阅读说明：本技术 一种冬荪菌的种植方法 (Planting method of edible fungus ) 是由 李家群 姚伟 于 2019-11-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本方案公开了食用菌种植领域的一种冬荪菌的种植方法,包括以下步骤：步骤一、培养基的制备：按照重量份数包括以下组分：木屑50～80份、竹屑20～30份、蚕粪5～10份,将上述原料混合均匀得到培育料,并淋水控制其湿度为60％～65％,再堆高后用薄膜覆盖后发酵45d～60d；步骤二、场地整畦；步骤三、铺料：将步骤一经过发酵的培育料平铺在畦地,平铺的厚度为30～35cm；步骤四、播种：将冬荪菌菌种按照1.2～1.5kg/㎡均匀播种于畦地,并在播种后的菌种上平铺1～2cm后的培育料,在覆盖4cm～7cm的碎料,再碎料上平铺一层1cm～2cm的稻草；步骤五、日常管理。本申请建立科学的种植方法,增加冬荪菌的产量。(The scheme discloses a planting method of winter fungus in the field of edible fungus planting, which comprises the following steps: step one, preparation of a culture medium: the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of wood chips, 20-30 parts of bamboo chips and 5-10 parts of silkworm excrement, uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain a culture material, spraying water to control the humidity to be 60-65%, stacking, covering with a film, and fermenting for 45-60 days; step two, field ridging; step three, paving materials: spreading the fermented cultivation material in the step on a furrow, wherein the spread thickness is 30-35 cm; step four, sowing: uniformly sowing fungus strains of dictyophora phalloidea in a ridge land according to the weight of 1.2-1.5 kg per square meter, spreading a cultivation material with the length of 1-2 cm on the sowed strains, covering crushed materials with the length of 4-7 cm, and spreading a layer of straw with the length of 1-2 cm on the crushed materials; and step five, daily management. The application establishes a scientific planting method to increase the yield of the dictyophora phalloidea.)

1. A planting method of fungus of winter fungus is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

step one, preparation of a culture medium: the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of wood chips, 20-30 parts of bamboo chips and 5-10 parts of silkworm excrement, uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain a culture material, spraying water to control the humidity to be 60-65%, stacking, covering with a film, and fermenting for 45-60 days;

step two, field ridge preparation: integrating the farmland according to the specification of 70-90 cm in width and 100-120 cm in height;

step three, paving materials: spreading the fermented cultivation material in the step on a furrow, wherein the spread thickness is 30-35 cm;

step four, sowing: uniformly sowing fungus strains of dictyophora phalloidea in a ridge land according to the weight of 1.2-1.5 kg per square meter, spreading a cultivation material with the length of 1-2 cm on the sowed strains, covering crushed materials with the length of 4-7 cm, and spreading a layer of straw with the length of 1-2 cm on the crushed materials;

step five, daily management: the growth temperature of the strains after sowing is controlled to be 13-28 ℃, and the water content is controlled to be 60-70%; in the fruiting stage, the temperature is controlled to be between 20 and 32 ℃, in the fruiting body forming period, the temperature is controlled to be between 20 and 24 ℃, the strain is broken, and the stipe is stretched to 6 to 7 centimeters to be harvested.

2. The planting method of the winter fungus strain according to claim 1, characterized in that: the film is a black plastic film.

3. The planting method of the winter fungus strain as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: and the thickness of the third step of tiling is 30 cm.

4. The planting method of the winter fungus strain as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: and step four, adopting normally developed spherical later-stage buds.

5. The planting method of the winter fungus strain according to claim 4, characterized in that: the diameter of the spherical late buds is 10-15 cm.

6. The planting method of the winter fungus strain as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: and in the step five, during the formation period of the entity, building a shade shed above the ridge land.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of edible fungus planting, in particular to a planting method of winter fungus.

Background

The fungus of edible fungus of winter fungus, also called bamboo fungus, have no Dictyophora Indusiata, it is a kind of rare domestic fungus, the taste is delicious, the mouthfeel is crisp, the fungus of winter fungus is a kind of excellent nutrition nourishment, the thallus is pure white, boil for a long time and not burnt, the taste is delicious, the mouthfeel is crisp, tender, tasty and refreshing, nutritious. The fruiting body of the edible fungus contains rich nutrient components, 21 amino acids, 8 amino acids which are necessary for human body account for 1/3 of total amino acids, wherein the content of glutamic acid is especially rich, accounts for more than 17% of the total amino acids, and is beyond the reach of vegetables and fruits, and the edible fungus is rich in active substances such as various vitamins, various trace elements, polysaccharide and the like. Meanwhile, the dictyophora phalloidea stipe can be used as a medicine, is sweet and light in property and warm in nature, has the effects of activating blood circulation to stop pain, dispelling wind and removing dampness, and is used for treating gout at the time of China. Therefore, the winter fungus has higher nutrition and health care value.

Because the number of people planting the dictyophora phalloidea is less, no scientific planting method exists at present, and the yield of the dictyophora phalloidea is influenced, the development of the industry of planting the dictyophora phalloidea strains is severely restricted.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a planting method of winter fungus, which improves the yield and quality and is beneficial to popularization and application.

In order to achieve the purpose, the planting method of the dictyophora phalloidea comprises the following steps:

step one, preparation of a culture medium: the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of wood chips, 20-30 parts of bamboo chips and 5-10 parts of silkworm excrement, uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain a culture material, spraying water to control the humidity to be 60-65%, stacking, covering with a film, and fermenting for 45-60 days;

step two, field ridge preparation: integrating the farmland according to the specification of 70-90 cm in width and 100-120 cm in height;

step three, paving materials: spreading the fermented cultivation material in the step on a furrow, wherein the spread thickness is 30-35 cm;

step four, sowing: uniformly sowing fungus strains of dictyophora phalloidea in a ridge land according to the weight of 1.2-1.5 kg per square meter, spreading a cultivation material with the length of 1-2 cm on the sowed strains, covering crushed materials with the length of 4-7 cm, and spreading a layer of straw with the length of 1-2 cm on the crushed materials;

step five, daily management: the growth temperature of the strains after sowing is controlled to be 13-28 ℃, and the water content is controlled to be 60-70%; in the fruiting stage, the temperature is controlled to be between 20 and 32 ℃, in the fruiting body forming period, the temperature is controlled to be between 20 and 24 ℃, the strain is broken, and the stipe is stretched to 6 to 7 centimeters to be harvested.

The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the scheme, the scientific planting method of the winter fungus is established, silkworm excrement is added into the culture material in the preparation stage of the culture medium, the culture material is fully nutritious due to the addition of the silkworm excrement, gaps among the culture material can be enlarged due to the granular silkworm excrement, so that when fermentation is carried out, air can conveniently enter the culture material, wood chips, bamboo chips and the silkworm excrement are fully fermented, nutrient substances flow out, in addition, in daily management, different growth temperatures are controlled in different growth periods of strains, fruiting of the strains is facilitated, and the yield of the strains is increased.

Further, the film is a black plastic film. By utilizing the characteristic of poor light transmittance of the black plastic film, the cultivation material can be fermented in a sufficient dark place, and the cultivation material can be sterilized at high temperature due to high temperature generated by fermentation.

Further, the thickness of the third tiling step is 30 cm. The thickness can not only meet the growth of strains, but also keep better ventilation and light transmittance.

Further, the fourth step adopts normally developed spherical later-stage buds. Such strains can improve yield.

Further, the diameter of the spherical late buds is 10-15 cm. The growth of the strain will be relatively rapid.

Further, during the formation period of the five entities, a shade shed is built above the ridge land. The sunshade can avoid direct sunlight, keep natural astigmatism and utilize the growth of strains.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments: