阅读说明：本技术 具有高通过性且防倾倒的电动两轮车辆 (Electric two-wheeled vehicle with high trafficability characteristic and anti-toppling function ) 是由 李鑫 崔月明 周大伟 于 2019-11-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：电动两轮车辆采用低重心设计,电池组放置于脚踏板下方,为保证车辆在行驶时的对地通过能力及停驶时或行驶时的防倾倒、防摔要求,脚踏板以下部位车架左右两侧至少设置各一个、或前后各两个具有提高车辆通过能力和防倾倒双重功能的边轮组件,车辆正常行驶时、边轮组件的最低处的离地高度介于75-135毫米,边轮组件采用L型,其竖直轴焊接在车架底部结构件处、其水平轴上配置有厚壁塑料管形套件、形成轴承的支撑功能、当车辆遇到的地面障碍物的高度大于(H1)时、厚壁塑料管形套件可以支撑车体通过；水平轴上的锥管形橡胶套件用于驻车触地,驻车时车辆倾斜角度不过大、车辆停车稳定、可靠、可以取消传统的边撑。(The electric two-wheeled vehicle adopts a low gravity center design, the battery pack is placed below the pedal plate, in order to ensure the ground passing capacity of the vehicle during running and the anti-toppling and anti-falling requirements during stopping or running, at least one or two front and back side wheel assemblies with double functions of improving the vehicle passing capacity and preventing toppling are arranged on the left side and the right side of the frame below the pedal plate, the ground clearance at the lowest part of each side wheel assembly is 75-135 mm when the vehicle runs normally, each side wheel assembly is L-shaped, the vertical shaft of each side wheel assembly is welded at the structural part at the bottom of the frame, the horizontal shaft of each side wheel assembly is provided with a thick-wall plastic tubular sleeve, the support function of the bearing is formed, and when the height of a ground obstacle encountered by the vehicle is greater than (H1), the thick-; the taper-tube-shaped rubber sleeve on the horizontal shaft is used for parking and touching the ground, the vehicle inclination angle is not too large during parking, the vehicle is parked stably and reliably, and the traditional side support can be cancelled.)

1. The electric two-wheeled vehicle is characterized in that at least one side wheel assembly with double functions of improving vehicle passing capacity and preventing toppling is arranged at the lower part of a pedal plate and the left side and the right side of a frame of the electric two-wheeled vehicle, when the vehicle normally runs perpendicular to the ground, the lowest ground clearance (H1) of the side wheel assembly is 75-135 mm, a thick-wall plastic tubular sleeve which is in clearance fit with the outer circle of a horizontal shaft is arranged on the horizontal shaft of the side wheel assembly to form a bearing function, the outer circle diameter of the thick-wall plastic tubular sleeve is the maximum outer diameter of each part on the horizontal shaft of the side wheel assembly, and when the height of a ground obstacle encountered by the vehicle is greater than (H1), the thick-wall plastic tubular sleeve can roll or slide on the surface of the ground obstacle and support the upper vehicle body to smoothly pass through; the horizontal shaft of the side wheel assembly is positioned outside the thick-wall plastic tubular sleeve, and is also coaxially provided with A conical tubular rubber sleeve which is in interference fit with the excircle of the horizontal shaft, the diameter of the largest excircle of the conical tubular rubber sleeve is 1-4 mm smaller than the outer diameter of the thick-wall plastic tubular sleeve, the inclination angle (alphA) of A vehicle body is controlled to be between 25 and 35 degrees when the vehicle stops, the cone angle of the conical tubular rubber sleeve is between (2 and alphA-10 degrees) and (2 and alphA), the width (W3) between the largest excircle end faces of the conical tubular rubber sleeve between the side wheel assemblies which are symmetrically arranged left and right is between 300 and 450 mm, the generatrix length (L2) of the conical tubular rubber sleeve contacted with the ground is between 10 and 50 mm, the hardness (HS-A) of the Shore tubular rubber sleeve is controlled to be between 50 and 85, and the conical tubular rubber sleeve has high static friction force with the ground, the whole vehicle is supported after being inclined, and the gravity center height (GH) of the whole vehicle is controlled to be smaller than (W3).

2. The electric two-wheeled vehicle with high trafficability and anti-tipping according to claim 1, wherein the electric two-wheeled vehicle uses a lithium ion battery pack as a power source, the battery pack being located under a foot pedal and above a side wheel assembly.

