阅读说明：本技术 带针齿壳结构的高适应性的蜗轮蜗杆减速机及铸造方法 (High-adaptability worm and gear speed reducer with pin gear shell structure and casting method ) 是由 管晟琦 管凯华 于 2019-10-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了带针齿壳结构的高适应性的蜗轮蜗杆减速机,包括壳体,所述壳体内部的中间设置有蜗轮,所述壳体内表面的顶部转动连接有蜗杆,且蜗杆的表面与蜗轮相互啮合,本发明涉及蜗轮蜗杆减速机技术领域。该带针齿壳结构的高适应性的蜗轮蜗杆减速机,通过在传统蜗轮和蜗杆变速传动的基础上,再增加针齿壳与行星齿轮、中心齿轮组成的行星轮变速机构,并在蜗杆的左右两端、针齿壳正面的圆心处和蜗轮背面的圆心处均设置传动轴,使该减速机具备多重减速效果,将主动轴从动轴与不同的传动轴连接可实现不同的安装效果,且选择不同的传动轴也可满足不同轴安装位置的需求,更可实现一带多进行传动,适应性强。(The invention discloses a high-adaptability worm and gear speed reducer with a pin gear shell structure, which comprises a shell, wherein a worm gear is arranged in the middle of the interior of the shell, a worm is rotatably connected to the top of the inner surface of the shell, and the surface of the worm is meshed with the worm gear. This take high adaptability's of needle tooth shell structure worm gear speed reducer machine, on the basis through at traditional worm wheel and worm variable speed transmission, increase needle tooth shell and planetary gear again, the planet wheel speed change mechanism that sun gear constitutes, and both ends about the worm, the positive centre of a circle department of needle tooth shell and the centre of a circle department at the worm wheel back all set up the transmission shaft, make this speed reducer machine possess multiple speed reduction effect, be connected driving shaft driven shaft and different transmission shaft and can realize different installation effectiveness, and select different transmission shafts also can satisfy the demand of disalignment mounted position, more can realize taking one to drive more, strong adaptability.)

1. Take high adaptability's worm gear speed reducer of needle tooth shell structure, including casing (1), casing (1) inside centre is provided with worm wheel (2), the top of casing (1) internal surface is rotated and is connected with worm (3), and the surface and worm wheel (2) intermeshing of worm (3), the equal fixedly connected with cooling fin (4), its characterized in that of the left and right sides of casing (1): the worm wheel (2) is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft (5) at the positive center of a circle, a central gear (6) is fixedly connected with the front end of the rotating shaft (5), a needle gear shell (7) is rotatably connected with the front side of the shell (1) in the interior, the needle gear shell (7) is sleeved outside the central gear (6), a planetary gear (8) is meshed on the surface of the central gear (6), a tooth groove (9) meshed with the planetary gear (8) is formed in the inner surface of the needle gear shell (7), first fixing sleeves (10) are fixedly connected with the left end and the right end of the worm (3), a first transmission shaft (11) is fixedly connected with the interior of the first fixing sleeves (10) through bolts, second fixing sleeves (12) are rotatably connected with the front side and the rear side of the shell (1) through bearings, and the surface of the second fixing sleeves (12) is connected with the inner surface of the bearings in, the one end of the fixed cover of second (12) runs through casing (1) and extends to the outside of casing (1), the internal surface of the fixed cover of second (12) just is located the outside of casing (1) and passes through bolt fixedly connected with second transmission shaft (13), two the fixed cover of second (12) be located the inside one end of casing (1) respectively with the front of pin tooth shell (7) and the back fixed connection of worm wheel (2).

2. The high-adaptability worm gear reducer with a pin gear shell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the back of the pin gear shell (7) is fixedly connected with a supporting cover (14) through a screw, the center of the supporting cover (14) is rotatably connected with the surface of the rotating shaft (5) through a bearing, and the surface of the rotating shaft (5) is in sliding connection with the inner surface of the bearing.

3. The high-adaptability worm gear reducer with a pin gear shell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the utility model discloses a two-phase motor, including casing (1), the equal fixedly connected with position sleeve (15) in outside that both sides just are located the fixed cover of second (12) around casing (1), the internal thread of position sleeve (15) is connected with locating pin (24), and the one end of locating pin (24) extends to between the fixed cover of position sleeve (15) and second (12), the one end that locating pin (24) are located the inside of position sleeve (15) rotates and is connected with steel ball (25), and the surface roll connection who sets up with steel ball (25) on the fixed cover of second (12) has annular positioning groove (26), annular positioning groove (26) are provided with four altogether, and the symmetry sets up on two fixed covers of second (12).

4. The high-adaptability worm gear reducer with a pin gear shell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the three planetary gears (8) are uniformly distributed outside the central gear (6), and the axle centers of the planetary gears (8) are rotationally connected with the front side of the inner surface of the pin gear shell (7) through short shafts.

5. The high-adaptability worm gear reducer with a pin gear shell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the surface of first transmission shaft (11) and second transmission shaft (13) just is located the equal fixedly connected with spline (16) in the inside of first fixed cover (10) and second fixed cover (12), and keyway (17) with spline (16) looks adaptation are all seted up to the internal surface of first fixed cover (10) and second fixed cover (12).

6. The high-adaptability worm gear reducer with a pin gear shell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inside of casing (1) just is located below fixedly connected with arc (18) of worm wheel (2) and pin gear shell (7), and dirty groove (19) of collection has been seted up to the bottom of arc (18).

7. The high-adaptability worm gear reducer with a pin gear shell structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: the sewage draining exit is arranged at the front end and the rear end of the sewage collecting groove (19) and below the front side and the rear side of the shell (1), a rubber plug (20) is connected to the inner surface of the sewage draining exit in a clamped mode, and cleaning water outlets (21) are arranged in the front side and the rear side of the needle gear shell (7) and located in the tooth grooves (9).

8. The high-adaptability worm gear reducer with a pin gear shell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top of casing (1) is through bolt fixedly connected with top cap (22), and casing (1) inside left and right sides all seted up with top cap (22) both sides sliding connection's dovetail (23).

9. The casting method of the high-adaptability worm gear speed reducer with the pin gear shell structure is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:

step one, a sand mixing stage: preparing molding sand and core sand for modeling, then putting the old soil and a proper amount of clay into a sand mixer, adding a proper amount of water, and stirring;

step two, a molding stage: manufacturing a mould and a core box for the parts by using a carving machine according to the part drawings of the shell (1), the worm wheel (2), the worm (3), the central gear (6) and the planetary gear (8);

step three, a modeling stage: forming a cavity of the casting by using molding sand, manufacturing the internal shape of the casting by using core sand, namely manufacturing a sand core, putting the sand core into the cavity, closing an upper sand box and a lower sand box, checking whether the sand core is matched with the upper sand box or not, and finely trimming the sand core until the sand core is matched with the upper sand box and the lower sand box;

step four, a smelting stage: chemical components are prepared according to the required metal components, and an electric furnace with proper specification is selected to melt alloy materials to form qualified liquid metal liquid;

step five, a pouring stage: molten iron melted in the electric furnace is injected into the manufactured mold at a constant speed by a ladle, so that the whole cavity is filled with the molten iron, and then the molten iron is cooled;

step six, a cleaning stage: after the molten metal is solidified, removing the sprue by a hammer and shaking off sand of the casting, and then carrying out sand blasting by using a sand blasting machine;

step seven, casting inspection: and (4) inspecting the hardness, surface defects and the like of the casting, and performing the next fine machining process on the qualified semi-finished product.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of worm and gear speed reducers, in particular to a high-adaptability worm and gear speed reducer with a pin gear shell structure and a casting method.

Background

A worm gear reducer is a power transmission mechanism that uses a gear speed converter to reduce the number of revolutions of a motor (motor) to a desired number of revolutions and obtain a large torque. In a mechanism for transmitting power and motion, a reduction gear has a wide range of applications. The trace of the transmission system can be seen in various machines, such as ships, automobiles, locomotives of vehicles, heavy equipment for buildings, processing equipment and automatic production equipment used in the mechanical industry, common household appliances in daily life, clocks and watches, and the like. The application of the speed reducer can be seen from the transmission work of large power, to the transmission of small load and accurate angle, and in industrial application, the speed reducer has the functions of reducing speed and increasing torque. Therefore, the device is widely applied to speed and torque conversion equipment. The speed reducer mainly has the following functions: the output torque is improved while the speed is reduced, the torque output proportion is multiplied by the reduction ratio according to the output of the motor, but attention is paid to the fact that the rated torque of the speed reducer cannot be exceeded; the deceleration reduces the inertia of the load at the same time, the reduction in inertia being the square of the reduction ratio. It can be seen that typical motors have an inertia value.

The existing worm and gear speed reducer is generally only driven by one set of internal worm and gear, the transmission ratio is fixed, and then the speed reducer can only reach the appointed speed reduction effect, the universality is not strong, and to the installation environment that some installation spaces are limited or the position of a driving shaft and a driven shaft is not matched with the conventional worm and gear speed reducer, the conventional worm and gear speed reducer cannot be directly installed, other transmission structures are also needed to be matched, and the use is inconvenient.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a high-adaptability worm and gear speed reducer with a pin gear shell structure and a casting method thereof, and solves the problems that the conventional worm and gear speed reducer is only internally provided with a set of worm and gear for transmission, the transmission ratio is fixed, and then only a specified speed reduction effect can be achieved, the universality is not strong, and the conventional worm and gear speed reducer cannot be directly installed in installation environments with limited installation space or unmatched positions of a driving shaft and a driven shaft with a conventional worm and gear speed reducer.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the high-adaptability worm and gear speed reducer with the pin gear shell structure comprises a shell, a worm gear is arranged in the middle of the interior of the shell, a worm is connected to the top of the inner surface of the shell in a rotating mode, the surface of the worm is meshed with the worm gear in an intermeshing mode, heat dissipation fins are fixedly connected to the left side and the right side of the shell, a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the front of the worm gear, a central gear is fixedly connected to the front end of the rotating shaft, a pin gear shell is connected to the front side of the interior of the shell in a rotating mode, the pin gear shell is sleeved outside the central gear, a planetary gear is meshed to the surface of the central gear, a tooth groove meshed with the planetary gear is formed in the inner surface of the pin gear shell, first fixing sleeves are fixedly connected to the left end and the right end of the worm, a first transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the interior of, and the surface of the second fixed sleeve is connected with the inner surface of the bearing in a sliding manner, one end of the second fixed sleeve penetrates through the shell and extends to the outside of the shell, the inner surface of the second fixed sleeve is fixedly connected with a second transmission shaft through a bolt, and the other end of the second fixed sleeve, which is positioned inside the shell, is fixedly connected with the front surface of the pin gear shell and the back surface of the worm wheel respectively.

Preferably, the back of the pin gear shell is fixedly connected with a supporting cover through a screw, the center of the supporting cover is rotatably connected with the surface of the rotating shaft through a bearing, and the surface of the rotating shaft is slidably connected with the inner surface of the bearing.

Preferably, both sides just are located the equal fixedly connected with position sleeve in the outside of the fixed cover of second around the casing, the inside threaded connection of position sleeve has the locating pin, and the one end of locating pin extends to between position sleeve and the fixed cover of second, the locating pin is located the inside one end of position sleeve and rotates and be connected with the steel ball, and the surface of the fixed cover of second seted up with the surface roll connection of steel ball have an annular positioning groove, annular positioning groove is provided with four altogether, and the symmetry sets up on two fixed sheathes of second.

Preferably, the number of the planetary gears is three, the planetary gears are uniformly distributed outside the central gear, and the axes of the planetary gears are rotationally connected with the front side of the inner surface of the pin gear shell through short shafts.

Preferably, the surface of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with a spline inside the fixed sleeve, and the inner surface of the fixed sleeve is provided with a key groove matched with the spline.

Preferably, the inside of casing just is located the below fixedly connected with arc of worm wheel and pin gear shell, and the dirty groove of collection has been seted up to the bottom of arc.

Preferably, the sewage draining exits are formed in the front end and the rear end of the sewage collecting groove and below the front side and the rear side of the shell, the rubber plugs are clamped on the inner surfaces of the sewage draining exits, and cleaning water outlets are formed in the front side and the rear side of the needle tooth shell and located in the tooth grooves.

Preferably, the top of the shell is fixedly connected with a top cover through bolts, and dovetail grooves which are connected with the two sides of the top cover in a sliding mode are formed in the left side and the right side of the inside of the shell.

The invention also discloses a casting method of the high-adaptability worm and gear speed reducer with the pin gear shell structure, which specifically comprises the following steps:

step one, a sand mixing stage: preparing molding sand and core sand for modeling, then putting the old soil and a proper amount of clay into a sand mixer, adding a proper amount of water, and stirring;

step two, a molding stage: manufacturing a mold and a core box for the parts by using a carving machine according to the part drawings of the shell, the worm wheel, the worm, the central gear and the planetary gear;

step three, a modeling stage: forming a cavity of the casting by using molding sand, manufacturing the internal shape of the casting by using core sand, namely manufacturing a sand core, putting the sand core into the cavity, closing an upper sand box and a lower sand box, checking whether the sand core is matched with the upper sand box or not, and finely trimming the sand core until the sand core is matched with the upper sand box and the lower sand box;

step four, a smelting stage: chemical components are prepared according to the required metal components, and an electric furnace with proper specification is selected to melt alloy materials to form qualified liquid metal liquid;

step five, a pouring stage: molten iron melted in the electric furnace is injected into the manufactured mold at a constant speed by a ladle, so that the whole cavity is filled with the molten iron, and then the molten iron is cooled;

step six, a cleaning stage: after the molten metal is solidified, removing the sprue by a hammer and shaking off sand of the casting, and then carrying out sand blasting by using a sand blasting machine;

step seven, casting inspection: the hardness, surface defects and the like of the casting are inspected, and the qualified semi-finished product can be subjected to the next fine machining process

(III) advantageous effects

The invention provides a high-adaptability worm and gear speed reducer with a needle gear shell structure and a casting method. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the high-adaptability worm and gear speed reducer with the needle gear shell structure and the casting method thereof are characterized in that a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the front face of a worm gear, a central gear is fixedly connected to the front end of the rotating shaft, a needle gear shell is rotatably connected to the front side of the interior of a shell, the needle gear shell is sleeved on the exterior of the central gear, a planetary gear is meshed with the surface of the central gear, a tooth groove meshed with the planetary gear is formed in the inner surface of the needle gear shell, first fixing sleeves are fixedly connected to the left end and the right end of the worm, a first transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the interior of the first fixing sleeves through bolts, second fixing sleeves are rotatably connected to the front side and the back side of the worm gear respectively through bearings, one end of each second fixing sleeve penetrates through the shell and extends to the exterior of the shell, a second transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the inner surface of each second fixing sleeve and the exterior of the shell through bolts, and one end of Through on traditional worm wheel and worm speed change transmission's basis, increase pin wheel shell and planetary gear again, the planet wheel speed change mechanism that sun gear constitutes, and both ends about the worm, the positive centre of a circle department of pin wheel shell and the centre of a circle department at the worm wheel back all set up the transmission shaft, make this speed reducer possess multiple speed reduction effect, be connected driving shaft driven shaft and the transmission shaft of difference and can realize different installation effectiveness, and select the transmission shaft of difference also can satisfy the demand of disalignment mounted position, more can realize taking one to transmit more, strong adaptability.

(2) The front side and the rear side of the shell are rotatably connected with second fixing sleeves through bearings, the surfaces of the second fixing sleeves are in sliding connection with the inner surfaces of the bearings, the back surface of the pin gear shell is fixedly connected with a supporting cover through screws, the center of the supporting cover is rotatably connected with the surfaces of the rotating shafts through the bearings, the surfaces of the rotating shafts are in sliding connection with the inner surfaces of the bearings, the two second fixing sleeves and the rotating shafts are arranged in a form capable of sliding back and forth, when the two second fixing sleeves slide to the front side together, the central gear and the planetary gear can keep transmission, the worm and the worm wheel can be separated, the second fixing sleeve on the rear side is pulled backwards on the basis, the central gear and the planetary gear can be separated, the worm and the worm wheel can keep transmission, and the second fixing sleeve on the front side is pushed backwards again on the basis, the central gear and the planetary gear can be meshed for transmission again, namely the gear transmission and the worm and gear transmission work simultaneously, the effect of one belt and more belts can be realized by three working modes, the flexible switching can be realized according to different use scenes, the universality is stronger, other transmission parts can be avoided from operating simultaneously in one belt and in one time, and the no-load problem is avoided.

(3) The high-adaptability worm and gear speed reducer with the needle gear shell structure and the casting method thereof are characterized in that positioning sleeves are fixedly connected on the front side and the rear side of the shell and positioned outside the second fixing sleeve, positioning pins are connected with the inner threads of the positioning sleeves, one ends of the positioning pins extend to positions between the positioning sleeves and the second fixing sleeve, steel balls are rotatably connected to one ends of the positioning pins positioned inside the positioning sleeves, annular positioning grooves are formed in the surface of the second fixing sleeve and are in rolling connection with the surfaces of the steel balls, the number of the annular positioning grooves is four, the annular positioning grooves are symmetrically arranged on the two second fixing sleeves, the positions of the second fixing sleeves can be locked by arranging the positioning sleeves to be matched with the positioning pins, only the corresponding annular positioning grooves in the second fixing sleeves need to be moved to the positioning pins, and the restriction on the left and right movement of the second fixing sleeves can be realized by, the rotation of the second fixing sleeve is not influenced, and the structure is simple and practical.

(4) The first fixing sleeves are fixedly connected at the left end and the right end of the worm, the first transmission shaft is fixedly connected inside the first fixing sleeves through bolts, the second fixing sleeves are rotatably connected at the front side and the rear side of the shell through bearings, the second transmission shaft is fixedly connected on the inner surface of the second fixing sleeve and positioned outside the shell through bolts, splines are fixedly connected on the surfaces of the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft and positioned inside the first fixing sleeve and the second fixing sleeve, key grooves matched with the splines are formed in the inner surfaces of the first fixing sleeve and the second fixing sleeve, the transmission shafts can be detached, and further after the required transmission shafts are selected, redundant transmission shafts can be detached without occupying too much space and causing troubles to other people or peripheral equipment lines, set up spline and keyway cooperation simultaneously, guaranteed anti-torque capacity when easy to assemble, convenience safe in utilization.

(5) The high-adaptability worm and gear speed reducer with the pin gear shell structure and the casting method thereof are characterized in that an arc-shaped plate is fixedly connected inside a shell and below a worm gear and a pin gear shell, a dirt collecting groove is formed in the bottom of the arc-shaped plate, sewage outlets are formed in the front end and the rear end of the dirt collecting groove and below the front side and the rear side of the shell, rubber plugs are clamped on the inner surface of the sewage outlets, cleaning water outlets are formed in the front side and the rear side of the pin gear shell and inside a tooth socket, a top cover is fixedly connected to the top of the shell through bolts, dovetail grooves in sliding connection with the two sides of the top cover are formed in the left side and the right side of the shell, oil stains can be intensively discharged when in washing by arranging the arc-shaped plate to match with the dirt collecting groove, the inside of the speed reducer can be thoroughly cleaned, the top cover capable of being opened integrally is arranged at the top, meanwhile, the dovetail groove is arranged for limitation, and fixation can be realized only by using two bolts, so that the fixing device is convenient to assemble and disassemble.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a pin gear housing construction of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the worm gear and worm arrangement of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a rear view of the internal structure of the pin housing of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the gear state of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a spline and keyway arrangement of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at A in FIG. 1;

fig. 8 is a partial enlarged view of the invention at B in fig. 5.

In the figure, 1-shell, 2-worm wheel, 3-worm, 4-radiating fin, 5-rotating shaft, 6-central gear, 7-pin gear shell, 8-planetary gear, 9-tooth space, 10-first fixed sleeve, 11-first transmission shaft, 12-second fixed sleeve, 13-second transmission shaft, 14-supporting cover, 15-positioning sleeve, 16-spline, 17-key groove, 18-arc plate, 19-dirt collecting groove, 20-rubber plug, 21-cleaning water outlet, 22-top cover, 23-dovetail groove, 24-positioning pin, 25-steel ball and 26-annular positioning groove.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 8, an embodiment of the present invention provides a technical solution: a high-adaptability worm gear speed reducer with a pin gear shell structure comprises a shell 1, positioning sleeves 15 are fixedly connected to the front side and the rear side of the shell 1 and located outside second fixing sleeves 12, positioning pins 24 are connected to the inner threads of the positioning sleeves 15, one ends of the positioning pins 24 extend to positions between the positioning sleeves 15 and the second fixing sleeves 12, steel balls 25 are rotatably connected to one ends of the positioning pins 24 located inside the positioning sleeves 15, annular positioning grooves 26 are formed in the surfaces of the second fixing sleeves 12 and connected with the surfaces of the steel balls 25 in a rolling mode, the number of the annular positioning grooves 26 is four, the annular positioning grooves 26 are symmetrically arranged on the two second fixing sleeves 12, the positions of the second fixing sleeves 12 can be locked by arranging the positioning sleeves 15 to be matched with the positioning pins 24, only the corresponding annular positioning grooves 26 on the second fixing sleeves 12 need to be moved to the positions of the positioning pins 24, and the steel balls 25 are matched with, the limit of left and right movement of the second fixed sleeve 12 can be realized, the rotation of the second fixed sleeve 12 is not influenced, the structure is simple and practical, the arc plate 18 is fixedly connected in the shell 1 and is positioned below the worm wheel 2 and the pin gear shell 7, the bottom of the arc plate 18 is provided with the sewage collecting groove 19, the sewage outlets are respectively arranged below the front side and the rear side of the shell 1 and at the front end and the rear end of the sewage collecting groove 19, the rubber plugs 20 are clamped on the inner surface of the sewage outlets, the cleaning water outlets 21 are respectively arranged in the front side and the rear side of the pin gear shell 7 and in the tooth socket 9, the top of the shell 1 is fixedly connected with the top cover 22 through bolts, the dovetail grooves 23 which are in sliding connection with the two sides of the top cover 22 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the shell 1, the oil stain during washing can be intensively discharged by arranging the arc plate 18 to be matched with the sewage collecting groove 19, the cleaning and the maintenance of the interior of the equipment are convenient, meanwhile, the dovetail groove 23 is arranged for restriction, the fixation can be realized by only using two bolts, the assembly and the disassembly are convenient, the worm wheel 2 is arranged in the middle of the interior of the shell 1, the worm 3 is rotatably connected on the top of the interior surface of the shell 1, the surface of the worm 3 is meshed with the worm wheel 2, the heat dissipation fins 4 are fixedly connected on the left side and the right side of the shell 1, the heat dissipation fins 4 are welded on the shell 1 after punching, the rotating shaft 5 is fixedly connected at the center of the front of the worm wheel 2, the central gear 6 is fixedly connected at the front end of the rotating shaft 5, the needle gear shell 7 is rotatably connected at the front side of the interior of the shell 1, the needle gear shell 7 is sleeved outside the central gear 6, the arc surface of the needle gear shell 7 is formed by welding a circular plate after bending, the supporting cover 14 is fixedly connected, the center of the supporting cover 14 is rotationally connected with the surface of the rotating shaft 5 through a bearing, the surface of the rotating shaft 5 is slidably connected with the inner surface of the bearing, the two second fixing sleeves 12 and the rotating shaft 5 are arranged in a form of sliding back and forth, when the two second fixing sleeves 12 slide together to the front side, the central gear 6 and the planetary gear 8 can keep transmission, the worm 3 and the worm wheel 2 can be separated, on the basis, the second fixing sleeve 12 on the rear side is pulled back, the central gear 6 and the planetary gear 8 can be separated, the worm 3 and the worm wheel 2 can keep transmission, on the basis, the second fixing sleeve 12 on the front side is pushed back again, the central gear 6 and the planetary gear 8 can be meshed again for transmission, namely, the gear transmission and the worm wheel transmission work simultaneously, three working modes can realize the effect of one belt and one belt, and can be flexibly switched according to different use scenes, the universality is stronger, and can avoid other transmission medium from running simultaneously in one time, the no-load problem is avoided, the surface of the central gear 6 is meshed with the planetary gear 8, the inner surface of the pin gear shell 7 is provided with tooth grooves 9 meshed with the planetary gear 8, the planetary gears 8 are provided with three and evenly distributed outside the central gear 6, the axis of the planetary gear 8 is rotationally connected with the front side of the inner surface of the pin gear shell 7 through a short shaft, the left end and the right end of the worm 3 are fixedly connected with the first fixing sleeve 10, the first fixing sleeve 10 is fixedly connected with the first transmission shaft 11 through a bolt, the surfaces of the first transmission shaft 11 and the second transmission shaft 13 and positioned inside the first fixing sleeve 10 and the second fixing sleeve 12 are fixedly connected with splines 16, and the inner surfaces of the first fixing sleeve 10 and the second fixing sleeve 12 are provided with key grooves 17 matched with the splines 16, the transmission shafts can be detached, and after the required transmission shaft is selected, redundant transmission shafts can be detached, excessive space is not occupied, and troubles to other people or peripheral equipment lines are avoided, meanwhile, the spline 16 and the key groove 17 are arranged to be matched, so that the anti-torque capacity is ensured while the installation is convenient, the use is safe and convenient, the front side and the back side of the shell 1 are rotatably connected with the second fixing sleeve 12 through the bearing, the surface of the second fixing sleeve 12 is in sliding connection with the inner surface of the bearing, one end of the second fixing sleeve 12 penetrates through the shell 1 and extends to the outside of the shell 1, the inner surface of the second fixing sleeve 12 is fixedly connected with the second transmission shaft 13 which is positioned outside the shell 1 through the bolt, shaft parts such as bar stock cutting processing are adopted, one ends of the two second fixing sleeves 12 which are positioned inside the shell 1 are fixedly connected with the front surface of the pin gear shell 7 and the, through on traditional worm wheel 2 and 3 variable speed drive's basis, increase needle tooth shell 7 and planetary gear 8 again, the planet wheel speed change mechanism that sun gear 6 constitutes, and both ends about worm 3, the positive centre of a circle department of needle tooth shell 7 and the centre of a circle department at the worm wheel 2 back all set up transmission shaft 11, make this speed reducer possess multiple speed reduction effect, be connected driving shaft driven shaft and different transmission shaft 11 and can realize different installation effect, and select different transmission shaft 11 also can satisfy the demand of disalignment installation position, more can realize taking one to take more to transmit, strong adaptability.

The invention also discloses a casting method of the high-adaptability worm and gear speed reducer with the pin gear shell structure, which specifically comprises the following steps:

step one, a sand mixing stage: preparing molding sand and core sand for modeling, then putting the old soil and a proper amount of clay into a sand mixer, adding a proper amount of water, and stirring.

Step two, a molding stage: according to the part drawings of the shell 1, the worm wheel 2, the worm 3, the central gear 6 and the planet gear 8, a mould and a core box are manufactured on the parts by using an engraving machine, and the mould manufacturing generally needs 2-10 days.

Step three, a modeling stage: the molding sand is used for forming a cavity of the casting, the core sand is used for manufacturing the internal shape of the casting, namely, a sand core is manufactured, then the sand core is placed into the cavity, the upper sand box and the lower sand box are well combined, whether the sand core is matched with the upper sand box or not is checked, and the sand core is not matched with the upper sand box and the lower sand box, and is finely finished until.

Step four, a smelting stage: chemical components are prepared according to required metal components, an electric furnace with proper specification is selected to melt alloy materials to form qualified liquid metal liquid, and a cupola furnace is generally adopted for smelting or the electric furnace is basically banned at present due to the environmental protection requirement, so that the electric furnace is basically used.

Step five, a pouring stage: molten iron melted in the electric furnace is injected into the manufactured mold at a constant speed by a ladle, the whole cavity is filled with the molten iron, and then the molten iron is cooled, so that the molten iron is dangerous to pour and needs to be paid attention to safety.

Step six, a cleaning stage: after the molten metal is solidified, the sprue is removed by a hammer and the sand of the casting is shaken off, and then sand blasting is performed by using a sand blasting machine.

Step seven, casting inspection: and (4) inspecting the hardness, surface defects and the like of the casting, and performing the next fine machining process on the qualified semi-finished product.

When the gear transmission type fixing device is used, the shell 1 is fixed at a designated position, if the gear transmission mode is selected, the two second fixing sleeves 12 can be slid to the front side together, the annular positioning grooves 26 on the rear sides of the two second fixing sleeves 12 are moved to the positions of the positioning pins 24, then the positioning pins 24 are screwed, the steel balls 25 are clamped into the annular positioning grooves 26, the second fixing sleeves 12 are fixed, at the moment, the central gear 6 is meshed with the planetary gear 8 to keep transmission, and the worm 3 can be separated from the worm wheel 2; if a worm and gear transmission mode is needed, the positioning pin 24 on the rear side can be unscrewed on the basis of the gear transmission mode, then the second fixing sleeve 12 on the rear side is pulled backwards, the annular positioning groove 26 on the front side of the second fixing sleeve is moved to the position of the positioning pin 24, then the positioning pin 24 is screwed down to clamp the second fixing sleeve 12, at the moment, the central gear 6 is separated from the planetary gear 8, and the worm wheel 2 is moved to the bottom of the worm 3 to complete meshing; if gear transmission and worm and gear transmission are required to be carried out simultaneously, the positioning pin 24 on the front side can be unscrewed on the basis of the worm and gear transmission mode, then the second fixing sleeve 12 on the front side is pulled backwards, the annular positioning groove 26 on the front side is moved to the position of the positioning pin 24, then the positioning pin 24 is screwed down to clamp the second fixing sleeve 12 on the front side, at the moment, the planetary gear 8 is meshed with the central gear 6 again, the worm gear 2 and the worm 3 are still meshed, and a driving shaft and a driven shaft of the equipment are connected with corresponding transmission shafts, so that different variable-speed transmission modes can be realized.

When needs are washd inside, pull down the bolt on the top cap 22, then backward roll-off top cap 22, extract rubber buffer 20 again, alright directly wash the interior part of casing 1, sewage is concentrated to in the dirty groove 19 of collection through arc 18, then discharges from the drain.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.