阅读说明：本技术 一种高耐磨活塞制备装置及方法 (High-wear-resistance piston preparation device and method ) 是由 丛茜 陈廷坤 张红 马博帅 高天宇 田为军 齐迎春 王晓俊 程雪晶 于 2019-10-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高耐磨活塞制备装置及方法,制备装置包括：下模具、上模具、中心轴、铸造模具和填充模具；下模具为顶部开口的圆柱筒体,且内部底壁中央开设有圆形沉孔；中心轴的底端插入圆形沉孔内；上模具可拆卸扣合在下模具的顶部开口处,上模具开设有注入口和冒口；铸造模具环绕下模具的内壁贴合布置,且顶部与上模具的底面连接；铸造模具表面为非光滑形态；填充模具为环形结构,且具有与铸造模具对应的填充口；填充模具可拆卸扣合在下模具的顶部。本发明相对于原活塞铸造工艺,通过在活塞表面不同位置镶嵌具有高耐磨性能的材料,改善活塞与缸套之间摩擦接触,提高活塞耐磨性能,延长活塞使用寿命,提高活塞的使用经济性。(The invention discloses a device and a method for preparing a high-wear-resistance piston, wherein the preparation device comprises the following components: the device comprises a lower die, an upper die, a central shaft, a casting die and a filling die; the lower die is a cylindrical barrel with an opening at the top, and a circular counter bore is formed in the center of the inner bottom wall; the bottom end of the central shaft is inserted into the circular counter bore; the upper die is detachably buckled at the opening at the top of the lower die and is provided with an injection port and a riser; the casting mould is arranged around the inner wall of the lower mould in a fitting manner, and the top of the casting mould is connected with the bottom surface of the upper mould; the surface of the casting mould is in a non-smooth shape; the filling mould is of an annular structure and is provided with a filling opening corresponding to the casting mould; the filling mould is detachably buckled at the top of the lower mould. Compared with the original piston casting process, the invention improves the frictional contact between the piston and the cylinder sleeve, improves the wear resistance of the piston, prolongs the service life of the piston and improves the use economy of the piston by embedding materials with high wear resistance at different positions on the surface of the piston.)

1. A high wear-resistant piston manufacturing device is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a lower die (1), an upper die (2), a central shaft (3), a casting die (4) and a filling die (5);

the lower die (1) is a cylindrical barrel with an opening at the top, and a circular counter bore (11) is formed in the center of the inner bottom wall;

the bottom end of the central shaft (3) is inserted into the circular counter bore (11);

the upper die (2) is detachably buckled at an opening at the top of the lower die (1), a through hole (21) for the top end of the central shaft (3) to pass through is formed in the center of the upper die, and the top surface of the upper die (2) is flush with the top surface of the central shaft (3); the upper die (2) is provided with an injection port (22) and a riser (23);

the casting mould (4) is arranged around the inner wall of the lower mould (1) in a fitting manner, and the top of the casting mould is connected with the bottom surface of the upper mould (2); the surface of the casting mould (4) is in a non-smooth shape;

the filling mould (5) is of an annular structure and is provided with a filling opening (51) corresponding to the casting mould (4); the filling mould (5) is detachably buckled at the top of the lower mould (1).

2. A highly wear-resistant piston manufacturing apparatus in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the upper mold (2) and the filling mold (5) are connected to the lower mold (1) by means of a plurality of positioning pins (6).

3. A highly wear-resistant piston manufacturing apparatus as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the casting mold (4) is composed of a plurality of elongated rectangular bodies, and the top ends thereof are fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the upper mold (2).

4. A piston manufacturing device with high wear resistance as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the casting mold (4) is of a spiral structure, and the spiral head at the top end is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the upper mold (2).

5. A highly wear-resistant piston preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the casting mold (4) consists of a plurality of parallel arranged ring-shaped elements, which are interconnected by vertical rods, the top ends of which are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the upper mold (2).

6. A highly wear-resistant piston manufacturing apparatus in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the filling mold (5) is a double-layer ring structure, and the filling opening (51) is located between the double-layer structure of the filling mold (5).

7. A method for manufacturing a highly wear-resistant piston using the highly wear-resistant piston manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:

s1, fixing the lower die (1), buckling the upper die (2) with the casting die (4) on the lower die (1), injecting a piston manufacturing liquid into a cavity of the lower die (1) through the injection port (22), and casting to form a piston base body (7) with a non-smooth shape;

s2, after the piston base body (7) is cooled and formed, detaching and taking out the upper die (2) with the casting die (4), buckling the filling die (5) on the lower die (1), and injecting wear-resistant filling liquid into a cavity formed by the casting die (4) on the piston base body (7) through the filling opening (51) to form a high-wear-resistant piston (8);

s3, cooling and forming the high-wear-resistance piston (8), disassembling the filling mold (5) and the central shaft (3), taking out the high-wear-resistance piston (8), and removing flash.

8. The method for manufacturing a high-wear-resistance piston according to claim 7, wherein the piston manufacturing fluid is polyurethane; the wear-resistant filling liquid is polyethylene or ultrahigh molecular polyethylene.

9. The method for manufacturing a high wear-resistant piston according to claim 7, wherein the upper mold (2) or the filling mold (5) is pressed by a positioning pin, a bolt, or an external force application method when being fastened with the lower mold (1).

10. The method for manufacturing a highly wear-resistant piston as claimed in claim 7, wherein in step S1, when the injection port (22) is filled with the piston manufacturing fluid, whether the cavity is filled with the piston manufacturing fluid is determined by whether the riser (23) is overflowed.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of piston manufacturing, in particular to a high-wear-resistance piston processing device made of multiple embedded non-metallic materials and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The piston is used as one of the core parts of a linear reciprocating mechanism of a civil drilling pump, a petroleum slurry pump and the like, and the working purpose is achieved through the reciprocating linear motion of the piston in a cylinder sleeve. However, due to the limitation of the use environment of the reciprocating linear structure, impurities such as sand, stones and the like are easy to exist in the friction pair interface between the piston and the cylinder sleeve, so that the piston is abnormally abraded, the continuity of a lubricating oil film of the friction pair is damaged, the piston abrasion is intensified, the service life of the piston is shortened, the replacement cycle of the piston is shortened, and the use cost is increased.

According to statistics, the piston consumption of the petroleum drilling industry in China is as high as ten million, and abrasion is the main reason for shortening the service cycle of the piston. How to improve the wear resistance of the piston, prolong the service life and reduce the use cost is always the pursuit goal of the field.

Therefore, how to provide a processing device for manufacturing a high-wear-resistance piston and a processing method thereof is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a device and a method for manufacturing a highly wear-resistant piston, which aim to solve the above technical problems.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a high wear-resistant piston manufacturing apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a lower die, an upper die, a central shaft, a casting die and a filling die;

the lower die is a cylindrical barrel with an opening at the top, and a circular counter bore is formed in the center of the inner bottom wall;

the bottom end of the central shaft is inserted into the circular counter bore;

the upper die is detachably buckled at an opening at the top of the lower die, a through hole for the top end of the central shaft to pass through is formed in the center of the upper die, and the top surface of the upper die is flush with the top surface of the central shaft; the upper die is provided with an injection port and a riser;

the casting mould is arranged around the inner wall of the lower mould in a fitting manner, and the top of the casting mould is connected with the bottom surface of the upper mould; the surface of the casting mould is in a non-smooth shape;

the filling mould is of an annular structure and is provided with a filling opening corresponding to the casting mould; the filling mold is detachably buckled at the top of the lower mold.

According to the technical scheme, the manufacturing device for the high-wear-resistance piston is characterized in that the casting mold and the filling mold are used for filling twice to form the piston with high-wear-resistance materials embedded in different positions on the surface of the piston, so that the frictional contact between the piston and a cylinder sleeve is improved, the wear resistance of the piston is improved, the service life of the piston is prolonged, and the use economy of the piston is improved; the preparation device provided by the invention has a simple principle, is convenient to implement, changes the structural form of the non-smooth casting mold, can be provided with high-wear-resistance materials at different positions on the surface of the piston, and is beneficial to enterprises to carry out batch production.

Preferably, in the above high wear-resistant piston manufacturing apparatus, the upper mold and the filling mold are connected to the lower mold through a plurality of positioning pins. The stability that mould, filling mould and bed die are connected can be improved, and convenient to detach and installation.

Preferably, in the above apparatus for manufacturing a highly wear-resistant piston, the casting mold is composed of a plurality of elongated rectangular bodies, and the top end of the casting mold is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the upper mold. Forming a longitudinally distributed high-wear-resistance piston structure.

Preferably, in the above apparatus for manufacturing a highly wear-resistant piston, the casting mold has a spiral structure, and a spiral head at a top end is fixedly connected to a bottom surface of the upper mold. Forming a spirally distributed high-wear-resistance piston structure.

Preferably, in the above apparatus for manufacturing a highly wear-resistant piston, the casting mold is composed of a plurality of annular members arranged in parallel, the plurality of annular members are connected to each other through a vertical rod, and the top end of the vertical rod is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the upper mold. And a transversely distributed high-wear-resistance piston structure is formed.

Preferably, in the above apparatus for manufacturing a highly wear-resistant piston, the filling mold has a double-layer ring structure, and the filling opening is located between the double-layer structure of the filling mold. The filling liquid can be prevented from overflowing at the time of filling.

A processing method of a high-wear-resistance piston comprises the following steps:

s1, fixing the lower die, buckling the upper die with the casting die on the lower die, injecting piston manufacturing liquid into a cavity of the lower die through the injection port, and casting to form a piston substrate with a non-smooth shape;

s2, after the piston base body is cooled and formed, detaching and taking out the upper die with the casting die, buckling the filling die on the lower die, and injecting wear-resistant filling liquid into a cavity formed by the casting die on the piston base body through the filling port to form a high-wear-resistant piston;

and S3, after the high-wear-resistance piston is cooled and formed, disassembling the filling mold and the central shaft, taking out the high-wear-resistance piston, and removing the flash.

Compared with the original piston casting process, the piston casting process has the advantages that the materials with high wear resistance are embedded in different positions on the surface of the piston, so that the frictional contact between the piston and the cylinder sleeve is improved, the wear resistance of the piston is improved, the service life of the piston is prolonged, and the use economy of the piston is improved.

Preferably, in the above method for processing a highly wear-resistant piston, the piston manufacturing fluid is polyurethane; the wear-resistant filling liquid is polyethylene or ultrahigh molecular polyethylene. The melting point of the polyurethane material is 170-190 ℃, so that polyethylene (the melting point is 92 ℃) and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (the melting point is 130-136 ℃) can be selected as high-wear-resistant substances.

Preferably, in the method for processing a highly wear-resistant piston, the upper mold or the filling mold is pressed by a positioning pin, a bolt, or an external force application means when the upper mold or the filling mold is engaged with the lower mold. The stability of the connection structure can be improved.

Preferably, in the above method for manufacturing a highly wear-resistant piston, when the piston manufacturing liquid is injected into the injection port, whether the cavity is filled with the liquid is determined by whether the riser overflows with the liquid. Can effectively monitor the liquid injection state.

It should be noted that the melting point of the wear-resistant filling fluid must be lower than the melting point of the piston manufacturing fluid.

The casting mould can have different structures, and high-wear-resistance materials are filled in different positions on the surface of the piston, such as longitudinal uniform distribution, transverse uniform distribution, spiral distribution and the like.

The upper die and the casting die can be of an integral structure or a split type structure, but need to be connected in a bolt, a limiting pin and the like in the using process.

According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention discloses and provides a device and a method for preparing a high-wear-resistance piston, and the device and the method have the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention provides a preparation device of a high-wear-resistance piston, which is characterized in that a casting mould and a filling mould are used for filling twice to form a piston with high-wear-resistance materials embedded at different positions on the surface of the piston, so that the frictional contact between the piston and a cylinder sleeve is improved, the wear resistance of the piston is improved, the service life of the piston is prolonged, and the use economy of the piston is improved; the preparation device provided by the invention has a simple principle, is convenient to implement, changes the structural form of the non-smooth casting mold, can be provided with high-wear-resistance materials at different positions on the surface of the piston, and is beneficial to enterprises to carry out batch production.

2. Compared with the original piston casting process, the invention improves the frictional contact between the piston and the cylinder sleeve, improves the wear resistance of the piston, prolongs the service life of the piston and improves the use economy of the piston by embedding materials with high wear resistance at different positions on the surface of the piston.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a piston casting apparatus having a non-smooth configuration according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the construction of the casting apparatus of the present invention for filling non-smooth shapes;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a lower mold according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an upper mold according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a filling mold according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a wear piston with a longitudinally uniform distribution of high wear resistant material in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a wear-resistant piston with uniformly distributed high-wear-resistant substances spirally arranged in the circumferential direction according to the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a wear-resistant piston provided by the invention and provided with high wear-resistant substances uniformly distributed in the transverse direction.

Wherein:

1-lower mould;

11-a circular counter bore;

2, mounting a mold;

21-a through hole;

22-injection port;

23-a riser;

3-central axis;

4-casting a mold;

5-filling the mold;

51-a fill port;

6-positioning pins;

7-a piston base;

8-high wear-resistant piston.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.