阅读说明：本技术 防失效新型阻尼器及安装方法 (Novel anti-failure damper and installation method ) 是由 刘爽 薛齐文 赵旭宝 于 2019-09-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及轨道交通列车或车列线路尽头安全防护技术领域,具体而言,尤其涉及大编组列车及高速列车的安全防护用阻尼器结构。本发明箱体是由两个结构对称的半箱体组成：两个半箱体合并后上部形成一个底部开放的完整腔体,下部形成一个与钢轨头和钢轨腰截面形状相同的安装槽体；半箱体的安装腔体侧壁上开有至少一个水平设置的螺孔；偏心体螺栓为中部带有偏心体的长螺栓,螺栓两端带有的固定螺纹为正反螺纹结构；螺母落于偏心体螺栓两端的固定螺纹上,用于箱体的安装固定夹紧；摩擦片为长条形片状结构.本发明的技术方案解决了现有技术中的：1、滑行一定距离后,阻尼器失效；2、阻尼器数量偏多、增加预算；3、设备笨重、安装不便等问题。(The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit train or train line end safety protection, in particular to a damper structure for safety protection of large marshalling trains and high-speed trains. The box body of the invention is composed of two half box bodies with symmetrical structures: after the two half boxes are combined, the upper part forms a complete cavity with an open bottom, and the lower part forms an installation groove body with the same shape as the cross sections of the rail head and the rail waist; at least one screw hole which is horizontally arranged is formed in the side wall of the installation cavity of the half box body; the eccentric body bolt is a long bolt with an eccentric body in the middle, and the fixed threads at the two ends of the bolt are of a positive and negative thread structure; the nut falls on the fixed thread at the two ends of the bolt of the eccentric body and is used for installing, fixing and clamping the box body; the friction plate is of a strip-shaped sheet structure, and the technical scheme of the invention solves the problems in the prior art that: 1. after sliding for a certain distance, the damper fails; 2. the number of dampers is large, and budget is increased; 3. heavy equipment, inconvenient installation and the like.)

1. a novel damper for preventing failure is characterized in that the damper comprises: the device comprises a box body (1), an eccentric body bolt (2), a nut (3) and a friction plate (5);

the box body (1) is composed of two half box bodies (11) with symmetrical structures: the inner side of the upper part of the half box body (11) is provided with an installation cavity (7), the inner side of the lower part is provided with an installation groove (13), and the bottom part forms a clamping table (12); after the two half boxes (11) are combined, the upper part forms a complete cavity with an open bottom, and the lower part forms an installation groove body with the same cross section shape as the rail head (4) and the rail waist (6); at least one screw hole (14) which is horizontally arranged is formed on the side wall of the mounting cavity (7) of the half box body (11);

The eccentric body bolt (2) is a long bolt with an eccentric body (21) in the middle, the two ends of the bolt are provided with fixed threads, and the fixed threads at the two ends are of a positive and negative thread structure, so that transverse failure is prevented;

The nut (3) falls on the fixed threads at the two ends of the eccentric body bolt (2) and is used for installing, fixing and clamping the box body;

The friction plate (5) is of a strip-shaped sheet structure.

2. The novel failure-prevention damper as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the friction plate (5) is greater than the height of a gap between the upper end surface of the mounting groove (13) and the upper end surface of the rail head (4) after the box body (1) is mounted on the rail.

3. the novel loss-prevention damper as claimed in claim 2, wherein the length of the friction plate (5) is smaller than that of the mounting cavity (7) and a certain distance is left between the friction plate and the mounting cavity; the width is less than the width of the rail head (4).

4. The novel damper against failure as claimed in claim 1, wherein polygonal ports are arranged at two ends of the eccentric body bolt (2) to facilitate torque application during clamping and clamping.

5. the novel loss-prevention damper as claimed in claim 1, wherein the box body (1), the eccentric body bolt (2) and the friction plate (5) are marked with mounting marks (52).

6. The installation method of the novel failure-prevention damper based on the claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:

a. Labeling: the upper part of the half box body (1) is marked with a damper sliding direction arrow (111); marking friction plate mounting corresponding points (112) on the inner wall of the mounting cavity (7) in the running direction; one end of the friction plate (5) is marked with a friction plate mounting corresponding point (112) corresponding to the inner wall of the mounting cavity (7), and the upper end surface is marked with an upper marking point (51); a lower mark point (22) is arranged at the minimum radius position of an eccentric body (21) of the eccentric body bolt (2);

b. placing a friction plate: the friction plate (5) is arranged on the upper part of the steel rail head (4); the side of the friction plate (5) with the upper mark point (51) faces upwards, and one end with the friction plate installation corresponding point (112) faces towards the sliding direction of the damper;

c. installing a box body: two half boxes (11) are arranged on two sides of a steel rail, and the damper sliding direction arrow (111) points to the damper sliding direction; an eccentric body bolt (2) is arranged between the two half box bodies (11), and two ends of the eccentric body bolt (2) penetrate through a screw hole of the half box body (11) and are provided with nuts (3); the side of the eccentric body bolt (2) with the lower mark point (22) faces downwards;

d. Fixing the box body: the box body (1) is fixed on the steel rail by the pretightening nut (3);

e. And (3) fastening friction plates: and applying torque to the eccentric body bolt (2) by using a torque wrench to enable the eccentric body bolt (2) to rotate, pressing the friction plate (5) downwards at the side with the largest radius, and further locking the nut (3).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit train or train line end safety protection, in particular to a damper structure for safety protection of large marshalling trains and high-speed trains.

Background

The rail line end stop devices are generally provided with dampers for consuming the impact kinetic energy of the train. With the improvement of the safety protection level, parking is often required to be realized within a short distance, the number of dampers is increased to meet the parking requirement, and the reserved length and budget are increased during line design. The number of damper arrangements is limited by the existing line reserve length.

The existing damper is designed by clamping the steel rail on two sides of a transverse bolt, and the upper end of the existing damper is vertically pressed on a friction sheet at the upper end of the steel rail by the bolt to form positive pressure. However, after the damper slides for a certain distance, the friction plate is worn and elastically deformed, the bolt is loosened, the bolt fails in a stressed state for a long time, even the steel rail has the problems of deformation and abrasion and the like, so that the positive pressure of the friction plate and the clamping force of the damper are reduced or eliminated, and the damper loses the effect.

most of the existing damper devices are heavy and inconvenient to install.

aiming at the problems in the prior art, a novel damper for preventing the failure is researched and designed, so that the problem in the prior art is very necessary to be overcome.

disclosure of Invention

according to the prior art mentioned above: 1. the number of dampers is large, and budget is increased; 2. after sliding for a certain distance, the damper fails; 3. the technical problems of heavy equipment, inconvenient installation and the like are solved, and the novel damper for preventing the failure is provided.

the invention mainly adopts the technical scheme that:

(1) the transverse fixing bolt adopts a middle eccentric body technology to replace the original straight-bar bolt;

(2) the elastic pressure is applied to the friction plate by means of the displacement change of the two bolts with eccentric bodies when rotating, so that an upper locking bolt is replaced;

(3) the locking nuts at two ends of the bolt with the eccentric body adopt a reverse locking technology, namely, the nuts and the damper box body generate a reverse locking function by friction along with the rotation of the bolt with the eccentric body;

(4) Aiming at purposeful protection in the direction of the coming vehicle, the damper has a simpler structure;

(5) the two ends of the bolt with the eccentric body are provided with polygonal ports which can facilitate the installation and the application of torque.

The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:

a novel damper for preventing failure is characterized in that the damper comprises: the device comprises a box body, an eccentric body bolt, a nut and a friction plate; the box comprises two half boxes of symmetrical structure: the inner side of the upper part of the half box body is provided with an installation cavity, the inner side of the lower part of the half box body is provided with an installation groove, and the bottom of the half box body forms a clamping table; after the two half boxes are combined, the upper part forms a complete cavity with an open bottom, and the lower part forms an installation groove body with the same shape as the cross sections of the rail head and the rail waist; at least one screw hole which is horizontally arranged is formed in the side wall of the installation cavity of the half box body; the eccentric body bolt is a long bolt with an eccentric body in the middle, the two ends of the bolt are provided with fixed threads, and the fixed threads at the two ends are of a positive and negative thread structure, so that transverse failure is prevented; the nut falls on the fixed thread at the two ends of the bolt of the eccentric body and is used for installing, fixing and clamping the box body; the friction plate is in a strip-shaped sheet structure;

furthermore, the thickness of the friction plate is larger than the gap height between the upper end surface of the installation groove and the upper end surface of the steel rail head after the box body is installed on the steel rail.

furthermore, the length of the friction plate is smaller than that of the mounting cavity, and a certain distance is reserved; the width is less than the width of the rail head.

Furthermore, polygonal ports are formed in two ends of the eccentric body bolt, so that torque can be applied conveniently during clamping and clamping.

furthermore, the box body, the eccentric body bolt and the friction plate are marked with installation marks.

The installation method of the novel failure-prevention damper based on the claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:

a. Labeling: the upper part of the half box body is marked with a damper sliding direction arrow; marking friction plate installation corresponding points on the inner wall of the installation cavity in the running direction; one end of the friction plate is marked with a friction plate installation corresponding point corresponding to the inner wall of the installation cavity, and the upper end surface of the friction plate is marked with an upper mark point; a lower mark point is arranged at the minimum position of the radius of the eccentric body bolt;

b. Placing a friction plate: placing the friction plate on the upper part of the steel rail head; the side of the friction plate with the upper mark point faces upwards, and one end with the friction plate installation corresponding point faces the sliding direction of the damper;

c. installing a box body: placing the two half boxes on two sides of the steel rail, wherein the damper sliding direction arrows point to the damper sliding direction; an eccentric body bolt is arranged between the two half box bodies, and two ends of the eccentric body bolt penetrate through screw holes of the half box bodies and are provided with nuts; the side of the eccentric body bolt with the lower mark point faces downwards;

d. Fixing the box body: the box body is fixed on the steel rail by a pretightening nut;

e. and (3) fastening friction plates: and applying torque to the eccentric body bolt by using a torque wrench to enable the eccentric body bolt to rotate, and downwards pressing the friction plate at the side with the largest radius to further lock the nut.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. According to the novel anti-failure damper, elastic pressure is applied to the friction plate by means of displacement change of two bolts with eccentric bodies during rotation, the original straight-bar bolt is replaced to vertically pressurize the friction plate, and the problems that the friction plate is worn and elastically deformed, the bolt is loosened, the bolt fails in a stressed state for a long time, even the steel rail is deformed and worn and the like due to the fact that the friction plate is in positive pressure and the clamping force of the damper is reduced or disappears, and the damper fails are solved;

2. according to the novel anti-failure damper provided by the invention, the locking nuts at two ends of the bolt with the eccentric body adopt a reverse locking technology, namely, the nuts and the damper box body generate a reverse locking function by friction along with the rotation of the bolt with the eccentric body, so that the locking of the friction plate and the fixing force of the damper box body are greatly increased.

3. According to the novel anti-failure damper provided by the invention, the polygonal ports are arranged at the two ends of the bolt of the eccentric body, so that the installation and the application of torque are facilitated;

4. the novel anti-failure damper provided by the invention provides relatively continuous braking force, so that the utilization rate of a single damper is improved;

5. The novel anti-failure damper provided by the invention has the advantages that the braking capacity is improved, the stopping distance of the car stopper is shortened, and the accident that the train or the train rushes out of the end of the line due to the failure of the damper is avoided;

6. the novel anti-failure damper provided by the invention can reduce the number of the arranged dampers, reduce the occupied distance of lines and adapt to the improvement of the safety protection level of heavy-load and high-speed running trains;

7. the novel anti-failure damper provided by the invention has purposeful protection aiming at the direction of the coming vehicle, and is simpler in structure and convenient to install.

In conclusion, the technical scheme of the invention solves the problems existing in the prior art that: 1. after sliding for a certain distance, the damper fails; 2. the number of dampers is large, and budget is increased; 3. heavy equipment, inconvenient installation and the like.

drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a view A-A of FIG. 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a friction plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a half-case according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the eccentric body bolt structure of the present invention.

in the figure: 1. the device comprises a box body 11, a half box body 12, a clamping table 13, a mounting groove 14, screw holes 15 and 111, an arrow 112 of the sliding direction of a damper, a friction plate mounting corresponding point 2, an eccentric body bolt 21, an eccentric body 22, a lower marking point 3, a nut 4, a steel rail head 5, a friction plate 51, an upper marking point 52, a mounting mark 6, a steel rail waist 7 and a mounting cavity.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

it is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the directional terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and in the absence of any contrary indication, these directional terms are not intended to indicate and imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention: the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

As shown in the figures, the invention provides a novel damper for preventing failure, which is characterized in that the damper comprises: the device comprises a box body 1, an eccentric body bolt 2, a nut 3 and a friction plate 5;

The box body 1 is composed of two half box bodies 11 with symmetrical structures: the inner side of the upper part of the half box body 11 is provided with a mounting cavity 7, the inner side of the lower part is provided with a mounting groove 13, and the bottom part forms a clamping table 12; after the two half-boxes 11 are combined, the upper part forms a complete cavity with an open bottom, and the lower part forms an installation groove body with the same cross section shape as the steel rail head 4 and the steel rail waist 6; at least one screw hole 14 which is horizontally arranged is formed on the side wall of the mounting cavity 7 of the half box body 11;

The eccentric body bolt 2 is a long bolt with an eccentric body 21 in the middle, the two ends of the bolt are provided with fixed threads, and the fixed threads at the two ends are of a positive and negative thread structure, so that transverse failure is prevented;

the nut 3 falls on the fixed threads at the two ends of the eccentric body bolt 2 and is used for installing, fixing and clamping the box body;

the friction plate 5 is of a strip-shaped sheet structure;

2. The novel loss-prevention damper as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the friction plate 5 is larger than the height of the gap between the upper end surface of the installation groove 13 and the upper end surface of the rail head 4 after the box body 1 is installed on the rail.

3. the novel damper against failure as claimed in claim 2, wherein the length of the friction plate 5 is smaller than that of the mounting cavity 7, and a certain distance is left between the friction plate and the mounting cavity; the width is less than the width of the rail head 4.

4. The novel damper of claim 1, wherein polygonal ports are arranged at two ends of the eccentric body bolt 2, so that torque can be applied conveniently during clamping and clamping.

5. The novel damper as claimed in claim 1, wherein the housing 1, the eccentric bolt 2 and the friction plate 5 are marked with mounting marks 52.

6. The installation method of the novel failure-prevention damper based on the claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:

a. Labeling: the upper part of the half box body 1 is marked with a damper sliding direction arrow 111; marking friction plate mounting corresponding points 112 on the inner wall of the mounting cavity 7 in the running direction; one end of the friction plate 5 is marked with a friction plate mounting corresponding point 112 corresponding to the inner wall of the mounting cavity 7, and the upper end surface is marked with an upper marking point 51; a lower mark point 22 is arranged at the minimum radius position of the eccentric body 21 of the eccentric body bolt 2;

b. Placing a friction plate: placing the friction plate 5 on the upper part of the steel rail head 4; the side of the friction plate 5 with the upper mark point 51 faces upwards, and the end with the friction plate installation corresponding point 112 faces the sliding direction of the damper;

c. Installing a box body: placing the two half boxes 11 on two sides of the steel rail, wherein the damper sliding direction arrow 111 points to the damper sliding direction; the eccentric body bolt 2 is arranged between the two half box bodies 11, and two ends of the eccentric body bolt 2 penetrate through screw holes of the half box bodies 11 and are provided with nuts 3; the side of the eccentric body bolt 2 with the lower mark point 22 faces downwards;

d. Fixing the box body: the box body 1 is fixed on the steel rail by the pretightening nut 3;

e. and (3) fastening friction plates: torque is applied to the eccentric body bolt 2 by a torque wrench, so that the eccentric body bolt 2 rotates, the friction plate 5 is pressed downwards by the side with the largest radius, and the nut 3 is further locked.