阅读说明：本技术 一种人造钻石废弃石墨粉的无害化工艺 (harmless process for artificial diamond waste graphite powder ) 是由 王强 于 2019-10-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种人造钻石废弃石墨粉的无害化工艺,用以解决废弃石墨粉的污染问题。采购50kg重油,含水率低于1.5%,拉运到生产线待用；采购轻烧氧化镁粉末100kg,MgO>90%,拉运到现场待用；拉运废弃石墨粉350kg到现场待用；拉运500kg碳酸钙小颗粒料,粒度：1～3mm,CaO>50%,到现场待用；首先将100kg轻烧氧化镁粉末加入双轴搅拌机,然后启动搅拌,50kg重油以滴入方式在搅拌过程中加入,加入完成后,继续搅拌30min,加入废弃石墨粉350kg,加入后继续搅拌40min,搅拌均匀后出料；将以上的混合料加入500kg碳酸钙颗粒,混合均匀后,进入对辊压球机,生产成为粒径30～50mm的球体；将以上球体用防潮袋包装后,拉运到炼钢厂的LF精炼工序,替代精炼埋弧剂或其它碳质扩散脱氧剂使用。(The invention discloses a harmless process of artificial diamond waste graphite powder, which is used for solving the pollution problem of the waste graphite powder. Purchasing 50kg of heavy oil, wherein the water content is lower than 1.5%, and carrying to a production line for later use; purchasing 100kg of light-burned magnesia powder, wherein MgO is more than 90 percent, and carrying the light-burned magnesia powder to the site for later use; carrying 350kg of waste graphite powder to the site for later use; carrying 500kg of calcium carbonate small granules by pulling, wherein the granularity is as follows: 1-3 mm, CaO is more than 50%, and the mixture is used on site; firstly, adding 100kg of light-burned magnesia powder into a double-shaft stirrer, starting stirring, adding 50kg of heavy oil in a dripping mode in the stirring process, continuing stirring for 30min after adding, adding 350kg of waste graphite powder, continuing stirring for 40min after adding, and discharging after uniformly stirring; adding 500kg of calcium carbonate particles into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and feeding into a double-roller ball press to produce spheres with the particle size of 30-50 mm; the spheres are packaged by a moisture-proof bag and then are transported to an LF refining process of a steel plant to replace a refining submerged arc agent or other carbonaceous diffusion deoxidizers.)

1. A harmless process for artificial diamond waste graphite powder is characterized by being implemented according to the following steps:

1) purchasing 50kg of heavy oil with the water content lower than 1.5%, and carrying to a production line for later use;

2) Purchasing 100kg of light-burned magnesia powder, wherein MgO is more than 90 percent, and carrying the light-burned magnesia powder to the site for later use;

3) 350kg of waste graphite powder is transported to the site for standby;

4) 500kg of calcium carbonate small granules in hauling, and the granularity: 1-3 mm, CaO is more than 50%, and the mixture is used on site;

5) firstly, adding 100kg of light-burned magnesia powder into a double-shaft stirrer, then starting stirring, adding 50kg of heavy oil in a dripping mode in the stirring process, continuing stirring for 30min after adding, adding 350kg of waste graphite powder, continuing stirring for 40min after adding, and discharging after uniformly stirring;

6) adding 500kg of calcium carbonate particles into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and feeding into a double-roller ball press to produce spheres with the particle size of 30-50 mm;

7) And packaging the spheres by a moisture-proof bag, and then carrying out pulling and conveying to an LF refining process of a steel mill to replace a refining submerged arc agent or other carbonaceous diffusion deoxidizers.

Technical Field

the invention relates to a harmless process for artificial diamond waste graphite powder.

background

The hardness of the diamond is far higher than that of all other substances, and the compressive strength, the heat dissipation rate, the sound transmission rate, the current impedance, the corrosion resistance, the light transmittance, the low thermal expansion rate, the negative and negative electricity property and even the solubility with the human body are the best materials, so that the artificial diamond has great development potential and promotes the industrial development of the artificial diamond.

The method for producing the artificial diamond by utilizing the nano graphite powder and the catalyst alloy catalyst is a mainstream process at present in China, and the waste graphite powder produced by the method contains various heavy metal substances and non-metallic compounds, is harmful to the environment, animals and plants and needs harmless treatment. From the chemical components of the waste graphite powder, the carbon content is high, and the waste graphite powder can be theoretically used as a carburant for steelmaking, but the granularity of the waste graphite powder is fine, so that the process requirement of the carburant in the steelmaking production or ironmaking production process is difficult to meet, and the characteristic of coexistence of multiple elements in the waste graphite powder makes the waste graphite powder be called as a chicken rib for resource utilization, so that the problem puzzling artificial diamond enterprises is solved.

in the journal of diamond and abrasive tool engineering of the sixth 2004, the royal optical ancestor of zhengzhou abrasive tool grinding research institute in reference to the document (1) published in the middle of a paper entitled "50 years of development and innovation of artificial diamond synthesis technology", there is a complete series of the current artificial diamonds, which can completely meet the requirements of various industrial application fields on the artificial diamonds as engineering materials, and the revolutionary changes of mechanical processing technology, geological and petroleum drilling technology, stone processing technology and the like are promoted. "is expressed in terms of content; (2) the journal entitled "artificial diamond surface chemical nickel plating process" of fanglii, zheng lotus, wu yangfei and chenpenghui at 2013, 9 th phase, discloses a paper, in which "nickel-plated diamond obtained by chemical plating method contains not only matrix C, deposited Ni element, but also P and trace O and Cl elements generated by side reaction. "is expressed in terms of content; (3) royal yuchang published a paper entitled "synthetic technology progress and main application of large synthetic single-crystal diamond" in journal of "superhard materials engineering" of 2008 th 6, and the paper has "after the diamond industry in China has made great success in the synthesis of abrasive-grade diamond, it faces the lagging situation in the development of new technologies represented by the synthesis of large single-crystal diamond again. The method calls for industry experts to strengthen the application research of the diamond and increase the development strength of new products while strengthening the development of new diamond synthesis technology, calls for leaders in the industry to have a great deal, makes development strategies of the diamond industry in China so as to deal with the lagging situation of the development of the new technology, and expresses the content.

As is clear from the above-disclosed documents, no contents are described on the research on recycling of the waste graphite powder of artificial diamond.

In the LF molten steel refining process, firstly, a graphite electrode is electrified to generate phase-to-phase short circuit with molten steel, a burning electric arc is generated to heat the molten steel, the temperature of an arc area is up to 3000-6000 ℃, in addition, the top slag needs to be diffused and deoxidized during heating, in the deoxidizing process, the slag is promoted to foam, foam slag is formed, the electric arc generated by burning of the graphite electrode in the LF smelting process is covered, and the heating efficiency is improved.

One of the main reasons for forming the foamed slag is that a stable gas source can be generated in the middle of the slag, the gas source can be CO ₂ generated by decomposing carbonate, or CO generated by oxidizing carbon elements, so carbon-containing composite materials such as refining submerged arc agents, calcium carbide, silicon carbide and the like are used in the LF steelmaking process.

from the above discussion, it can be known that the following problems need to be solved when the waste graphite powder is processed into the deoxidizing foaming material in the LF molten steel refining process:

1) Solving the technical mode of utilizing the superfine powder;

the produced deoxidizing material meets the technological requirements of LF in storage, use performance and use effect.

disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a harmless process for artificial diamond waste graphite powder, which utilizes the characteristics of superfine graphite powder and combines the metallurgical principle to produce the waste graphite powder into a carbon-containing deoxidizing foaming material, is applied to an LF molten steel refining process and solves the problem of environmental pollution caused by the waste graphite powder.

The invention aims to realize the harmless process of the artificial diamond waste graphite powder, which is implemented according to the following steps:

1) Purchasing 50kg of heavy oil, wherein the water content is lower than 1.5%, and carrying to a production line for later use;

2) Purchasing 100kg of light-burned magnesia powder, wherein MgO is more than 90 percent, and carrying the light-burned magnesia powder to the site for later use;

3) carrying 350kg of waste graphite powder to the site for later use;

4) carrying 500kg of calcium carbonate small granules by pulling, wherein the granularity is as follows: 1-3 mm, CaO is more than 50%, and the mixture is used on site;

5) Firstly, adding 100kg of light-burned magnesia powder into a double-shaft stirrer, starting stirring, adding 50kg of heavy oil in a dripping mode in the stirring process, continuing stirring for 30min after adding, adding 350kg of waste graphite powder, continuing stirring for 40min after adding, and discharging after uniformly stirring;

6) adding 500kg of calcium carbonate particles into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and feeding into a double-roller ball press to produce spheres with the particle size of 30-50 mm;

7) the spheres are packaged by a moisture-proof bag and then are transported to an LF refining process of a steel plant to replace a refining submerged arc agent or other carbonaceous diffusion deoxidizers.

the technical principle and innovation points of the invention are as follows:

the innovation points of the invention are as follows:

1) The heavy oil and magnesium oxide powder are mixed, the characteristics that the heavy oil is an acidic substance and the magnesium oxide is an alkaline substance are utilized, the heavy oil and the magnesium oxide react, and partial magnesium oxide reacts to generate grease acid salt, wherein the reaction equation is as follows:

CxHyCOOCnHm+MgO→CxHyCOOMg+CnYmOH

the above reaction exists as a film-like substance on the outer surface of the magnesium oxide powder.

