阅读说明：本技术 富锰渣的制备方法 (Preparation method of manganese-rich slag ) 是由 陈学刚 王书晓 裴忠冶 徐小锋 黎敏 于 2019-10-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种富锰渣的制备方法。该方法包括以下步骤：将锰矿石加至侧吹浸没燃烧熔炼炉中,同时利用侧吹喷枪从侧吹浸没燃烧熔炼炉的侧部向熔池中喷入富氧空气、燃料及还原剂,使锰矿石在富氧空气、燃料及还原剂的作用下进行熔化还原,得到富锰渣。利用本发明上述方法制备富锰渣,缩短了工艺流程,取代了传统的烧结-高炉设备,只需一台侧吹浸没燃烧熔炼炉便可满足生产要求,彻底消除了粉尘污染,改善了环境和减少了投资。同时,传统的烧结-高炉工艺流程对锰矿粉粒度有严格要求,要求在0～6mm,而本发明的方法对粒度没有特殊限制,小于10cm便可。另外,采用本发明提供的方法制备富锰渣,提高了燃料利用率,节能效果好。(The invention provides a preparation method of manganese-rich slag. The method comprises the following steps: adding manganese ore into a side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace, and simultaneously spraying oxygen-enriched air, fuel and a reducing agent into a molten pool from the side part of the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace by using a side-blown spray gun to melt and reduce the manganese ore under the action of the oxygen-enriched air, the fuel and the reducing agent to obtain manganese-enriched slag. The method for preparing the manganese-rich slag shortens the process flow, replaces the traditional sintering-blast furnace equipment, can meet the production requirement only by one side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace, thoroughly eliminates dust pollution, improves the environment and reduces the investment. Meanwhile, the traditional sintering-blast furnace process flow has strict requirements on the particle size of manganese ore, the requirement is 0-6 mm, and the method of the invention has no special limitation on the particle size, and the particle size can be smaller than 10 cm. In addition, the manganese-rich slag prepared by the method provided by the invention improves the fuel utilization rate and has good energy-saving effect.)

1. The preparation method of the manganese-rich slag is characterized by comprising the following steps of: adding manganese ore into a side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace, and simultaneously spraying oxygen-enriched air, fuel and a reducing agent into a molten pool from the side part of the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace by using a side-blown spray gun, so that the manganese ore is melted and reduced under the action of the oxygen-enriched air, the fuel and the reducing agent to obtain the manganese-enriched slag.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein during the melt reducing, the method further comprises the steps of: and providing carbon powder by using a spraying system, and spraying the carbon powder to a liquid iron layer in a molten pool by using a powder spraying and recarburizing spray gun through the side part of the side-blowing submerged combustion smelting furnace.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the oxygen content of the oxygen-enriched air is 40-70% by volume, preferably the reaction temperature during the melting reduction is 1250-1350 ℃.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the fuel is one or more of natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, pulverized coal, and coke briquettes; the reducing agent is one or more of carbon monoxide, pulverized coal, granular coal, waste graphite electrode blocks and coke particles; preferably, the addition amount of the reducing agent is 10-30% of the weight of the manganese ore.

5. A method according to claim 3, characterized by simultaneously adding flux to the molten pool of the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace during the smelting reduction; preferably, the fusing agent is one or more of quartz sand, gangue, quartz stone, limestone and dolomite.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized by the method further comprising the step of pelletizing the mixture of the flux and the manganese ores before the step of feeding the flux and the manganese ores to the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace; preferably, the granulation step forms the mixture into a mass having a particle size of less than 10 cm.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein m (CaO + MgO)/m (SiO) in the manganese-rich slag is controlled during the smelting reduction process₂)≤0.4。

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising the step of casting the manganese-rich slag.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein flue gas is also obtained in the melting reduction process, and the method further comprises the step of recovering waste heat of the flue gas.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein after the step of recovering waste heat, the method further comprises the step of subjecting the flue gas to a dedusting treatment.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a preparation method of manganese-rich slag.

Background

At present, the method for enriching manganese by using high-iron high-phosphorus refractory poor manganese ore mainly adopts a blast furnace smelting manganese-rich slag method, which is also a more method applied at home and abroad. The basic principle of the blast furnace manganese-rich slag smelting method is that valuable metals are reduced in different temperature intervals by utilizing different reduction temperatures of manganese, phosphorus and iron, so that the high-temperature separation method for selectively separating manganese, iron and phosphorus is realized.

