阅读说明：本技术 基于zqx1500抓斗桥式卸船机的高效物料卸载方法 (Efficient material unloading method based on ZQX1500 grab bridge type ship unloader ) 是由 汤镭 王芳 于 2019-08-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种基于ZQX1500抓斗桥式卸船机的高效物料卸载方法,根据ZQX1500抓斗桥式卸船机的有效技术参数,利用各机构(包括四卷筒机构、小车运行机构、大车运行机构和抓斗运行机构)在运行过程中出现的惯性和延时,即在整个操作过程中,开闭斗钢丝绳应始终处于运行状态,当抓斗到达正常起升高度时应操作手柄使抓斗立即开斗,此时的小车已经运行至漏斗的斜上方,进行物料的高效卸载。与现有技术相比,本发明克服了现有模式很难达到额定卸煤量的问题,确保实际卸煤量超过额定卸煤量的20％,即能做到1800t/h的卸煤工作量,极大地提高了桥机的工作效率,节省了电能、设备损耗和散货船的滞港费,实用性强。(the invention relates to a high-efficiency material unloading method based on a ZQX1500 grab bridge type ship unloader, which utilizes inertia and time delay of each mechanism (comprising a four-drum mechanism, a trolley running mechanism, a cart running mechanism and a grab running mechanism) in the running process according to effective technical parameters of the ZQX1500 grab bridge type ship unloader, namely, a steel wire rope for opening and closing a bucket is always in a running state in the whole operation process, when the grab reaches a normal lifting height, a handle is operated to enable the grab to be opened immediately, and the trolley runs to the oblique upper part of a funnel at the moment to unload materials efficiently. Compared with the prior art, the invention overcomes the problem that the rated coal unloading amount is difficult to achieve in the existing mode, ensures that the actual coal unloading amount exceeds 20 percent of the rated coal unloading amount, can achieve the coal unloading workload of 1800t/h, greatly improves the working efficiency of the bridge crane, saves the electric energy, equipment loss and port stagnation cost of bulk freighters, and has strong practicability.)

1. A high-efficiency material unloading method based on a ZQX1500 grab bridge type ship unloader is used for transferring materials from an unloading ship cabin on the sea side to a funnel on the land side, the bridge type ship unloader comprises a metal structure, a cart used for driving the metal structure to move back and forth, a cab, a trolley and a grab bucket which are arranged on the metal structure, and a four-reel mechanism used for controlling the left and right movement of the trolley and for controlling the lifting and the opening and the closing of the grab bucket, and is characterized in that a working cycle of the method starting from the opening of the grab bucket above the funnel comprises the following steps:

S1: controlling the trolley to run to the sea side at a rated speed, and immediately descending the grab bucket at the highest speed after the grab bucket leaves the hopper;

S2: in the descending process of the grab bucket, according to the distribution condition of materials in the unloading ship cabin, the front and back movement of the cart is controlled, then the left and right movement of the trolley is controlled, and the grab bucket falls to a preset position above a position to be grabbed in the unloading ship cabin under the principle of balanced unloading and loading;

S3: controlling the grab bucket to close to grab the material;

S4: when the grab bucket is full of materials, the grab bucket is directly controlled to ascend;

S5: when the grab bucket rises above the opening of the unloading ship, the trolley is controlled to move to the position above the funnel on the land side along a track close to a straight line, and when the grab bucket rises to the limit of the working height, the trolley moves to the position with the horizontal distance of 4 +/-0.5 m from the funnel, the grab bucket is controlled to be opened at the moment, and the grab bucket is controlled to move to the position above the funnel when the grab bucket is opened by utilizing the time delay from the rising of the grab bucket to the opening of the grab bucket;

S5: when the grab bucket is opened to a half position, the grab bucket is immediately controlled to move to the sea side, and a working cycle is completed.

2. The method for efficient unloading of materials based on a ZQX1500 grab bridge unloader of claim 1, further comprising moving the cab to a middle position of the unloading hold in advance before starting to ensure an optimal view for the operator.

3. The method for efficient unloading of materials based on a ZQX1500 grab bridge unloader of claim 1, further comprising initializing setup before starting.

4. The efficient material unloading method based on the ZQX1500 grab bridge type ship unloader is characterized in that a left handle for controlling the movement of a cart and a trolley and a right handle for controlling the lifting and the opening and the closing of the grab are arranged in a cab, the left handle and the right handle can be operated forwards and backwards and leftwards and rightwards, and the larger the operation amplitude is, the faster the corresponding equipment moves;

The front and back operation of the left hand handle is used for controlling the front and back movement of the cart, the left and right operation of the left hand handle is used for controlling the left and right movement of the trolley, the front and back operation of the right hand handle is used for controlling the descending and lifting of the grab bucket, and the left and right operation of the right hand handle is used for controlling the closing and opening of the grab bucket.

5. The method for unloading materials efficiently based on ZQX1500 bridge unloader, according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined position of the grab bucket falling above the position to be grabbed in the unloading ship cabin is 50 ± 10cm above the position to be grabbed in the unloading ship cabin in step S2.

6. The method for unloading materials efficiently based on ZQX1500 grab bridge unloader of claim 1, wherein in step S4, when coal overflows above the jaw plate of the grab, the grab is judged to be full.

7. The method for unloading materials efficiently based on ZQX1500 grab bridge unloader as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the materials are coal, the rated production capacity of the ZQX1500 grab bridge unloader is 1500 t/h; the rated lifting capacity of the grab bucket is 40 t; the lifting speed and the descending speed of the grab bucket are respectively 130m/min and 160 m/min; the opening and closing speed of the grab bucket is 160m/min and 130 m/min; the running speed of the trolley is 180 m/min; the moving speed of the cart is 25 m/min.

8. The method for unloading materials efficiently based on ZQX1500 grab bridge type ship unloaders in claim 1, wherein the time of one working cycle of the method is 45-55 s, when the materials are coal, the mass of the coal grabbed by each grab bucket is 25t, and the generating capacity is 1800 t/h.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ship unloaders, in particular to a high-efficiency material unloading method based on a ZQX1500 grab bridge type ship unloader.

Background

the ship unloader is a special machine for unloading ships at wharfs, and can unload bulk cargo materials in a cabin onto a material conveying adhesive tape machine and then convey the materials to a storage yard through the adhesive tape machine. The ship unloader mainly has the following three basic functions: (1) grabbing materials from the cabin; (2) lifting the material from the cabin to a grab bucket of the ship unloader; (3) and conveying the materials to the upper part of a hopper on the wharf, and unloading the materials onto a material conveying adhesive tape machine.

The normal operation modes of the ZQX1500 type grab bridge ship unloader are as follows: firstly, a full-manual operation mode; secondly, a semi-automatic operation mode; and thirdly, a full-automatic operation mode. Currently, the most common mode of operation used is semi-automatic operation. The operation mode in special cases can adopt full manual operation, such as low storage of coal fired in a power plant, time shortage in a ship season or a flood season, emergency starting of a standby bridge crane and the like. The fully automatic mode of operation is generally not employed.

the fully manual mode of operation carries certain operational risks, such as the possibility of the grapple colliding with the hold, the bridge hopper, the raker for clearing the bin, the clearing worker, etc. The work efficiency of the semi-automatic operation mode is generally lower than the rated coal discharge amount, and the rated coal discharge amount can be achieved under the conditions that a bulk carrier is full, the coal quality is sparse or the high tide level. The fully automatic mode of operation cannot achieve uniform coal discharge and is slow, and can only achieve 70% of the efficiency of semi-automatic operation.

When the emergency happens in the power plant, the coal unloading efficiency of the bridge ship unloader needs to be temporarily increased, and the emergency has 7 types: (1) the coal storage amount of the coal yard is insufficient; (2) the working environment has strong wind or fog phenomenon; (3) sufficient time is required for overhauling power plant equipment (bucket wheel machine, belt conveyor, coal as fired sampling device, coal breaker, roller screen, iron remover, dry fog dust collector and the like); (4) in the actual operation, the loading and unloading time of the unloading ship is considered (the unloading is finished within the specified time according to the loading and unloading contract); (5) one of the two bridge ship unloaders fails; (6) two bucket wheel machines pile coal to the coal yard at the same time; (7) while a bucket wheel machine piles coal to the coal yard, it also requires that coal be fed directly from the belt into the bunker.

The rated production capacity of the ZQX1500 model grab bridge type ship unloader is 1500t/h, and the production capacity needs to be temporarily improved in the emergency situation. However, the existing material unloading method is not only inefficient, but also additionally increases the loss of electric energy and a coal conveying system.

disclosure of Invention

the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an efficient material unloading method based on a ZQX1500 grab bridge type ship unloader.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

A high-efficiency material unloading method based on a ZQX1500 grab bridge type ship unloader is used for transferring materials from an unloading ship cabin on the sea side to a funnel on the land side, the bridge type ship unloader comprises a metal structure, a cart used for driving the metal structure to move back and forth, a cab, a trolley and a grab bucket which are arranged on the metal structure, and a four-reel mechanism used for controlling the left and right movement of the trolley and for controlling the lifting and the opening and the closing of the grab bucket, and a working cycle of the method starting from the opening of the grab bucket above the funnel comprises the following steps:

S1: controlling the trolley to run to the sea side at a rated speed, and immediately descending the grab bucket at the highest speed after the grab bucket leaves the hopper;

S2: in the descending process of the grab bucket, according to the distribution condition of materials in the unloading ship cabin, the front and back movement of the cart is controlled, then the left and right movement of the trolley is controlled, and the grab bucket falls to a preset position above a position to be grabbed in the unloading ship cabin under the principle of balanced unloading and loading;

S3: controlling the grab bucket to close to grab the material;

s4: when the grab bucket is full of materials, the grab bucket is directly controlled to ascend;

S5: when the grab bucket rises above the opening of the unloading ship, the trolley is controlled to move to the position above the funnel on the land side along a track close to a straight line, and when the grab bucket rises to the limit of the working height, the trolley moves to the position with the horizontal distance of 4 +/-0.5 m from the funnel, the grab bucket is controlled to be opened at the moment, and the grab bucket is controlled to move to the position above the funnel when the grab bucket is opened by utilizing the time delay from the rising of the grab bucket to the opening of the grab bucket;

S5: when the grab bucket is opened to a half position, the grab bucket is immediately controlled to move to the sea side, and a working cycle is completed.

Preferably, the method further comprises moving the cab to an intermediate position in the unloading hold prior to starting to ensure that the operator has an optimal view.

As a preferred technical solution, the method further includes performing initialization setting before starting.

As a preferred technical solution, the initialization setting includes necessary grab bucket opening and closing setting and height setting (working height setting, dragger height setting), and optionally the trolley setting (discharge port side position and sea side position) and the safety height setting are performed.

as an optimal technical scheme, a left handle for controlling the cart and the trolley to move and a right handle for controlling the grab bucket to lift and close are arranged in a cab, the left handle and the right handle can be operated forwards and backwards and leftwards and rightwards, and the larger the operation amplitude is, the faster the corresponding equipment moves;

The front and back operation of the left hand handle is used for controlling the front and back movement of the cart, the left and right operation of the left hand handle is used for controlling the left and right movement of the trolley, the front and back operation of the right hand handle is used for controlling the descending and lifting of the grab bucket, and the left and right operation of the right hand handle is used for controlling the closing and opening of the grab bucket.

preferably, in step S2, the grab bucket is dropped to a preset position above the position to be grabbed in the unloading ship cabin, and the preset position is 50 ± 10cm above the position to be grabbed in the unloading ship cabin.

As a preferable technical scheme, in the step S4, when coal overflows above the jaw plate of the grab bucket in the material grabbing process, it is determined that the material is grabbed completely.

As the preferred technical scheme, when the material is coal, the rated production capacity of the ZQX1500 grab bridge type ship unloader is 1500 t/h; the rated lifting capacity of the grab bucket is 40 t; the lifting speed and the descending speed of the grab bucket are respectively 130m/min and 160 m/min; the opening and closing speed of the grab bucket is 160m/min and 130 m/min; the running speed of the trolley is 180 m/min; the moving speed of the cart is 25 m/min. And inertia and time delay are generated in the running process of the four-drum mechanism, the trolley, the cart and the grab bucket.

as an optimal technical scheme, the time of one working cycle of the method is 45-55 s, when the material is coal, the mass of the coal grabbed by each grab bucket is 25t, and the generating capacity reaches 1800 t/h.

Compared with the prior art, the effective technical parameters of the ZQX1500 grab bridge type ship unloader provide an efficient operation method for coal unloading. Inertia and time delay of each mechanism (comprising a four-reel mechanism, a trolley, a cart and a grab bucket) in the operation process cannot be avoided, the time delay is not eliminated, but the time delay is creatively and fully utilized so as to improve the working efficiency, namely, in the whole operation process, a steel wire rope for opening and closing the bucket is always in the operation state, when the grab bucket reaches the normal lifting height, a handle is operated to enable the grab bucket to immediately open the bucket, and the trolley at the moment runs to the obliquely upper part of the hopper.

the invention is mainly applied to the connection and disconnection of bulk freighters with the representative ship type of 5 ten thousand tons (7 ten thousand tons). The operation method solves the problem that the existing full-automatic operation mode and semi-automatic operation mode are difficult to reach the rated coal unloading amount (1500t/h), can ensure that the actual coal unloading amount exceeds 20 percent of the rated coal unloading amount under the condition that the bridge type ship unloader normally works, can realize the coal unloading work amount of 1800t/h, greatly improves the working efficiency of the bridge crane, saves electric energy, equipment loss and port cost of bulk carriers, and has strong practicability.

Drawings

FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b) are front and side views, respectively, of a ZQX1500 grab bridge unloader;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a four reel mechanism of a ZQX1500 grab bridge unloader;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the four drum mechanism roping for the ZQX1500 grab bridge unloader;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a luffing mechanism of a ZQX1500 grab bridge ship unloader;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the luffing mechanism roping of the ZQX1500 grab bridge unloader;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the cart running mechanism of the ZQX1500 grab bridge type ship unloader.

Detailed Description

the invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.