阅读说明：本技术 一种坚果仁加工系统 (Nut meat processing system ) 是由 耿树香 贺娜 宁德鲁 马婷 徐田 陈海云 于 2019-09-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种坚果仁加工系统,其包括依次连接的制冷单元、冷冻机构和去内皮机构和护色子系统；所述制冷单元用于将氮气制冷至设定温度；所述制冷单元制冷后获得的低温氮气经管路通入所述冷冻单元内,用于对坚果仁进行冷冻处理；所述去内皮机构用于利用高压水去除冷冻处理后的坚果仁内皮；所述护色子系统用于对脱去内皮的坚果仁进行护色处理。本发明中,坚果仁在输送过程中被高压水冲洗并去除内皮,去皮输送绞龙和去皮输送筒上均设置有高压水喷口,并且在输送过程中物料不断被翻动,从而有利于彻底去除坚果仁上的内皮,同时也有利于掉落的内皮被水冲走并排出去皮输送筒,去皮工艺效率和效果优异。(The invention provides a nut meat processing system, which comprises a refrigeration unit, a freezing mechanism, an inner skin removing mechanism and a color protection subsystem which are sequentially connected; the refrigerating unit is used for refrigerating the nitrogen to a set temperature; the low-temperature nitrogen obtained after the refrigeration of the refrigeration unit is introduced into the refrigeration unit through a pipeline and is used for carrying out refrigeration treatment on the nut kernels; the inner skin removing mechanism is used for removing the inner skins of the frozen nuts by using high-pressure water; the color protection subsystem is used for performing color protection treatment on the nut kernels with the inner skins removed. According to the invention, the nut kernels are washed by high-pressure water and the inner skins are removed in the conveying process, the high-pressure water nozzles are arranged on the peeling conveying auger and the peeling conveying cylinder, and the materials are continuously turned over in the conveying process, so that the inner skins on the nut kernels can be completely removed, meanwhile, the fallen inner skins can be washed away by the water and discharged out of the peeling conveying cylinder, and the peeling process efficiency and effect are excellent.)

1. A nut meat processing system comprising: the refrigeration unit, the freezing mechanism, the endothelium removing mechanism and the color protection subsystem are connected in sequence;

the refrigerating unit is used for refrigerating the nitrogen to a set temperature; the low-temperature nitrogen obtained after the refrigeration of the refrigeration unit is introduced into the refrigeration unit through a pipeline and is used for carrying out refrigeration treatment on the nut kernels; the inner skin removing mechanism is used for removing the inner skins of the frozen nuts by using high-pressure water; the color protection subsystem is used for carrying out color protection treatment on the nut kernels with the inner skins removed;

the inner skin removing mechanism comprises a peeling conveying cylinder and a peeling conveying auger; the peeling conveying cylinder comprises a feeding opening and a discharging opening; the feeding port of the peeling conveying cylinder is arranged below the discharge port of the freezing mechanism, is communicated with the discharge port of the freezing mechanism in a sealing manner, and is used for receiving nut kernel materials output from the freezing mechanism; the outer diameter of the peeling conveying auger is not more than two thirds of the inner diameter of the peeling conveying cylinder, and the peeling conveying auger is used for conveying materials from the feeding port to the discharging port and turning over the materials;

the peeling conveying auger comprises a peeling central shaft and a peeling conveying blade, and the peeling conveying blade is spirally wound on the peeling central shaft; a high-pressure water flow passage is axially arranged in the peeling central shaft, and a water inlet is arranged at one end of the peeling central shaft and is connected with a high-pressure water pump and a water tank through pipelines;

in the material conveying direction, the endothelium removing mechanism comprises an eluting endothelium part close to the feeding port;

in the washing and peeling part, a water conveying pipe is laid on the pushing working surface of the peeling conveying blade, the water conveying pipe is arranged along the radial direction of the peeling conveying auger on a projection plane vertical to the peeling central shaft, and a radial water conveying channel communicated with the high-pressure water flow channel is arranged in the water conveying pipe; the side wall of the water delivery pipe is provided with a plurality of high-pressure water spray holes communicated with the inside and the outside of the radial water delivery channel; and in the washing and peeling part, the side wall of the peeling and conveying cylinder is provided with a high-pressure water spray head; the high-pressure water spray heads are arranged along the conveying direction of the peeling conveying auger, are respectively arranged on the inner side wall of the peeling conveying cylinder and the side and the upper part of the peeling conveying auger on the cross section of the vertical peeling conveying auger, and are connected with the high-pressure water pump and the water tank through pipelines; high-pressure water is simultaneously injected into the peeling conveying cylinder through a high-pressure water spray hole and a high-pressure water spray head respectively to wash the nut meat materials, and the inner skins of the frozen nut meat are removed; the bottom of the peeling conveying auger of the peeling conveying cylinder is provided with a water outlet for draining water and discharging inner skin.