The main process flow of blast furnace smelting manganese-rich slag is as follows: after batching and mixing, the manganese ore powder enters a sintering machine to be agglomerated; and sending the sintered ore into a blast furnace for selective reduction smelting. However, the sintering process of the sintering machine and the smelting process of the blast furnace selective reduction smelting have the problems of dust pollution, large consumption of auxiliary materials, large consumption of coke and electricity for smelting, slightly high production cost and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a preparation method of manganese-rich slag, which aims to solve the problems of dust pollution, high auxiliary material consumption and high production cost in the prior art when a blast furnace manganese-rich slag smelting process is adopted.

In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing manganese-rich slag, comprising the steps of: adding manganese ore into a side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace, and simultaneously spraying oxygen-enriched air, fuel and a reducing agent into a molten pool from the side part of the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace by using a side-blown spray gun to melt and reduce the manganese ore under the action of the oxygen-enriched air, the fuel and the reducing agent to obtain manganese-enriched slag.

Further, during the melting reduction, the method further comprises the steps of: and a powder injection and recarburization spray gun is used for injecting carbon powder to the liquid iron layer in the molten pool through the side part of the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace.

Further, the volume content of oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air is 40-70%, and the reaction temperature in the melting reduction process is 1250-1350 ℃ preferably.

Further, the fuel is one or more of natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, pulverized coal and coke blocks; the reducing agent is one or more of carbon monoxide, pulverized coal, granular coal, waste graphite electrode blocks and coke particles; preferably, the addition amount of the reducing agent is 10-30% of the weight of the manganese ore.

Further, in the process of smelting reduction, simultaneously adding a fusing agent into a molten pool of the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace; preferably, the fusing agent is one or more of quartz sand, gangue, quartz stone, limestone and dolomite.

Further, the method further comprises, before the step of feeding the flux and the manganese ore to the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace, a step of pelletizing the mixture of the flux and the manganese ore; preferably, the granulation step is carried out by forming the mixture into a mass having a particle size of less than 10 cm.

Furthermore, in the melting reduction process, m (CaO + MgO)/m (SiO) in the manganese-rich slag is controlled₂)≤0.4。

Further, the method also comprises the step of carrying out ingot casting on the manganese-rich slag.

Further, flue gas is obtained in the melting reduction process, and the method further comprises the step of recovering waste heat of the flue gas.

Further, after the step of recovering the waste heat, the method also comprises the step of carrying out dust removal treatment on the flue gas.

The method for preparing the manganese-rich slag shortens the process flow, replaces the traditional sintering-blast furnace equipment, can meet the production requirement only by one side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace, thoroughly eliminates dust pollution, improves the environment and reduces the investment. Meanwhile, the traditional sintering-blast furnace process flow has strict requirements on the particle size of manganese ore, the requirement is 0-6 mm, and the method of the invention has no special limitation on the particle size, and the particle size can be smaller than 10 cm. In addition, the manganese-rich slag prepared by the method provided by the invention improves the fuel utilization rate and has good energy-saving effect.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a manganese-rich slag manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace; 20. a blowing system; 30. a granulation unit; 40. a dosing unit; 50. an ingot unit; 60. a waste heat boiler; 70. a dust removal unit; 80. a desulfurization unit;

A. oxygen-enriched air; B. a fuel; C. a reducing agent; D. manganese-rich slag ingots; E. pig iron; F. smoke dust; G. and (5) purifying the flue gas.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as claimed.

As described in the background art, the problems of dust pollution, large auxiliary material consumption and high production cost exist when the blast furnace smelting manganese-rich slag process is adopted.

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a preparation method of manganese-rich slag, which comprises the following steps: adding manganese ore into a side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace, and simultaneously spraying oxygen-enriched air, fuel and a reducing agent into a molten pool from the side part of the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace by using a side-blown spray gun to melt and reduce the manganese ore under the action of the oxygen-enriched air, the fuel and the reducing agent to obtain manganese-enriched slag.

The invention utilizes a side-blowing submerged combustion smelting furnace as the melting reduction equipment of manganese ore, the working condition in the furnace is a liquid molten bath, and oxygen-enriched air, fuel and reducing agent are sprayed into the molten bath from the side part by a side-blowing spray gun in a mode of immersing the molten bath, so that the manganese ore is melted and reduced to generate manganese-enriched slag.

The method for preparing the manganese-rich slag shortens the process flow, replaces the traditional sintering-blast furnace process, can meet the production requirement only by one side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace, thoroughly eliminates dust pollution, improves the environment and reduces the investment. Meanwhile, the traditional sintering-blast furnace process flow has strict requirements on the particle size of manganese ore, the requirement is 0-6 mm, and the device of the invention has no special limitation on the particle size and can be smaller than 10 cm. In addition, the device provided by the invention is used for preparing the manganese-rich slag, so that the fuel utilization rate is improved, and the energy-saving effect is good.

In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises the steps of, during the melting reduction: and a powder injection and recarburization spray gun is used for injecting carbon powder to the liquid iron layer in the molten pool through the side part of the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace. In a side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace, a series of metallurgical physical and chemical changes occur to the materials fed into the furnace. Iron and phosphorus in the manganese ore are reduced by carbon to produce pig iron, and higher oxides of manganese are reduced to lower oxides and enter the slag to form manganese-rich slag. By using the injection system and the powder injection recarburization spray gun to inject carbon powder to the liquid iron layer in the molten pool, the melting point of the pig iron on the metal layer can be reduced, and the discharge and sedimentation layering are facilitated.

In order to further improve the conversion rate and reaction efficiency of the smelting reduction, in a preferred embodiment, the oxygen content of the oxygen-enriched air is 40-70% by volume, and the reaction temperature during the smelting reduction is 1250-1350 ℃.

The fuel and reductant employed in the above process may be of the type commonly used in the pyrometallurgical arts, and in a preferred embodiment, the above fuel includes, but is not limited to, one or more of natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, pulverized coal, and coke breeze; reducing agents include, but are not limited to, one or more of carbon monoxide, pulverized coal, granulated coal, waste graphite electrode blocks, coke particles; more preferably, the addition amount of the reducing agent is 10-30% of the weight of the manganese ore.

In order to further improve the melting reaction efficiency and the conversion rate of the manganese ores, in a preferred embodiment, a fusing agent is simultaneously added into a molten pool of the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace during the melting reduction process; preferably, the fusing agent is one or more of quartz sand, gangue, quartz stone, limestone and dolomite. MiningBy using these fluxes, the high valence manganese is reduced to low valence oxide in the reduction process, in MnO form, and SiO in the flux₂Formation of Mn₂SiO₄And then the manganese-rich slag is added.

In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises, before the step of feeding the flux and the manganese ore to the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace, the step of pelletizing the mixture of flux and manganese ore; preferably, the granulation step is carried out by forming the mixture into a mass having a particle size of less than 10 cm. The technical scheme of preparing the manganese-rich slag by using the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace has no special limitation on the feed particle size of manganese ore, and the particle size is smaller than 10 cm.

In a preferred embodiment, when the moisture content of the material is equal to or more than 15 wt%, the method further comprises the step of drying the material to a moisture content of less than 15 wt% before the step of feeding the material to the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace. This can further improve the effect of the melting reduction.

In a preferred embodiment, m (CaO + MgO)/m (SiO) in the manganese-rich slag is controlled during the smelting reduction process₂) Less than or equal to 0.4. The control of the slag type is more beneficial to improving the smelting effect of the molten pool.

In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises the step of casting the manganese-rich slag. After being cast, the manganese-rich slag can be directly packed for sale.

In a preferred embodiment, flue gas is obtained in the melting reduction process, and the method further comprises the step of recovering waste heat of the flue gas; preferably, after the step of recovering the waste heat, the method further comprises the step of performing dust removal treatment on the flue gas. Thus being more beneficial to improving the green environmental protection property of the method.

Specifically, the following method can be used: the method comprises the following steps that smoke generated in the smelting process enters an ascending flue of the waste heat boiler, the temperature of the smoke at the outlet of the ascending flue is about 750-800 ℃, the temperature of the smoke after passing through a convection area of the waste heat boiler is reduced to about 350 ℃, and the smoke enters an electric dust collector. The smoke and dust obtained by the waste heat boiler and the electric dust collector are conveyed to a semi-finished product warehouse by air force to be stocked and sold. And the flue gas discharged from the electric dust collector is sent to a flue gas desulfurization system. And stopping feeding when the slag in the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace is accumulated to a certain amount, carrying out slag and iron discharging operation, and taking out the obtained manganese-rich slag after the slag is cast in a slag pan and the pig iron is cast in an iron mold.

According to another aspect of the invention, a manganese-rich slag preparation device is also provided, as shown in fig. 1, which comprises a side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace 10 and at least one side-blown lance, wherein the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace 10 is provided with a manganese ore inlet, and the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace 10 is used for melting and reducing manganese ore under the action of oxygen-enriched air a, fuel B and a reducing agent C to generate manganese-rich slag; a spray hole is arranged on the side wall of the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace 10; the side-blowing lance is used for injecting oxygen-enriched air A, fuel B and reducing agent C into a molten pool in the side-blowing submerged combustion smelting furnace 10 through an injection hole.

The invention utilizes a side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace 10 as melting reduction equipment of manganese ores, the working condition in the furnace is a liquid molten bath, and oxygen-enriched air, fuel and reducing agent are sprayed into the molten bath from the side part in a mode of immersing the molten bath by utilizing a side-blown spray gun, so that the manganese ores are melted and reduced to generate manganese-enriched slag.

The manganese-rich slag is prepared by the device, the process flow is shortened, the traditional sintering-blast furnace equipment is replaced, the production requirement can be met only by one side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace 10, the dust pollution is thoroughly eliminated, the environment is improved, and the investment is reduced. Meanwhile, the traditional sintering-blast furnace process flow has strict requirements on the particle size of manganese ore, the requirement is 0-6 mm, and the device of the invention has no special limitation on the particle size and can be smaller than 10 cm. In addition, the device provided by the invention is used for preparing the manganese-rich slag, so that the fuel utilization rate is improved, and the energy-saving effect is good.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the apparatus further comprises a blowing system 20 and a powder injection and recarburization spray gun, wherein the powder injection and recarburization spray gun is connected with an outlet of the blowing system 20 and is used for blowing carbon powder to a liquid iron layer in a molten pool inside the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace 10 through a spray hole. In the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace 10, a series of metallurgical physical and chemical changes occur in the material charged into the furnace. Iron and phosphorus in the manganese ore are reduced by carbon to produce pig iron, and higher oxides of manganese are reduced to lower oxides and enter the slag to form manganese-rich slag. By utilizing the injection system 20 and the powder injection recarburization spray gun to inject carbon powder to a liquid iron layer in a molten pool, the melting point of pig iron on a metal layer can be reduced, the discharge and sedimentation layering are facilitated, the produced manganese-rich slag and pig iron E can be better separated, and the pig iron E can be directly packed and sold.

In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a pelletizing unit 30, the pelletizing unit 30 being provided with a pellet outlet for pelletizing the mixture of manganese ore and flux, the pellet outlet being connected to the manganese ore inlet of the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace 10. After the mixture of manganese ore and flux is pelletized, the material enters the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace 10 to further improve the efficiency of smelting reduction. And the addition of the flux is also beneficial to further improving the conversion rate of manganese and reducing the reduction reaction temperature. The flux added in the process includes but is not limited to one or more of gangue, quartz sand, quartz stone, limestone and dolomite. Reducing high valence manganese into low valence oxide in the reduction process, and reacting with SiO in the flux in the form of MnO₂Formation of Mn₂SiO₄And then the manganese-rich slag is added.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the apparatus further comprises a dosing unit 40, the dosing unit 40 being connected to the granulation unit 30 for mixing the manganese ore and the flux to obtain a mixture. More preferably, the apparatus further comprises a drying unit disposed on a flow path between the manganese ore inlet and the pelletizing unit 30, for drying the moisture content of the material produced by the pelletizing unit 30 to below 15 wt%. The batching unit 40 can be used for batching the manganese ore and the flux, for example, a stirrer can be used for stirring and uniformly mixing the mixture. The moisture content of the material entering the reaction sequence can be controlled by the drying unit, and of course, when the moisture content of the material itself is low (for example, less than 15 wt%), the drying unit does not need to be operated.

In a more preferred embodiment, the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace 10 is further provided with a manganese-rich slag outlet, and the apparatus further comprises an ingot unit 50, the ingot unit 50 being connected to the manganese-rich slag outlet for the purpose of ingot manganese-rich slag. And after the step of casting, packaging the obtained manganese-rich slag casting D for sale.

In a preferred embodiment, the side-blown submerged combustion smelting furnace 10 is further provided with a flue gas outlet; the device also comprises a waste heat boiler 60, wherein the waste heat boiler 60 is provided with a heat medium inlet and a heat medium outlet, and the heat medium inlet is connected with the smoke outlet. The heat in the flue gas can be effectively recovered by using the exhaust heat boiler 60. More preferably, the device further comprises a dust removal unit 70, and the dust removal unit 70 is connected to the heat medium outlet and is used for performing dust removal treatment on the flue gas discharged from the heat medium outlet. The specific dust removing unit 70 may be of a type commonly used in the field of flue gas dust removal, for example, the dust removing unit 70 is an electric dust collector or a bag-type dust collector. After dust removal, the obtained smoke dust F can be subjected to harmless treatment.

In order to further improve the environmental protection performance of the processing device, in a preferred embodiment, the device further comprises a desulfurization unit 80, the desulfurization unit 80 is connected with the gas phase outlet of the dust removal unit 70, and is used for performing desulfurization treatment on the flue gas discharged from the gas phase outlet, and the obtained purified flue gas G can be directly discharged to the atmosphere.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are further illustrated by the following examples: