阅读说明：本技术 复合材料壳板和钢构架的连接结构及其连接方法 (Connecting structure and connecting method of composite shell plate and steel framework ) 是由 李功荣 李晓燕 肖伟 王祺 曹林冲 于 2021-06-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种复合材料壳板和钢构架的连接结构,包括钢构架、连接板条、螺母、螺栓、复合材料芯层、复合材料上面板、复合材料下面板和固定板,钢构架与连接板条固定连接,连接板条的底面上固定有螺母,连接板顶面上安装有固定板,固定板为铺设的多层玻璃纤维布通过灌注树脂硬化成型,螺栓穿过固定板后旋入螺母,复合材料上面板和复合材料下面板的端部均与固定板连接,固定板、复合材料上面板和复合材料下面板的玻璃纤维布在螺栓安装后通过一次灌注树脂后硬化形成整体。本连接结构可实现复合材料壳板与钢构架的牢固连接,保证结构在长期使用环境中具有足够强度和刚度,有效抑制了结构振动。(The invention discloses a connecting structure of a composite shell plate and a steel framework, which comprises the steel framework, a connecting lath, a nut, a bolt, a composite core layer, a composite upper panel, a composite lower panel and a fixing plate. The connecting structure can realize firm connection of the composite shell plate and the steel framework, ensure that the structure has enough strength and rigidity in a long-term use environment, and effectively inhibit structural vibration.)

1. A connecting structure of a composite shell plate and a steel framework is characterized by comprising the steel framework, a connecting lath, a nut, a bolt, a composite core layer, a composite upper panel, a composite lower panel and a fixing plate, wherein,

the steel framework is fixedly connected with the connecting lath, a nut is fixed on the bottom surface of the connecting lath, a fixing plate is installed on the top surface of the connecting plate, the fixing plate is formed by hardening laid multi-layer glass fiber cloth through filling resin, a bolt penetrates through the fixing plate and then is screwed into the nut, the upper surface and the lower surface of the composite material core layer are respectively a composite material upper panel and a composite material lower panel, the end parts of the composite material upper panel and the composite material lower panel are connected with the fixing plate, and the fixing plate, the composite material upper panel and the glass fiber cloth of the composite material lower panel are integrally hardened through filling resin once after the bolt is installed.

2. The composite shell plate and steel framework connecting structure according to claim 1, wherein the head of the bolt is further provided with a protective layer, and the protective layer is formed by pouring resin into a plurality of layers of glass fiber cloth and then hardening the glass fiber cloth.

3. The composite shell plate and steel framework connecting structure according to claim 2, wherein the protective layer is integrally formed with the fixing plate, the composite upper panel and the composite lower panel.

4. The connecting structure of the composite shell plate and the steel framework as claimed in claim 2, wherein the thickness of the protective layer is 2mm to 3 mm.

5. The composite deck and steel frame joint as set forth in claim 2, wherein the top end face of said protective layer is disposed flush with the top end face of the composite upper panel.

6. The connecting structure of the composite shell plate and the steel framework as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the thickness of the composite core layer on the side close to the steel framework is gradually reduced, and the connection of the composite lower face plate and the fixing plate is transited by the difference of the number of layers of the glass fiber cloth.

7. A method for connecting a composite shell plate and a steel framework is characterized by comprising the following steps:

welding a connecting lath on the steel framework, fixing a nut on the bottom end surface of the connecting lath, and forming a bolt hole on the connecting lath;

laying glass fiber cloth on a mold to form a composite lower panel, placing a prefabricated composite core layer above the glass fiber cloth of the composite lower panel, laying multiple layers of glass fiber cloth above a connecting plate strip to form a fixed plate, and laying glass fiber cloth above the composite core layer to form a composite upper panel;

after drilling the glass fiber cloth above the connecting lath, penetrating and screwing a bolt into a nut below the connecting lath, and performing spot welding on the bolt and the nut;

and (3) pouring resin into the glass fiber cloth of the fixed plate, the composite material upper panel and the composite material lower panel in vacuum, and then hardening to form a whole.

8. The method of joining a composite shell panel to a steel framework of claim 7 wherein the step of drilling holes in the fiberglass cloth above the connecting straps and threading the bolts through the nuts below the connecting straps further comprises:

and continuously laying glass fiber cloth above the bolts to form the protective layer.

9. A method of joining a composite shell panel to a steel framework as claimed in claim 8 wherein the protective layer is integrally formed with the fixing plate, the composite upper panel and the composite lower panel.

10. The method for connecting a composite shell plate and a steel framework according to claim 8, wherein the thickness of the protective layer is 2mm to 3 mm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of connecting structures, in particular to a connecting structure and a connecting method of a composite shell plate and a steel framework.

Background

Most of composite materials adopted by the submarine superstructure at the present stage are of a sandwich structure, the surface layer is generally vinyl resin glass fiber reinforced materials, and the core material is generally a functional core material with the functions of anti-sound or sound absorption and the like. The traditional connection form of the composite shell plate and the steel framework is that after the composite shell plate is formed, a screw hole of the composite shell plate is drilled, and a bolt is screwed down to connect and fix the shell plate and the steel framework.

The connecting structure is easy to generate the phenomenon of bolt loosening in a long-time vibration environment, thereby causing extra vibration noise. On the other hand, the steel framework and the composite shell plate have residual deformation and processing errors after being formed, and the connecting surface is not completely attached, so that the composite shell plate is difficult to mount. Meanwhile, a gap exists between the bolt and the composite shell plate, a seawater immersion environment is formed, and the corrosion of the connecting part of the composite shell plate and the steel framework is easily caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a connecting structure and a connecting method of a composite shell plate and a steel framework, and aims to realize firm connection of the composite shell plate and the steel framework, ensure that the structure has enough strength and rigidity in a long-term use environment, and effectively inhibit structural vibration.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a connecting structure of a composite shell plate and a steel framework, comprising a steel framework, connecting laths, nuts, bolts, a composite core layer, a composite upper panel, a composite lower panel and a fixing plate, wherein,

the steel framework is fixedly connected with the connecting lath, a nut is fixed on the bottom surface of the connecting lath, a fixing plate is installed on the top surface of the connecting plate, the fixing plate is formed by hardening laid multi-layer glass fiber cloth through filling resin, a bolt penetrates through the fixing plate and then is screwed into the nut, the upper surface and the lower surface of the composite material core layer are respectively a composite material upper panel and a composite material lower panel, the end parts of the composite material upper panel and the composite material lower panel are connected with the fixing plate, and the fixing plate, the composite material upper panel and the glass fiber cloth of the composite material lower panel are integrally hardened through filling resin once after the bolt is installed.

Preferably, the head of the bolt is further provided with a protective layer, and the protective layer is formed by pouring resin into a plurality of layers of glass fiber cloth and then hardening the glass fiber cloth.

Preferably, the protective layer is integrally formed with the fixing plate, the composite upper panel and the composite lower panel.

Preferably, the thickness of the protective layer is 2 mm-3 mm.

Preferably, the top end face of the protective layer is arranged flush with the top end face of the composite top panel.

Preferably, the thickness of the composite material core layer close to one side of the steel framework is gradually reduced, and the connection between the composite material lower panel and the fixing plate is transited by different layers of glass fiber cloth.

The invention further provides a method for connecting the composite shell plate and the steel framework, which comprises the following steps:

welding a connecting lath on the steel framework, fixing a nut on the bottom end surface of the connecting lath, and forming a bolt hole on the connecting lath;

laying glass fiber cloth on a mold to form a composite lower panel, placing a prefabricated composite core layer above the glass fiber cloth of the composite lower panel, laying multiple layers of glass fiber cloth above a connecting plate strip to form a fixed plate, and laying glass fiber cloth above the composite core layer to form a composite upper panel;

after drilling the glass fiber cloth above the connecting lath, penetrating and screwing a bolt into a nut below the connecting lath, and performing spot welding on the bolt and the nut;

and (3) pouring resin into the glass fiber cloth of the fixed plate, the composite material upper panel and the composite material lower panel in vacuum, and then hardening to form a whole.

Preferably, after the step of drilling the glass fiber cloth above the connecting lath, the step of passing and screwing the bolt into the nut below the connecting lath further comprises:

and continuously laying glass fiber cloth above the bolts to form the protective layer.

Preferably, the protective layer is integrally formed with the fixing plate, the composite upper panel and the composite lower panel.

Preferably, the thickness of the protective layer is 2 mm-3 mm.

The connecting structure of the composite shell plate and the steel framework provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. different from the detachable connection between the traditional composite shell plate and the steel framework, the connecting structure enables the bolt to be completely covered by resin by embedding the bolt in advance, and the connecting structure can realize the firm connection between the composite shell plate and the steel framework, ensure that the structure has enough strength and rigidity in a long-term use environment and effectively inhibit the structural vibration;

2. traditional detachable connection need wait to compound material coverboard shaping after, carries out the installation of driling, because superstructure structure has complicated line type usually, produces machining error and residual deformation easily, leads to the contact surface not laminating, often need use brute force to twist the bolt installation by force, and the installation is comparatively difficult. According to the connecting structure, the bolts are installed by drilling before the composite shell plate is formed, and the process of difficult installation is avoided by changing the manufacturing sequence. Practice shows that the connecting structure can solve the problem of difficult installation in the traditional mode, improve the manufacturing difficulty and ensure the construction quality;

3. in traditional detachable connection structure, bolt and nut expose in the sea water, simultaneously, have the clearance between bolt and the combined material shell plate, form the sea water and soak the environment, cause the corruption of combined material shell plate and steel framework connection position easily. This connection structure still need continue to lay composite material fibre and cover the bolt after the bolt installation is accomplished, then pours resin integrated into one piece, makes the bolt pre-buried in the composite material shell plate completely to the resin is full of bolt and nut, and the clearance between bolt and the composite material shell plate, and this kind of connection structure has isolated the contact of sea water with the bolt, can effectively improve corrosion resisting property.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a connecting structure of a composite shell plate and a steel framework according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional structural view showing a connecting structure of a composite shell plate and a steel framework according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view along the line A-A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1;

fig. 5 is a partially enlarged structural view illustrating a connection structure of a composite shell plate and a steel framework according to the present invention.

In the figure, 1-steel framework, 2-connecting lath, 3-nut, 4-bolt, 5-composite material core layer, 6-composite material upper panel, 7-composite material lower panel, 8-fixing plate, 9-reinforcing rib, 10-protective layer, 11-composite material shell plate, 12-submarine main hull, 13-resin and 14-welding angle.

The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

The invention provides a connecting structure of a composite shell plate and a steel framework.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in the preferred embodiment, a connecting structure of a composite shell plate and a steel framework comprises a steel framework 1, connecting battens 2, nuts 3, bolts 4, a composite core layer 5 (the composite core layer 5 is a core material with the functions of anti-sound or sound absorption, etc.), a composite upper panel 6, a composite lower panel 7 and a fixing plate 8, wherein,

steel framework 1 and connecting lath 2 fixed connection (accessible welded fastening), be fixed with nut 3 on connecting lath 2's the bottom surface, install fixed plate 8 on the connecting plate top surface, fixed plate 8 is through pouring into resin hardening shaping for the multilayer glass fiber cloth of laying, screw in nut 3 behind bolt 4 passing fixed plate 8, the upper surface and the lower surface of combined material sandwich layer 5 are panel 7 under combined material top panel 6 and the combined material respectively, combined material top panel 6 and combined material are all connected with fixed plate 8 down the tip of panel 7, fixed plate 8, combined material top panel 6 and combined material are the glass fiber cloth of panel 7 down (this embodiment is vinyl resin glass fiber cloth) and form wholly through once pouring into resin after bolt 4 installs.

The tolerance between the processed line type of the outer surface of the connecting lath 2 and the theoretical line type is-2-0 mm, namely, the line type can only be inwards concave, and is not allowed to be outwards convex. The assembly of the connecting laths 2 adopts single-groove butt welding, and the protruding part of the outer surface of the butt welding seam needs to be ground flat. The steel framework 1 is generally composed of web plates and face plates, and has sufficient strength and rigidity to support a composite shell plate 11 through connecting battens 2 (the composite shell plate 11 comprises a composite core layer 5, a composite upper face plate 6 and a composite lower face plate 7, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs 9 are arranged on the composite shell plate 11). The thickness of the connecting lath 2 is calculated according to the finite element modeling strength and is verified by a strength test. The edge laminated plate and the connecting lath 2 are provided with a screw hole at a certain distance, and the connecting structure is ensured to be firm through the bolt 4 and the nut 3.

Bolt 4 is stainless steel material, adopts the countersunk head design, and the head sets up the wrench hole, and the tip sets up the screw thread, and its length is confirmed according to connection structure design thickness, and 3 tip 5mm above can of the outstanding nut of assurance 4 tip. The nut 3 is made of stainless steel material and is matched with the bolt 4 for use.

Furthermore, a protective layer 10 is further arranged on the head of the bolt 4, and the protective layer 10 is formed by pouring resin into a plurality of layers of glass fiber cloth and then hardening the glass fiber cloth. Further, the protective layer 10, the fixing plate 8, the composite material upper panel 6 and the composite material lower panel 7 are integrally formed, so that the structural strength of the connecting structure is further improved.

The thickness of the protective layer 10 is 2mm to 3mm (2 mm is taken as an example in the figure of the present embodiment). The top end face of the protective layer 10 is disposed flush with the top end face of the composite top panel 6.

The thickness of one side of the composite material core layer 5 close to the steel framework 1 is gradually reduced, and the connection between the composite material lower panel 7 and the fixing plate 8 is transited through the difference of the layer number of the glass fiber cloth.

The connection boundary of the composite shell plate 11 is gradually transited from the composite sandwich structure to a laminated plate structure only comprising a composite surface layer, and the continuity of fibers is kept as much as possible when the boundary material is transited so as to ensure the strength of the connection boundary. And screw holes are arranged at certain intervals on the connecting boundary (the specific interval is determined by load) so as to ensure that the composite shell plate 11 is firmly connected with the steel framework 1. Because the strength of the edge laminated plate with the same thickness is far greater than that of the composite material sandwich shell plate, the thickness of the laminated plate at the connecting boundary can be properly reduced so as to reduce the structural weight.

Accomplish the screw trompil when steel framework 1 makes to with the nut 3 welding at the 2 backs of connecting lath of steel framework 1, the trompil is aimed at along the shell normal direction to nut 3, and completion back nut 3 should laminate with connecting lath 2 and have no warpage, and bolt 4 can freely screw in. Before the composite material fiber laying layer is completed, the bolt 4 is provided with a drilled screw hole, the bolt 4 and the nut 3 are installed and screwed tightly and are spot-welded, firm installation of the connecting structure is guaranteed, then fiber cloth with a certain thickness is continuously laid, finally the connecting structure and the composite material shell plate 11 are integrally filled with resin, all gaps in the connecting area are filled with the resin, and a firm and reliable connecting structure is formed.

The manufacturing method of the connecting structure of the composite shell plate and the steel framework is as follows.

The connecting structure comprises the following specific manufacturing processes:

a. manufacturing a steel framework 1 of the superstructure;

b. welding the connecting lath 2;

c. drilling 4 holes of the bolts, welding the nuts 3 on corresponding hole positions of the connecting laths 2, attaching the nuts 3 and the connecting laths 2 without warping after finishing, and freely screwing the bolts 4 in;

d. prefabricating a shape die, wherein the shape die is used for molding the composite shell plate 11;

e. laying glass fiber cloth on a shape mould to form a composite material lower panel 7, placing a prefabricated composite material core layer 5 above the composite material lower panel 7, laying multiple layers of glass fiber cloth above a connecting plate strip 2 to form a fixed plate 8, laying glass fiber cloth above the composite material core layer 5 to form a composite material upper panel 6 (compared with a composite material shell plate 11, the thickness of an edge laminated plate 3 is correspondingly reduced, transition connection is realized between the edge laminated plate and the composite material shell plate by laying different layers of fiber cloth, and at least every two layers of composite material core layers 5 cover one layer of continuous fiber cloth in a thickness change transition region);

f. drilling 4 holes of the composite material bolt on the corresponding hole positions of the nut 3, screwing the bolt 4, and performing spot welding on the bolt 4 and the nut 3;

g. continuously laying glass fiber cloth to form a protective layer 10, wherein the glass fiber cloth covers the bolt 4;

h. and (5) resin is poured in vacuum, and the integral molding is carried out.

After molding, a partial schematic view of the periphery of the bolt 4 is shown in fig. 5.

In the figure of the present embodiment, there are two forms of the connection structure, referring to fig. 3 (also schematic diagram of enlarged part at C of fig. 2), the first is that the steel framework 1 and the connection lath 2 are connected to form a cross structure, an L-shaped groove in the cross structure, multiple layers of glass fiber cloth are laid on the L-shaped groove, and a fixing plate 8 is formed after the glass fiber cloth is grouted.

Referring to fig. 4, the second is that the steel framework 1 is located below the connecting lath 2 to support the connecting lath, a plurality of layers of glass fiber cloth are paved above the connecting lath 2, and the glass fiber cloth is grouted to form a whole fixing plate 8.

The connecting structure of composite shell plate and steel framework that this embodiment provided has following beneficial effect:

1. different from the detachable connection between the traditional composite shell plate and the steel framework 1, the connecting structure enables the bolt 4 to be completely covered by resin by embedding the bolt 4 in advance, can realize the firm connection between the composite shell plate and the steel framework 1, ensures that the structure has enough strength and rigidity in a long-term use environment, and effectively inhibits the structural vibration;

2. traditional detachable connection need wait to compound material coverboard shaping after, carries out the installation of driling, because superstructure structure has complicated line type usually, produces machining error and residual deformation easily, leads to the contact surface not laminating, often need use brute force to twist bolt 4 installation by force, and the installation is comparatively difficult. According to the connecting structure, the bolts 4 are installed in the drilled holes before the composite shell plate is formed, and the process of difficult installation is avoided by changing the manufacturing sequence. Practice shows that the connecting structure can solve the problem of difficult installation in the traditional mode, improve the manufacturing difficulty and ensure the construction quality;

3. in traditional detachable connection structure, bolt 4 and nut 3 all expose in the sea water, simultaneously, have the clearance between bolt 4 and the combined material shell plate, form the sea water and soak the environment, cause the corruption of combined material shell plate and steel framework 1 junction easily. This connection structure still need continue to lay composite material fibre and cover bolt 4 after bolt 4 installation is accomplished, then resin integrated into one piece pours into, makes bolt 4 pre-buried in the composite material shell plate completely to the resin is full of bolt 4 and nut 3, and the clearance between bolt 4 and the clad material shell plate, and this kind of connection structure has isolated the contact of sea water with bolt 4, can effectively improve corrosion resisting property.

The invention further provides a connecting method of the composite shell plate and the steel framework.

In the preferred embodiment, a method for connecting a composite shell plate and a steel framework comprises the following steps:

step S10, welding the connecting lath 2 on the steel framework, fixing a nut 3 on the bottom end face of the connecting lath 2, and forming a bolt 4 hole on the connecting lath 2;

step S20, paving glass fiber cloth on a mold to form a composite material lower panel 7, placing a prefabricated composite material core layer 5 above the glass fiber cloth of the composite material lower panel 7, paving a plurality of layers of glass fiber cloth above the connecting laths 2 to form a fixed plate 8, and paving glass fiber cloth above the composite material core layer 5 to form a composite material upper panel 6;

step S30, after drilling the glass fiber cloth above the connecting lath 2, penetrating and screwing the bolt 4 into the nut 3 below the connecting lath 2, and performing spot welding on the bolt 4 and the nut 3;

in step S40, the glass fiber cloth of the fixing plate 8, the composite upper panel 6 and the composite lower panel 7 is vacuum-impregnated with resin and then cured to form a whole.

Step S30 is followed by:

in step S31, glass fiber cloth is continuously laid over the bolts 4 to form the protective layer 10.

Specifically, the protective layer 10 is integrally formed with the fixing plate 8, the composite upper panel 6, and the composite lower panel 7, thereby improving the connection strength of the connection structure. The thickness of the protective layer 10 is 2mm to 3 mm.

In order to improve the connection strength of the connection structure, the fiberglass cloth of the composite upper panel 6 and the composite lower panel 7 may be a whole piece of fiberglass cloth with a part of the fiberglass cloth of the fixing plate 8.

Compared with the traditional connecting structure scheme, the connecting method of the composite shell plate and the steel framework provided by the embodiment reduces the manufacturing difficulty, is convenient to install, and is beneficial to ensuring the construction quality.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or any other related technical fields, are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention.