阅读说明：本技术 一种基于低压固态储氢为氢源的氢能自行车 (Hydrogen energy bicycle based on low-pressure solid hydrogen storage is hydrogen source ) 是由 周少雄 武英 阎有花 原建光 张宝 于 2019-09-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于氢能源利用技术领域,具体涉及一种基于低压固态储氢为氢源的氢能自行车。本发明所述基于低压固态储氢为氢源的氢能自行车,采用低压固态储氢材料及系统为氢源,并利用水冷质子交换膜燃料电池控制单元实现氢源能量的转换及输出利用。本发明所述基于低压固态储氢为氢源的氢能自行车,充分利用低压固态储氢材料具有安全、高效、高密度等优点,又有效利用了水冷质子交换膜燃料电池系统运行时产生的废热,节能减排,实现“低碳环保、绿色出行”,可满足经济社会市场需求。(The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy utilization, and particularly relates to a hydrogen energy bicycle taking low-pressure solid hydrogen storage as a hydrogen source. The invention discloses a hydrogen energy bicycle taking low-pressure solid hydrogen storage as a hydrogen source, which adopts low-pressure solid hydrogen storage materials and a system as the hydrogen source and realizes the energy conversion and output utilization of the hydrogen source by utilizing a water-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit. The hydrogen energy bicycle taking the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage as the hydrogen source fully utilizes the advantages of safety, high efficiency, high density and the like of the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage material, effectively utilizes waste heat generated during the operation of the water-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell system, saves energy, reduces emission, realizes low carbon, environmental protection and green trip, and can meet the market demands of economy and society.)

1. A hydrogen energy bicycle based on low-pressure solid hydrogen storage is taken as a hydrogen source, and is characterized by comprising a bicycle body, a low-pressure solid hydrogen storage system unit arranged on the bicycle body and used for hydrogen source storage, and a water-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit used for hydrogen source energy conversion;

the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage system unit comprises a low-pressure hydrogen storage bottle (1) containing solid hydrogen storage materials;

the water-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit comprises a hydrogen pipeline, an air pipeline, a cooling water circulation pipeline, a DC/DC converter and a lithium battery, wherein the hydrogen pipeline, the air pipeline and the cooling water circulation pipeline are used for respectively realizing the operation of energy materials, the DC/DC converter is used for stabilizing the pressure of the system, and the lithium battery is used for providing starting voltage for the system.

2. The hydrogen bicycle based on low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage as a hydrogen source of claim 1, wherein the low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage system unit and the water-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit are of an integrated structure and are wrapped by a waterproof shell.

3. A hydrogen bicycle based on low pressure solid state hydrogen storage as hydrogen source according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the solid state hydrogen storage material is selected from one or more of rare earth-based or titanium-based hydrogen storage alloys.

4. The hydrogen bicycle based on low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage as hydrogen source of claim 3, wherein the solid-state hydrogen storage material is a nano-structured bulk material formed by granulation with a binder.

5. The hydrogen bicycle based on low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage as a hydrogen source according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein a bottleneck valve with a filter and a quick connector for realizing pipeline switch control of the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottle (1) and a water-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit are arranged on the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottle (1).

6. A hydrogen bicycle according to any of claims 1-5, wherein the hydrogen pipeline is provided with connected:

the electromagnetic valve is used for controlling and adjusting the direction, flow and speed parameters of the hydrogen;

the pressure reducing valve (5) is used for adjusting the pressure of the hydrogen in the hydrogen pipeline so as to automatically keep the outlet pressure stable;

a heat exchanger (8) for transferring heat from a hot medium to a cold medium to adjust the temperature requirements of the hydrogen circuit;

the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack (10), the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack (10) comprises a plurality of single cells which are stacked and combined in series and used for realizing the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen;

a water cooler (11), said water cooler (11) being adapted to evacuate water produced by the fuel cell;

and the hydrogen circulating pump (12) is used for recycling unreacted hydrogen so as to improve the energy utilization rate of the proton membrane fuel cell.

7. The hydrogen bicycle based on low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage as a hydrogen source of claim 6, wherein a detection assembly is further arranged on the hydrogen pipeline, the detection assembly comprises:

the temperature sensor (3) is arranged in front of the pressure reducing valve (5) and is used for detecting and measuring heat and cold and converting the heat and cold into electric signals;

the pressure sensor (4) is arranged in front of the pressure reducing valve (5) and is used for sensing a pressure signal of the hydrogen pipeline and converting the pressure signal into a usable output electric signal;

and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

and the pressure gauge (6) is arranged between the pressure reducing valve (5) and the heat exchanger (8) and is used for measuring and indicating the pressure of hydrogen entering the inlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack (10) in the hydrogen pipeline.

8. A hydrogen bicycle according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the hydrogen pipeline is further provided with:

a safety valve (7), wherein the safety valve (7) is arranged between the pressure reducing valve (5) and the heat exchanger (8), and when the medium pressure in the equipment or the pipeline is increased to exceed a specified value, the medium pressure in the pipeline or the equipment is prevented from exceeding the specified value by discharging the medium to the outside of the system;

and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

and the check valve (9) is arranged behind the heat exchanger (8) and is used for controlling the hydrogen to flow only in the outlet direction and limiting the outlet medium to flow reversely.

9. A hydrogen bicycle according to any of claims 1-8, wherein the air conduit is provided with connected thereto:

an air booster pump (14), said air booster pump (14) for boosting the supply pressure of air to increase the energy density of the fuel electrical system, increase the fuel cell stack efficiency and improve the water balance;

the humidifier (15) is used for humidifying the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack (10) so as to ensure that the proton exchange membranes of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack (10) keep a good hydration state and high electric conductivity and improve the working efficiency of the fuel cell.

10. A hydrogen bicycle according to any of claims 1-9, wherein the cooling water circulation circuit is provided with connected:

a cooling circulation water pump (16), the cooling circulation water pump (16) being used for controlling circulation of circulation water in the system;

and the water storage tank is used for storing the cooling circulating water.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy utilization, and particularly relates to a hydrogen energy bicycle taking low-pressure solid hydrogen storage as a hydrogen source.

Background

Hydrogen energy is considered as an ideal clean energy source, and has the advantages of light weight, abundant reserves, environmental friendliness and the like. The compendium of the national middle and long-term scientific and technical development planning (2006-2020) "defines the high-capacity hydrogen storage material technology as the leading-edge technology. At present, the main industrial chain of hydrogen energy sources comprises a plurality of practical application links such as preparation of upstream hydrogen, transportation and storage of midstream hydrogen, and downstream hydrogen refueling stations, hydrogen fuel cells and application. The storage of the midstream hydrogen comprises several modes of high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage and solid hydrogen storage. The high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage mode has the advantages of wide application, simplicity, convenience, practicability, low cost, high hydrogen charging and discharging speed and the like, but a thick pressure-resistant container is needed in the hydrogen storage process, large hydrogen compression work is consumed, and risks of unsafe factors such as hydrogen leakage, container explosion and the like are caused; although the low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage mode has a wide application range in global hydrogen stations, the application in vehicle-mounted systems is not mature, certain potential safety hazards exist, the technology development capability is limited, and the application cost of domestic liquid hydrogen is continuously high; the solid-state hydrogen storage technology has the characteristics of safety, simplicity, convenience and good adaptability, can well solve the problem of hydrogen storage, and can provide a stable and reliable hydrogen source for the fuel cell.

At present, under the large environment that energy conservation and emission reduction and low-carbon travel are vigorously advocated in China, public transportation such as bicycles, buses, subways and light rails is undoubtedly the preferred low-carbon travel mode of people. The bicycle, especially the electric bicycle, has an irreplaceable special position in the existing public transportation system due to the flexibility, and plays a role in connecting a destination with large transportation stations such as subway stations, bus stations and the like.

At present, most of electric bicycles in the market are mainly powered by lithium batteries, but the lithium batteries are long in charging time and limited in capacity, so that the electric bicycles can only run in a limited range; moreover, as a large number of standard matching charging piles do not exist in China at present, once the electric quantity is used up, the charging problem also troubles users; the pollution of the lithium battery at the early stage and the later stage is also a long-term environmental problem. Therefore, the hydrogen energy bicycle adopting low-pressure solid hydrogen storage as a hydrogen source becomes an ideal choice for green, low-carbon and environment-friendly travel of the economic society.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a hydrogen energy bicycle based on low-pressure solid hydrogen storage as a hydrogen source.

In order to solve the technical problems, the hydrogen energy bicycle based on low-pressure solid hydrogen storage as a hydrogen source comprises a bicycle body, a low-pressure solid hydrogen storage system unit arranged on the bicycle body and used for hydrogen source storage and a water-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit used for hydrogen source energy conversion;

the low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage system unit comprises a low-pressure hydrogen storage bottle containing a solid-state hydrogen storage material;

the water-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit comprises a hydrogen pipeline, an air pipeline, a cooling water circulation pipeline, a DC/DC converter and a lithium battery, wherein the hydrogen pipeline, the air pipeline and the cooling water circulation pipeline are used for respectively realizing the operation of energy materials, the DC/DC converter is used for stabilizing the pressure of the system, and the lithium battery is used for providing starting voltage for the system.

Specifically, the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage system unit and the water-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit are of an integrated structure and are wrapped by a waterproof shell.

Specifically, the solid hydrogen storage material is selected from one or more of rare earth-based hydrogen storage alloys or titanium-based hydrogen storage alloys.

Specifically, the solid hydrogen storage material is a nano-structure bulk material formed by granulating a binder.

Specifically, a bottle mouth valve with a filter and a quick connector for realizing the pipeline switch control of the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and the water-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit are arranged on the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottle.

Specifically, the hydrogen pipeline is provided with the following parts:

the electromagnetic valve is connected with the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and is used for controlling and adjusting the direction, flow and speed parameters of the hydrogen;

the pressure reducing valve is used for adjusting the pressure of the hydrogen in the hydrogen pipeline so as to automatically keep the outlet pressure stable;

a heat exchanger for transferring heat from a hot medium to a cold medium to adjust the temperature requirements of the hydrogen gas circuit;

the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack comprises a plurality of single cells which are stacked and combined in series and is used for realizing the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen;

a water cooler for evacuating water generated by the fuel cell;

and the hydrogen circulating pump is used for recycling unreacted hydrogen so as to improve the energy utilization rate of the proton membrane fuel cell.

Specifically, still be provided with detection assembly on the hydrogen pipeline, detection assembly includes:

the temperature sensor is arranged in front of the pressure reducing valve and used for detecting and measuring heat and coldness and converting the heat and coldness into electric signals;

the pressure sensor is arranged in front of the pressure reducing valve and used for sensing a pressure signal of the hydrogen pipeline and converting the pressure signal into a usable output electric signal;

and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

and the pressure gauge is arranged between the pressure reducing valve and the heat exchanger and is used for measuring and indicating the pressure of the hydrogen entering the inlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack in the hydrogen pipeline.

Specifically, still be provided with on the hydrogen pipeline:

a safety valve provided between the pressure reducing valve and the heat exchanger, for preventing the medium pressure in the pipe or the device from exceeding a prescribed value by discharging the medium to the outside of the system when the medium pressure in the device or the pipe rises above a prescribed value;

and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

and the check valve is arranged behind the heat exchanger and is used for controlling the hydrogen to flow only in the outlet direction and limiting the counter flow of the outlet medium.

Specifically, be provided with on the air duct and be connected:

an air booster pump for boosting a supply pressure of air to increase an energy density of a fuel electric system, increase a fuel cell stack efficiency, and improve a water balance;

the humidifier is used for humidifying the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack so as to ensure that a proton exchange membrane of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack keeps a good hydration state and high electrical conductivity and improve the working efficiency of the fuel cell.

Specifically, the cooling water circulation pipeline is provided with the following parts:

the cooling circulating water pump is used for controlling circulation of circulating water in the system;

and the water storage tank is used for storing the cooling circulating water.

The invention discloses a hydrogen energy bicycle taking low-pressure solid hydrogen storage as a hydrogen source, which adopts a low-pressure solid hydrogen storage material and a system as the hydrogen source and realizes the energy conversion and output utilization of the hydrogen source by utilizing a water-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit. The hydrogen energy bicycle taking low-pressure solid hydrogen storage as a hydrogen source fully utilizes the advantages of safety, high efficiency, high density and the like of the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage material, effectively utilizes waste heat generated during the operation of a water-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell system, saves energy, reduces emission, realizes low carbon, environmental protection and green trip, and can meet the market demands of economy and society.

According to the hydrogen energy bicycle taking low-pressure solid hydrogen storage as the hydrogen source, the solid hydrogen storage material is preferably subjected to granulation treatment, so that the solid hydrogen storage material has certain granularity and mechanical strength, a blocky material with a nano structure is reserved, after the granulation treatment, the hydrogen storage material is conveniently filled, the surface area of the hydrogen storage material is increased, the hydrogen absorption effect is ensured, and the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage system can realize low-pressure and high-density hydrogen storage, has the advantages of reusability, safety and economy, and has good adaptability. The hydrogen energy bicycle based on low-pressure solid hydrogen storage as the hydrogen source can meet the actual road condition requirements of plains, climbing and the like by matching parameters such as the output power of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the volume and the number of hydrogen storage bottles, the filling amount of hydrogen storage alloy and the like according to the requirements of the endurance mileage and the actual output power of the motor of the hydrogen energy bicycle.

The hydrogen energy bicycle based on low-pressure solid hydrogen storage as a hydrogen source integrates the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage system unit and the water-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit, so that the whole structure formed by the hydrogen energy bicycle is compact and is wrapped by the waterproof shell. Has the characteristics of compact structure, convenient use, portability and mobility.

Drawings

In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, the following detailed description of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings, which,

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the integrated internal structure of a low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage system unit and a water-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit;

FIG. 2 shows a lanthanum-nickel base (LaNi)₅) A process flow of filling a low-pressure hydrogen storage bottle with a solid hydrogen storage material;

FIG. 3 shows a lanthanum nickel base (LaNi)₅) PCT performance test curves of the hydrogen storage alloy at different temperatures;

FIG. 4 shows a lanthanum nickel base (LaNi)₅) Flow rate of 1L of hydrogen storage alloy low-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is along the time-varying curve.

The reference numbers in the figures denote: 1-low pressure hydrogen storage bottle, 2-first electromagnetic valve, 3-temperature sensor, 4-pressure sensor, 5-pressure reducing valve, 6-pressure gauge, 7-safety valve, 8-heat exchanger, 9-one-way valve, 10-proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack, 11-water cooler, 12-hydrogen circulating pump, 13-second electromagnetic valve, 14-air booster pump, 15-humidifier, 16-cooling circulating water pump, 17-large water storage tank and 18-small water storage tank.

Detailed Description

In the following description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention but do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "connected" and "connected" used herein should be interpreted broadly, and may include, for example, a fixed connection or a detachable connection; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate members, and specific meanings of the above terms will be understood by those skilled in the art as appropriate.

The invention relates to a hydrogen energy bicycle taking low-pressure solid hydrogen storage as a hydrogen source, which comprises a bicycle body (not shown in the figure) in a conventional form, a low-pressure solid hydrogen storage system unit for realizing hydrogen source energy conversion and energy control and a water-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit.

In consideration of the actual use condition, the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage system unit and the water-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit are integrated together to form an integral assembly with a compact structure, and the integral assembly is wrapped by a waterproof shell and arranged at the front part, the middle part or the tail part of the frame of the hydrogen energy bicycle body.

As shown in fig. 1, the low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage system unit and the water-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit are integrated in an internal structure schematic diagram, and the low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage system unit is used for providing a hydrogen source with a stable flow rate for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack. The low-pressure solid hydrogen storage system unit comprises low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles 1 filled with solid hydrogen storage materials, wherein the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles 1 can be arranged into a plurality of groups and used for storing the solid hydrogen storage materials, and bottle mouth valves, quick plug connectors and the like containing filters are further arranged at the positions of the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles 1. The filter of the bottleneck valve is preferably a stainless steel powder sintered body, the filtering precision can reach 0.5 mu m, and the filter is used for preventing micro powder particles of hydrogen storage alloy in multiple hydrogen absorption and desorption cycles from entering a hydrogen pipeline through the bottleneck valve. And the quick-connection plug can realize the communication or disconnection between the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 1 and the pipeline of the subsequent water-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit.

The solid hydrogen storage material stored in the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 1 is preferably one or more of rare earth-based or titanium-based hydrogen storage alloys. And more preferably, the solid-state hydrogen storage material is a block material which is subjected to granulation treatment, has certain granularity and mechanical strength and retains a nano structure, graphite and resin can be used as a binding agent for granulating the nano-scale rare earth-based and titanium-based hydrogen storage powder, after the granulation treatment, the hydrogen storage material is conveniently filled, the surface area of the hydrogen storage material is increased, the hydrogen absorption effect is ensured, and the low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage system realizes low-pressure and high-density hydrogen storage.

As shown in fig. 1, the integrated internal structure of the low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage system unit and the water-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit includes a hydrogen pipeline, an air pipeline, a cooling water circulation pipeline, a DC/DC converter for stabilizing the system pressure, and a lithium battery for providing the system with a start voltage.

The function of the DC/DC converter is that the output voltage of the fuel cell is unstable, the output voltage can be stabilized through a closed-loop control system of the DC/DC converter, and the output voltage of the fuel cell can be converted through the DC/DC converter and then supplied to a motor driver. And the lithium battery is used for providing starting voltage for the whole control system, the hydrogen fuel cell reactor and the reactor controller.

As shown in fig. 1, the schematic diagram of the integrated internal structure of the low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage system unit and the water-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit is that a hydrogen pipeline of the water-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit is sequentially provided with:

the first electromagnetic valve 2 is an automatic basic element for controlling hydrogen, and the first electromagnetic valve 2 is connected with the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 1 and is used for controlling and adjusting the direction, flow and speed parameters of the hydrogen;

a temperature sensor 3, the temperature sensor 3 functioning to detect and measure heat and cold and convert them into electrical signals;

the pressure sensor 4 is used for sensing pressure signals and converting the pressure signals into usable output electric signals according to a certain rule;

the pressure reducing valve 5 is used for adjusting the gas pressure in the pipeline, further reducing the gas or inlet pressure to a certain required outlet pressure value, and automatically keeping the outlet pressure stable by means of the energy of a medium;

the pressure gauge 6 is used for measuring and indicating the pressure of hydrogen entering the inlet of the water-cooled fuel cell stack in the hydrogen pipeline;

the safety valve 7 is a normally closed state of the opening and closing part under the action of external force, and when the pressure of the medium in the equipment or the pipeline is increased to exceed a specified value, the medium is discharged to the outside of the system to prevent the pressure of the medium in the pipeline or the equipment from exceeding a specified value;

the heat exchanger 8 is used for transferring the heat generated by the hydrogen pipeline from the heat medium to the cold medium of the cooling water circulation pipeline so as to meet the process requirement specified by the process pipeline; the hydrogen pipeline and the cooling water circulation pipeline realize heat exchange through the heat exchanger 8;

the check valve 9 is used for controlling the hydrogen in the hydrogen pipeline to flow only towards the outlet direction, but the outlet medium cannot flow reversely;

the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack 10(PEMFC) is formed by stacking and combining a plurality of single cells in a series connection mode, bipolar plates of the single cells and membrane electrode three-in-one components are alternately stacked, sealing elements are embedded among the single cells, and the single cells are tightly pressed by a front end plate and a rear end plate and then are fastened and fastened by screws to form the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack 10; when the stack works, the hydrogen and the oxygen are respectively introduced into the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack 10 through inlets corresponding to the hydrogen pipeline and the air pipeline, distributed to bipolar plates of the single cells through the stack gas main channel, guided by the bipolar plates and uniformly distributed to electrodes, and contacted with a catalyst through an electrode support body to carry out electrochemical reaction, so that the energy conversion of a hydrogen source is realized;

a water cooler 11 for evacuating water generated via the fuel cells of the pem fuel cell stack 10 to ensure stability of piping system;

the hydrogen circulating pump 12 is mainly used for recycling unreacted hydrogen to realize effective utilization of the hydrogen, and can quickly bring out redundant water vapor in the fuel cell during purging, so that the energy utilization rate of the proton membrane fuel cell is improved;

and a second solenoid valve 13, wherein the second solenoid valve 13 is connected with the DC/DC converter and is used for controlling the flow rate of the exhausted hydrogen.

As shown in fig. 1, the schematic diagram of the integrated internal structure of the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage system unit and the water-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit is that:

the air booster pump 14 is used for increasing the air supply pressure (namely the partial pressure of oxygen) of air, accelerating the flow speed of the air when the fuel cell system operates, avoiding insufficient air supply and water accumulation inside the fuel cell, increasing the energy density of a fuel electric system, improving the efficiency of the fuel cell stack and improving the water balance;

a humidifier 15, wherein the humidifier 15 is used for maintaining the normal operation of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 10; in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, when the temperature rises, the cell performance is also improved, but the performance of the cell is reduced due to a dry film caused by overhigh temperature, generally, the operating temperature of the cell is between 0 and 100 ℃, and the rise of the temperature is beneficial to improving the electrochemical reaction rate and improving the cell performance; the excessive high temperature can accelerate the loss of water in the membrane, lead to the partial pressure of water vapor to reduce, can cause membrane shrink even when serious and break, cause irreversible destruction to the battery, consequently, proton exchange membrane needs to keep moist, need carry out humidification processing to PEMFC, in order to ensure that proton exchange membrane keeps good hydration state and higher conductance, make fuel cell high-efficient work, therefore humidifier 15 is indispensable in the air pipeline, both can use the air humidification, be used for the aqueous vapor and the waste heat of fuel cell export to lead back humidifier 15, and then steerable pile operating temperature, influence pile efficiency and output characteristic.

As shown in fig. 1, the schematic diagram of the integrated internal structure of the low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage system unit and the water-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit is that a cooling water circulation pipeline of the water-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell control unit is sequentially provided with:

a cooling circulation water pump 16, wherein the cooling circulation water pump 16 is used for driving cooling circulation water to circulate in the system repeatedly; the cooling water circulation pipeline and the hydrogen pipeline realize heat exchange through the heat exchanger 8, and the cooling water after heat exchange can be discharged through the water cooler 11 or

A large water storage tank 17 and a small water storage tank 18, wherein the large water storage tank 17 is used for storing cooling water, and the small water storage tank 18 can realize the supply of the cooling water.

The invention relates to a hydrogen energy bicycle based on low-pressure solid hydrogen storage as a hydrogen source, which has the following specific implementation and working modes:

(1) in this example, lanthanum-nickel based (LaNi)₅) The technological process of filling low pressure hydrogen storage bottle with solid hydrogen storage material is illustrated as follows:

as shown in the flow chart of FIG. 2, LaNi is used₅The alloy scale is used as a raw material, and on one hand, the alloy scale is beneficial to inhibiting component segregation; on the other hand, the stress generated by volume expansion and contraction when the alloy absorbs and releases hydrogen can be relieved. Mixing Lan with water_i5Alloy flakes, graphite (purity 99%, granularity 100 meshes) and epoxy resin AB glue according to the mass percentage of 100: 5: and 5, filling the mixture into a ball milling tank, replacing air in the ball milling tank with argon, carrying out ball milling for 2 hours in a planetary ball mill in an inert protective argon atmosphere, and mixing the mixture powder for later use after ball milling. Then, the mixed material powder is pressed and formed into a cylinder with the diameter of 1cm and the height of 1cm by a powder tablet machine under the pressure of 200MPa, and the cylinder is heated at the temperature of 90-120 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 10^-1Vacuum heat treatment under PaCooling the mixture along with the furnace for 0.5h to sinter the mixture into a block; and crushing the sintered block into a solid hydrogen storage material with 100 meshes by using an alligator crusher, completing granulation, and filling the solid hydrogen storage material subjected to granulation treatment into a low-pressure hydrogen storage bottle by using an automatic filling machine.

Lanthanum nickel base (LaNi) was prepared in this example₅) PCT property test curves of hydrogen storage alloy at different temperatures are shown in figure 3, and the lanthanum nickel base (LaNi)₅) The flow rate of the hydrogen storage alloy storing 1L low-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is shown as the time-varying curve in figure 4.

(2) Arranging a corresponding first electromagnetic valve 2, a temperature sensor 3, a pressure sensor 4, a pressure reducing valve 5, a pressure gauge 6, a safety valve 7, a heat exchanger 8, a one-way valve 9, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack 10, a water cooler 11, a hydrogen circulating pump 12, a second electromagnetic valve 13, an air booster pump 14, a humidifier 15, a circulating water pump 16, a large water storage tank 17 and a small water storage tank 18 according to the pipeline structure and the mode shown in figure 1, and completing preliminary connection and testing;

the hydrogen pipeline system is characterized in that an electromagnetic valve 2 is used for controlling the hydrogen discharge flow of a hydrogen storage tank, a temperature sensor 3 is used for collecting and detecting the hydrogen discharge temperature, a pressure sensor 4 is used for collecting and detecting the hydrogen storage and discharge pressure, a pressure reducing valve 5 is used for reducing the inlet pressure of hydrogen to a certain required outlet pressure and stabilizing the inlet pressure, a pressure gauge 6 is used for detecting the pressure of a hydrogen pipeline, a safety valve 7 is used for releasing pressure to protect the hydrogen pipeline, a heat exchanger 8 can ensure that a fuel cell operates under a better condition, a one-way valve 9 is used for preventing the hydrogen from reversely flowing, a water cooler 11 is used for emptying water generated by the fuel cell, a hydrogen circulating pump 12 is used for quickly taking out redundant water in the fuel cell during purging, and an electromagnetic valve 13 is used for controlling the flow; the air booster pump 14 in the air pipeline is used for accelerating the flow speed of air when the fuel cell system operates, so as to avoid the phenomenon of insufficient air supply and water accumulation in the fuel cell, and the humidifier 15 is used for moistening the proton exchange membrane and carrying out humidification treatment on the PEMFC so as to keep the normal operation of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 10; the cooling water circulating water pump 16 in the cooling water circulating pipeline is used for circulating water in the system repeatedly, and the large water tank 17 and the small water tank 18 can store the circulating water for cooling and heat recovery of the whole system.

(3) The hydrogen source bicycle realizes the output voltage stabilization control of the fuel cell through the DC/DC converter, and the lithium battery is used for providing starting voltage for the control system, the hydrogen fuel cell reactor and the reactor controller.

The hydrogen energy bicycle can meet the requirements of practical road conditions such as plain and climbing by matching with parameters such as output power of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, volume and quantity of hydrogen storage bottles, filling amount of hydrogen storage alloy and the like according to the requirements of the endurance mileage and practical output power of a motor of the hydrogen energy bicycle.

It should be understood that the above-described embodiments are merely examples for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. This list is neither intended to be exhaustive nor exhaustive. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.