtain a prepolymer. Cooling the prepolymer to 7-9 ℃, and then carrying out chain extension reaction with mixed liquor of diamine and monoamine with the mass fraction of 1.0-8.0%; adding an ultraviolet light resistant auxiliary agent, an antioxidant, a lubricant and a flatting agent into the polymer solution after the chain extension reaction is completed, and fully stirring to obtain a polyurethane urea spinning solution B with the solid content of 30-40%;

3) and fully mixing the blending solution A and the polyurethane urea spinning solution B to obtain a spinning stock solution C, and then preparing the spandex fiber with improved broken filaments by a dry spinning process.

Wherein, the wear-resisting agent in the step 1) is one of polystyrene, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer or the mixture thereof; the dosage of the fiber is 0.5-10.0% of the mass fraction of the fiber.

The flow promoter in the step 1) is acrylic resin, derivative copolymer or mixture of the acrylic resin and the derivative copolymer; the dosage of the fiber is 0.5-5.0% of the mass fraction of the fiber.

The organic solvent in the step 1) is N, N-dimethylformamide or N, N-dimethylacetamide.

The diisocyanate in the step 2) is 4,4 '-MDI, 2, 4' -MDI or a mixture of the two.

The polyether diol in the step 2) is polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol with the number average molecular weight of 1500-3000 or polypropylene glycol with the number average molecular weight of 1500-3000 or a mixture of the two.

The diamine in the step 2) is ethylenediamine, propylenediamine or a mixture of ethylenediamine and propylenediamine.

The monoamine in the step 2) is diethylamine, ethanolamine or a mixture of the diethylamine and the ethanolamine.

Abrasion loss test:

this is an important index for evaluating wear resistance. Scraping the cured mixed stock solution into a film, then drying the film for 6 hours by using a 60 ℃ drying oven, and removing the solvent; the diameter of a cut sample is 38mm, a Nu-Martindale wear-resistant and pilling tester is used for testing, the experimental load mass is 595g, and the experimental revolution is 5000 revolutions; the mass of the sample was weighed before and after the abrasion test.

Wear loss M_LIs defined as

Wherein M is_LRepresents the amount of abrasion of the sample, M_oDenotes the mass of the sample before it has been abraded, M_fRepresenting the mass of the sample after it has been subjected to the wear test.