urine detection electrochemical sensor, paper diaper and preparation method
阅读说明：本技术 一种尿液检测电化学传感器、纸尿裤及制备方法 (urine detection electrochemical sensor, paper diaper and preparation method ) 是由 刘剑 苏杭 鲁子鹏 于 2019-09-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本公开提供了一种尿液检测电化学传感器、纸尿裤及制备方法,包括基底层、反应层和覆盖层,所述基底层用于支撑反应层和覆盖层；所述反应层依次包括进样单元、隔离单元和电极单元,所述进样单元用于将尿液进行富集并通过隔离单元上的第一开口传递到电极单元,所述电极单元上固定有反应材料,用于实现尿液中一种或多种代谢物的检测；所述覆盖层用于包裹基底层和反应层,并通过覆盖层上的第二开口将尿液传递到进样单元；将失能人群(尤其是失能老人)尿液中物质的浓度转化为电信号,实现对尿液的定性或者定量检测,提高了检测结果的准确性,同时降低了检测成本,解决了失能人群的尿液检测难的问题。(The invention provides urine detection electrochemical sensors, a paper diaper and a preparation method thereof, wherein the paper diaper comprises a substrate layer, a reaction layer and a covering layer, the substrate layer is used for supporting the reaction layer and the covering layer, the reaction layer sequentially comprises a sample introduction unit, an isolation unit and an electrode unit, the sample introduction unit is used for enriching urine and transmitting the urine to the electrode unit through a opening in the isolation unit, a reaction material is fixed on the electrode unit and used for detecting or various metabolites in the urine, the covering layer is used for wrapping the substrate layer and the reaction layer and transmitting the urine to the sample introduction unit through a second opening in the covering layer, and the concentration of substances in the urine of disabled people (especially disabled elderly) is converted into an electric signal, so that the qualitative or quantitative detection of the urine is realized, the accuracy of a detection result is improved, the detection cost is reduced, and the problem that the urine of the disabled people is difficult to detect is solved.)
The urine detection electrochemical sensor is characterized by comprising a substrate layer, a reaction layer and a covering layer, wherein the substrate layer is used for supporting the reaction layer and the covering layer, the reaction layer sequentially comprises a sample introduction unit, an isolation unit and an electrode unit, the sample introduction unit is used for enriching urine and transmitting the urine to the electrode unit through a th opening in the isolation unit, a reaction material is fixed on the electrode unit and used for detecting or more metabolites in the urine, and the covering layer is used for wrapping the substrate layer and the reaction layer and transmitting the urine to the sample introduction unit through a second opening in the covering layer.
2. The urine detection electrochemical sensor according to claim 1, wherein the sample introduction unit has a sample introduction region in the middle thereof, and urine is transported from the sample introduction region to the end of each channel by siphoning through a plurality of channels;
and , the end of the channel is in a sector shape of 90-270 degrees.
3. The electrochemical urine detection sensor of claim 2, wherein the separation unit is a water-impermeable membrane having an th opening corresponding to the channel end of the sample introduction unit;
, the th opening has the same shape as the end of the channel.
4. The urine detection electrochemical sensor according to claim 2, wherein a cleavage bridge exists between each microfluidic channel of the sample introduction unit and the fan-shaped end of the channel, and after quantifying urine by , the cleavage bridge is cleaved to cut off the diffusion channel of urine;
or, the urine detection device comprises an th channel, a microcontroller, a second channel and a third channel which are parallel to each other, wherein the tail end of the second channel is connected with the fan-shaped tail end of the channel, the tail end of the third channel is connected with a water absorption area of the diaper, the head end of the th channel is connected with a sample injection area, the tail end of the th channel is provided with a magnetic contact wrapped by a waterproof material, the side of the third channel, which is far away from the second channel, is provided with a coil, a urine detection element is arranged between the head end and the tail end of the th channel, the microcontroller controls the magnitude and the direction of current in the coil according to the urine flow detected by the urine detection element, during detection, the tail end of the th channel is contacted with the head end of the second channel to form a detection channel, and when the urine flow is larger than a set value, the tail end of the ;
or, the urine detection device comprises a fourth channel, a fifth channel, a sixth channel and a seventh channel which are parallel to each other, wherein the tail end of the sixth channel is connected with the fan-shaped tail end of the channel, the tail end of the seventh channel is connected to the water absorption area of the diaper, the head ends of the fourth channel and the fifth channel are both connected with the sample injection area, the tail end of the fourth channel is arranged between the sixth channel and the seventh channel, the tail end of the fifth channel is connected with actuators which absorb water and expand, the diameter of the fifth channel is smaller than that of the fourth channel and the length of the fifth channel is larger than that of the fourth channel, during detection, the tail end of the fourth channel is in contact with the head end of the sixth channel to form a detection channel, the actuators are in contact with the bottom of the tail end of the fourth channel, and after detection, urine in the fifth channel reaches the actuators which absorbs water and expands, so that the tail end of the fourth channel is in contact with the seventh channel to.
5. The urine detection electrochemical sensor of claim 2, wherein the electrode unit comprises a working electrode, a reference electrode and a counter electrode, and the contact point of the working electrode is closely attached to the end of the sample introduction unit channel at through the th opening of the isolation unit;
, the number and shape of the working electrode contacts are the same as the tail end of the sample feeding unit channel;
further , the plurality of channels is six channels, each channel corresponding to working electrode contacts, each working electrode contact forming an electrochemical reaction cell with the reference electrode, the counter electrode, and the urine.
6. The urine sensing electrochemical sensor of claim 5 wherein the electrode unit further comprises a water delivery barrier, the working electrode is divided by a hydrophobic barrier into six regions, each region comprising working electrode contacts, forming six electrochemical reaction cells that multiplex the reference and counter electrodes.
7. The electrochemical sensor for detecting urine according to claim 5, wherein the head of the working electrode is modified with a sensitizer material;
, the sensitizing material comprises chitosan, nano gold/silver, carbon nano tube or or more of various enzymes with catalytic action.
8. The urine detection electrochemical sensor of claim 2 wherein the second opening is circular;
, the shape of the sample injection area in the middle of the sample injection unit is the same as that of the second opening, and the second opening is concentric with the sample injection area;
and , the area of the sample injection zone is larger than or equal to the area of the second opening.
A diaper of , comprising the electrochemical sensor for detecting urine of any one of claims 1-8 .
10, kinds of urine detection electrochemical sensor's preparation method, characterized by, the step is as follows:
cutting out a required electrode pattern on adhesive paper by using a cutting machine, adhering the electrode pattern to a base material, and preparing a required electrode by adopting a screen printing mode;
modifying the working electrode by using a modifying material, and fixing a reactant in the working electrode area;
placing the waterproof film of the isolation unit above the electrode unit, wherein the th opening on the isolation unit is arranged corresponding to the working electrode contact, and the tail end of the sample feeding channel of the sample feeding unit is arranged corresponding to the th opening of the isolation unit;
covering layers on the back of the substrate layer and the surface of the reaction layer, and reserving a hydrophilic packaging material with a second opening, wherein the second opening is arranged corresponding to the sample injection region of the sample injection unit;
and combining and packaging the components to obtain the electrochemical sensor for urine detection.
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of medical diagnosis devices, in particular to urine detection electrochemical sensors, a paper diaper and a preparation method.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The urine detection method is characterized in that a traditional hospital urine detection mode is adopted for disabled people of the old, paralyzed or semi-paralyzed patients needing long-term care, and is very inconvenient, so that the disabled people can not urinate consciously under many conditions, the actions are inconvenient, the urine taking is difficult, and efficient urine extraction and urine detection cannot be realized.
The inventor of the present disclosure found in research that the conventional urine detection method requires expensive analysis equipment and professional operators, and at the same time, the analysis time is long, and the freshness of urine is ensured, therefore, researchers made new attempts to detect human excreta by using a toilet, react with a reagent block in the toilet, detect data of a certain substance in urine, and compare the data with a normal data value, for example, CN 106759727 a and CN 109001446A are convenient ideas for normal people, but for disabled people, especially for the old who cannot get out of bed, the problem of inconvenience in using the toilet is present, and the method is not suitable for such people.
For example, in patent CN 106093026 a and patent CN 107714304 a, although the test strip is combined with the sensor, the traditional sampling and sample adding process is eliminated, but there is not little error in quantitative detection of components in urine by colorimetric method, no matter the camera of the smart phone or the cameras , imaging depends on illumination of the selected environment, and the difference of image processing method between the devices and the level of the photographer is often large in detection result difference, cameras cannot focus on a close color block due to too long focal length, which also becomes a big disadvantage of that restricts the method.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the disclosure provides urine detection electrochemical sensors, a paper diaper and a preparation method, which convert the concentration of substances in urine of disabled people (especially disabled old people) into an electric signal, realize qualitative or quantitative detection of urine, improve the accuracy of detection results, reduce the detection cost and solve the problem of difficulty in urine detection of the disabled people.
In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the disclosure:
, the present disclosure provides urine detection electrochemical sensors;
urine detection electrochemical sensor comprises a substrate layer, a reaction layer and a covering layer, wherein the substrate layer is used for supporting the reaction layer and the covering layer, the reaction layer sequentially comprises a sample introduction unit, an isolation unit and an electrode unit, the sample introduction unit is used for enriching urine and transmitting the urine to the electrode unit through a opening in the isolation unit, a reaction material is fixed on the electrode unit and used for detecting or a plurality of metabolites in the urine, and the covering layer is used for wrapping the substrate layer and the reaction layer and transmitting the urine to the sample introduction unit through a second opening in the covering layer.
As possible implementations, the substrate layer is or more of whatman filter paper, chromatography paper, nitrocellulose paper, office paper, Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).
As possible implementation manners, the reactive material is a material with high specificity and selectivity such as enzyme, antibody or antigen, and the reactive material has a characteristic of being less influenced by other substances.
, the reaction material can chemically react with one or more of urine protein, urine sugar, uric acid, urinary amine, ketone body, bilirubin, dopamine, nitrite, and of various drug metabolites in urine.
As possible implementation manners, the middle part of the sample introduction unit is a sample introduction area, and urine is conveyed from the sample introduction area to the tail end of each channel by siphoning action through a plurality of channels;
, the multiple channels are six channels;
, arranging the six channels around the sampling area, wherein the included angles between any two adjacent channels are the same;
, the tail end of the channel is in a sector shape of 90-270 degrees;
, the end of the channel is shaped as a 270 degree fan.
As possible implementation manners, the isolation unit is a water-tight membrane with a opening corresponding to the channel end of the sample introduction unit;
, the th opening has the same shape as the end of the channel.
As possible realization modes, a dissolving bridge exists between each microfluidic channel of the sample feeding unit and the fan-shaped tail end of the channel, and after the urine is quantified through , the dissolving bridge is dissolved to cut off the diffusion channel of the urine, and the function of the dissolving bridge is to avoid that the redundant urine influences the detection result after the reaction is completed.
As possible realization modes, the disposable diaper further comprises a channel, a microcontroller, a second channel and a third channel which are parallel to each other, wherein the tail end of the second channel is connected with the fan-shaped tail end of the channel, the tail end of the third channel is connected with the water absorption area of the diaper, the head end of the channel is connected with the sample injection area, the tail end of the channel is provided with a magnetic contact wrapped by a waterproof material, the side of the third channel, which is far away from the second channel, is provided with a coil, a urine detection element is arranged between the head end and the tail end of the channel, the microcontroller controls the magnitude and the direction of current in the coil according to the urine flow detected by the urine detection element, during detection, the tail end of the channel is contacted with the head end of the second channel to form a detection channel, and when the urine flow is larger than a set value, the tail end of the channel is contacted with the head end.
As possible implementation manners, the disposable diaper further comprises a fourth channel, a fifth channel, and a sixth channel and a seventh channel which are parallel to each other, wherein a terminal of the sixth channel is connected with a fan-shaped terminal of the channel, a terminal of the seventh channel is connected to a water absorption area of the diaper, head ends of the fourth channel and the fifth channel are both connected with the sample injection area, a terminal of the fourth channel is disposed between the sixth channel and the seventh channel, a terminal of the fifth channel is connected with actuators which expand by absorbing water, a diameter of the fifth channel is smaller than that of the fourth channel and a length of the fifth channel is larger than that of the fourth channel, during detection, the terminal of the fourth channel contacts with the head end of the sixth channel to form a detection channel, the actuator contacts with a bottom of the terminal of the fourth channel, and after detection, urine in the fifth channel reaches the actuator, the actuators expand by absorbing water, the terminal of the fourth channel contacts with the seventh channel to form a discharge channel, and surplus urine is discharged.
, the material of the said bridge is polyester fiber, nitrocellulose, glass fiber or their mixture.
As possible implementations, the electrode unit includes a working electrode, a reference electrode and a counter electrode, the contact of the working electrode is tightly attached to the end of the sample introduction unit channel at through the th opening of the isolation unit;
, the number and shape of the working electrode contacts are the same as the tail end of the sample feeding unit channel;
further , each working electrode contact forms an electrochemical reaction cell with the reference electrode, the counter electrode, and the urine.
As a limitation of step , the electrode unit further comprises a water delivery barrier, the working electrode is divided by the hydrophobic barrier into six regions, each region comprises working electrode contacts, forming six electrochemical reaction cells, the six electrochemical reaction cells multiplex a reference electrode and a counter electrode;
, the hydrophobic barriers separate the reaction cells from each other, so that the reactions can be carried out independently without cross-effects;
further , the hydrophobic barrier is formed by fixing a hydrophobic material such as wax or photoresist between the base layer and the electrodes using wax printing, wax screen printing or photolithography.
As a limitation of step , the working electrode, the reference electrode and the counter electrode are all prepared by adopting a screen printing mode;
, the working electrode, the reference electrode, and the counter electrode are all printed with carbon ink, and then the reference electrode is printed with silver/silver chloride ink.
As a limitation of step , the head of the working electrode is modified with a sensitizing material;
, the sensitizing material comprises chitosan, gold/silver nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, graphene or or more of various enzymes with catalytic action.
As possible implementations, the second opening is circular;
, the shape of the sample injection area in the middle of the sample injection unit is the same as that of the second opening, and the second opening is concentric with the sample injection area;
and , the area of the sample injection zone is larger than or equal to the area of the second opening.
In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides diapers comprising the urine detection electrochemical sensor described in the present disclosure.
In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for preparing urine detection electrochemical sensors, comprising the following steps:
cutting out a required electrode pattern on adhesive paper by using a cutting machine, adhering the electrode pattern to a base material, and preparing a required electrode by adopting a screen printing mode;
modifying the working electrode by using a modifying material, and fixing a reactant in the working electrode area;
placing the waterproof film of the isolation unit above the electrode unit, wherein the th opening on the isolation unit is arranged corresponding to the working electrode contact, and the tail end of the sample feeding channel of the sample feeding unit is arranged corresponding to the th opening of the isolation unit;
covering layers on the back of the substrate layer and the surface of the reaction layer, and reserving a hydrophilic packaging material with a second opening, wherein the second opening is arranged corresponding to the sample injection region of the sample injection unit;
and combining and packaging the components to obtain the electrochemical sensor for urine detection.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this disclosure is:
1. since paper is materials made of renewable resources and its porous, randomly arranged and connected fibers have significant advantages in absorbing and transporting liquid without external force, in the present disclosure, paper is used as a substrate of the sensor because paper is very easily available in daily life, thereby reducing production costs, liquid is easily transported on paper under siphon action, and at the same time, the hydrophobic barrier is very convenient to manufacture by printing electrodes on paper.
2. The urine detection electrochemical sensor provided by the disclosure is characterized in that the electrodes are manufactured in a screen printing mode, and can be produced in batch only by printing required electrode patterns, the working electrodes are modified by using or more of chitosan, nano gold/silver, carbon nano tubes and various enzymes with catalytic action, preferably, the carbon nano tubes are adopted, due to the characteristics of high strength, good mechanical property, good flexibility and ductility, strong conductivity, large specific surface area and the like of the carbon nano tubes, the electron transfer is more rapid, the sensor can obtain larger current when detecting components in urine, and the detection sensitivity and the detection range of the sensor are favorably improved.
3. According to the urine detection electrochemical sensor provided by the disclosure, the working electrode can be fixed with different reaction materials, and can be used for simultaneously detecting six items of urine protein, urine sugar, uric acid, urinary amine, ketone body, bilirubin, dopamine, nitrite and various drug metabolites in urine. Because the sensor has the characteristics of small volume and easy combination with the paper diaper, all detection can be completed by a small amount of urine. If more than six indexes are detected simultaneously, only a plurality of sensors are needed. For example, twelve items in urine, only two sensors are required. The six reaction tanks of the sensor are isolated by hydrophobic barriers, and the reactions between the six reaction tanks are independently carried out and do not influence each other.
4. According to the urine detection electrochemical sensor provided by the disclosure, the sample introduction unit of the reaction layer is made of hydrophilic materials, a soluble bridge is arranged between the micro-fluid transmission channel and the tail end, after quantitative urine passes through, the bridge is dissolved, the urine does not pass through the transmission channel and the electrode to form an electrochemical cell any more, and the reaction is stopped.
5. The urine detection electrochemical sensor provided by the present disclosure adopts the principle of electrochemical detection. The urine analysis device can perform qualitative or quantitative analysis on the components in the urine, and convert the concentration of each substance into an electric signal, so that the later-stage data processing is facilitated. Compared with a colorimetric method, the method has higher stability, does not need to utilize a smart phone or a camera to carry out photographing analysis on the image, and reduces errors caused by imaging difference among devices, the level of a photographer and ambient illumination.
6. According to the urine detection device, the channel selection structure is arranged, so that urine is allowed to enter the detection unit during detection, redundant urine is led out to the water absorption area of the paper diaper outside the sensor after detection is finished, the influence of the excessive urine entering the sensor on subsequent detection is avoided, and the urine detection precision is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochemical sensor for urine detection in embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective exploded view of an electrochemical sensor for urine detection in embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a reaction layer electrode unit in embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a reaction layer isolation unit structure in embodiment 1 of the disclosure
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a reaction layer sample injection unit in embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a covering layer of an electrochemical sensor for urine detection in example 1 of the present disclosure.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a sample injection unit cleavage bridge and a structure after cleavage in embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the channel selection mechanism in embodiment 2 of the present disclosure during detection.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram after the detection of the channel selection mechanism in embodiment 2 of the present disclosure is completed.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the channel selection mechanism in embodiment 3 of the present disclosure during detection.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram after the detection of the channel selection mechanism in embodiment 3 of the present disclosure is completed.
Fig. 12 is a flowchart of the operation of the channel selection mechanism in embodiment 3 of the present disclosure.
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth channel in embodiment 3 of the present disclosure.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view of an electrode printing process of an electrochemical sensor for urine detection in example 5 of the present disclosure.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view of the preparation of the hydrophobic barrier of the electrochemical sensor for urine detection in example 5 of the present disclosure.
Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a modification of a working electrode of an electrochemical sensor for detecting urine in example 5 of the present disclosure.
In the figure, the device comprises a base layer 1, a reaction layer 2, an electrode unit 21, a working
Detailed Description
It is noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure at unless otherwise indicated all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.