阅读说明：本技术 一种用于深孔的气动型全自动打磨设备 (Pneumatic full-automatic polishing equipment for deep holes ) 是由 许佳元 贝晨吉 陈翔 于 2019-10-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种用于全自动深孔打磨船用柴油机大型零部件的加工设备,实现全自动化深孔打磨,其特征在于：由气动控制系统,支撑部件,打磨部件和机架部件组成的设备,整套设备可实现船用柴油机大型零部件的全自动化深孔打磨；气动控制系统是整套设备集动力、控制、动作的核心部分,在深孔打磨的过程中,双向气动马达负责控制打磨杆的前后往复运动,打磨杆前端的单向气动马达负责驱动打磨头进行深孔打磨,各类型阀件和气动计数器组成的气动系统负责实现全自动化深孔打磨；支撑部件能有效防止深孔打磨中的卡刀、打磨不均匀现象,支撑部件和打磨杆部件安置于机架部件上；机架部件作为整套设备的基础,所有的元件和零部件均固定于此。本发明结构简单,成本低廉,操作便捷,安全可靠。(The utility model provides a processing equipment that is used for full-automatic deep hole to polish large-scale spare part of marine diesel engine, realizes full automatization deep hole and polishes its characterized in that: the full-automatic deep hole polishing device comprises a pneumatic control system, a supporting component, a polishing component and a rack component, and the full-automatic deep hole polishing of large parts of the marine diesel engine can be realized by the whole device; the pneumatic control system is a core part of the whole set of equipment integrating power, control and action, in the deep hole polishing process, the bidirectional pneumatic motor is responsible for controlling the front-back reciprocating motion of the polishing rod, the one-way pneumatic motor at the front end of the polishing rod is responsible for driving the polishing head to polish the deep hole, and the pneumatic system consisting of various types of valves and a pneumatic counter is responsible for realizing full-automatic deep hole polishing; the supporting component can effectively prevent the phenomena of cutter clamping and uneven polishing in deep hole polishing, and the supporting component and the polishing rod component are arranged on the rack component; the frame part serves as the basis for the entire installation, to which all components and parts are fixed. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, convenient operation, safety and reliability.)

1. The utility model provides a full-automatic equipment of polishing of pneumatic type for deep hole which characterized in that: the pneumatic full-automatic grinding equipment comprises a pneumatic control system, a supporting component, a grinding component and a rack component;

the rack part is the foundation of the whole equipment, can be movably arranged on the ground and has adjustable height;

the supporting component is a flexible support and is fixedly connected to the rack component;

the polishing component is a detachable component, is flexibly supported on the supporting component and can move back and forth on the supporting component along the axial direction, and comprises a polishing rod, a polishing head, a front limiting block and a rear limiting block, wherein the polishing rod is a hollow long pipe, the front limiting block and the rear limiting block are respectively arranged at the front part and the rear part of the polishing rod, the positions of the front limiting block and the rear limiting block can be adjusted to realize the adjustment of the polishing stroke, the polishing head is connected to the front end of the polishing rod through threads and extends into the inner cavity of the deep hole for polishing, and the rear end of the polishing rod is provided with a threaded interface connected with the pneumatic control system;

the pneumatic control system is a core part integrating power and control functions and is fixed above the rack component, the pneumatic control system is connected with the polishing head and drives the polishing head to perform rotary grinding motion, and is simultaneously connected with the supporting component and drives the polishing component to perform linear reciprocating feeding motion in a range between the front limiting block and the rear limiting block through the supporting component, and the pneumatic control system controls the reciprocating feeding motion circulation of the polishing component according to the internally set times;

the pneumatic control system drives and controls the grinding component, and the full-automatic grinding of the preset circulation of the deep hole is realized under the flexible support of the supporting component.

2. A pneumatic type full automatic grinding apparatus for deep holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pneumatic control system is connected to an air source and comprises a one-way pneumatic motor, a two-way pneumatic motor, a pneumatic triple piece, a manual control valve, a pneumatic control valve, a reversing valve, two speed regulating valves, a front machine control valve, a rear machine control valve and a pneumatic counter, wherein the air source is sequentially connected with the pneumatic triple piece, the manual control valve, the pneumatic control valve and the reversing valve;

in the polishing process of the deep hole, when the polishing rod forwards enables the front limiting block to touch the front machine control valve, the reversing valve is switched to act to control the polishing rod to move backwards in a reverse direction, when the rear limiting block touches the rear machine control valve, the reversing valve is switched again to reset to control the polishing rod to move forwards in a forward direction, meanwhile, the pneumatic counter counts once, the polishing rod repeatedly and circularly polishes the deep hole until the number of circulating times reaches the number set in the pneumatic counter, and the pneumatic control valve is disconnected from the pneumatic control system, so that the full-automatic polishing operation of the deep hole is completed.

3. A pneumatic type full automatic grinding apparatus for deep holes according to claim 2, characterized in that: the supporting component comprises three flexible supporting components and a rigid driving wheel, each flexible supporting component comprises an elastic vibration isolator and a supporting wheel which are connected with each other, wherein the two flexible supporting components are fixed on the frame component at the upper and lower positions corresponding to the supporting wheels and clamp the grinding rod between the supporting wheels of the two flexible supporting components, the other flexible supporting component and the rigid driving wheel are fixed on the frame component at the upper and lower positions, the support wheel of the flexible support assembly is opposite to the rigid drive wheel and the grinding rod is clamped between the support wheel of the flexible support assembly and the rigid drive wheel, the three flexible supporting components form flexible support for the grinding rod through the elastic vibration isolators, the rigid driving wheel is connected with the bidirectional pneumatic motor through a synchronous belt wheel, and the grinding rod is pushed to move linearly back and forth under the driving of the bidirectional pneumatic motor.

4. A pneumatic type full automatic grinding apparatus for deep holes according to claim 3, characterized in that: the periphery of the supporting wheel and the periphery of the rigid driving wheel are provided with V-shaped grooves for clamping the grinding rod.

5. A pneumatic type full automatic grinding apparatus for deep holes according to claim 2, characterized in that: the bidirectional pneumatic motor is a piston type pneumatic speed reducing motor, the drilling speed of the unidirectional pneumatic motor is 700r/min, and the torque is 5.4N M.

6. A pneumatic type full automatic grinding apparatus for deep holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the frame part include casing, lead screw, base and truckle, the base includes the upper steel plate of horizontally and lower steel sheet, the lead screw is connected perpendicularly between this upper steel plate and lower steel sheet and can be adjusted go up the distance between steel sheet and the lower steel sheet to constitute the height adjustment mechanism of whole platform equipment, the truckle connect in lower below the steel sheet in order to realize the removal of equipment, the casing is the square tubular member that link up from beginning to end, fixed connection in the top of going up the steel sheet, pneumatic control system is fixed in the periphery of this casing.

7. A pneumatic type full automatic grinding apparatus for deep holes according to claim 6, characterized in that: the lead screw be trapezoidal lead screw, the truckle is the truckle that can brake.

Technical Field

The invention relates to machining equipment for large parts of a marine diesel engine, in particular to pneumatic full-automatic polishing equipment for deep holes, and belongs to the technical field of marine diesel engine manufacturing.

Background

The grinding equipment is mainly used for removing the defects of burrs, flashes and the like generated after parts are machined. The marine diesel engine is provided with a plurality of large parts, such as connecting rods, pistons and the like, and the structure of the marine diesel engine is provided with a plurality of deep holes, so that burrs and the like left in the deep holes need to be polished and removed after machining is finished.

Deep hole equipment of polishing divide into full-automatic and semi-automatic two kinds. The semi-automatic deep hole polishing equipment adopts a pneumatic control mode, and has the defects that on one hand, because manual operation is needed, a large amount of dust particles generated during polishing can directly damage human bodies, and therefore, although a mask can isolate partial harmful substances, irreversible damage can be generated on human health after long-term use; on the other hand, the semi-automatic form makes the work efficiency not high. The full-automatic deep hole polishing equipment is mainly controlled in a gas-electric hybrid mode, a polishing rod of the full-automatic deep hole polishing equipment adopts a fixed supporting structure, is driven to feed through a gear rack, and simultaneously realizes the cyclic polishing process of the deep hole through a proximity switch and a counter; the full automatization deep hole equipment of polishing's defect lies in, at first the mixed control mode of gas-electricity has caused the power consumption potential safety hazard in the use, and secondly rack and pinion feed mechanism can cause the cost promotion and the assembly difficulty of equipment, and the rigid structure of fixed stay can cause the card sword of the in-process of polishing moreover, polish phenomenons such as inhomogeneous.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects of the full-automatic deep hole polishing equipment and providing pneumatic full-automatic polishing equipment for deep holes, wherein a full-pneumatic control system is adopted to realize full-automatic deep hole polishing of large parts such as connecting rods, piston rods and the like, so that the aims of improving the operation efficiency, avoiding potential safety hazards, improving the product quality and simplifying the equipment structure are fulfilled.

Based on the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a pneumatic full-automatic grinding device for deep holes comprises a pneumatic control system, a supporting component, a grinding component and a rack component;

the rack part is the foundation of the whole equipment, can be movably arranged on the ground and has adjustable height;

the supporting component is a flexible supporting system and is fixedly connected to the rack component;

the polishing component is a detachable component, is flexibly supported on the supporting component and can move back and forth on the supporting component along the axial direction, and comprises a polishing rod, a polishing head, a front limiting block and a rear limiting block, wherein the polishing rod is a hollow long pipe, the front limiting block and the rear limiting block are respectively arranged at the front part and the rear part of the polishing rod, the positions of the front limiting block and the rear limiting block can be adjusted to realize the adjustment of the polishing stroke, the polishing head is connected to the front end of the polishing rod through threads and extends into the inner cavity of the deep hole for polishing, and the rear end of the polishing rod is provided with a threaded interface connected with the pneumatic control system;

the pneumatic control system is a core part integrating power and control functions and is fixed on the rack component, the pneumatic control system is connected with the polishing head and drives the polishing head to perform rotary grinding motion, and is simultaneously connected with the supporting component and drives the polishing component to perform linear reciprocating feeding motion in the range between the front limiting block and the rear limiting block through the supporting component, and the pneumatic control system controls the reciprocating feeding motion circulation of the polishing component according to the internally set times;

the pneumatic control system drives and controls the grinding component, and the full-automatic grinding of the preset circulation of the deep hole is realized under the flexible support of the supporting component.

As a further improvement, the pneumatic control system is connected to an air source and comprises a one-way pneumatic motor, a two-way pneumatic motor, a pneumatic triple piece, a manual control valve, a pneumatic control valve, a reversing valve, two speed regulating valves, a front machine control valve, a rear machine control valve and a pneumatic counter, wherein the air source is sequentially connected with the pneumatic triple piece, the manual control valve, the pneumatic control valve and the reversing valve;

in the polishing process of the deep hole, when the polishing rod forwards enables the front limiting block to touch the front machine control valve, the reversing valve is switched to act to control the polishing rod to move backwards in a reverse direction, when the rear limiting block touches the rear machine control valve, the reversing valve is switched again to reset to control the polishing rod to move forwards in a forward direction, meanwhile, the pneumatic counter counts once, the polishing rod repeatedly and circularly polishes the deep hole until the number of circulating times reaches the number set in the pneumatic counter, and the pneumatic control valve is disconnected from the pneumatic control system, so that the full-automatic polishing operation of the deep hole is completed.

As a further improvement, the supporting component comprises three flexible supporting components and a rigid driving wheel, each flexible supporting component comprises an elastic vibration isolator and a supporting wheel which are connected with each other, wherein, the two flexible supporting components are fixed on the frame component at the upper and lower positions relative to the supporting wheels and clamp the grinding rod between the supporting wheels of the two flexible supporting components, the other flexible supporting component and the rigid driving wheel are fixed on the frame component at the upper and lower positions, the supporting wheel of the flexible supporting component is opposite to the rigid driving wheel and clamp the grinding rod between the supporting wheel of the flexible supporting component and the rigid driving wheel, the three flexible supporting components flexibly support the grinding rod through the elastic vibration isolators, and the rigid driving wheel is connected with the bidirectional pneumatic motor through a synchronous belt wheel, and the grinding rod is pushed to move linearly back and forth under the driving of the bidirectional pneumatic motor.

As a further improvement, the periphery of the supporting wheel and the periphery of the rigid driving wheel are provided with V-shaped grooves for clamping the grinding rod.

As a further improvement, the bidirectional pneumatic motor is a piston type pneumatic speed reducing motor, the drilling speed of the unidirectional pneumatic motor is 700r/min, and the torque is 5.4N M.

As a further improvement, the rack component includes a housing, a screw rod, a base and casters, the base includes a horizontal upper steel plate and a horizontal lower steel plate, the screw rod is vertically connected between the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate and can adjust the distance between the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate, so as to form a height adjusting mechanism of the whole equipment, the casters are connected to the lower surface of the lower steel plate to realize the movement of the equipment, the housing is a square cylindrical rod member penetrating from front to back and fixedly connected above the upper steel plate, and the pneumatic control system is fixed to the periphery of the housing.

As a further improvement, the screw rod is a trapezoidal screw rod, and the caster is a caster capable of braking.

Compared with the existing full-automatic deep hole polishing equipment with gas-electric hybrid control, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention adopts pneumatic control, avoids the hidden trouble of electricity utilization and improves the safety of production.

2. The invention realizes the full-automatic grinding operation of the deep hole of the large part, improves the efficiency of the grinding operation, lightens the labor intensity, can carry out the operation of one person with multiple machines and obtains good economic benefit.

3. The pneumatic full-automatic polishing equipment adopts a flexible supporting system, so that the phenomena of cutter clamping, uneven grinding and the like in the polishing process are avoided, the deep hole polishing quality is improved, and the product quality is improved.

4. Pneumatic type full-automatic equipment of polishing can carry out the adjustment of deep hole cycle number of polishing according to actual conditions, provides the guarantee for improving the quality of polishing.

5. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient manufacture, low cost, convenient operation, safety, reliability, convenient maintenance and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic view of a flexible support member and a grinding member.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pneumatic control system.

In the figure, the position of the upper end of the main shaft,

1-pneumatic triple piece, 2-manual valve, 3-pneumatic control valve, 4-reversing valve, 5-speed regulating valve, 6-speed regulating valve, 7-two-way pneumatic motor, 8-one-way pneumatic motor, 9-front mechanical control valve, 10-rear mechanical control valve, 11-pneumatic counter, 21-flexible supporting component, 211-elastic vibration isolator, 212-supporting wheel, 22-rigid driving wheel, 31-polishing rod, 32-polishing head, 33-front limiting block, 34-rear limiting block, 41-shell, 42-base, 43-lead screw and 44-caster.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples described below.

The pneumatic full-automatic polishing equipment for the deep hole can realize full-automatic deep hole polishing of large parts such as connecting rods and piston rods, and comprises a pneumatic control system, a supporting part, a polishing part and a rack part.

The frame part is used as the foundation of the whole set of equipment, all elements and parts on the supporting part, the pneumatic control system and the polishing part are fixed on the frame part, the height of the frame part in the vertical direction is adjusted by adopting a trapezoidal screw rod, and the field changing movement of the equipment is realized by adopting trundles.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the frame member mainly includes a housing 41 and a vertical adjusting mechanism, and has a simple structure, easy maintenance and replacement, and simple and safe use. The vertical adjusting mechanism is composed of a base 42, a screw rod 43 and a caster 44. Base 42 includes the upper steel plate of horizontally and lower steel plate, and the size of upper steel plate is based on the size of casing 41, attacks corresponding screw hole in order to reach the cooperation installation with the flange, and the upper steel plate adopts the mode of screw thread hookup to link together through four square steel stands and casing 41, and the size of lower steel plate is similar with the upper steel plate size, attacks corresponding screw thread simultaneously in order to reach the cooperation installation with truckle 44. The screw 43 is a trapezoidal screw, is vertically connected between the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate, and can adjust the distance between the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate. The selected type of caster 44 is a medium polyurethane brake caster, which can bear medium-sized loads and has a brake that ensures that the equipment does not deflect during use. Casing 41 is the square tubular member that link up from beginning to end, fixed connection in the top of last steel sheet, and casing 41's structural design is based on the pneumatic element of support component and lectotype, and its four faces are equipped with not unidimensional screw thread and hole to reach the purpose of fixed element and spare part, and all pneumatic control elements of pneumatic control system are fixed to casing 41's top, and the pneumatic motor is fixed on the right side, and the fixed spacing mounting panel in left side, below are connected with vertical adjustment mechanism.

The grinding component is used as an executing component for deep hole grinding, is flexibly supported on the supporting component and can move back and forth on the supporting component along the axial direction; the grinding component and the supporting component cooperate with each other to realize the grinding of the deep hole area. The grinding component is detachable and can be detached according to actual use conditions, so that the field changing is more convenient to use, and the occupied space of the field is reduced. The front end of the polishing component adopts a pneumatic motor to drive the polishing head to rotate for deep hole polishing, the structure is simple, and two limit positions arranged on the polishing rod can realize the deep hole polishing circulation.

Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the polishing member mainly includes a polishing rod 31 and a polishing head 32; the polishing rod 31 is a hollow long pipe, the front end and the rear end of the polishing rod are respectively provided with a pipe thread interface which is respectively connected with the polishing head 32 and an air pipe of a pneumatic control system, and a front limiting block 33 and a rear limiting block 34 which are arranged at the front part and the rear part of the polishing rod 31 can realize the stroke adjustment of deep hole polishing; the polishing component adopts the pneumatic motor to drive the polishing head 32 to rotate for deep hole polishing, the polishing head 32 adopts a common truss polishing head form on the market, the truss polishing head can be replaced according to the size of an actual processing hole, and the truss polishing device is simple in structure, good in polishing effect and convenient and safe to use.

The supporting component is flexible braced system, and fixed connection is on the frame part, and this supporting component is as the essential element of complete sets of equipment, mainly solves the card sword in the deep hole is polished, polish inhomogeneous scheduling problem, compares with the rigidity support, the phenomenon of deep hole in-process card sword of polishing can not appear to whole mechanism can carry out the position of adjusting by oneself head 32 of polishing according to actual conditions, and the effect of polishing is better moreover.

Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the support member includes three flexible support members 21 and a rigid drive wheel 22, all fixedly mounted within a housing 41 of the frame member. The flexible support assembly 21 is mainly composed of a spring vibration isolator 211 and a support wheel 212 which are connected with each other; the size of the support wheel 212 is determined according to the selected spring vibration isolator 211, the size of the wheel shaft is set according to the size of the support wheel 212, the bearing and the coupling are selected, and the thickness of the adjusting plate is configured according to the height of the flexible support component 21 so as to meet the actual use requirement. The front part of the shell 41 is provided with an upper flexible supporting component 21 and a lower flexible supporting component 21 respectively, the upper flexible supporting component and the lower flexible supporting component are positioned to enable the supporting wheels 212 to be opposite up and down, and the grinding rod 31 is clamped between the supporting wheels 212 of the two flexible supporting components 21; a group of flexible supporting components 21 are arranged above the rear part, a rigid driving wheel 22 is arranged below the rear part, a supporting wheel 212 of the flexible supporting components 21 is opposite to the rigid driving wheel 22, the grinding rod 31 is clamped between the supporting wheel 212 and the rigid driving wheel 22, and V-shaped grooves for clamping the grinding rod 31 are formed in the periphery of the supporting wheel 212 and the periphery of the rigid driving wheel 22; the three flexible support assemblies 21 flexibly support the grinding rod 31 through the elastic vibration isolators 211. The rigid driving wheel 22 is connected with a bidirectional pneumatic motor 7 of a pneumatic control system, and drives the grinding rod 31 to move back and forth in a linear motion under the driving of the bidirectional pneumatic motor 7.

The pneumatic control system is used as the core of the whole set of equipment and integrates power, control and action into a whole; the pneumatic control system is fixed on the shell 41 of the frame component, is a key component for realizing deep hole grinding circulation, and drives the advancing and retreating feed motion of the grinding rod 31, the rotary grinding motion of the grinding head 32 and the circular grinding. The pneumatic control system drives and controls the grinding component, and the full-automatic grinding of the preset circulation of the deep hole is realized under the flexible support of the supporting component.

Specifically, referring to fig. 3, the pneumatic control system is connected to an air source, and mainly comprises a reciprocating feeding control loop, a circulation control loop, and a pneumatic counter 11.

The pneumatic control system comprises a one-way pneumatic motor 8, a two-way pneumatic motor 7, a pneumatic triple piece 1, a manual control valve 2, a pneumatic control valve 3, a reversing valve 4, two speed regulating valves 5 and 6, a front machine control valve 9, a rear machine control valve 10 and a pneumatic counter 11. The air source is sequentially connected with a pneumatic triple piece 1, a manual control valve 2, an air control valve 3 and a reversing valve 4; the drilling speed of the one-way pneumatic motor 8 is as high as 700r/min, and the torque is 5.4N M; the manual control valve 2 has the same function as the button and plays a role in controlling the start and stop of the equipment. The one-way pneumatic motor 8 is respectively connected with the manual valve 2 and a polishing head 32 of the polishing component, and drives the polishing head 32 to rotate to polish the deep hole; the bidirectional pneumatic motor 7 is a piston type pneumatic speed reducing motor, is connected with the reversing valve 4 through the two speed regulating valves 5 and 6, is connected with the rigid driving wheel 22 of the supporting part through a synchronous belt wheel, and is responsible for driving the grinding rod 31 to move back and forth; the front machine control valve 9 and the rear machine control valve 10 are connected with the reversing valve 4 to form a reciprocating feeding control loop, and the pneumatic counter 11 is connected with the pneumatic control valve 3 to form a circulating control loop.

In the deep hole polishing process, the pneumatic control system forms a forward motion loop, when the polishing rod 31 moves forward, the front limiting block 33 touches the limiting of the front machine control valve 9, the reversing valve 4 acts, and a reverse motion loop is formed, so that the polishing rod 31 moves reversely; when the rear limiting block 34 is in contact with the limiting of the rear mechanical control valve 10, the reversing valve 4 is reset, the whole circuit is reset to be a forward motion circuit, and the grinding rod 31 is controlled to move forward; meanwhile, the number of times is recorded through the pneumatic counter 11, the polishing rod 31 performs cyclic deep hole polishing through the reciprocating action, when the number of times of the cycle reaches the set value of the number of times of the pneumatic counter 11, the pneumatic control valve 3 is disconnected, and the whole deep hole polishing process is finished.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: pressing a starting button (a manual control valve 2), rotating a polishing head 32, moving a polishing rod 31 back and forth, and polishing a deep hole by the equipment; when the grinding rod 31 moves forwards until the grinding rod touches the front machine control valve 9 for limiting, the grinding rod moves reversely until the grinding rod touches the rear machine control valve 10 for limiting, the grinding rod moves forwards again, the reciprocating circulation is carried out in such a way, and the deep hole grinding is stopped until the circulation frequency reaches a set value.

In conclusion, the pneumatic full-automatic grinding equipment for the deep hole has the advantages of simple structure principle and convenience in use and maintenance, effectively achieves the purpose of full-automatic pneumatic deep hole grinding, has higher practicability, shortens the grinding time of a product, and improves the production efficiency.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. That is, all equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention.