阅读说明：本技术 一种电梯紧急保护装置 (emergency protection device for elevator ) 是由 王君 于 2019-11-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种电梯紧急保护装置,包括工作箱以及所述工作箱内的工作腔,所述工作腔底壁固设有滑轨,所述滑轨内设有向右开口的第一滑槽,所述滑轨内设有与所述第一滑槽贯通的制动腔,所述制动腔向左开口,所述第一滑槽内滑动设有电梯箱,所述电梯箱内设有电梯腔,所述电梯箱下端面固设有传感箱,所述传感箱内设有传感腔,所述传感腔内滑动设有滑动板,本发明是针对电梯紧急下坠设计的保护装置,在电梯失控加速下坠时,会将棘爪卡入棘轮槽中,使棘轮只能单向转动,延缓电梯箱下降的速度,本发明还会从电梯井侧边弹出一块制动板,通过与电梯箱接触产生的摩擦力紧急制动电梯箱,减缓下坠速度,在电梯井底部还设有安全气囊与机械制动装置,给电梯箱提供一个相对平稳的制动力,在紧急制动下坠的电梯箱时同时保护电梯箱内的乘客收到危险。(The invention discloses an elevator emergency protection device, which comprises a working box and a working cavity in the working box, wherein a sliding rail is fixedly arranged on the bottom wall of the working cavity, a sliding chute with a right opening is arranged in the sliding rail, a braking cavity communicated with a sliding chute is arranged in the sliding rail, an elevator box is arranged in the sliding chute, an elevator cavity is arranged in the elevator box, a sensing box is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the elevator box, a sensing cavity is arranged in the sensing box, a sliding plate is arranged in the sensing cavity in a sliding manner, the invention relates to a protection device designed for elevator emergency falling, when the elevator is out of control and the elevator falls, a pawl can be clamped into a ratchet groove, so that a ratchet wheel can only rotate in one direction, and the falling speed of the elevator box is delayed, the invention can also eject braking plates from the side edges of the elevator shaft, the falling speed of the elevator box is slowed down by the friction force generated by the contact with the elevator box, and a safety airbag and a mechanical braking device are also arranged at the bottom of the elevator shaft, so as to provide relative and stable braking force for the elevator car to protect passengers.)

1, an elevator emergency protection device, which comprises a working box and a working chamber in the working box, wherein a sliding rail is fixedly arranged on the bottom wall of the working chamber, and is characterized in that a sliding chute which is opened rightwards is arranged in the sliding rail, a braking chamber which is communicated with a 0 sliding chute is arranged in the sliding rail, the braking chamber is opened leftwards, an elevator box is arranged in the sliding chute, an elevator chamber is arranged in the elevator box, a sensing chamber is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the elevator box, a sensing chamber is arranged in the sensing box, a sliding plate is slidably arranged in the sensing chamber, the sliding plate is connected with the sensing chamber through a spring, the bottom of the working box is provided with an air chamber, an air bag is arranged in the air bag chamber, an air pipe extends upwards into the working chamber, a protection chamber is arranged on the left end wall of the working box, a second spring is fixedly arranged on the left end surface of the protection chamber, a braking plate is fixedly connected with the other end of the second spring, a sliding chamber is arranged on the upper end wall of the working box, a sliding chamber is provided with a sliding chamber, a ratchet wheel which is fixedly connected with a pull rope, a rotating pulley 4934, a ratchet wheel is arranged on the top wall of the working box, a ratchet wheel which is connected with a rotating shaft, and a rotating shaft, a rotating shaft 363, and a ratchet wheel rotating shaft is arranged on the top;

work as when the elevator case is out of order to descend with higher speed, the wind extrusion of decline production the sliding block, the sliding block upward movement makes the stay cord relaxs, stay cord relaxs the messenger the second spring resets with the braking plate pops out, the braking plate gets into in the braking chamber, with elevator case left side terminal surface butt reduces the speed that the elevator case descends, the reel reversal passes through the second stay cord is given elevator case ascending pulling force reduces the speed that the elevator case descends, through the trachea is given aerify in the gasbag, make the gasbag inflation reduces the power that produces when elevator case and working chamber bottom wall contact.

2. The kinds of emergency elevator protection devices of claim 1, wherein the working chamber includes a second shaft rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the working chamber, the working chamber is fixedly provided with a bevel gear, the bottom wall of the working chamber is rotatably provided with a third shaft located at the right side of the second shaft, the third shaft and the second shaft are connected by a pulley, the upper end surfaces of the second shaft and the third shaft are fixedly provided with a threaded sleeve, the threaded sleeve is connected with a threaded rod in a threaded manner, the front and rear end walls of the working chamber are symmetrically provided with second sliding grooves, a sliding block is slidably provided in the second sliding grooves, and the opposite end surface of the sliding block is fixedly connected with the threaded rod by a fixing rod.

3. Elevator emergency protection device according to claim 2, wherein the bottom of the cage has a third sliding groove on the upper side of the threaded rod, a second sliding block is sliding in the third sliding groove, the upper end of the second sliding block is connected with the third sliding groove through a fourth spring, when the cage descends at an accelerated speed, the threaded rod moves upwards into the third sliding groove, reducing the descending speed of the cage.

4. The emergency protection device for elevators according to claim 1, wherein a motor is fixed to a top left wall of the working chamber, an output shaft is dynamically connected to a right end surface of the motor, a second bevel gear is fixed to the output shaft, a fourth rotating shaft is rotatably disposed on a rear wall of the working chamber and positioned on a right side of the output shaft, a third bevel gear meshed with the second bevel gear is fixed to the fourth rotating shaft, the fourth rotating shaft and the rotating shaft are in transmission connection through a second pulley, a fourth sliding chute is disposed on a rear side of a top of the working chamber, a sensor is fixed to a left wall of the fourth sliding chute, the sensor is in electrical signal connection with the motor, a third sliding block is slidably disposed in the fourth sliding chute, the third sliding block and the fourth sliding chute are connected through a fifth spring, a left end surface of the third sliding block is connected to a lower end surface of the sliding plate through a third pull rope, a sliding rod is fixed to a lower end surface of the third sliding block and positioned on a right side of the ratchet wheel is fixed to a left end wall of the sliding rod, and the sliding rod is fixedly disposed on a left end wall of the sliding rod, when the elevator cage is in accelerated descent, the elevator, the ratchet wheel, the third pull rope is pulled, the ratchet wheel is in contact with the ratchet.

5. The kinds of emergency protectors for elevators according to claim 2, wherein a fifth rotating shaft is rotatably disposed on the rear cavity wall of the working chamber and below the th rotating shaft, the fifth rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the th rotating shaft through a third pulley, a one-way bearing is fixedly disposed at the front end of the fifth rotating shaft, a fourth bevel gear is fixedly disposed on the outer end wall of the one-way bearing, and the fourth bevel gear is meshed with the bevel gear.

6. The kinds of emergency elevator protection devices of claim 1, wherein the bottom of the working tank has a fifth chute located at the bottom of the sensing tank, the fifth chute opens upward, a spring rod slides in the fifth chute, the spring rod extends upward into the working chamber, a suction pump located at the upper side of the air tube is fixed on the left end face of the top of the spring rod, a clamping box is fixed on the lower end face of the suction pump, a clamping cavity is arranged in the clamping box, the clamping cavity opens downward, th cavities are symmetrically arranged on the left and right end walls of the clamping box, a clamping block is arranged in the cavity, the clamping block is connected with the th cavity through a sixth spring, when the spring rod moves downward to clamp the air tube into the clamping cavity, the suction pump is started, and the air tube ventilates the air bag to expand the air bag.

7. The emergency protection device for kinds of elevators according to claim 4, wherein the third pulling rope is an elastic pulling rope.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of elevator protection equipment, in particular to elevator emergency protection devices.

Background

The elevator is vertical elevators powered by motors, is provided with a box-shaped nacelle, is used for fixed lifting equipment for carrying people or goods in a multistoried building and serving a regulated floor, has a plurality of accidents in recent years, mostly falls down to the ground urgently to cause serious casualties, brings great pains to people, has few safety protection means for the conventional elevator, and urgently needs elevator emergency protection devices to solve the problems and improves the invention aiming at the defects.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide elevator emergency protection devices, and the problems are overcome.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

an emergency protection device for elevator, including a working box and a working chamber in the working box, the bottom wall of the working chamber is fixedly provided with a slide rail, the slide rail is provided with a chute opening to the right, the slide rail is provided with a braking chamber communicated with the chute, the braking chamber is opened to the left, the chute is provided with an elevator box in a sliding manner, the elevator box is provided with an elevator chamber, the lower end surface of the elevator box is fixedly provided with a sensing box, the sensing box is provided with a sensing chamber, the sensing chamber is internally provided with a sliding plate in a sliding manner, the sliding plate is connected with the sensing chamber through a spring, the bottom of the working box is provided with an airbag chamber, the airbag chamber is provided with an airbag, the airbag is fixedly provided with an air tube, the air tube extends upwards into the working chamber, the left end wall of the working box is provided with a protection chamber, the left end surface of the protection chamber is fixedly provided with a second spring, the second spring is fixedly connected with a braking plate through a end, the upper end wall of the working box is provided with a sliding chamber, the sliding block is slidably provided with a top wall of the sliding wheel connected with a pulling rope, the winding wheel 7326, the ratchet wheel 36 is connected with the rotating shaft, the winding wheel on the front end surface of the ratchet wheel 3623, and the ratchet wheel on the rotating shaft, the ratchet wheel 36 side of the ratchet wheel is;

work as when the elevator case is out of order to descend with higher speed, the wind extrusion of decline production the sliding block, the sliding block upward movement makes the stay cord relaxs, stay cord relaxs the messenger the second spring resets with the braking plate pops out, the braking plate gets into in the braking chamber, with elevator case left side terminal surface butt reduces the speed that the elevator case descends, the reel reversal passes through the second stay cord is given elevator case ascending pulling force reduces the speed that the elevator case descends, through the trachea is given aerify in the gasbag, make the gasbag inflation reduces the power that produces when elevator case and working chamber bottom wall contact.

, including the second pivot in the working chamber, the second pivot rotate connect in the working chamber diapire, the bevel gear has set firmly on the working chamber, the working chamber diapire rotates and is equipped with and is located the third pivot on second pivot right side, the third pivot with the second pivot is connected through belt pulley transmission, the second pivot with third pivot up end has set firmly threaded sleeve, threaded sleeve female connection has the threaded rod, the end wall symmetry is equipped with the second spout around the work box, it is equipped with the slider to slide in the second spout, the relative terminal surface of slider with the threaded rod passes through dead lever fixed connection.

step by step, the elevator bottom is equipped with and is located the third spout of threaded rod upside, it is equipped with the second slider to slide in the third spout, second slider up end with the third spout passes through fourth spring coupling, works as when the elevator case descends with higher speed, the threaded rod upward movement extremely in the third spout, reduce the speed that the elevator case descends.

, a motor is fixedly arranged on the left top wall of the working cavity, an output rotating shaft is dynamically connected to the right end face of the motor, a second bevel gear is fixedly arranged on the output rotating shaft, a fourth rotating shaft located on the right side of the output rotating shaft is arranged on the rear wall of the working cavity in a rotating mode, a third bevel gear meshed with the second bevel gear is fixedly arranged on the fourth rotating shaft, the fourth rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft through a second belt pulley, a fourth sliding groove is arranged on the rear side of the top of the working box, an inductor is fixedly arranged on the left cavity wall of the fourth sliding groove, the inductor is in electrical signal connection with the motor, a third sliding block is slidably arranged in the fourth sliding groove, the third sliding block is connected with the fourth sliding groove through a fifth spring, the left end face of the third sliding block is connected with the lower end face of the sliding plate through a third pull rope, a sliding rod located on the right side of the ratchet wheel is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the third sliding block, a left end wall of the bottom of the sliding rod is fixedly provided with a pawl, and when the elevator box is weightlessness and accelerated, the elevator box is descended, the third pull rope is tensioned to enable the third sliding block.

, a fifth rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the rear cavity wall of the working cavity and is located on the lower side of the rotating shaft, the fifth rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft through a third belt pulley, a one-way bearing is fixedly arranged at the front end of the fifth rotating shaft, a fourth bevel gear is fixedly arranged on the outer end wall of the one-way bearing, and the fourth bevel gear is meshed with the bevel gear.

step by step, the bottom of the case is equipped with and is located the fifth spout of sensing case downside, the opening that makes progress of fifth spout, it is equipped with the spring rod to slide in the fifth spout, the spring rod upwards extends to in the work cavity, spring rod top left end face has set firmly and is located the suction pump of trachea upside, the terminal surface has set firmly the chucking case under the suction pump, be equipped with the chucking chamber in the chucking case, chucking chamber downwardly opening, chucking case left and right sides end wall symmetry is equipped with the cavity, it is equipped with the chucking piece to slide in the cavity, the chucking piece with the cavity passes through sixth spring coupling, works as the spring rod downstream makes the trachea card is gone into when in the chucking chamber, the suction pump starts, through the trachea to ventilate in the gasbag, make the gasbag inflation.

, the third pull cord is an elastic pull cord.

The elevator emergency falling protection device has the advantages that the protection device is designed aiming at elevator emergency falling, when the elevator is out of control and falls with acceleration, the pawl can be clamped into the ratchet wheel groove, the ratchet wheel can only rotate in one direction, the descending speed of the elevator cage is delayed, braking plates can be popped out from the side edge of the elevator shaft, the elevator cage is emergently braked through the friction force generated by the contact with the elevator cage, the falling speed is reduced, the bottom of the elevator shaft is also provided with the safety airbag and the mechanical braking device, relatively stable braking force is provided for the elevator cage, and passengers in the elevator cage are protected from danger when the falling elevator cage is emergently braked.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 6, wherein for the sake of convenience of description, the following orientation is defined as follows, i.e., the following up-down, left-right, front-back direction corresponds to the up-down, left-right, front-back direction in the projection relation of fig. 1 itself.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of elevator emergency protection devices of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure at A-A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure at B-B in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 2 at C;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 2 at D;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram at E in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated in reference to the following description of the drawings and examples, including but not limited to the following examples.

As shown in fig. 1-6, emergency protection devices for elevators, which includes a working box 10 and a working chamber 11 in the working box 10, a sliding rail 36 is fixedly disposed on a bottom wall of the working chamber 11, a rightward-opening sliding chute 37 is disposed in the sliding rail 36, a braking chamber 47 penetrating through the 0 sliding chute 37 is disposed in the sliding rail 36, the braking chamber 47 is opened leftward, an elevator box 46 is slidably disposed in the sliding chute 37, an elevator chamber 45 is disposed in the elevator box 46, a sensing box 44 is fixedly disposed on a lower end surface of the elevator box 46, a sensing chamber 40 is disposed in the sensing box 44, a sliding plate 41 is slidably disposed in the sensing chamber 40, the sliding plate 41 is connected to the sensing chamber 40 through a spring 42, a airbag chamber 52 is disposed at a bottom of the working box 10, an airbag 51 is disposed in the airbag chamber 52, an air tube 73 is fixedly disposed on the airbag 51, the air tube 73 extends upward into the working chamber 11, a protection chamber 12 is disposed on a left end wall of the working box 10, a second spring 15 is fixedly connected to a wire winding rope 19, a sliding block 20 is fixedly disposed on a front end surface of the working box 10, a rope winding wheel 13, a rotating shaft 19 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 19, a rotating shaft 19 is connected to a wire winding pulley 31, a rotating shaft 19 is disposed on the sliding wheel 23, a rope fixedly disposed on the sliding wheel 24, and a rotating shaft 49317, a rotating shaft 19 is connected to a rotating shaft 19, a rotating shaft 19 is connected to the sliding plate 19, a rotating shaft 19, and a rotating shaft 19;

when elevator case 46 is out of order to accelerate and descend, the wind extrusion of decline production sliding block 17, sliding block 17 upward movement makes stay cord 14 relaxes, stay cord 14 relaxes and makes second spring 15 resets and will brake plate 13 pops out, brake plate 13 gets into in the braking chamber 47, with elevator case 46 left end face butt reduces the speed that elevator case 46 descends, reel 30 reverses through second stay cord 19 gives elevator case 46 ascending pulling force reduces the speed that elevator case 46 descends, through trachea 73 gives aerify in the gasbag 51, make the gasbag 51 inflation reduces the power that produces when elevator case 46 contacts with working chamber 11 bottom wall.

Beneficially, the working chamber 11 includes a second rotating shaft 72, the second rotating shaft 72 is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the working chamber 11, an th bevel gear 71 is fixedly arranged on the working chamber 11, the bottom wall of the working chamber 11 is rotatably provided with a third rotating shaft 50 located on the right side of the second rotating shaft 72, the third rotating shaft 50 is in transmission connection with the second rotating shaft 72 through a th belt pulley 58, a threaded sleeve 60 is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the second rotating shaft 72 and the upper end face of the third rotating shaft 50, a threaded rod 59 is connected in the threaded sleeve 60, the front and rear end walls of the working chamber 10 are symmetrically provided with second sliding grooves 54, a th sliding block 55 is slidably arranged in the second sliding groove 54, and the opposite end face of the th sliding block 55 is fixedly connected with the threaded rod 59 through a.

Advantageously, the bottom of the elevator cage 46 is provided with a third sliding groove 83 located on the upper side of the threaded rod 59, a second sliding block 85 is slidably arranged in the third sliding groove 83, the upper end surface of the second sliding block 85 is connected with the third sliding groove 83 through a fourth spring 84, and when the elevator cage 46 descends in an accelerated manner, the threaded rod 59 moves upwards into the third sliding groove 83 to reduce the descending speed of the elevator cage 46.

Advantageously, a motor 16 is fixedly arranged on the left top wall of the working chamber 11, an output rotating shaft 35 is dynamically connected to the right end face of the motor 16, a second bevel gear 34 is fixedly arranged on the output rotating shaft 35, a fourth rotating shaft 33 positioned on the right side of the output rotating shaft 35 is rotatably arranged on the rear cavity wall of the working chamber 11, a third bevel gear 21 meshed with the second bevel gear 34 is fixedly arranged on the fourth rotating shaft 33, the fourth rotating shaft 33 and the rotating shaft 31 are in transmission connection through a second belt pulley 32, a fourth sliding chute 24 is arranged on the rear side of the top of the working chamber 10, a sensor 23 is fixedly arranged on the left cavity wall of the fourth sliding chute 24, the sensor 23 is in electrical signal connection with the motor 16, a third sliding block 25 is slidably arranged in the fourth sliding chute 24, the third sliding block 25 is connected with the fourth sliding chute 24 through a fifth spring 26, the left end face of the third sliding block 25 is connected with the lower end face of the sliding plate 41 through a third pull rope 22, a lower end face of the third sliding block 25 is fixedly arranged on the right side of the ratchet 29, a left end wall of the sliding block 27 is fixedly arranged on the bottom of the sliding rod 27, a pawl 46 is fixedly arranged on the left end wall of the sliding block, when the sliding block 46, the ratchet rope is in contact with the ratchet wheel, the third sliding block 23, the ratchet rope, the.

Advantageously, a fifth rotating shaft 57 is rotatably disposed on the rear cavity wall of the working cavity 11 and located on the lower side of the th rotating shaft 31, the fifth rotating shaft 57 is in transmission connection with the th rotating shaft 31 through a third belt pulley 53, a one-way bearing 67 is fixedly disposed at the front end of the fifth rotating shaft 57, a fourth bevel gear 68 is fixedly disposed on the outer end wall of the one-way bearing 67, and the fourth bevel gear 68 is meshed with the th bevel gear 71.

Beneficially, the bottom of the working box 10 is provided with a fifth sliding groove 81 located on the lower side of the sensing box 44, the fifth sliding groove 81 is opened upwards, a spring rod 48 is slidably arranged in the fifth sliding groove 81, the spring rod 48 extends upwards into the working cavity 11, a suction pump 49 located on the upper side of the air pipe 73 is fixedly arranged on the left end face of the top of the spring rod 48, a clamping box 74 is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the suction pump 49, a clamping cavity 77 is arranged in the clamping box 74, the clamping cavity 77 is opened downwards, -th cavities 76 are symmetrically arranged on the left end wall and the right end wall of the clamping box 74, a clamping block 78 is slidably arranged in the -th cavity 76, the clamping block 78 is connected with the -th cavity 76 through a sixth spring 75, when the spring rod 48 moves downwards to clamp the air pipe 73 into the clamping cavity 77, the suction pump 49 is started, and the air pipe 73 ventilates the air bag 51 to expand the air bag 51.

Advantageously, said third cord 22 is an elastic cord.