2. The nut meat processing system of claim 1 wherein said decorticating conveyor auger is eccentrically positioned at the bottom of said decorticating conveyor drum in a plane perpendicular to the projected plane of said decorticating conveyor auger.

3. The nut kernel processing system according to claim 1, wherein the peeling and conveying cylinder has a low inlet and a high outlet, or a high inlet and a low outlet, and the central axis of the peeling and conveying cylinder forms an angle of 1-10 ° with the horizontal plane.

4. The nut meat processing system of claim 1 wherein said de-endothelialization mechanism includes a dryer section remote from said feed inlet;

an axial gas flow passage is also arranged in the peeling central shaft along the axial direction, a gas inlet is arranged at one end of the peeling central shaft of the axial gas flow passage, and the gas inlet is connected with a drying gas pump through a gas path;

in the drying part, a vent pipe is laid on the pushing working surface of the peeling conveying blade, the vent pipe is arranged along the radial direction of the peeling conveying auger on a projection plane vertical to the peeling central shaft, and a radial gas conveying channel communicated with the axial gas flow channel is arranged in the vent pipe; the side wall of the vent pipe is provided with a plurality of gas nozzles communicated with the inside and the outside of the radial gas transmission channel; and in the drying part, a gas nozzle is arranged on the side wall of the peeling conveying cylinder; the plurality of gas nozzles are arranged along the conveying direction of the peeling conveying auger, are respectively arranged on the inner side wall of the peeling conveying cylinder and the side and the upper part of the peeling conveying auger on the cross section of the vertical peeling conveying auger, and are connected with the drying gas pump through a gas circuit; and simultaneously blowing dry gas into the peeling conveying cylinder through the gas nozzle and the gas nozzle respectively for drying the nut meat materials.

5. The nut meat processing system of claim 1 wherein said gas inlet is disposed at a first end of said peeling center shaft, said axial gas flow path extending medially from said first end and axially covering all of said rinsing peel portion;

the water inlet is arranged at the second end of the peeling central shaft, and the high-pressure water flow channel extends from the second end to the middle and covers the whole drying part in the axial direction.

6. The nut meat processing system of claim 1 wherein said decorticated transfer blades are densely populated with water permeable holes for facilitating the passage of water, gas and/or sloughed off endothelium.

7. The nut meat processing system of claim 1 wherein said peeling transport cylinder is further disposed at a transition between said rinsing peel section and said drying section; a plurality of plugging sheets made of elastic materials are arranged in the transition part; the plugging sheet is provided with a through hole coaxial with the peeling and conveying auger, the peeling and conveying auger passes through the through hole, and the inner diameter of the through hole is 2-10mm smaller than the outer diameter of the peeling and conveying auger.

8. The nut meat processing system of claim 1 wherein said color care subsystem comprises: the device comprises a color protection cylinder, an atomizing device, a first pump body, a second pump body and a first gas storage tank;

the first air storage tank comprises an inlet and an outlet, the inlet of the first air storage tank is communicated with the exhaust port of the freezing mechanism through a first pipeline, and nitrogen discharged from the freezing mechanism is temporarily stored in the first air storage tank through the inlet;

the color protection cylinder is vertically arranged, and a cylindrical conveying channel is arranged in the color protection cylinder;

a color protection conveying auger for conveying the nuts after the inner skins are removed is arranged in the conveying channel;

a plurality of air inlets are formed in the wall of the color protection cylinder;

one end of the first pump body is communicated with the first gas storage tank through a pipeline, and the other end of the first pump body is communicated with the gas inlet of the color protection cylinder through a gas transmission pipeline and is used for pumping nitrogen in the first gas storage tank into the color protection cylinder;

the temperature control unit is arranged on the gas transmission pipeline and used for heating or refrigerating nitrogen flowing through the gas transmission pipeline, and further controlling the temperature of the nitrogen pumped into the color protection cylinder within a set range of 0.1-10 ℃;

the atomizing device is characterized in that an atomizing port of the atomizing device is communicated with the gas transmission pipeline and is used for atomizing the color fixative and then spraying the atomized color fixative into the gas transmission pipeline, and the atomized color fixative is input into the color protection cylinder along with nitrogen through the gas inlet;

the color protection conveying auger comprises a central shaft body, an air exhaust channel is arranged in the central shaft body in a hollow mode, an air exhaust hole is formed in the side wall of the central shaft body, an air exhaust port is formed in one end of the air exhaust channel, and the air exhaust port is connected with a second pump body through an air exhaust pipeline; the second pump body sequentially pumps out the gas in the color protection cylinder through the pumping hole, the pumping channel and the exhaust port and is used for maintaining the pressure value in the conveying channel to be 0.01-0.05 MPa during working;

the plurality of air inlets are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the color protection cylinder; on the section perpendicular to the conveying channel, nitrogen carrying color fixative molecules moves along the radial direction of the color protection cylinder, and the color fixative molecules settle down after contacting the nut kernels and attach to the surfaces of the nut kernels.

9. The nut meat processing system of claim 1 wherein said first pipeline is provided with a filtration means for filtering nitrogen;

and/or, further comprising a recovery unit for recovering the color fixative and nitrogen; the upper end of the air pumping channel in the central shaft body is closed, and the lower end of the air pumping channel is provided with the air outlet; the exhaust port is communicated with the second pump body and the recovery unit through a pipeline in sequence;

and/or the nitrogen supplementing system is used for supplementing and conveying nitrogen to the refrigerating unit and comprises a third air storage tank, a supplementing pipeline and a control valve body; the third gas storage tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the refrigeration unit through a supplement pipeline, and the control valve body is arranged on the supplement pipeline. The control valve is preferably a pilot control valve, and when the pressure value of the air inlet end of the refrigeration unit is lower than a set value, the control valve is opened to supplement nitrogen to the refrigeration unit;

and/or the temperature control unit comprises a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger comprises a low-temperature pipeline as one part of the middle of the gas transmission pipeline and a high-temperature pipeline as one part of the middle of the second pipeline, and the low-temperature pipeline and the high-temperature pipeline are tightly attached to each other and wound for realizing heat exchange of two nitrogen flows through the low-temperature pipeline and the high-temperature pipeline.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of nut processing such as walnuts, hazelnuts or pine nuts, and particularly relates to a nut processing system for removing the inner skin of walnut kernels and performing color protection treatment.

Background

At present, the high-pressure water washing process is mostly adopted in the existing process for removing the endothelium such as walnut kernels, and the washing devices in the prior art are mostly independently arranged, so that the production efficiency is low, the assembly line type mass production operation cannot be completed, and the endothelium residual rate is low.

The walnut kernel after the endothelium removing treatment is usually required to be transported to the next place to be dried, color-protecting and other procedures, the walnut kernel is required to be transported for a plurality of times in the middle, the whole process is time-consuming and labor-consuming, meanwhile, the walnut kernel is easily polluted in the middle link, and the food safety of walnut kernel processing is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to provide a nut meat processing system to solve at least one of the above technical problems in the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a nut meat processing system, which comprises: the refrigeration unit, the freezing mechanism, the endothelium removing mechanism and the color protection subsystem are connected in sequence;

the refrigerating unit is used for refrigerating the nitrogen to a set temperature (generally minus 15-30 ℃); the low-temperature nitrogen obtained after the refrigeration of the refrigeration unit is introduced into the refrigeration unit through a pipeline and is used for carrying out refrigeration treatment on the nut kernels; the inner skin removing mechanism is used for removing the inner skins of the frozen nuts by using high-pressure water; the color protection subsystem is used for carrying out color protection treatment on the nut kernels with the inner skins removed;

the endothelium removing mechanism comprises a peeling conveying cylinder and a peeling conveying auger (or called conveying turning auger); the peeling conveying cylinder comprises a feeding opening and a discharging opening; the feeding port of the peeling conveying cylinder is arranged below the discharge port of the freezing mechanism, is communicated with the discharge port of the freezing mechanism in a sealing manner, and is used for receiving nut kernel materials output from the freezing mechanism; the outer diameter of the peeling conveying auger is not more than two thirds of the inner diameter of the peeling conveying cylinder, and the peeling conveying auger is used for conveying materials from the feeding port to the discharging port and turning over the materials;

the peeling conveying auger comprises a peeling central shaft and a peeling conveying blade, and the peeling conveying blade is spirally wound on the peeling central shaft; a high-pressure water flow passage is axially arranged in the peeling central shaft, and a water inlet is arranged at one end of the peeling central shaft and is connected with a high-pressure water pump and a water tank through pipelines;

in the material conveying direction, the endothelium removing mechanism comprises an eluting endothelium part close to the feeding port;

in the washing and peeling part, a water conveying pipe is laid on the pushing working surface of the peeling conveying blade (or called washing and peeling part of the peeling conveying blade), the water conveying pipe is arranged along the radial direction of the peeling conveying auger on a projection plane vertical to the peeling central shaft, and a radial water conveying channel communicated with the high-pressure water flow channel is arranged in the water conveying pipe; the side wall of the water delivery pipe is provided with a plurality of high-pressure water spray holes communicated with the inside and the outside of the radial water delivery channel; and in the washing and peeling part, a high-pressure water spray head is arranged on the side wall of the peeling conveying cylinder (or called washing and peeling part of the peeling conveying cylinder); the high-pressure water spray heads are arranged along the conveying direction of the peeling conveying auger, are respectively arranged on the inner side wall of the peeling conveying cylinder and the side and the upper part of the peeling conveying auger on the cross section of the vertical peeling conveying auger, and are connected with the high-pressure water pump and the water tank through pipelines; high-pressure water is simultaneously injected into the peeling conveying cylinder through a high-pressure water spray hole and a high-pressure water spray head respectively to wash the nut meat materials, and the inner skins of the frozen nut meat are removed; the bottom of the peeling conveying auger of the peeling conveying cylinder is provided with a water outlet for draining water and discharging inner skin.

According to the invention, the nut kernels are washed by high-pressure water and the inner skins are removed in the conveying process, the high-pressure water nozzles are arranged on the peeling conveying auger and the peeling conveying cylinder, and the materials are continuously turned over in the conveying process, so that the inner skins on the nut kernels can be completely removed, meanwhile, the fallen inner skins can be washed away by the water and discharged out of the peeling conveying cylinder, and the peeling process efficiency and effect are excellent.

Furthermore, in the projection plane perpendicular to the peeling and conveying auger (or the central axis thereof), the peeling and conveying auger is eccentrically arranged at the bottom of the peeling and conveying cylinder. Namely, the outer diameter of the peeling conveying auger needs to be close to or contact with the inner bottom surface of the peeling conveying cylinder, so that the materials can be smoothly conveyed.

Further, the feeding opening of the peeling conveying cylinder is low, the discharging opening is high, or the feeding opening is high, the discharging opening is low, and the included angle between the central axis of the peeling conveying cylinder and the horizontal plane is 1-10 degrees.

The peeling conveying cylinder is obliquely arranged, water liquid in the cylinder flows downwards, so that the peeled inner skin is conveniently flushed away downwards and discharged from the water outlet, the peeling walnut kernel is cleaner, and impurities such as the inner skin are less.

Further, the de-endothelialization mechanism comprises a drying part far away from the feeding port;

an axial gas flow passage is further axially arranged in the peeling central shaft, one end of the peeling central shaft of the axial gas flow passage is provided with a gas inlet, and the gas inlet is connected with a drying gas pump (serving as a gas source) through a gas circuit (the gas circuit is provided with a heating module for heating the gas flow in the gas circuit, wherein the heating module is in the prior art, such as a ceramic heating sheet, an electric heating wire and the like);

in the drying part, a vent pipe is laid on the pushing working surface of the peeling conveying blade (or called the drying part of the peeling conveying blade), the vent pipe is arranged along the radial direction of the peeling conveying auger on a projection plane vertical to the peeling central shaft, and a radial gas transmission channel communicated with the axial gas flow channel is arranged in the vent pipe; the side wall of the vent pipe is provided with a plurality of gas nozzles communicated with the inside and the outside of the radial gas transmission channel; and in the drying part, a gas nozzle is arranged on the side wall of the peeling conveying cylinder (or called the drying part of the peeling conveying cylinder); the plurality of gas nozzles are arranged along the conveying direction of the peeling conveying auger, are respectively arranged on the inner side wall of the peeling conveying cylinder and the side and the upper part of the peeling conveying auger on the cross section of the vertical peeling conveying auger, and are connected with the drying gas pump through a gas circuit; and simultaneously blowing dry gas into the peeling conveying cylinder through the gas nozzle and the gas nozzle respectively for drying the nut meat materials.

Further, the gas inlet is arranged at a first end of the peeling central shaft, the axial gas flow channel extends from the first end to the middle and covers the whole of the peeling part in the axial direction;

the water inlet is arranged at the second end of the peeling central shaft, and the high-pressure water flow channel extends from the second end to the middle and covers the whole drying part in the axial direction.

Furthermore, the peeling and conveying blade is densely provided with water-permeable holes for facilitating the water, gas and/or fallen endothelium to pass through.

Further, the peeling conveying cylinder is also arranged at a transition part between the peeling flushing part and the drying part; a plurality of plugging sheets made of elastic materials are arranged in the transition part; the plugging sheet is provided with a through hole coaxial with the peeling and conveying auger, the peeling and conveying auger passes through the through hole, and the inner diameter of the through hole is 2-10mm smaller than the outer diameter of the peeling and conveying auger.

The endothelium removing mechanism disclosed by the invention has a more compact structure, and can be used for carrying out air drying treatment immediately after peeling is finished, so that the walnut kernels are prevented from being surrounded by water liquid for a long time, namely, the walnut kernels are blown off by high-pressure air before the water liquid is immersed into the kernels, and the original components of the walnut kernels are prevented from being damaged. Compared with the prior art, the energy consumption of the whole production process is lower, the efficiency is higher, and the processing equipment belongs to green and energy-saving processing equipment.

Further, the freezing mechanism comprises a freezing conveying cylinder and a freezing conveying auger;

the feed inlet of the freezing conveying cylinder is high, the discharge outlet of the freezing conveying cylinder is low, and the freezing conveying cylinder and the horizontal plane are arranged at an angle of 5-45 degrees; the freezing conveying auger is arranged in the freezing conveying cylinder and is driven by the driving motor to rotate so as to convey walnut kernel materials from a feeding hole to a discharging hole of the freezing conveying cylinder;

freezing auger of carrying includes: the freezing center shaft and the freezing conveying blade are spirally wound on the freezing center shaft; a central gas transmission channel is arranged in the freezing central shaft, a gas inlet is arranged at one end of the freezing central shaft of the central gas transmission channel, the gas inlet is sequentially connected with a freezing gas pump and a nitrogen source (such as a gas storage tank and the like) through a refrigeration pipeline, and a refrigeration unit is arranged on the refrigeration pipeline and used for refrigerating nitrogen in the refrigeration pipeline;

in the conveying direction, the freezing conveying cylinder and the freezing conveying auger comprise a first transition conveying section, a freezing section and a second transition conveying section which are arranged in sequence;

on the first transition conveying section and the second transition conveying section, a plurality of annular rings made of elastic materials (such as rubber, silica gel and the like) are arranged in the freezing conveying cylinder, the outer circular surface of each annular ring is fixedly connected with the inner side cylinder wall of the freezing conveying cylinder in a sealing manner, and the annular rings are arranged in a protruding manner towards the central axis direction of the freezing conveying cylinder;

on the freezing section, a gas conveying pipe is laid on the pushing working surface of a freezing conveying blade (or called freezing section of the freezing conveying blade) of the freezing conveying auger, the gas conveying pipe is arranged along the radial direction of the freezing conveying auger on a projection plane vertical to a freezing central shaft, and a radial gas conveying channel communicated with the central gas conveying channel is arranged in the gas conveying pipe; the gas transmission pipe is provided with a plurality of gas transmission holes communicated with the inside and the outside of the radial gas transmission channel; the refrigerated nitrogen is sequentially input into the freezing conveying cylinder through the central gas transmission channel, the radial gas transmission channel and the gas transmission hole and is used for freezing the conveyed material; on the freezing section, a plurality of exhaust holes are formed in the wall of the freezing conveying cylinder and are connected with a first vacuum pump through an exhaust pipeline; the first vacuum pump is used for pumping out nitrogen in the freezing conveying cylinder when working, and meanwhile tends to maintain the negative pressure environment of the freezing section of the freezing conveying cylinder (for example, the negative pressure state of 0.01-0.09 MPa is kept, the purpose of the first vacuum pump is to recover nitrogen to the maximum extent and avoid nitrogen leakage);

furthermore, in the freezing section and in the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the freezing conveying auger, a plurality of gas transmission pipes are uniformly distributed at intervals, namely the gas transmission pipes are regularly distributed at equal intervals or at equal intervals and angles, so that the uniform distribution of the frozen nitrogen on the freezing section is ensured as far as possible.

The freezing conveying blades are provided with the gas conveying pipes, the walnut kernels are frozen by using low-temperature nitrogen, various defects of ice water soaking are avoided, the freezing time is shorter, the walnut kernels can be quickly frozen, and the freezing treatment depth of the walnut kernels can be controlled by controlling the length of the freezing conveying cylinder and the conveying speed of the walnut kernels.

In addition, the gas delivery pipe is laid on the conveying blades, so that the frozen nitrogen can be directly introduced into the conveyed materials, and meanwhile, the conveying blades are continuously turned in the conveying process, so that the freezing treatment effect is more uniform, the efficiency is higher.

The ring is used for reducing the cross section area of a conveying channel of the freezing conveying cylinder, and the inner diameter of the ring is 1-20mm smaller than the outer diameter of the freezing conveying auger; the ring rings are matched with conveyed materials in the conveying process to form a dynamic semi-sealing structure, and the dynamic semi-sealing structure is matched with the negative pressure environment of the freezing section to effectively avoid the overflow of freezing gas of the freezing section.

Wherein, the refrigeration unit can be prior art, for example it includes the body, this internal runner that is equipped with nitrogen gas and passes through that is provided with the refrigeration module in the runner. More preferably, the refrigeration unit comprises a control module, a temperature sensor and the like, so that the precise control of the refrigeration temperature is realized.

Furthermore, in the freezing section, air holes for facilitating the passage of air are densely distributed on the freezing conveying blades; and the freezing conveying blade is not provided with the air holes in the first transition conveying section and the second transition conveying section.

Furthermore, on the freezing section, an annular interlayer is arranged on the wall of the freezing conveying cylinder, and a cavity of the annular interlayer is communicated with a conveying channel in the freezing conveying cylinder through the exhaust hole; and an air exhaust port is arranged on the outer side wall of the annular interlayer and is connected with the vacuum pump through the exhaust pipeline.

Further, a plurality of the pumping ports are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the freezing conveying cylinder; and on the freezing section, the pumping holes are uniformly distributed in the axial direction of the freezing conveying cylinder.

Further, the color protection subsystem includes: the device comprises a color protection cylinder, an atomizing device, a first pump body, a second pump body and a first gas storage tank;

the first air storage tank comprises an inlet and an outlet, the inlet of the first air storage tank is communicated with the exhaust port of the freezing mechanism through a first pipeline, and nitrogen discharged from the freezing mechanism is temporarily stored in the first air storage tank through the inlet;

the color protection cylinder is vertically arranged, and a cylindrical conveying channel is arranged in the color protection cylinder;

a color protection conveying auger for conveying the nuts after the inner skins are removed is arranged in the conveying channel;

a plurality of air inlets are formed in the wall of the color protection cylinder;

one end of the first pump body is communicated with the first gas storage tank through a pipeline, and the other end of the first pump body is communicated with the gas inlet of the color protection cylinder through a gas transmission pipeline and is used for pumping nitrogen in the first gas storage tank into the color protection cylinder;

the temperature control unit is arranged on the gas transmission pipeline and used for heating or refrigerating nitrogen flowing through the gas transmission pipeline, and further controlling the temperature of the nitrogen pumped into the color protection cylinder within a set range of 0.1-10 ℃;

the atomizing device is characterized in that an atomizing port of the atomizing device is communicated with the gas transmission pipeline and is used for atomizing the color fixative and then spraying the atomized color fixative into the gas transmission pipeline, and the atomized color fixative is input into the color protection cylinder along with nitrogen through the gas inlet;

the color protection conveying auger comprises a central shaft body, an air exhaust channel is arranged in the central shaft body in a hollow mode, an air exhaust hole is formed in the side wall of the central shaft body, an air exhaust port is formed in one end of the air exhaust channel, and the air exhaust port is connected with a second pump body through an air exhaust pipeline; the second pump body sequentially pumps out the gas in the color protection cylinder through the pumping hole, the pumping channel and the exhaust port and is used for maintaining the pressure value in the conveying channel to be 0.01-0.05 MPa during working;

the plurality of air inlets are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the color protection cylinder; on the section perpendicular to the conveying channel, nitrogen carrying color fixative molecules moves along the radial direction of the color protection cylinder, and the color fixative molecules settle down after contacting the nut kernels and attach to the surfaces of the nut kernels.

The freezing mechanism is compact in structure, low-temperature nitrogen is continuously utilized to pass through the freezing mechanism, so that the fast freezing treatment of the nut kernels is realized, compared with ice water soaking, the freezing temperature of the freezing treatment is controllable, the fluctuation is small, and the influence of the whole freezing treatment process on the water content of the nut kernels is small.

The color protection treatment is carried out on the nut kernels with the inner skins removed by the atomized color protection agent, the dosage of the color protection agent is small, the natural taste of the nut kernels is kept to the maximum extent, and the natural ingredients of the nut kernels are prevented from being damaged by excessive additives. Compared with the traditional mode of soaking and protecting color, the method greatly reduces the contact of the nut kernels and water liquid, the nut kernels after color protection treatment do not need to be dried, or the time of drying treatment is greatly shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.

And the nitrogen is used as a carrier, so that the effect of conveying the color fixative is achieved, the nut kernels in the color protection treatment process are completely wrapped by the nitrogen, the nut kernels are prevented from contacting with external air, and an aseptic color protection environment is created while the nut kernels are prevented from being oxidized.

The low-temperature nitrogen gas is temporarily stored in the first tank (the first tank is preferably provided with an insulating layer) through the first pipeline. Due to heat loss in the freezing process, although the temperature value of nitrogen in the first tank body is improved, the method is more suitable for performing low-temperature cooling on nut kernels during decoloring treatment, and therefore secondary utilization of low-temperature nitrogen energy is achieved.

The nitrogen is cooled or heated by the temperature control unit in the conveying process, and the temperature of the nitrogen is controlled to be not more than 5 ℃ (preferably 0.1-5 ℃), so that the process temperature of color protection treatment is effectively controlled, and the freshness of the nut kernels subjected to endothelium removal is maintained to the maximum extent.

And finally, the conveying channel is cylindrical, the plurality of air inlets are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the color protection cylinder, the nitrogen carries the color protection agent molecules to move along the radial direction of the color protection cylinder, so that an aggregation effect is formed, and the distribution of the color protection agent molecules in the radial direction of the color protection cylinder is more uniform. And the conveying channel is maintained in a negative pressure state of 0.01-0.05 MPa during work, so that the activity degree of the color fixative molecules is improved, the color fixative molecules in the color protection cylinder (in the conveying channel) are further uniformly distributed, and the nut kernels are colored more uniformly.

Further, a filtering device for filtering nitrogen is arranged on the first pipeline.

The temperature control unit may be a conventional one, for example, the temperature control unit includes a formulation module and a heating module.

Further, in the axial direction (conveying passage direction) of the color protection cylinder, the plurality of air inlets are uniformly arranged.

Furthermore, a feeding hole is formed in one end of the color protection cylinder of the conveying channel, a discharging hole is formed in the other end of the color protection cylinder, and the nuts axially move under the pushing of the color protection conveying auger.

The nut kernel moves along the axial direction, the color fixative moves along the radial direction of the color protection cylinder under the load of nitrogen, the paths of the nut kernel and the color protection cylinder are vertical, and the color fixative continuously settles under the action of self gravity, thereby greatly improving the attachment probability of the color fixative, namely improving the efficiency of the color protection treatment process.

Furthermore, on a projection cross section containing the central axis of the color protection cylinder, the air inlet is obliquely and downwards arranged, and nitrogen sprayed out from the air inlet is obliquely and downwards sprayed to the nut kernels on the color protection conveying auger.

Furthermore, the color protection conveying auger further comprises color protection spiral blades spirally wound around the central shaft body, and air holes are densely distributed in the spiral blades. The air holes are densely distributed, so that atomized color fixative molecules can contact the nut kernels from the lower part of the spiral blade through the air holes, and the nut kernels can be fully, thoroughly and uniformly subjected to color protection treatment.

Further, the color fixative is a mixed solution of edible citric acid and vitamin C. Wherein, the edible citric acid is preferably 0.3 percent by mass; the mass percentage of Vc is 0.5%.

Further, the temperature sensor is arranged at the air inlet and used for detecting the temperature value of the nitrogen blown out of the color protection cylinder.

Preferably, the system further comprises a controller (such as a cpu, a single chip microcomputer, etc.), wherein the controller is respectively connected to the temperature sensor and the temperature control unit, and can control the temperature control unit to operate according to a temperature value fed back by the temperature sensor, thereby forming a closed-loop feedback and control system.

Further, the atomization device is an ultrasonic atomization device. The elastic sheet is arranged in the solution of the color fixative.

Further, the device also comprises a recovery unit for recovering the color fixative and the nitrogen; the upper end of the air pumping channel in the central shaft body is closed, and the lower end of the air pumping channel is provided with the air outlet; and the exhaust port is communicated with the second pump body and the recovery unit sequentially through a pipeline.

Further, the recovery unit includes: and the tail end of a pipeline led out from the second pump body extends into the lower part of the liquid level of the recovered solution, a nitrogen recovery port is arranged above the liquid level of the recovered solution in the recovered container, and nitrogen filtered by the recovered solution is discharged through the nitrogen recovery port.

Further, the recovery container is a color fixative container, and the recovery solution is a color fixative solution; the bottom of the color fixative container is communicated with the atomizing device and is used for conveying the color fixative into the atomizing device; and the nitrogen recovery port is arranged above the toner container and communicated with a second gas storage tank through a second pipeline, and the second gas storage tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the refrigeration unit through a third pipeline. Thereby realizing the recycling of the nitrogen.

The system further comprises a nitrogen supplementing system, wherein the nitrogen supplementing system is used for supplementing and conveying nitrogen to the refrigerating unit and comprises a third air storage tank, a supplementing pipeline and a control valve body; the third gas storage tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the refrigeration unit through a supplement pipeline, and the control valve body is arranged on the supplement pipeline. The control valve is preferably a pilot control valve, and when the pressure value of the air inlet end of the refrigeration unit is lower than a set value (namely the pressure difference of the pilot end of the pilot control valve reaches a set threshold), the control valve is opened to supplement nitrogen to the refrigeration unit.

Wherein, the refrigeration unit can be prior art, for example it includes the body, this internal runner that is equipped with nitrogen gas and passes through that is provided with the refrigeration module in the runner. More preferably, the refrigeration unit comprises a control module, a temperature sensor and the like, so that the precise control of the refrigeration temperature is realized.

Furthermore, the temperature control unit comprises a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger comprises a low-temperature pipeline as a part of the middle of the gas transmission pipeline and a high-temperature pipeline as a part of the middle of the second pipeline, and the low-temperature pipeline and the high-temperature pipeline are tightly attached to each other and wound for realizing heat exchange of two nitrogen flows through the low-temperature pipeline and the high-temperature pipeline.

The nitrogen in the gas transmission pipeline is generally low in temperature and cannot meet the requirements of a color protection treatment process, the nitrogen recovered from the recovery container is high in temperature, after the nitrogen and the nitrogen exchange heat through the heat exchanger, the temperature reduction is more suitable for the requirements of the color protection process, extra refrigeration or heating treatment of the temperature control unit is reduced, the temperature reduction of the recovered nitrogen after the heat exchange treatment is reduced, the work of the refrigeration unit can be reduced, and therefore energy recovery and utilization in the whole process of removing endothelium and protecting color are achieved, and energy consumption is reduced to the greatest extent.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description in the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a de-endothelialization mechanism provided in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the inner washing and peeling part and the drying part of the de-endothelialization mechanism in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an axial view of the flush skin portion;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of EE of FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a freezing mechanism provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view AA in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view BB of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 at C;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 at D;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a freezing section of the freezing conveying cylinder and the freezing conveying auger in embodiment 2;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of the connection between the freezing means and the de-endothelialization means in example 2;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of a walnut kernel processing system in example 3;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a plurality of air inlets uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the color protection cylinder in embodiment 3.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to specific embodiments.