阅读说明：本技术 带半开窗的管壁布膜器、降膜式蒸发设备及液体分布方法 (Pipe wall film distributor with half-open window, falling film type evaporation equipment and liquid distribution method ) 是由 王学生 孟祥宇 陈琴珠 于 2019-09-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种带半开窗的管壁布膜器,包括布膜器本体,所述布膜器下端与换热管内壁套接,其特征在于：所述布膜器管壁上设有若干个带有液体导向窗页的半开式窗口；所述布膜器管口沿着轴向母线切开并部分重叠；所述的布膜器本体管壁沿周向设置若干个定位凸台。还公开了降膜式蒸发或再沸设备,以及液体分布方法。本发明同时改善了管程相变传热与壳程冷凝传热,使得本发明的降膜式蒸发设备总传热系数可达到光管的约1.73倍,可适应换热设备更大的负荷操作要求,有效改善出口物料质量。(The invention discloses a pipe wall film distributor with a half-open window, which comprises a film distributor body, wherein the lower end of the film distributor is sleeved with the inner wall of a heat exchange pipe, and the pipe wall film distributor is characterized in that: the pipe wall of the film distributor is provided with a plurality of semi-open windows with liquid guide window leaves; the pipe orifice of the film distributor is cut along an axial bus and partially overlapped; the pipe wall of the film distributor body is circumferentially provided with a plurality of positioning bosses. Falling film evaporation or reboiling equipment, and liquid distribution methods are also disclosed. The invention improves the tube-side phase change heat transfer and the shell-side condensation heat transfer at the same time, so that the total heat transfer coefficient of the falling film evaporation equipment can reach about 1.73 times of that of a light pipe, the falling film evaporation equipment can meet the requirement of larger load operation of heat exchange equipment, and the quality of outlet materials is effectively improved.)

1. The utility model provides a take pipe wall film distributor of half-windowing, includes the film distributor body, film distributor lower extreme cup joints its characterized in that with the heat exchange tube inner wall: the pipe wall of the film distributor is provided with a plurality of semi-open windows with liquid guide window leaves; the pipe orifice of the film distributor is cut along an axial bus and partially overlapped; the pipe wall of the film distributor body is circumferentially provided with a plurality of positioning bosses.

2. The tube wall film distributor with the half-window function according to claim 1, wherein: the semi-open window with the liquid guide window leaf is an inwards-concave wedge-shaped window, and the bottom and the top of the wedge are connected with the pipe wall of the film distributor; or the semi-open window with the liquid guide window leaf is semicircular.

3. The tube wall film distributor with the half-window function according to claim 1, wherein: the windows on the tube wall of the film distributor are uniformly distributed along the tube wall; the width of the window is 1.8 mm-3.2 mm.

4. The tube wall film distributor with the half-window function according to claim 1, wherein: and a groove is formed in the upper pipe wall of the film distributor.

5. The tube wall film distributor with the half-window function according to claim 1, wherein: the axial generatrix of the pipe orifice of the film distributor is cut and partially overlapped, and the overlap edge of the overlapped part is 2-7 mm; the number of the windows is 2-8.

6. Falling film evaporation or reboiling equipment, including pipe case (1) and barrel (4) of connecting with it, characterized by: the heat exchange equipment barrel (4) is vertically arranged, the tube box (1) is connected with the barrel (4) through an upper end flange, and a lower end flange is arranged at the lower end of the barrel (4); the heat exchange tube (11) is arranged in the cylinder (4) and penetrates through the flange;

a liquid distribution disc (2) is arranged in the tube box (1), a tube pass inlet is formed in the upper end of the tube box (1), an anti-vortex device (8-1) is arranged at the tube pass inlet (8), and a tube pass outlet (7) is formed in the lower end of the heat exchange tube (11); the inlet position of the heat exchange tube (11) is connected with a film distributor (9) as claimed in claim 1; the upper end of the cylinder body is provided with a shell pass inlet (10), and the lower end of the cylinder body is provided with a shell pass outlet (5).

7. A falling film evaporation or reboiling apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the liquid distribution disc is provided with two parts, wherein the upper end is a small liquid distribution disc cylinder (12), the lower end is a large liquid distribution disc cylinder (13), and the two parts are connected through a stud (15).

8. A falling film evaporation or reboiling apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the bottom of the small liquid distribution disc cylinder (12) is provided with a liquid distribution hole (14); the tube pass inlet is positioned above the liquid distribution disc; the vortex-proof device is communicated with the tube pass inlet and is disc-shaped or similar disc-shaped.

9. A falling film evaporation or reboiling apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: a surfacing sealing layer is arranged between the upper end flanges; and a surfacing sealing layer is arranged between the lower end flanges.

10. A method for distributing liquid on the tube wall of a falling film heat exchange evaporation or reboiling device is characterized in that: the falling film evaporation or reboiling equipment as claimed in claim 6, wherein steam enters the shell side from the shell side inlet at the upper end of the cylinder body, condensation heat exchange is carried out on the surface of the heat exchange tube, and condensate is discharged from the shell side outlet at the lower end of the cylinder body under the action of gravity along the heat exchange tube; the tube side medium enters along the tube side inlet, falls into the liquid distribution disc, uniformly falls on a tube bridge of the tube plate through the small holes of the liquid distribution disc, and after a stable liquid level is formed above the tube plate, the liquid material enters from the window on the film distributor, and the liquid film flowing into the tube rotationally descends under the dual actions of gravity and static liquid level differential pressure, and forms a complete uniform liquid film; the working medium is uniformly distributed in each heat exchange tube through the tube orifice film distributor and flows downwards in a film shape on the inner wall of each heat exchange tube; and the fluid film in the heat exchange tube exchanges heat with the steam outside the heat exchange tube, and the working medium in the tube is discharged from the tube pass outlet after heat exchange.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a tube wall film distributor of an efficient falling film evaporation/reboiling device, evaporation equipment and a liquid distribution method, belonging to the field of heat exchangers.

Background

Falling film evaporation is used as an efficient heat and mass transfer technology, and compared with other types of heat transfer modes, the vertical tube falling film evaporation heat transfer has the advantages of high heat transfer coefficient, small heat transfer temperature difference loss, easiness in realizing multi-effect operation, capability of treating heat-sensitive materials, simple structure, convenience in installation and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of chemical industry, oil refining, energy sources, aerospace, seawater desalination, refrigeration and the like. Wherein, the pipe wall film distributor ensures that the whole film is wetted and formed in the pipe, which is very important for the heat transfer effect. The film distribution of the existing film distributor is not uniform enough. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a semi-open type falling film evaporation tube wall liquid distribution device which can significantly improve the tube pass heat transfer efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a tube wall membrane distributor. Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency falling-film evaporation apparatus. The invention also solves the technical problem of providing a pipe wall liquid distribution method utilizing the falling film evaporation equipment.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a pipe wall film distributor with a half-open window comprises a film distributor body, wherein the lower end of the film distributor is sleeved with the inner wall of a heat exchange pipe, and the pipe wall of the film distributor is provided with a plurality of half-open windows with liquid guide window leaves; the pipe orifice of the film distributor is cut along an axial bus and partially overlapped; the pipe wall of the film distributor body is circumferentially provided with a plurality of positioning bosses.

The film distributor pipe orifice is cut along an axial generatrix and overlapped to form an opening edge folding. The pipe orifice is cut along the axial bus and overlapped to have an elastic function, the film distributor is tightened during installation, and the film distributor is loosened after being inserted into the pipe and tightly attached to the inner wall of the heat exchange pipe to ensure the coaxiality of the film distributor and the heat exchange pipe. The pipe orifices are cut along the axial generatrix and overlapped, so that the pipe orifices have better elasticity in the circumferential direction, and the requirement of error in the inner diameter of the heat exchange pipe can be met.

The film distributor of the semi-open window with the liquid guide window leaf is in a concave inward opening shape.

According to the tube wall membrane distributor with the window, the positioning boss is preferably located on the middle section of the membrane distributor body. The lower part of the pipe wall film distributor is inserted into the pipe orifice at the upper end of the heat exchange pipe and is completely matched with the inner wall of the heat exchange pipe, and the positioning lug boss on the film distributor controls the insertion depth of the film distributor.

Preferably, the boss can be arranged on the pipe wall corresponding to the semi-open type window in the circumferential direction, and can also be arranged at other places of the pipe wall of the film distributor and arranged along the circumferential direction. When the boss is arranged on the pipe wall corresponding to the semi-open type window in the circumferential direction, one end of the joint of the semi-open type window and the pipe wall is in a concave shape pressed downwards, and correspondingly, the corresponding boss is arranged on the outer edge of the other end of the semi-open type window.