2) the waste graphite powder is mixed with the grease acid salt, and the polar substances can bond the fine graphite powder to form a stable mixture, so that the problem of granulation of the fine graphite powder is solved, and the graphite powder is also a binder in the pelletizing process.

3) An oil film formed by grease molecules covers the surface layer of the magnesium oxide, so that the magnesium oxide is prevented from absorbing water and deliquescing in a humid environment.

4) After the magnesium oxide is added into the slag, the functions of reducing the melting point of the slag, adjusting the viscosity of the slag and promoting the foaming of the slag are achieved. Meanwhile, part of the magnesium oxide particles play a role in assisting the slag to form nucleation particles of bubbles.

5) the calcium carbonate mainly plays a role in disintegrating the pellets by heating and improving the reaction speed, the released CO ₂ provides an air source for slag foaming, the calcium carbonate reacts with magnesium oxide to generate low-melting-point forsterite while being decomposed into small-particle substances according to the characteristics of carbonate reaction, the low-melting-point forsterite becomes a liquid film of slag bubbles and promotes the slag to foam rapidly, graphite particles are adhered to the bubble film and participate in deoxidation reaction, the probability of recarburization caused by contact with molten steel is reduced, and the method is also an important process method for preventing recarburization of the molten steel.

6) The calcium carbonate particles are aggregates in the powder forming process and play a role of a skeleton.

7) After the slag is foamed, the reaction interface of the slag is increased, carbon in the middle of the pellets reacts with heavy metal oxides in the middle of the steel slag (FeO), MnO and the like, and the generated CO can also provide an air source for foaming the foamed slag and create conditions for continuous foaming of the slag while deoxidizing.

8) harmful heavy metal substances in the middle of the waste graphite powder are subjected to self-reduction reaction in the LF slagging process and enter molten steel, so that harmless transformation of heavy metals is realized, and the thermodynamic data of the reaction are as follows:

[C]+NiO_(s)=CO_(g)+[Ni]

ΔG^Θ=87660–166.78T

(Cu₂O)+C_(S)=2[Cu]+CO_(g)

ΔG^Θ=80690-212.38T

9) Cyanide in the middle of the waste graphite is subjected to the following reaction to realize harmless conversion:

(HCN)=(N⁺)+(C⁺⁴)+(H⁺)

[H⁺]+(FeO)=[Fe]+{H₂O}↑

(C⁺⁴)+(FeO)=[Fe]+{CO}↑

(N⁺)+(N⁺)={N₂}↑

2HCN+3(FeO)=H₂O+2CO+N₂+3[Fe]

2HCN+3(FeO)=H₂O+2CO+N₂+3[Fe]

10) Fluoride in the waste stone ink powder is subjected to the following reaction to realize harmless conversion:

2F^-+Ca²⁺=CaF₂

2F^-+Mg²⁺= MgF₂

the innovation point is the fusion innovation result of metallurgical physical chemistry, powder mechanics and crystal mechanics.

Detailed Description

A harmless process for artificial diamond waste graphite powder comprises the following specific examples:

1) purchasing 50kg of heavy oil, wherein the water content is lower than 1.5%, and carrying to a production line for later use;

2) purchasing 100kg of light-burned magnesia powder, wherein MgO is more than 90 percent, and carrying the light-burned magnesia powder to the site for later use;

3) Carrying 350kg of waste graphite powder to the site for later use;

4) carrying 500kg of calcium carbonate small granules by pulling, wherein the granularity is as follows: 1-3 mm, CaO is more than 50%, and the mixture is used on site;

5) Firstly, adding 100kg of light-burned magnesia powder into a double-shaft stirrer, starting stirring, adding 50kg of heavy oil in a dripping mode in the stirring process, continuing stirring for 30min after adding, adding 350kg of waste graphite powder, continuing stirring for 40min after adding, and discharging after uniformly stirring;

6) Adding 500kg of calcium carbonate particles into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and feeding into a double-roller ball press to produce a ball body with the diameter of 30-50 mm;

7) the spheres are packaged by a moisture-proof bag and then are transported to an LF refining process of a steel plant to replace a refining submerged arc agent or other carbonaceous diffusion deoxidizers.