阅读说明：本技术 一种降低废旧黄杂铜中铁含量的方法 (Method for reducing iron content in waste brass ) 是由 杨东超 李志国 郎滨 黄腾 王成彦 刘伟 赵洪亮 汤亚钢 于 2019-08-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种降低废旧黄杂铜中铁含量的方法,首先对废旧黄杂铜进行熔炼,待完全熔化后,将熔体温度调整至950～980℃,加入特定组分的除铁剂并搅拌1～3分钟,再保温5～10分钟,形成铁的化合物,并且造渣上浮,之后将熔体升温至990～1030℃精炼、出炉及浇注铸锭。本发明方法的除铁效果好,除铁剂由KBF<Sub>4</Sub>和SiO<Sub>2</Sub>组成,其最佳重量比为1∶1,其以重量百分比计的占熔体得1～3.5％,可使熔体中的铁含量最大降低至0.01％左右,经本发明方法处理后,可以作为各个牌号的黄铜合金的生产原料使用,解决废旧黄杂铜的再生利用问题。(The invention discloses a method for reducing iron content in waste brass, which comprises the steps of firstly smelting the waste brass, adjusting the temperature of a melt to 950-980 ℃ after the waste brass is completely melted, adding a deironing agent with specific components, stirring for 1-3 minutes, preserving heat for 5-10 minutes to form an iron compound, slagging and floating, then heating the melt to 990-1030 ℃ for refining, discharging and casting ingots. The method has good iron removal effect, and the iron removal agent is KBF 4 And SiO 2 The optimal weight ratio of the components is 1: 1, the components account for 1-3.5% of the melt by weight percentage, the iron content in the melt can be maximally reduced to about 0.01%, and the components can be used as production raw materials of brass alloys of various brands after being treated by the method disclosed by the invention, so that the problem of recycling waste brass is solved.)

1. A method for reducing the iron content in waste brass is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) weighing a proper amount of waste brass, and adding the waste brass into a smelting furnace to smelt until the waste brass is completely melted;

(2) adjusting the temperature of the melt to 950-980 ℃, and adding a deironing agent into the middle lower part of the melt; adding iron-removing agent, stirring, holding temperature, heating, refining, discharging and casting ingot.

2. The method for reducing the iron content in the waste yellow impure copper according to claim 1, wherein the iron removing agent is KBF₄And SiO₂Composition of said KBF₄And SiO₂The mass ratio of the components is 1: 3-3: 1.

3. The method for reducing the iron content in the waste brass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of the iron-removing agent added is 1-3.5% of the weight of the melt.

4. The method for reducing the iron content in the waste brass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the iron remover is wrapped by copper foil and then added to the middle lower part of the melt.

5. The method for reducing the iron content in the waste brass as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, wherein KBF is₄And SiO₂The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 1: 1.

6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the solution is heated to 990 ℃ 1030 ℃ after adding the iron removing agent, stirring for 1-3min, keeping the temperature for 5-10 min.

7. The method for reducing the iron content in the waste brass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pretreatment of the waste brass before weighing in step 1): the waste brass is pre-sorted, then the pre-sorted waste brass is crushed into small pieces, and then the impurities in the waste brass are removed through magnetic separation, mechanical screening, gravity sorting and manual sorting.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of copper melt purification and waste copper recycling, and particularly relates to a method for reducing the iron content in waste brass with a good iron removal effect.

Background

China is the biggest copper processing material producing country, trade country and consumer country in the world at present, but China is in shortage of copper resources, and the contradiction between raw material supply and consumption demand is increasingly prominent. The regeneration performance of copper is good, compared with the raw copper, the scrap copper as the raw material has the advantages of energy conservation, environmental protection, economy and the like, so the scrap copper becomes an important raw material source of the copper industry. The industry of the reclaimed copper in China has been rapidly developed in recent years, and the yield of the reclaimed copper is rapidly increased. The main sources of the reclaimed copper are scrap copper-containing waste, waste materials generated in the production and machining processes of copper or copper alloy, copper slag, smoke dust generated in the smelting process and the like. After the scrap copper is recycled and disassembled, the copper scrap is strictly classified and then is recycled in a targeted manner. Wherein the high-grade pure copper material can be directly utilized and returned for reprocessing, and the copper waste material with lower purity can be used for producing regenerated refined copper or directly smelted into copper alloy for use. The waste brass is one of the waste brass with a large amount, the main elements are copper and zinc, if the purchased raw materials are used for simply recovering copper, the grade of the recovered copper is not high, and the zinc element is greatly wasted, so that the method for producing the brass alloy by directly utilizing the waste brass raw materials is the most economical and feasible method.

The waste brass has wide raw material sources and complex components, the elements Zn and Pb in the waste brass are beneficial elements of a free-cutting brass product, and a large amount of harmful elements such as Fe, Sn, Al, Si, Bi and the like exist, especially when the element Fe exists in a large amount, under the condition of not strict smelting, the harmful elements also exist in the regenerated brass in a large amount, and the comprehensive performance of the regenerated brass product is influenced.

At present, the melt iron removal technology developed in China is not abundant, ZL201410319817.5 discloses an iron removal agent for reducing the smelting preparation of free-cutting brass from scrap brass, and ZL201410319804.8 disclosesA process for removing iron from the easily-cut brass by smelting waste brass features that the main components of additive are CuZr, CuTi, CuP, sodium carbonate and potassium sulfate, and the metal Zr and Ti has lower density than Cu and can form compound with Fe at high temp, such as FeZr₃、FeZr₂、Fe₃Zr、Fe₂Zr、TiFe、TiFe₂The density of the compounds is lower than that of copper, part of the compounds can float upwards when the copper alloy melt is kept still at a high temperature, potassium sulfate and sodium carbonate are added, the floating iron element compounds and oxides can be effectively dissolved, the addition of the P element can not only react with the Fe element to form compounds and consume the Fe element, but also improve the fluidity of the melt, and the compounds in the melt can easily float upwards. The patent additives CuZr, CuTi, CuP and other intermediate alloys have high cost, and the example results show that the Fe is reduced to about 0.2 percent, so that certain limitations exist.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the method for reducing the iron content in the waste brass is provided, the method has good iron removal effect, the iron content is greatly reduced to about 0.01 percent after the treatment by the method, the method can be used as a production raw material of brass alloys of various brands, and the problem of recycling the waste brass is solved.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method for reducing the iron content in waste brass comprises the following steps:

(1) weighing a proper amount of waste brass, and adding the waste brass into a smelting furnace to smelt until the waste brass is completely melted;

(2) adjusting the temperature of the melt to 950-980 ℃, and adding a deironing agent into the middle lower part of the melt; adding iron-removing agent, stirring, holding temperature, heating, refining, discharging and casting ingot.

In the technical scheme, the invention provides a method for reducing the iron content in waste brass aiming at the problem of high iron content in the brass regeneration raw material. The method comprises the steps of firstly pretreating the waste brass, then smelting the pretreated waste brass, adjusting the temperature of a melt to 950-980 ℃ after the melt is completely melted,adding a deironing agent with a specific component, stirring for 1-3 minutes, preserving heat for 5-10 minutes to form an iron compound, slagging and floating, and then heating the melt to 990-1030 ℃ for refining, discharging and casting an ingot. The method for reducing the iron content in the waste brass has good iron removal effect, and the iron removal agent is KBF₄And SiO₂The optimal weight ratio of the components is 1: 1, the components account for 1-3.5% of the melt by weight percentage, the iron content in the melt can be maximally reduced to about 0.01%, the components can be used as production raw materials of brass alloys of various brands, and the problem of recycling waste brass is solved.

The principle of reducing the iron content in the waste brass by the method is as follows: the iron remover adopted by the invention contains KBF₄Fe with KBF at high temperatures₄The reaction is carried out to generate metal compounds such as FeB, the FeB and SiO2 carry out slagging reaction to generate FeSiBO, and FeSiBO slag floats upwards to remove Fe in the melt.

Preferably, the iron remover is KBF₄And SiO₂Composition of said KBF₄And SiO₂The mass ratio of the components is 1: 3-3: 1.

Preferably, the addition amount of the iron removing agent is 1-3.5% of the weight of the melt.

Preferably, the iron remover is wrapped by copper foil and then added to the middle lower part of the melt. In this technical scheme, because of the deironing agent is powdered, density is little to the material is thrown to copper foil parcel deironing agent, can effectively avoid the scaling loss of deironing agent, guarantees the deironing effect.

Preferably, the KBF is characterized in that₄And SiO₂The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 1: 1.

Preferably, in the step (2), the iron remover is added and stirred for 1-3min, then the temperature is kept for 5-10min, and then the temperature of the solution is raised to 990-1030 ℃.

Preferably, the pretreatment of the waste brass before weighing in the step 1): the waste brass is pre-sorted, then the pre-sorted waste brass is crushed into small pieces, and then the impurities in the waste brass are removed through magnetic separation, mechanical screening, gravity sorting and manual sorting.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

the invention provides a method for reducing the iron content in waste brass, aiming at the problem of high iron content in brass regeneration raw materials. The method comprises the steps of firstly pretreating waste brass, then smelting the pretreated waste brass, adjusting the temperature of a melt to 950-980 ℃ after the waste brass is completely melted, adding a deironing agent with specific components, stirring for 1-3 minutes, preserving heat for 5-10 minutes to form a Fe compound, slagging and floating, and then heating the melt to 990-1030 ℃ for refining, discharging and casting ingots.

The method for reducing the iron content in the waste brass has good iron removal effect, and the iron removal agent is KBF₄And SiO₂The optimal weight ratio of the components is 1: 1, the components account for 1.0-3.5% of the melt by weight percentage, the iron content in the melt can be maximally reduced to about 0.01%, the components can be used as production raw materials of brass alloys of various brands, and the problem of recycling waste brass is solved.

Detailed Description

The invention is further explained below with reference to specific examples:

those skilled in the art will be able to implement the invention based on these teachings. Moreover, the embodiments of the present invention described in the following description are generally only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Therefore, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.