According to the tube wall film distributor with the windows, preferably, the semi-open window with the liquid guide window sash is an inwards-concave wedge-shaped window, and the bottom and the top of the wedge are connected with the tube wall of the film distributor; or the semi-open window with the liquid guide window leaf is semicircular.

The window may also be semi-circular or similar, triangular, trapezoidal, etc.

Preferably, the windows on the tube wall of the film distributor are uniformly distributed along the tube wall; the width of the window is 1.8 mm-3.2 mm.

Preferably, the upper pipe wall of the film distributor is provided with a groove. The pipe wall close to the pipe orifice at the upper end is provided with a groove.

The groove is used for fixing the hoop, so that the strength is improved, and the membrane distributor can be prevented from being possibly exploded.

The groove can be a continuous circle or discontinuous clamping grooves as long as the clamping hoop can be fixed. When the grooves are discontinuous, 2-3 grooves are preferably formed in the upper end of the tube wall of the film distributor.

When the film distributor is inserted into the heat exchange tube, the film distributor and the heat exchange tube are coaxial.

Preferably, the number of the windows is 2 to 8. More preferably, the number of windows is 2 to 4.

Preferably, the axial generatrix of the mouth of the film distributor is cut and partially overlapped, and the overlap edge of the overlapped part is 2-7 mm.

Such an overlapping width length allows for material savings.

The invention also provides falling film evaporation or reboiling equipment, which comprises a tube box 1 and a cylinder body 4 connected with the tube box, wherein the cylinder body 4 of the heat exchange equipment is vertically arranged, the tube box 1 is connected with the cylinder body 4 through an upper end flange, and a lower end flange is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder body 4; the heat exchange tube 11 is arranged in the cylinder 4 and penetrates through the flange;

a liquid distribution disc 2 is arranged in the tube box 1, a tube pass inlet is formed in the upper end of the tube box 1, an anti-vortex device 8-1 is arranged at the tube pass inlet 8, and a tube pass outlet 7 is formed in the lower end of the heat exchange tube 11; the inlet of the heat exchange tube 11 is connected with the film distributor 9; the upper end of the cylinder body is provided with a shell pass inlet 10, and the lower end of the cylinder body is provided with a shell pass outlet 5.

The film distributor 9 is inserted into the heat exchange tube, and the diameter of the film distributor is equivalent to the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube. The tube-side inlet is positioned above the shell-side inlet; the tube-side outlet is located below the shell-side outlet. The pipe orifice film distributor is arranged at the upper end part of the heat exchange pipe 11.

According to the falling film evaporation or reboiling equipment of the present invention, preferably, the liquid distribution plate has two parts, the upper end is a small liquid distribution plate cylinder 12, and the lower end is a large liquid distribution plate cylinder 13, which are connected through a stud 15.

In a falling film evaporation or reboiling apparatus according to the present invention, the bottom of the small cylinder 12 of the liquid distribution plate is preferably provided with liquid distribution holes 14.

In a falling film evaporation or reboiling apparatus according to the present invention, preferably the tube side inlet is located above the liquid distribution tray; the vortex-proof device is communicated with the tube pass inlet and is disc-shaped or similar disc-shaped.

According to the falling film evaporation or reboiling equipment, a surfacing sealing layer is preferably arranged between the upper end flanges; and a surfacing sealing layer is arranged between the lower end flanges.

Preferably, the outer surface of the heat exchange tube base body is provided with a longitudinal groove; the cross section of the heat exchange tube longitudinal groove is U-shaped.

The invention also provides a pipe orifice liquid distribution method of the falling film type heat exchange evaporation or reboiling equipment, by adopting the falling film type evaporation or reboiling equipment, steam enters a shell pass from a shell pass inlet at the upper end of a cylinder body, condensation heat exchange is carried out on the surface of a heat exchange pipe, and condensate is discharged from a shell pass outlet at the lower end of the cylinder body under the action of gravity along the heat exchange pipe; the tube side medium enters along the tube side inlet, falls into the liquid distribution disc, uniformly falls on a tube bridge of the tube plate through the small holes of the liquid distribution disc, and after a stable liquid level is formed above the tube plate, the liquid material enters from the window on the film distributor, and the liquid film flowing into the tube rotationally descends under the dual actions of gravity and static liquid level differential pressure, and forms a complete uniform liquid film; the working medium is uniformly distributed in each heat exchange tube through the tube wall film distributor and flows downwards in a film shape on the inner wall of each heat exchange tube; and the fluid film in the heat exchange tube exchanges heat with the steam outside the heat exchange tube, and the working medium in the tube is discharged from the tube pass outlet after heat exchange.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the technical problem that liquid in large falling film evaporation equipment is unstable and uneven in distribution is solved by a coordinated design technology of a combination of an anti-vortex structure and a multi-layer liquid distribution plate structure, and the nominal diameter of the equipment reaches the maximum diameter DN4000mm specified by a relevant design standard.

(2) By adopting a multi-window spiral-flow type structure technology, the technical bottlenecks that the traditional heat exchange tube orifice film distributor is difficult to form films, has large flow, is limited in the application range of equipment running load and the like are broken through, the minimum film forming flow is reduced by 30%, and the application range of the load can reach 70% -130%.

(3) Compared with the common heat exchanger, the heat transfer efficiency of the novel efficient falling film evaporator is improved by 40-45%.

The liquid material of the pipe orifice film distributor enters through the window on the liquid distribution pipe, and the liquid film flowing into the pipe can rotate and descend under the dual actions of gravity and static liquid level pressure difference to form a complete and uniform liquid film, so that the liquid in the pipe does not leak.

The liquid film flowing into the heat transfer pipe by the pipe orifice film distributor liquid material of the invention is rotated along the inner wall, thereby enhancing the evaporation heat exchange efficiency in the pipe. The pipe orifice film distributor enables liquid on the pipe plate to be evenly and stably distributed on the heat exchange pipe in a tangential rotational flow mode through the window, the liquid does not flow axially instantly when entering the window, the liquid is rapidly distributed on the inner wall of the heat exchange pipe, a dry wall transition area does not exist, and the falling film evaporation/reboiling equipment can efficiently exchange heat.

Compared with the traditional film distributor, the novel liquid falling film distributor has the advantages of simple structure, uniform film distribution, easy disassembly and assembly and batch production.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel efficient falling film evaporation device disclosed by the invention.

FIG. 2a is a schematic view of the tube side inlet anti-vortex device of the present invention.

Figure 2b is a schematic cross-sectional view of the vortex breaker.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the liquid distribution plate of the invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the tube wall film distributor of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the tube wall membrane distributor with grooves.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the tube wall membrane distributor of the present invention with a triangular window.

Fig. 7 and 8 show the liquid flowing state of the film distributor.

In the figure: the device comprises a tube box 1, a tube box 2, a liquid distribution disc 3, an upper end flange 3, a lower end flange 4, a cylinder body 5, a shell side outlet 6, a surfacing sealing layer 7, a tube side outlet 8, a tube side inlet 8, an anti-vortex device 8-1, a film distributor 9, a shell side inlet 10, a heat exchange tube 11, a small liquid distribution disc cylinder 12, a large liquid distribution disc cylinder 13, a liquid distribution hole 14, a stud 15 and a film distributor opening 16.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, a high efficiency falling film heat exchange apparatus comprising: the tube box 1, the barrel 4 with the heat exchange tube and the tube box 1 are connected with the barrel 4 through flanges, the barrel 4 of the heat exchange equipment is vertically arranged, the upper end and the lower end of the barrel are connected through an upper end flange 3 and a lower end flange 3-1, a surfacing sealing layer 6 is arranged between the flanges, and the heat exchange tube 11 and the flanges are sealed and positioned through the surfacing sealing layer 6. Liquid separating discs 2 are placed in the tube box 1 and uniformly distribute cold materials at an inlet 8 of a tube pass at the upper end of the tube box 1. The tube side inlet 8 is connected with an anti-vortex device 8-1, and the structure schematic diagram of the anti-vortex device is shown in fig. 2a and 2 b. The inlet position of the heat exchange tube is connected with a film distributor 9 for distributing films of materials in the tube, the lower end position of the heat exchange tube 11 is a tube pass outlet 7, and the upper end of the film distributor is arranged in the liquid distribution disc 2; and the upper end of the cylinder body is provided with a shell pass inlet 10, and the lower end of the cylinder body is provided with a shell pass outlet 5. Steam enters the shell pass from the shell pass inlet 10 at the upper end of the cylinder body and is condensed and heat-exchanged on the surface of the heat exchange tube 11, and condensate is discharged from the shell pass outlet 5 at the lower end of the cylinder body along the heat exchange tube 11 under the action of gravity.

As shown in fig. 2a and 2b, the tube side inlet 8 is provided with an anti-vortex device 8-1, so that unstable liquid level caused by direct washing of materials at the tube side inlet can be avoided, and a certain positive effect on uniform distribution of the materials can be achieved.

As shown in fig. 3, a liquid distribution disc is placed in the tube box 1, the liquid distribution disc has two parts, the upper end is a small liquid distribution disc cylinder 12, the lower end is a large liquid distribution disc cylinder 13, and the liquid falls into the small liquid distribution disc cylinder 12 and then falls into the large cylinder 13 through a liquid distribution hole 14 in the small cylinder before entering the film distributor 9.

The liquid separating disc can uniformly distribute cold materials at a tube pass inlet at the upper end of the tube box; the film distributor performs film distribution on the materials in the pipe; the material at the outlet of the tube side is a vapor-liquid mixed phase.

Steam enters the shell pass from the shell pass inlet 10 at the upper end of the cylinder body and is condensed and heat-exchanged on the surface of the heat exchange tube 11, and condensate is discharged from the shell pass outlet 5 at the lower end of the cylinder body along the heat exchange tube 11 under the action of gravity.

As shown in fig. 4, the tubular film distributor with the window comprises a film distributor body, the upper end of the film distributor is sleeved with the inner wall of the heat exchange tube, and the tube wall of the film distributor is provided with a plurality of windows with guide window leaves; the pipe wall of the film distributor body is provided with an opening overlapping edge running through the length direction, and the windows are distributed along the circumferential direction of the pipe wall of the film distributor body; one side of the window leaf is connected with the pipe wall of the film distributor body. The film distributor pipe orifice is cut along an axial generatrix and overlapped to form an opening overlap edge. The pipe orifice is cut along the axial bus and overlapped to have an elastic function, the film distributor is tightened during installation, and the film distributor is loosened after being inserted into the pipe and tightly attached to the inner wall of the heat exchange pipe to ensure the coaxiality of the film distributor and the heat exchange pipe. The guide window leaf is in a wedge-shaped structure, and the bottom of the wedge is inwards concave towards the pipe wall and is communicated with the pipe wall of the film distributor. The rest part faces the inside of the film distributor body.

In another preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the upper end of the tube wall of the film distributor is provided with a groove opening. The groove is used for fixing the hoop, so that the strength is improved, and the membrane distributor can be prevented from being possibly exploded. The groove can be a continuous circle or discontinuous clamping grooves as long as the clamping hoop can be fixed. Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the tube wall membrane distributor with a triangular window. The window of the tube wall film distributor can also be in other shapes.

The tube pass inlet is positioned above the liquid distribution disc; the vortex-preventing device 8-1 is communicated with the tube pass inlet and is in a disc shape or a similar disc shape. The cross section of the vortex-proof device is disc-shaped or disc-like, the longitudinal section of the vortex-proof device is displayed, the vortex-proof device is sleeved and communicated with the tube pass inlet on the vortex-proof device, and a tube pass medium enters from the tube pass inlet, flows through the vortex-proof device and then enters the liquid distribution plate. The anti-vortex device can prevent the liquid level from being unstable due to direct scouring of tube pass materials.

The pipe orifice liquid distribution method adopts the falling film evaporation or reboiling equipment shown in figure 1, steam enters a shell pass from a shell pass inlet at the upper end of a cylinder body, condensation heat exchange is carried out on the surface of a heat exchange pipe, and condensate is discharged from a shell pass outlet at the lower end of the cylinder body along the heat exchange pipe under the action of gravity; the tube side medium enters along the tube side inlet, falls into the liquid distribution disc, uniformly falls on a tube bridge of the tube plate through the small holes of the liquid distribution disc, and after a stable liquid level is formed above the tube plate, the liquid material enters from the window on the film distributor, and the liquid film flowing into the tube rotationally descends under the dual actions of gravity and static liquid level differential pressure, and forms a complete uniform liquid film; working media are uniformly distributed in each heat exchange tube through the tube wall film distributor and flow downwards in a film shape on the inner wall of each heat exchange tube, as shown in fig. 7 and 8; and the fluid film in the heat exchange tube exchanges heat with the steam outside the heat exchange tube, and the working medium in the tube is discharged from the tube pass outlet after heat exchange.