3. The electric two-wheeled vehicle with high passability and anti-tipping according to claim 1, wherein the shock-absorbing front fork of the electric two-wheeled vehicle is a light front fork having an independent shock absorber with steering guide function, the light front fork mainly comprises a front fork arm and an integrated fork shoulder, the front fork arm and the integrated fork shoulder are made of aluminum alloy and are positioned at the lower part of the front fork part and are connected with the axle of the front wheel, the independent inverted steel shock absorber is connected with the fork shoulder and has steering guide function, 2-4 limiting platforms parallel to the central axis of the steel piston cylinder are processed at the lower part of the steel piston cylinder of the inverted steel shock absorber, a limiting clamping seat with internal dimension coupled with the limiting platforms is connected at the bottom of the shock absorber, a group groove with a microscopic oil storage groove is pre-processed at the outer wall of the steering guide part at the lower part of the steel piston cylinder, grease or other lubricating grease is coated at the outer wall and the microscopic oil storage groove, the width of the slotline of the microscopic oil reservoir is between 0.05 and 0.15 mm, and the depth of the slotline is between 0.05 and 0.15 mm.

4. The electric two-wheeled vehicle with high trafficability and anti-toppling performance according to claim 1, wherein a front sprocket and a rear flywheel are mounted on a rear swing arm of the electric two-wheeled vehicle, and a tread between the front sprocket and the rear flywheel is kept relatively fixed.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of electric two-wheeled vehicles, and particularly relates to the field of two-wheeled electric bicycles, electric mopeds and electric motorcycles.

Background

The electric two-wheeled vehicle has the characteristics of economy and practicability, and the quantity of the electric two-wheeled vehicle kept in the current Chinese market is nearly 2.5 hundred million; when the electric two-wheeled vehicle runs, a hub direct current motor configured on a rear wheel or a middle-mounted motor is adopted to drive the rear wheel to drive the vehicle through a toothed belt or a chain wheel, the conventional electric two-wheeled vehicle has higher gravity center, and is easy to sideslip and fall vehicles and people when the electric two-wheeled vehicle runs on a rainy day and turns; when the electric two-wheeled vehicle stops, a rider is usually required to steer and push a parking column attached to a frame from a horizontal position to a vertical downward position by feet and support a vehicle body, and for the electric two-wheeled vehicle of a sharing type or a leasing type, users are generally inferior to the electric two-wheeled vehicle purchased by themselves in the loving degree, and the electric two-wheeled vehicle is unstable in parking or is easy to break because the rider does not use a pedal to reliably stand perpendicular to the road surface, namely, the electric two-wheeled vehicle immediately leaves; in addition, for female riders, the electric two-wheeled vehicle is heavier than the traditional bicycle, the mode of steering and parking by pedaling the parking column is more laborious and the action is not elegant enough, and the experience feeling is not good.

The design of the traditional electric two-wheeled vehicle adopts the design of two sets of shock absorbers at the front and the back, and particularly, the shock absorbers of the traditional front fork component adopt two steel hydraulic shock absorbers which are connected with a front wheel shaft and then connected with a steel fork shoulder at the middle part, so the weight is large and the cost is slightly higher; the front fork component is positioned at the front part of a vehicle, a direction post (front fork tube) at the upper end of the front fork component is connected with a handlebar, a fork shoulder and a direction post at the middle part of the front fork component are matched with a front guide tube and a plane bearing of a frame, a front fork arm at the lower part of the front fork component commonly adopts a left/right pair of shock absorbers, a piston rod at the upper part of the shock absorber is fixed on a triangular steel fork shoulder, and the direction post is connected above the fork shoulder; the front fork component is used as a steering and guiding system of a two-wheeled vehicle or a three-wheeled vehicle and also has the function of shock absorption, and the front fork component is basically made of steel mainly and has the defects of larger weight and higher cost; piston rods of two shock absorbers of a traditional front fork component are positioned near wheels, smooth piston rods are easy to be knocked and damaged by high-speed impact of foreign matters such as stones brought by tires, and dynamic sealing positions are easy to leak oil to cause shock absorption failure.

The invention provides the following invention contents and technical solutions in order to prevent an electric two-wheeled vehicle from side-slipping and falling, to stop the vehicle easily, reliably and effortlessly, to prevent the vehicle from falling and falling when the vehicle stops, to effectively ensure the ground passing capability when the vehicle normally runs, to reduce the weight of a shock-absorbing front fork component, to improve the service life of a front shock absorber and to improve the riding comfort.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention is comprehensively innovative and adopts the following technical design scheme: the electric two-wheeled vehicle adopts a low gravity center design, the lithium ion battery pack is mainly placed below the pedal, and the width of the pedal of the vehicle is widened to be more than 300 millimeters and less than 500 millimeters in order to improve riding comfort; in order to ensure the ground passing ability of the vehicle during driving and the anti-toppling and anti-falling performance requirements during stopping or driving, at least one, or two or three front and back edge wheel assemblies with double functions of improving the vehicle passing ability and preventing toppling are arranged at the positions below the pedals and on the left and right sides of the frame of the electric two-wheeled vehicle, in order to ensure that the inclination angle of the vehicle during parking is not overlarge and the vehicle is stable and reliable during parking, when the vehicle normally runs perpendicular to the ground, the ground clearance (H1) at the lowest position of the edge wheel assemblies is controlled to be 75-135 mm, the edge wheel assemblies adopt an L-shaped shape close to a 90-degree angle shape, a vertical shaft or a vertical connecting plate of the edge wheel assemblies is welded or screwed at the bottom structural part of the frame, and a horizontal shaft of the edge wheel assemblies is provided with a plastic tubular sleeve in a clearance fit mode with the excircle of a horizontal, The outer circle diameter of the thick-wall tubular sleeve forming the supporting function of the bearing is the maximum outer diameter of each part on the horizontal shaft of the side wheel assembly, and when the height of a ground obstacle encountered by the vehicle is greater than (H1), the thick-wall plastic tubular sleeve can rotate around the horizontal shaft on the surface of the ground obstacle or slide on the ground and support the upper vehicle body to smoothly pass through; the thick-wall plastic pipe fitting can be made of polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, polytetrafluoroethylene or several common economical and practical plastics or modified plastics, the plastics and the ground have lower sliding friction coefficient and rolling friction coefficient, the width of the thick-wall plastic pipe fitting is 25-80 mm, the wall thickness is 8-40 mm, the horizontal shaft of the side wheel assembly is made of a solid steel rod or a thick-wall steel pipe or an aluminum alloy material, steel or an aluminum alloy is adopted according to the strength requirement, and at least the vertical shaft or the plate of the L-shaft of the side wheel assembly is made of a steel or aluminum alloy material correspondingly.

The conical rubber tubular sleeve is arranged at the coaxial outer position of the thick-wall plastic tubular sleeve and on the horizontal shaft of the side wheel assembly, the maximum outer diameter of the conical rubber tubular sleeve is 1-4 mm smaller than the outer diameter of the thick-wall plastic tubular sleeve, so that the thick-wall plastic tubular sleeve can be used as a bearing to support a vehicle body to pass through an obstacle when the vehicle body normally holds the bottom, the conical rubber sleeve is not in contact with the ground, the inner diameter of the conical rubber sleeve is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the horizontal shaft by 0.2-0.8 mm, namely the conical rubber sleeve is tightly sleeved on the horizontal shaft and is in interference fit with the outer circle of the horizontal shaft; at least one side wheel assembly on the left side/right side of the frame after the vehicle stops running can protect the vehicle from falling to the ground after the main body of the vehicle inclines, the cone-shaped rubber sleeve on the side wheel assembly basically forms a special support in a 'line/plane' contact state with the ground after contacting to the ground and slightly deforming, the length (L2) of a bus between the cone-shaped rubber sleeve and the ground is 10-50 mm, the length of an excessively small cone bus is insufficient to provide static friction force, and the length of an excessively large cone bus easily causes the horizontal shaft of the side wheel assembly to bend under large bending moment; the inclination angle alpha of the vehicle body is controlled to be more than 25 degrees and less than 35 degrees when the vehicle stops running, more preferably, the inclination angle of the vehicle body is controlled to be between 25 and 30 degrees, the conical angle of the conical tubular rubber sleeve is between (2 & ltalpha & gt-10 degrees and (2 & ltalpha & gt), the width (W3) between the maximum excircle end surfaces of the conical tubular rubber sleeve between the left and right side wheel assemblies which are basically symmetrically arranged is between 300 and 450 millimeters, the width (W1) between the maximum outer edges of the side wheel assemblies is less than 500 millimeters, and the ground clearance of the lowest point of the side wheel assemblies is between 75 and 135 millimeters when the vehicle is positioned on the vertical ground by combination control, so that the side wheel assemblies can be prevented from interfering with the ground when the vehicle body slightly inclines within 25 degrees during riding in a corner; the design control of the gravity center height (GH) of the whole vehicle is smaller than (W3), so that the vehicle can be prevented from falling even if the vehicle inclines by 30-35 degrees; the Shore hardness (HS-A) of the taper-tube-shaped rubber sleeve is controlled to be 50-85, rubber can cause unstable parking if too low hardness is adopted, and the static friction force between the rubber sleeve and the ground can be insufficient due to too high hardness; when parking, two rubber tires on the front/rear wheels contact with the ground, and a generatrix of the conical tube-shaped rubber sleeve contacts with the ground, and the three parts are used as the support of the whole vehicle during parking and play a role of static support after the whole vehicle is inclined; the radial clearance between the outer diameter of the horizontal shaft and the inner diameter of the thick-wall plastic tubular sleeve sleeved on the horizontal shaft is set to be 0.2-0.8 mm, an undersized clearance is not beneficial to the rotation capability of the thick-wall plastic pipe, an oversized clearance can cause large collision impact between the plastic pipe and the steel core shaft when the plastic pipe meets ground obstacles, and 2-3O-shaped rubber rings are arranged at the position where the surface of the horizontal shaft contacts the thick-wall plastic tubular sleeve in order to reduce the impact; the Shore hardness HS-A of the taper-tube-shaped rubber sleeve is controlled to be 50-85, the main design basis is that the proper hardness is favorable for reliable contact of the side wheel and the ground, A certain static friction force is ensured, the too low hardness is not easy to ensure the deformation stability and the inclination angle of the body main body, and the too low deformation after the too high hardness contacts the ground is not easy to ensure the proper static friction force.

In order to ensure the reliable parking of the vehicle and prevent the vehicle from being moved randomly back and forth when the vehicle is blown by wind or the front wheel and the rear wheel are not in the same level, the hub motor of the electric two-wheeled vehicle is provided with a parking electromagnetic locking function when the vehicle stops, namely the motor and the vehicle can generate corresponding reverse electromagnetic locking force in the micro-moving direction.

In order to reduce the weight and the gravity height of the whole vehicle and prevent the vehicle from sideslipping, the electric two-wheeled vehicle of the invention adopts a wide and thick tire with the diameter of a wheel hub between 8 and 12 inches, the width of the tire between 80 and 120 and the thickness of the tire between 70 and 100, a battery pack is arranged below a pedal and above a side wheel assembly, the side wheel assembly at the lower part of the battery pack can slide or roll through when contacting a slightly higher ground obstacle, the bottom of the battery pack also has the protection function of preventing the vehicle bottom support from being damaged, and the battery pack adopts an iron system or ternary system lithium ion battery pack with high energy density as a power energy source.

In order to reduce the weight of the whole vehicle, the damping front fork of the electric two-wheeled vehicle adopts a light front fork with an independent middle damper with a steering guide function, and the rear rocker arm adopts a middle independent rear damper. The light front fork mainly comprises a front fork arm and an integrated fork shoulder which are arranged at the lower part of a front fork part and are made of single-arm or double-arm aluminum alloy connected with a wheel axle of a front wheel, and an independent inverted steel shock absorber with steering and guiding functions, wherein the independent inverted steel shock absorber is connected with the fork shoulder and basically arranged at the central part; the outer wall of the steering guide part at the lower part of the steel piston cylinder is pre-processed with a group groove of a microcosmic oil storage groove, grease or other lubricating grease is coated on the outer wall and the microcosmic oil storage groove, the width of the groove line of the microcosmic oil storage groove is 0.05-0.15 mm, the depth of the groove line is 0.05-0.15 mm, the piston rod can freely move up and down under the lubricating action of a lubricating medium kept by the oil storage groove, an anti-rotation dual clamping seat connected to the lower part of the outer cylinder of the shock absorber can drive the piston rod to synchronously rotate when a handlebar steers, and steering torque is effectively and synchronously transmitted to a front fork arm and a front wheel at.

In order to prevent the chain from falling off the chain wheel when the piston rod of the rear shock absorber drives the rear rocker arm to do up-and-down angular amplitude motion, the rear rocker arm is integrally provided with the front chain wheel, the rear flywheel and the rear wheel shaft, so that the wheel space between the front chain wheel and the rear flywheel can be kept relatively fixed without changing along with up-and-down swinging of the rocker arm, an automatic chain tensioner can be avoided, and the chain can be prevented from falling off the chain wheel when the rear shock absorber acts.

Figures and their description

Description of drawings fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the principle of an electric two-wheeled vehicle with high passing ability and anti-tipping according to the present invention, wherein 1 is the center of gravity of the entire vehicle, 2 is a battery pack, 3 is a frame, 4 is a vertical connecting plate or shaft of a side wheel assembly, 5 is a thick-walled plastic tubular sleeve of the side wheel assembly, W1 is the width between the outermost edges of the side wheel assembly, W2 is the width of the lower portion of the frame, and W3 is the width between the maximum outer circumferential end faces of the conical tubular rubber sleeve of the side wheel assembly. The side wheel assemblies can be arranged at the left side and the right side of the frame respectively in an amount of 1-3, and are basically arranged at equal intervals in the front-back direction, so that the passing capacity of the vehicle is improved.

Description figure 2 is a schematic structural principle diagram of the side wheel component of the electric two-wheeled vehicle with high trafficability and anti-tipping performance, wherein alpha is the inclination angle of the vehicle body, GHmax is the maximum height of the center of gravity of the whole vehicle, L1 is the distance between the center line of the vehicle body and the conical tubular rubber of the vehicle tilting side wheel component after touching the ground, L2 is the length of the conical generatrix after the conical tubular rubber touches the ground, H1 is the distance between the lowest point of the side wheel component and the ground when the vehicle is placed vertically to the ground, and 2 alpha is the conical angle of the conical tubular rubber sleeve.

Description figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the electric two-wheeled vehicle with high trafficability and anti-tipping of the invention passing through ground obstacles, wherein 1 is a handlebar, 2 is a front wheel, 3 is a battery pack, 4, 5 and 6 are side wheel assemblies arranged in front and back, 7 is a seat cushion, 8 is a rear rocker arm and 9 is a rear wheel.

The attached figure 4 in the specification is a traditional electric two-wheeled vehicle adopting a low-pedal-height design, when the minimum ground clearance of a frame is lower than the height of a ground obstacle, the vehicle is easy to drag, block, even fall, fall people and have poor vehicle passing capability.

Description of the drawings fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of an anti-toppling electric two-wheeled vehicle with high trafficability, in which 1 is a light front fork assembly having an independent shock absorber with steering guide function, 2 and 3 are widened pedals, and 4 is an independent middle rear shock absorber.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a rear rocker arm assembly of an anti-toppling electric two-wheeled vehicle with high trafficability, wherein 1 is a rear driving wheel with a flywheel, 2 is a chain or a synchronous belt, 3 is a sprocket mounting bracket, 4 is a pedal, and 5 is a part connected with a front frame.

Fig. 7 of the specification is a typical structural schematic diagram of a light front fork component of an anti-toppling electric two-wheeled vehicle with high trafficability, which adopts an independent inverted shock absorber, wherein 1 is an installation lock hole for fixing the upper part of the inverted shock absorber and a handlebar, 2 is a cylinder body of the inverted shock absorber, 3 is a plane bearing, 4 is a steel guide clamping seat with a matched limiting groove inside, 5 is a rubber dust cover, 6 is a special-shaped steel ring fixed below a steel piston cylinder, 7 is a lower installation seat at a fork shoulder, 8 is a light alloy front fork arm and an integrated fork shoulder, and 9 is a fastening nut.

The attached figure 8 in the specification is a schematic connection diagram of the inverted shock absorber and a light alloy fork shoulder, wherein 1 in the diagram is the lower part of a steel piston cylinder of the inverted shock absorber and is provided with a rotation limiting platform, 2 is a welding seam between a matched special-shaped steel ring for preventing rotation and sliding and the lower part of the steel piston cylinder, 3 is the matched special-shaped steel ring for preventing rotation and sliding, 4 is an anti-rotation boss matched with the special-shaped steel ring at the fork shoulder, 5 is a rubber gasket, 6 is a plastic gasket at the lower part, and 7 is a fastening nut.

Examples

The anti-toppling electric two-wheeled vehicle has high passing performance, the front tire and the rear tire are 10 aluminum alloy wheel hubs, the tires are 90/90 wide tires, the frame is mainly made of aluminum alloy, the height of A frame bottom frame from the ground is 170 mm, the width between the left side and the right side of the frame bottom frame is 230 mm, the battery pack is made of an iron lithium ion battery pack 36V/50Ah, the battery pack is positioned at the lower part of A pedal plate, the width of the pedal plate is 448 mm, 2 and 4 sets of side wheel assemblies are respectively adopted at the left side and the right side, the height of A thick-wall plastic pipe on A horizontal shaft of each side wheel assembly from the ground is 90 mm, the wall thickness of the thick-wall plastic is 20 mm and 35 mm, the conical angle of A conical pipe-shaped rubber sleeve is 50 degrees, the width W3 between the maximum circular end faces is 390 mm, the length; the front fork adopts an inverted independent front shock absorber, and the rear rocker arm adopts an independent central rear shock absorber.