Sequence of mechanical actions of the whole device:

the initial state of the invention is that the seventh spring 82 is in a relaxed state, the air pipe 73 is not clamped in the clamping cavity 77, the suction pump 49 is not started, the fifth spring 26 is in a relaxed state, the th spring 42 is in a compressed state, the third pull rope 22 is in a relaxed state, the pawl 28 is not contacted with the ratchet wheel 29, the third spring 18 is in a relaxed state, the th pull rope 14 is in a tensioned state, the second spring 15 is in a compressed state, and the brake plate 13 is positioned in the protection cavity 12;

1. when an elevator failure causes an acceleration descent;

2. wind generated by accelerated descending presses the sliding block 17, the sliding block 17 is pressed to move upwards, the sliding block 17 moves upwards to press the third spring 18, the third spring 18 is pressed to release the th pull rope 14, the th pull rope 14 releases to reset the second spring 15, the second spring 15 resets to push out the brake plate 13 rightwards, the brake plate 13 is pushed into the brake cavity 47 to be in contact with the left end face of the elevator cage 46, upward friction forces are provided, and the descending speed of the elevator cage 46 is reduced;

3. the elevator cage 46 is weightlessly lowered to enable the sliding plate 41 to be weightless, the sliding plate 41 is weightless to enable the -th spring 42 to be reset, the -th spring 42 is reset to enable the third pull rope 22 to exceed the elastic coefficient and be tensioned downwards, the third pull rope 22 pulls the third sliding block 25 to move leftwards, the third sliding block 25 moves leftwards to drive the sliding rod 27 to move leftwards, the sliding rod 27 moves leftwards to drive the pawl 28 to move leftwards, the pawl 28 moves leftwards to be clamped into the ratchet wheel 29, the clockwise rotation of the ratchet wheel 29 is limited, and the descending speed of the elevator cage 46 is;

4. when the third sliding block 25 moves leftwards to be in contact with the inductor 23, the inductor 23 sends an electric signal to enable the motor 16 to start to rotate reversely, the motor 16 rotates to drive the output rotating shaft 35 to rotate, the output rotating shaft 35 rotates to drive the second bevel gear 34 to rotate, the second bevel gear 34 rotates to drive the third bevel gear 21 to rotate as the second bevel gear 34 is meshed with the third bevel gear 21, the third bevel gear 21 rotates to drive the fourth rotating shaft 33 to rotate, the fourth rotating shaft 33 is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft 31 through the second belt pulley 32, the fourth rotating shaft 33 rotates to drive the rotating shaft 31 to rotate, the rotating shaft 31 rotates to drive the wire winding wheel 30 to rotate, the wire winding wheel 30 rotates anticlockwise to retract the second pull rope 19, an upward acting force is applied to the elevator car 46 , and the descending speed of the elevator car 46 is reduced;

5. because the rotating shaft 31 is in transmission connection with the fifth rotating shaft 57 through the third belt pulley 53, the rotating shaft 31 rotates to drive the fifth rotating shaft 57 to rotate, the fifth rotating shaft 57 rotates to drive the bevel gear 71 to rotate, the bevel gear 71 rotates to drive the second rotating shaft 72 to rotate, because the second rotating shaft 72 is in transmission connection with the third rotating shaft 50 through the belt pulley 58, the second rotating shaft 72 rotates to drive the third rotating shaft 50 to rotate, the second rotating shaft 72 and the third rotating shaft 50 rotate to drive the threaded sleeve 60 to rotate, the threaded sleeve 60 rotates to drive the threaded rod 59 to move upwards under the action of the fixed rod 56, the threaded rod 59 moves upwards to be in contact with the lower end face of the second sliding block 85, and the descending speed of the elevator cage 46 is slowed down under the action of the fourth spring 84;

6. the elevator cage 46 moves downwards to drive the sensing box 44 to move downwards, when the sensing box 44 moves downwards to be in contact with the upper end face of the spring rod 48, the sensing box 44 moves downwards to drive the spring rod 48 to move downwards, the spring rod 48 moves downwards to drive the air suction pump 49 to move downwards, the air pipe 73 is clamped in the clamping cavity 77, and when the air pipe 73 is in contact with the upper cavity wall of the clamping cavity 77, the air suction pump 49 is started;

7. the suction pump 49 is started to ventilate the air bag 51 through the air pipe 73, and the air bag 51 is expanded to reduce the force generated when the cage 46 is in contact with the bottom wall of the working chamber 11.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.