Apparatus for driving compressor and method for mounting apparatus
阅读说明:本技术 用于驱动压缩机的设备和用于安装设备的方法 (Apparatus for driving compressor and method for mounting apparatus ) 是由 贝恩德·贡特曼 大卫·瓦利斯科 斯特凡·海因里希斯 于 2019-06-20 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明涉及一种用于驱动蒸汽状的流体的压缩机的设备,尤其电动机。所述设备具有转子和定子(1),所述转子和定子沿着共同的纵轴线(5)延伸地设置。定子(1)具有构成为线圈(3)的导线(9)的部段的联接线路。在定子(1)的至少一个沿轴向方向定向的端侧的区域中设置有覆盖元件(10),所述覆盖元件以轴向定向的空心柱的形式构成为具有内面(13)和外面(14)。在此,覆盖元件(10)以内面(13)贴靠在绝缘元件(4)上,所述绝缘元件设置在定子(1)上并且具有柱形的壁部。在绝缘元件(4)的壁部的外侧和覆盖元件(10)的内面(13)之间至少设置有导线(9)的联接线路的部段。本发明还涉及一种用于安装所述设备的方法。(The invention relates to a device for driving a compressor of a vaporous fluid, in particular an electric motor. The device has a rotor and a stator (1) which are arranged in an extending manner along a common longitudinal axis (5). The stator (1) has a connection line which is designed as a section of the conductor (9) of the coil (3). A cover element (10) is arranged in the region of at least one end side of the stator (1) oriented in the axial direction, said cover element being designed in the form of an axially oriented hollow cylinder with an inner face (13) and an outer face (14). The inner surface (13) of the cover element (10) is in contact with an insulating element (4) which is arranged on the stator (1) and has a cylindrical wall. At least a section of the connecting line of the conductor (9) is arranged between the outside of the wall of the insulating element (4) and the inner surface (13) of the cover element (10). The invention also relates to a method for installing said device.)
1. A device, in particular an electric motor, for driving a compressor of a vaporous fluid, having a rotor and a stator (1) which are arranged to extend along a common longitudinal axis (5), wherein the stator (1) has a connection line which is designed as a section of a conductor (9) of a coil (3),
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
a cover element (10) is arranged in the region of at least one end side of the stator (1) oriented in the axial direction, said cover element being designed in the form of an axially oriented hollow cylinder having an inner face (13) and an outer face (14), wherein the cover element (10) rests with the inner face (13) on an insulating element (4) which is arranged on the stator (1) and has a cylindrical wall, and at least some sections of the connecting lines of the lines (9) are arranged between the outside of the wall of the insulating element (4) and the inner face (13) of the cover element (10).
2. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the covering element (10) has the shape of a hollow cylinder.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the insulating element (4) is arranged to rest in the radial direction on the inside against an outer wall of the stator core (2), wherein the cylindrical wall of the insulating element (4) is designed as an area protruding from the stator core (2) in the direction of the longitudinal axis (5).
4. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 3,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the insulating element (4) is firmly connected to the stator (1).
5. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 4,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the wall of the insulating element (4) is hollow-cylindrical.
6. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 5,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the cover element (10) rests on the outside of the cylindrical wall of the insulating element (4) on all sides, wherein the diameter of the inner surface (13) of the cover element (10) corresponds to the diameter of the wall of the insulating element (4).
7. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 6,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the outer side of the wall of the insulating element (4) has at least one shaped section (12) which is formed circumferentially around it and is designed as a depression.
8. The apparatus as set forth in claim 7, wherein,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the at least one profile (12) is arranged in a plane oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (5) of the stator (1).
9. The apparatus of claim 7 or 8,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
when at least two profiles (12) are formed, the profiles (12) are each arranged in a plane oriented perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis (5) of the stator (1) and spaced apart from one another.
10. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 9,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the section of the connecting line of the conductor (9) is arranged in such a way that it rests against the outside of the wall of the insulating element (4) and is oriented in a circumferential direction of the wall.
11. The apparatus of any one of claims 7 to 10,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the sections of the connecting lines of the conductors (9) are each arranged so as to be completely integrated within the profile (12).
12. The apparatus of any one of claims 7 to 11,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the covering element (10) is arranged to close each shaped portion (12) with the inner face (13).
13. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 12,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the outer surface (14) of the covering element (10) is oriented in the direction of a housing (11) made of an electrically conductive material.
14. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 13,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the covering element (10) is made of an electrically insulating material.
15. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 14,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the cover element (10) and the insulating element (4) are designed to be connected to one another in a form-fitting manner.
16. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 15,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
at least one flange (15) is formed on the inner surface (13) of the cover element (10).
17. The apparatus as set forth in claim 16, wherein,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the flange (15) has the shape of a rib.
18. The apparatus of claim 16 or 17,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the flange (15) is arranged so as to be oriented in a plane oriented perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis (5) of the stator (1) and is formed on all sides.
19. The apparatus of any one of claims 16 to 18,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the flange (15) and at least one profile (12) formed on the outside of the wall of the insulating element (4) are designed to fit into one another in such a way that the flange (15) is arranged in a meshing manner in the profile (12).
20. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 19,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the cover element (10) has a section of an expansion on the end side oriented toward the stator (1), at least a section of an expansion of the inner surface (13), which has a larger diameter than a section abutting on the wall of the insulating element (4), wherein a transition from the section of the expansion of the cover element (10) to the section having the smaller diameter is formed conically.
21. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 20,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
on the end face of the stator (1) oriented at the distal end in the axial direction with respect to the end face having the cover element (10), a carrier element (6) having at least one receiving element for at least one plug connector housing is provided.
22. A method for installing an apparatus for driving a compressor of a vaporous fluid according to any one of claims 1 to 21, the method comprising the steps of:
-arranging a rotor and a stator (1) on a common longitudinal axis (5), wherein the stator (1) surrounds the rotor in a radial direction;
-arranging a covering element (10) on an end side of a cylindrical wall of an insulating element (4) of the stator (1) oriented in the axial direction, such that an inner face (13) of the covering element (10) abuts on the outside of the wall of the insulating element (4); and
-pushing the wall of the insulating element (4) into the covering element (10) in the axial direction until a flange (15) formed at the inner face (13) of the covering element (10) engages into a formation (12) formed on the outside of the wall of the insulating element (4).
23. The method of claim 22, wherein the first and second portions are selected from the group consisting of,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the cover element (10) is arranged with an end side, which has a section of the enlargement, at least a section of the enlargement of the inner face (13), which has a larger diameter, toward the end side of the cylindrical wall of the insulating element (4), and the cover element (10) is centered on the wall of the insulating element (4) during the process of pushing the wall of the insulating element (4) into the cover element (10) due to the conical transition of the section of the enlargement to the section with the smaller diameter, which forms the inner face (13) of the cover element (10).
24. Use of a device, in particular an electric motor, according to any one of claims 1 to 22 for driving a compressor for compressing vaporous fluids, for using the device in a compressor for a refrigerant in a refrigerant circuit of an air conditioning system of a motor vehicle.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for driving a compressor, in particular an electric motor, for compressing a vaporous fluid, in particular a refrigerant. The compressor may be used in a refrigerant circulation circuit of an air conditioning system of a motor vehicle. The device has a rotor and a stator, which are arranged to extend along a common axis. The stator has connecting lines which are designed as sections of the conductor of the coil.
Background
Compressors known from the prior art for mobile applications, in particular for air conditioning systems of motor vehicles, for delivering refrigerant through a refrigerant circuit, also referred to as refrigerant compressors, are generally designed independently of the refrigerant as piston compressors or as scroll compressors with variable displacement volume. The compressor is driven either via a pulley or electrically.
An electrically driven compressor has, in addition to the electric motor for driving the respective compression mechanism, an inverter for driving the electric motor. The inverter is used to convert the direct current of the vehicle battery into an alternating current, which is supplied to the electric motor via the electrical connection device.
A conventional electric motor of an electrically driven compressor is configured with an annular stator core having coils disposed thereon and a rotor disposed within the stator core. The rotor and the stator are arranged so as to be oriented on a common axis of symmetry or axis of rotation of the rotor and are surrounded by a housing with additional elements, such as seals. In order to reduce the installation space within the motor vehicle on the one hand and to fix the stator in the housing on the other hand, the spacing between the components of the electric motor, in particular between the stator and the housing, is very small.
The inverter has plug terminals for a plug connector, which is designed as a separate component and a pin, for electrical connection to terminals of the electric motor, which in turn are electrically connected to connecting lines of the coils of the stator. The connecting lines are arranged in a guided manner on the end side of the stator core and are usually not covered by the stator insulation toward the housing of the engine. Furthermore, the spacing from the components of the housing is typically very small.
In order to ensure at the same time a high insulation resistance between the electrical connection and the connecting lines of the lines, for example, the connecting lines or lines, also referred to as phase conductors, are electrically insulated from one another and from other electrically conductive components of the stator and of the motor housing. At least some regions of the connecting lines of the individual phases of the electric motor are preferably plastic-insulated as sections of the conductors of the coils, in particular made of lacquered copper wires.
Furthermore, depending on the voltage level, it is necessary to ensure a sufficient insulation spacing between the conductive parts, for example in order to avoid short circuits due to small creepage distances and air gaps. The insulation can also have defective points or holes, in particular pinholes, also referred to as pinholes, which are based on the manufacturing process and significantly reduce the insulation resistance, so that in particular the risk of arcing of the housing parts increases. Depending on the quality of the lacquered copper wire, a specific maximum number of defect sites per unit length is allowed. The risk of arcing between the copper wires is very great if two of the copper wires each having a defect site are arranged side by side and the defect sites are located directly opposite or at least in close proximity.
In the case of prior art electric motors of electrically driven compressors, in order to achieve the required insulation distance or insulation distance, either a sufficiently large spacing is provided between the connecting lines of the lines and the other electrically conductive components of the compressor, or the regions of the connecting lines of the lines which are too small in distance from the other electrically conductive components are completely encapsulated. By means of encapsulation of the connecting lines, a smaller spacing between the connecting lines of the lines and the other electrically conductive components of the compressor is permitted in relation to the voltage situation than if the connecting lines were not encapsulated.
In the case of engines with unencapsulated connecting lines, a large installation space is required for the engine and thus also for the electrically driven compressor, whereas in the case of engines with encapsulated connecting lines, an additional step of encapsulation and an additional curing time of the encapsulating material are required in the production.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the invention is to provide and improve a device for driving an electrically driven compressor of a vaporous fluid, in particular an electric motor. In this case, in particular the wires or the connecting lines of the wires should be electrically insulated from one another and from the surrounding electrically conductive components. The device should be simple to install and thus save time, have the smallest possible number of individual parts and components, and be simple to implement in terms of construction, for example, in order to minimize the weight and space requirements and the costs of production.
The object is achieved by the subject matter having the features of the invention. The modifications are given in the following description.
The object is achieved by the device according to the invention for driving a compressor of a vaporous fluid, in particular an electric motor. The apparatus has a rotor and a non-movable stator, which extend along a common longitudinal axis. The stator has connecting lines of sections of the conductor lines which are formed as coils and is advantageously positioned in a circumferential manner around the rotor on the outside of the rotor in the radial direction.
The wire in the region of the coil is advantageously made of a lacquered and wound copper wire, wherein the unwound ends of the wire emerge from the respective turns as connecting lines and magnetically inactive sections of the wire. The first part of the connecting lines, which serves, for example, as a connecting line for connecting and connecting the coils of the same phase, is designed in a manner similar to the wires in the region of the coils, with only varnish insulation, while the second part of the connecting lines, which is provided, for example, for electrical connection to a terminal of the electric motor, is preferably additionally insulated in a plastic-coated manner.
According to the inventive concept, a cover element is provided in the region of at least one end side of the stator oriented in the axial direction, said cover element having the shape of an axially oriented hollow cylinder having an inner face and an outer face. The cover element is in this case attached at the inside against an insulating element which is arranged on the stator and has a cylindrical wall. At least some sections of the connecting lines of the wires of the coil, in particular lacquer-insulated connecting lines, are arranged between the outer side of the wall of the insulating element and the inner face of the covering element.
The axial direction is understood here to be the direction of the longitudinal axis of the stator, which also corresponds to the rotational axis and the longitudinal axis of the rotor. The end faces oriented in the axial direction are arranged in a plane oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
The covering element advantageously has the shape of a hollow cylinder and is preferably designed as a closed ring.
According to a development of the invention, the insulating element is arranged to abut against the outer wall of the stator core internally in the radial direction. The cylindrical wall of the insulating element is formed as a region which projects from the stator core in the direction of the longitudinal axis. The insulating member can be firmly connected with the stator core.
The wall of the insulating element is preferably of hollow-cylindrical, in particular hollow-cylindrical, design.
The cover element advantageously bears on all sides against the outside of the cylindrical wall of the insulating element. The diameter of the inner face of the cover element can correspond to the diameter, in particular the outer diameter, of the wall of the insulating element.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the outer side of the wall of the insulating element has at least one profile which surrounds in the circumferential direction and is designed as a depression, in particular a groove.
The at least one formation within the wall of the insulating element is preferably arranged in a plane oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stator.
In the case of at least two shapes formed within the wall of the insulating element, the shapes are preferably each arranged in a plane oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stator and spaced apart from one another.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the section of the connecting line of the line conductor is arranged in such a way that it lies against the outside of the wall of the insulating element and is oriented so as to extend in the circumferential direction of the wall.
In this case, a section of the connecting line of the line is advantageously provided so as to be completely integrated into the profile formed in the wall of the insulating element. A complete integration is to be understood as an arrangement of the connecting lines of the wires in the form part in which the wires are embedded in the form part with the entire diameter. The wire does not protrude from the forming section at any position. The maximum diameter of the wire is smaller than or corresponds to the depth of the form.
The cover element is preferably provided to enclose internally each shaped portion formed in the wall of the insulating element.
The outer face of the cover element is preferably oriented in the direction of the housing made of electrically conductive material.
The cover element is advantageously made of an electrically insulating material. The cover element provided on the insulating element of the stator is thereby provided in particular for ensuring the required insulation distance.
According to a further development of the invention, the cover element and the insulating element can be connected to one another in a form-fitting manner.
At least one flange, which may have the shape of a rib, is preferably provided on the inner face of the cover element.
Another advantage of the invention is that the flange is arranged in an oriented manner in a plane oriented perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the stator and is formed all around.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the flange projecting from the inner face of the cover element and the at least one profile formed on the outer side of the wall of the insulating element are designed to fit into one another in such a way that the flange is arranged to engage in the profile.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the cover element has a section of the enlargement on the end side oriented toward the stator, at least a section of the inner enlargement, which has a larger diameter than the section abutting against the wall of the insulating element. In this case, the transition from the section of the expansion to the section of the cover element having the smaller diameter is formed conically.
Furthermore, a carrier element having at least one receiving element for at least one connector housing is provided on the end face of the stator which is oriented distally in the axial direction with respect to the end face having the cover element.
The object is also achieved by the method according to the invention for installing a device, in particular an electric motor, for driving a compressor of a vaporous fluid. The method comprises the following steps:
-arranging the rotor and the stator on a common longitudinal axis, wherein the stator surrounds the rotor in a radial direction;
-arranging a cover element on an end side of the cylindrical wall of the insulating element of the stator, oriented in the axial direction, such that an inner face of the cover element abuts on an outer side of the wall of the insulating element; and
the wall of the insulating element is pushed into the covering element in the axial direction until the flange formed at the inner face of the covering element engages into the formation formed on the outer side of the wall of the insulating element.
According to a further development of the invention, the lower end side of the cover element is arranged toward the end side of the cylindrical wall of the insulating element, wherein the end side has a section of the enlargement, at least a section of the enlargement of the inner face, which has a larger diameter than the remaining cover elements. During the process of pushing the wall of the insulating element into the cover element, the cover element is centered on the wall of the insulating element due to the conical transition from the section of the enlargement to the section with the smaller diameter, which constitutes the inner face of the cover element.
A particular advantage of the invention is also that the cover element does not have a fixed angular position relative to the stator core and relative to the insulating element, which enables a simple mounting.
The advantageous configuration of the invention makes it possible to: use of a device for driving a compressor for compressing a vaporous fluid, in particular an electric motor, for a compressor for a refrigerant in a refrigerant circuit of an air conditioning system of a motor vehicle.
The device for driving a compressor of a vaporous fluid and the method for mounting the device according to the invention have in general a number of other advantages:
simple mounting and fixing of the covering element on the insulating element of the stator core, while the connecting lines of the wires are electrically insulated as good as possible;
reduced space requirements and increased insulation resistance in relation to the voltage situation, since no separate encapsulation is required, for example for insulation, which also reduces the hardening time during installation;
by ensuring the required insulation spacing according to the voltage conditions, short-circuit currents between the wires and other electrically conductive passive components are avoided;
reduction of the rejection rate in manufacturing due to too low insulation resistance, resulting in minimized costs; and
maximizing the service life of the compressor.
By means of a simple assembly step of the cover element, the particularly non-magnetically active connections between the coils or the lines, particularly the connecting lines of the lines, are completely covered in order to increase the insulation distance and thus the insulation resistance. At the same time, the end face of the stator oriented toward the housing of the engine is mechanically reinforced, which advantageously acts on the contraction process of the stator in the housing.
Drawings
Further details, features and advantages of the design of the invention emerge from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawings. The figures show:
fig. 1 shows in a perspective view a stator of an electric motor as a device for driving a compressor of a vaporous fluid, said stator having a stator core, a coil, an insulating element, a carrier element arranged on a first end side and a cover element arranged on a second end side;
fig. 2a and 2b each show a perspective view of a stator with a cover element arranged on the second end side; and
fig. 3a and 3b each show a detail view of a second end face of a stator arranged in the housing, without and with a cover element, in a sectional view.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a
The electric motor, for example, an alternating current motor having three phases, has a rotor, not shown, and a
The
The regions of the centering
The
The insulating
The connecting lines of the
In the mounted state of the
An
Fig. 2a and 2b each show a perspective view of a
The
The sections of the paint-insulated
The non-magnetically active sections of the
By means of the
Fig. 3a and 3b each show a detail view of the
The insulating
The non-magnetically active and unwound sections of the
Depending on the voltage conditions of the engine, a corresponding distance, also referred to as the insulation distance A1a, A1b, A2a, A2b, must be compliantly adhered to between the
The second insulation distance A1b, A2b is derived from a comparison of fig. 3a and 3b by providing an increase in the
The insulating
The
The
In order to simplify the mounting of the
During the assembly of the compressor, in particular of the electric motor, in particular of the
In addition to increasing the insulation resistance within the motor-driven compressor, the arrangement of the
List of reference numerals
1 stator
2 stator core
3 coil
4 insulating element
5 longitudinal axis
6 bearing element
7 first end side
8 second end side
9 conducting wire
10 cover element
11 casing
12 formed part, accommodation area
13 inner face
14 outside
15 Flange
A1a, A2a first insulation distance
A1b, A2b second insulation spacing
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