阅读说明：本技术 一种用于线性液动压抛光的抛光辊子 (Polishing roller for linear hydraulic polishing ) 是由 文东辉 许鑫祺 章益栋 徐耀耀 沈思源 于 2019-11-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于线性液动压抛光的抛光辊子,为圆柱体结构,其圆周面均匀分布有用于产生动压力的微槽结构,微槽结构包括圆周面的圆弧部及沿圆周面周向延伸的微槽部。本发明的优点是,通过特殊设计的微槽结构,使抛光辊子在工作时产生更大、更均匀的线性压力场,从而使工件的抛光效率和表面各个位置的抛光均一性都进一步提升。(The invention discloses a polishing roller for linear hydraulic pressure polishing, which is of a cylindrical structure, wherein micro-groove structures for generating dynamic pressure are uniformly distributed on the circumferential surface of the polishing roller, and each micro-groove structure comprises an arc part of the circumferential surface and a micro-groove part extending along the circumferential surface. The polishing roller has the advantages that through the specially designed micro-groove structure, a larger and more uniform linear pressure field is generated when the polishing roller works, so that the polishing efficiency of a workpiece and the polishing uniformity of each position of the surface are further improved.)

1. The polishing roller for linear hydraulic polishing is characterized in that the polishing roller is of a cylindrical structure, micro-groove structures for generating dynamic pressure are uniformly distributed on the circumferential surface of the polishing roller, and each micro-groove structure comprises an arc part of the circumferential surface and a micro-groove part extending along the circumferential surface.

2. The burnishing roll for linear hydrodynamic burnishing according to claim 1, wherein the projection of the microgroove portions of the microgroove structure in the axial direction of the burnishing roll is parabolic or linear.

3. The burnishing roller for linear hydrodynamic burnishing according to claim 1, wherein the projection of the microgroove portions of the microgroove structure in the axial direction of the burnishing roller has a central angle of 12 ° to 18 °.

4. The polishing roll for linear hydrodynamic polishing as recited in claim 1, wherein the maximum depth of the microgroove portion of the microgroove structure is 1 to 3 mm.

5. The polishing roll for linear hydrodynamic polishing as recited in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the number of the micro-groove structures is an even number.

6. The polishing roll for linear hydrodynamic polishing of claim 5 wherein the number of micro-groove structures is 12.

7. The burnishing roller for linear hydrodynamic burnishing according to claim 5, wherein the projections of the microgroove portions of adjacent microgroove structures along the axial direction of the burnishing roller are parabolic and linear in order.

8. The burnishing roller of claim 6, wherein the plurality of adjacent micro-groove structures are in a group, the micro-groove portions of the micro-groove structures in the same group are the same, and the projections of the micro-groove portions of the micro-groove structures in the adjacent group along the axial direction of the burnishing roller are parabolic and linear in sequence.

9. A burnishing roll for linear hydrodynamic burnishing according to claim 1, wherein the burnishing roll has a coaxial counterbore and counterbore in the center for connection to a power take-off shaft.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of polishing machinery, and particularly relates to a polishing roller for linear hydraulic polishing.

Background

In the fluid polishing technology, a polishing tool is not in direct contact with a workpiece in the processing process, and abrasive particles are driven by the fluid to impact the surface of the workpiece, so that the damage of rigid contact to the surface and the sub-surface of a material is avoided, and smooth surface processing is realized.

Hydrodynamic polishing based on the dynamic pressure lubrication theory is also one of the fluid polishing techniques. The polishing solution containing the abrasive particles covers the geometric groove type on the surface of the polishing wheel, when the polishing wheel and the part to be polished move relatively in the polishing process, the polishing solution flows from a larger gap to a smaller gap between the part to be polished and the geometric groove type to form a hydraulic pressure lubricating film, the surface material of the polished workpiece is uniformly and quickly removed under the dual actions of the abrasive particles and the hydraulic pressure lubricating film, and the uniformity and the efficiency of polishing processing are improved. However, the conventional hydraulic pressure polishing has the disadvantages of uneven removal rate of the workpiece surface in the polishing process, insufficient dynamic pressure and unsatisfactory polishing effect due to different radial speeds.

The magnitude and uniform distribution of the hydrodynamic pressure have a decisive influence on the removal rate and uniformity of the polishing. At present, three linear hydrodynamic polishing rollers of rectangle, parabola and wedge are available, and the influence of the rollers on the dynamic pressure value and the uniform distribution of dynamic pressure on the surface of a workpiece is different. For example, a parabolic hydrodynamic polishing roller can generate a large dynamic pressure, but the dynamic pressure distribution is not uniform. The wedge-shaped hydrodynamic polishing roller can generate uniformly distributed hydrodynamic pressure, but the generated hydrodynamic pressure is insufficient. Therefore, in order to achieve the best polishing effect, a polishing roller with dynamic pressure value and uniform dynamic pressure distribution needs to be designed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem that the configuration design of the conventional hydrodynamic polishing roller cannot give consideration to both dynamic pressure value and uniform dynamic pressure distribution, and provides a polishing roller for linear hydrodynamic polishing.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the polishing roller for linear hydraulic polishing is characterized in that the polishing roller is of a cylindrical structure, micro-groove structures for generating dynamic pressure are uniformly distributed on the circumferential surface of the polishing roller, and each micro-groove structure comprises an arc part of the circumferential surface and a micro-groove part extending along the circumferential surface.

Preferably, the projection of the micro-groove portion of the micro-groove structure in the axial direction of the burnishing roller is a parabola or a straight line.

Preferably, the projection of the microgroove portion of the microgroove structure in the axial direction of the burnishing roller has a central angle of 12 to 18 °.

Preferably, the maximum depth of the micro-groove portion of the micro-groove structure is 1-3 mm.

Preferably, the number of micro-groove structures is even.

Preferably, the number of micro-groove structures is 12.

Preferably, the projection of the micro-groove part of the micro-groove structure along the axial direction of the polishing roller is a parabola and a straight line in sequence.

Preferably, the plurality of adjacent micro-groove structures are in one group, the micro-groove parts of the micro-groove structures in the same group are the same, and the projections of the micro-groove parts of the micro-groove structures in the adjacent group along the axial direction of the polishing roller are parabolic and linear in sequence.

Preferably, the polishing roller has a coaxial counterbore and counterbore in the center for connection to a power take-off shaft.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: through the micro-groove structure with special design, the polishing roller generates a larger and more uniform linear pressure field during working, so that the polishing efficiency of the workpiece and the polishing uniformity of each position of the surface are further improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a polishing roll for linear hydrodynamic polishing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a polishing roll for linear hydrodynamic polishing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotary polishing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a bi-directional feeding linear hydraulic polishing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a bottom view of a double feed linear hydrodynamic polishing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a rear view of a double feed linear hydrodynamic polishing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of an infeed mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the longitudinal feeding mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will explain the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them without inventive effort.

As shown in FIG. 1, a polishing roll 10 for linear hydrodynamic polishing has a cylindrical body structure with a diameter of 200mm and a thickness of 30mm, and is made of an aluminum alloy material. As shown in fig. 2, micro-groove structures 11 for generating dynamic pressure are uniformly distributed on the circumferential surface, the micro-groove structures 11 include arc portions 12 of the circumferential surface and micro-groove portions 13 extending along the circumferential direction of the circumferential surface, and the micro-groove portions are formed by wire cutting.

As shown in fig. 3, when the polishing roller 10 and the to-be-polished member move relatively during the polishing process, the polishing liquid flows from the micro-groove portion 13 with a large gap between the to-be-polished member and the micro-groove structure to the arc portion 12 with a small gap to form a hydrodynamic lubrication film, and the surface material of the workpiece is uniformly and rapidly removed under the dual actions of the abrasive particles and the hydrodynamic lubrication film. The groove portions 13 are optimally designed and have a geometry that ensures that a strong and uniform hydrodynamic pressure is generated when the polishing roll 10 is rotated. The projection of the micro-groove part 13 along the axial direction of the polishing roller 10 is a parabola or a straight line, the central angle is 12-18 degrees, the optimal angle is 18 degrees, and the maximum depth of the micro-groove part 13 is 1-3mm, and the optimal depth is 1 mm. The parabolic micro-groove part 14 and a section of arc surface 12 with radian not larger than the micro-groove part form a parabolic micro-groove structure, and the linear micro-groove part 13 and a section of arc surface 12 with radian not larger than the micro-groove part form a wedge-shaped micro-groove structure. The number of the micro-groove structures 11 is set to be even number, and is twelve in the optimal case. In the twelve microgroove structures, the parabolic microgroove structures and the wedge-shaped microgroove structures are sequentially alternated, or the two parabolic microgroove structures and the two wedge-shaped microgroove structures are sequentially alternated, or the three parabolic microgroove structures and the three wedge-shaped microgroove structures are sequentially alternated, or the six parabolic microgroove structures and the six wedge-shaped microgroove structures are sequentially alternated. Wherein, the effect is the best when three parabola-shaped micro-groove structures and three wedge-shaped micro-groove structures are sequentially and alternately used. A30 mm unthreaded hole is formed in the center of the polishing roller, and a counter bore with the diameter of 110mm and the depth of 15mm is coaxially arranged and used for being connected with a shaft of a rotating motor.

As shown in fig. 4, a polishing roller 10 for linear hydrodynamic polishing is mounted on a bidirectional-feeding linear hydrodynamic polishing apparatus, which comprises a transverse feeding mechanism 20, a longitudinal feeding mechanism 30, a rotary polishing mechanism 40 and a frame 50, wherein both the transverse feeding mechanism 20 and the longitudinal feeding mechanism 30 are movably mounted on the frame 50, and the rotary polishing mechanism 40 is fixed on the longitudinal feeding mechanism 30.

The frame 50 includes a base 51 and two vertical columns 52, the base 51 is disposed horizontally, and the two vertical columns 52 are disposed in parallel and fixed on the base 51. As shown in fig. 5, the base 51 has a first guide rail 58 for slidably mounting the infeed mechanism 20. As shown in fig. 6, the two columns 52 are respectively provided with second guide rails 59 arranged oppositely for slidably mounting the longitudinal feeding mechanism 30.

The traverse mechanism 20 includes a table 21, a polishing tank 22, a rack 23, a gear 24, and a servo motor 25. The workbench 21 is installed on the first guide rail in a sliding fit mode, the cross section of the first guide rail is provided with a dovetail groove structure, the bottom of the workbench is provided with a tenon structure with the same cross section, and the workbench and the tenon structure are installed in a sliding mode. The side of the working table 21 is fixed with a rack 23, a gear 24 is arranged on a base 51 and is connected with a servo motor 25 through a connecting rod and a coupling. As shown in FIG. 7, the gear 24 is engaged with the rack 23, and when the servo motor 25 is actuated, the table 21 is fed laterally. Contact inductors are arranged at the stroke limit positions at the two ends of the base 21, and limit columns are arranged at the two ends of the workbench. In order to realize reciprocating feeding of the base during polishing, contact sensors are arranged at two ends of the base, limiting columns are arranged at two ends of the workbench, and when the limiting columns move to the positions above the contact sensors, the limiting columns are triggered to send electric signals to the servo motor, so that the servo motor changes the rotating direction. When the workpiece is polished, the workbench can realize reciprocating feeding, so that polishing ripples on the surface of the workpiece can be eliminated, and uneven polishing of transverse points of the workpiece is avoided. A workpiece rack 26 is arranged in the polishing groove 22, an electromagnet is arranged in the workpiece rack 26, and when a metal workpiece to be polished is placed on the workpiece rack, the electromagnet is electrified to generate a magnetic field to fix the workpiece.

As shown in fig. 8, the longitudinal feeding mechanism 30 includes a screw holder 31, a lead screw 32, a first worm wheel 33, a first worm 34, a rocking handle 35, a second worm wheel 36, a second worm 37, and a fine adjustment knob 38. The screw 32 is longitudinally disposed and rotatably mounted to the frame 50. The threaded seat 31 is in sliding fit between the two second guide rails, the threaded seat 31 is in threaded fit with the screw rod 32, and the rotary polishing mechanism 40 is mounted on the threaded seat 31. When the screw 32 is rotated, the rotation of the screw holder 31 in the horizontal plane is restricted by the second guide rail, which can only be fed longitudinally in the direction of the screw. Due to the uniformity of the screw threads of the screw rod, the longitudinal displacement of the screw seat is constant when the screw rod rotates for one circle. Further, the size of the longitudinal displacement can be adjusted by setting the thread pitch of the screw rod threads, namely when the longitudinal adjustment with higher precision is required, the screw rod and the thread seat with smaller thread pitch under the same screw rod diameter can be replaced, so that when the screw rod rotates for one circle, the longitudinal displacement of the thread seat is smaller. The first worm wheel 33 is coaxially fixed at the bottom of the screw 32 and is matched with the first worm 34, and the first worm 34 is rotatably arranged on the base 51 and is connected with the rocking handle 35 through a connecting rod and a coupling. When the rocking handle 35 is rotated, the first worm 34 is linked with the first worm wheel 33 and drives the screw rod 32 to rotate, so that the longitudinal displacement of the threaded seat 31 is realized.

For the polishing roller based on the linear hydraulic pressure, the polishing gap is required to be controlled within 20-200 μm. In order to more accurately realize the longitudinal adjustment of the threaded seat, a worm gear is added on the basis of the transmission mechanism. The second worm wheel 36 is coaxially connected with the first worm 34, the second worm 37 is coaxially connected with the fine adjustment knob 38, and the second worm 37 is coupled with the second worm wheel 36 in a linkage manner. Due to the addition of the first worm gear, i.e., the second worm wheel 36 and the second worm 37, the reduction ratio from the rotation input end to the rotation output end is further increased, and fine adjustment with a precision of 10 μm can be realized, thereby improving the adjustment precision of the screw base. After the workpiece is placed in the station, the rocking handle 35 is rotated to enable the rotary polishing mechanism to rapidly enter the processing station, and then the fine adjustment knob 38 is rotated to adjust the polishing roller to a required polishing clearance.

The rotary polishing mechanism 40 comprises a rotating motor 41 and a polishing roller 10, wherein the rotating motor 41 is arranged on the threaded seat 31 of the longitudinal feeding mechanism, and the rotating motor 41 and the threaded seat 31 are integrated in a longitudinal box body. The shaft of the rotary motor 41 passes through the housing, and the burnishing roller 10 is mounted on the end of the shaft. The polishing roller 10 is disposed in the polishing receptacle 22 in clearance fit with a workpiece to be polished mounted on a workpiece holder 26.

The polishing process comprises the following specific implementation steps:

workpiece fixing and early preparation: the workpiece is flatly fixed at the center of the workpiece holder 26 by paraffin, the workpiece holder 26 is fixed at the center inside the polishing tank 22 by electromagnetic suction, and the polishing solution is added into the polishing tank to a specified scale mark.

Transverse feeding: the servo motor 25 is started, the gear 24 is driven to rotate through the shaft, and the rack 23 drives the transverse worktable 21 to perform transverse feeding, so that the polishing groove 22 on the transverse worktable 21 is moved to be right below the polishing roller 10.

Longitudinal feeding: the rocking handle 35 is rotated to transmit the torque to the turbine 33 fixed at the tail end of the screw rod 32 through the shaft, the connecting rod and the worm, the screw rod 32 rotates to drive the longitudinal box body fixed on the screw rod nut seat 31 to do longitudinal descending motion, and the polishing roller 10 also descends along with the longitudinal descending motion. When the burnishing roller approaches the workpiece, it is instead indexed longitudinally by a worm 37 rotatably fixed to the shield. Until the workpiece is just touched, the corresponding scales of the worm 37 are reversely rotated according to the polishing clearance required by the experiment, so that the feeding of the polishing clearance required by the experiment is accurately finished.

Polishing: the rotary motor 41 is started to transmit power to the polishing roller 10 through the shaft, driving the polishing roller to rotate at a high speed. Meanwhile, the servo motor 25 is controlled to output positive and negative rotation power in a designated period, so that the workpiece in the polishing groove 22 can do reciprocating motion with small amplitude. The polishing roller 10 with a composite structure rotating at a high speed can generate a large and uniform linear pressure field in a narrow polishing gap by virtue of the microstructure units on the circumferential surface of the polishing roller, and drives abrasive particles to impact the surface of a workpiece, so that efficient and uniform polishing is completed.

Disassembling the workpiece: after finishing the polishing process for a prescribed time, the rotary motor 41 and the servo motor 25 are turned off, the rocking handle 35 is rotated, and the polishing roller 10 is lifted up by the longitudinal feed mechanism. Then the servo motor 25 is started, the gear 24 rotates reversely, and the polishing groove 22 is withdrawn from the station. The electromagnetic attraction is turned off, the workpiece holder 26 is taken out from the bottom of the polishing tank, and finally the polished workpiece is removed by heat treatment.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.