阅读说明：本技术 一种粉煤灰地板及其制备方法 (fly ash floor and preparation method thereof ) 是由 刘旭斌 于 2019-09-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种粉煤灰地板及其制备方法,属于装饰墙板及其制备方法技术领域,解决粉煤灰地板强度低、寿命短,粉煤灰利用率低的技术问题,解决方案为：粉煤灰75～83％,聚氯乙烯14～20％,稳定剂0.7～1.3％,氯化聚乙烯1～1.7％,苯乙烯0.5～1％,增韧剂0.3～0.6％,偶联剂1.7～2％,硬脂酸0.15％,石蜡0.15％；其中各原料的重量百分比之和为100％,通过配料→粉煤灰表面改性处理→混料→振动筛→上料→挤出→开槽→基材检验,制得粉煤灰地板。本发明提供的粉煤灰地板中,粉煤灰利用率较现有技术大幅提高,使得粉煤灰颗粒与其它原料颗粒之间的粘接力更强,提高了粉煤灰地板的强度、耐磨性和使用寿命。(A fly ash floor and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of decorative wall boards and preparation methods thereof, and solve the technical problems of low strength, short service life and low utilization rate of fly ash floor, and the solution is as follows: 75-83% of fly ash, 14-20% of polyvinyl chloride, 0.7-1.3% of stabilizer, 1-1.7% of chlorinated polyethylene, 0.5-1% of styrene, 0.3-0.6% of toughening agent, 1.7-2% of coupling agent, 0.15% of stearic acid and 0.15% of paraffin; the fly ash floor is prepared by the steps of proportioning → fly ash surface modification treatment → mixing → vibrating screen → feeding → extrusion → slotting → base material inspection, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100%. In the fly ash floor provided by the invention, the utilization rate of fly ash is greatly improved compared with the prior art, so that the bonding force between fly ash particles and other raw material particles is stronger, the strength and the wear resistance of the fly ash floor are improved, and the service life of the fly ash floor is prolonged.)

1. A fly ash floor is characterized in that: the fly ash floor comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 75-83% of fly ash, 14-20% of polyvinyl chloride, 0.7-1.3% of stabilizer, 1-1.7% of chlorinated polyethylene, 0.5-1% of styrene, 0.3-0.6% of toughening agent, 1.7-2% of coupling agent, 0.15% of stearic acid and 0.15% of paraffin; wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100 percent.

2. a fly ash floor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the stabilizer is one or more of lead stearate, barium stearate and zinc stearate.

3. a fly ash floor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the toughening agent is phosphate.

4. The method for preparing the fly ash floor as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing the ingredients

weighing the raw materials according to the raw material composition and the weight percentage content of the fly ash floor, wherein the weight percentage content of each component is as follows: 75-83% of fly ash, 14-20% of polyvinyl chloride, 0.7-1.3% of stabilizer, 1-1.7% of chlorinated polyethylene, 0.5-1% of styrene, 0.3-0.6% of toughening agent, 1.7-2% of coupling agent, 0.15% of stearic acid and 0.15% of paraffin, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100%; the weighed raw materials are separately placed for later use;

s2, fly ash surface modification treatment

Preparing the coal ash weighed in the step S1 and a coupling agent, adding the mixture into a mixer when the hot mixing temperature is raised to 80 ℃, raising the hot mixing temperature to 115-120 ℃, mixing for 15-20 minutes while keeping the hot mixing temperature, uniformly coating the outer surface of the coal ash particles with a coupling agent layer, cooling, standing for 24 hours, and reserving for the next step;

s3, mixing

Adding the modified fly ash particles obtained in the step S2 and the resin powder polyvinyl chloride weighed in the step S1 into a mixer, starting the mixer, and mixing for 5-10 minutes; then, adding other raw materials into a mixer together for mixing, mixing for 20-30 minutes at a constant speed to fully mix the raw materials of each component, closing the mixer, and taking out the mixed raw materials;

S4 vibrating screen

starting the vibrating screen, pouring the raw material mixed in the step S3 onto the vibrating screen at a constant speed after the vibrating screen operates stably, and vibrating to enable raw material particles to be mixed more uniformly and loosely;

S5, feeding

Placing the raw material particles screened in the step S4 in a storage tank, sealing the storage tank, and transporting the storage tank to an extrusion line;

S6, extrusion

preheating extrusion equipment, setting the heating temperature of the extrusion equipment to be 110-120 ℃, keeping the temperature for 10 minutes at a constant temperature, and then continuously heating the extrusion equipment to be 180-190 ℃ to keep the temperature at the constant temperature; meanwhile, the water pressure and the air pressure of cooling water of the sizing table and a tractor, a cutting machine and a feeder are adjusted;

II, transporting the material storage tank filled with the raw material particles in a sealing manner to a feed inlet of the basic equipment in the step S5, and adjusting the water pressure and air pressure of the extrusion equipment and the traction speed of a traction machine according to actual conditions;

III, loading the color layer film and the wear-resistant layer film on a three-roller machine, adjusting the roller rotating speed of the three-roller machine, and sequentially attaching the color layer film and the wear-resistant layer film to the surface of the extruded base material from inside to outside;

IV, adjusting the cutting length of the prepared base material according to the size requirement of the product, and cutting to length to obtain the base material of the fly ash floor;

S7, slotting

After the floor base material prepared in the step S6 is cut according to the size, grooving the edge part, adjusting a cutter according to the grooving requirement before grooving, continuously checking a plurality of finished products during grooving, continuing to produce after confirming that the finished products meet the requirement, continuously performing sample sampling inspection in the production process, and adjusting the grooving process in real time when meeting the products which do not meet the requirement in the sample sampling inspection process;

S8, inspecting the substrate

and after the material is discharged by the feeding equipment, the appearance, the size and the density of the fly ash floor base material prepared in the step S7 are checked, qualified products are checked and are orderly stacked in a qualified product stacking area, and unqualified products are placed additionally and wait for treatment.

5. The method for preparing the fly ash floor as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the step S4, the aperture of the screen of the vibrating screen is 160-400 meshes.

6. The method for preparing the fly ash floor as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the length of the fly ash floor base material prepared in the step S6 is 2.4 meters, and the width is 1.2 meters.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of furniture boards and preparation methods thereof, and particularly relates to a fly ash floor and a preparation method thereof.

background

Fly ash is fine ash collected from flue gas generated after coal combustion, and is main solid waste discharged from a coal-fired power plant. The oxide composition of the fly ash of the thermal power plant in China is as follows: SiO 2₂、Al₂O₃and small amounts of FeO and Fe₂O₃、CaO、MgO、SO₃、TiO₂Etc. SiO in flyash₂and Al₂O₃The content can be more than 60% of the total content.

the fly ash particles are in a porous honeycomb structure, have large specific surface area and high adsorption activity, the particle size range of the particles is 0.5-300 mu m, the outer wall of the fly ash particles has a porous structure, the porosity is as high as 50% -80%, and the fly ash particles have strong water absorption, if the fly ash can be reasonably utilized, not only can waste be turned into wealth, but also the fly ash particles are determined to be raw materials of high-quality decorative wallboard materials due to excellent physical properties.

However, in the fly ash particles, the chemical composition of the coal dust particles is not completely consistent, so that the fly ash formed during combustion forms different phases during the cooling of the discharge. Such as: the content of the silicon oxide and the aluminum oxide is high, and in addition, the content of the crystal minerals in the fly ash is related to the cooling speed of the fly ash. Generally, at higher cooling rates, the glass content is higher; on the contrary, the vitreous body is easily crystallized. It can be seen that, in terms of phase, fly ash is a mixture of crystalline and amorphous minerals with a wide variation in mineral composition. The general crystalline minerals are quartz, mullite, ferric oxide, magnesium oxide, quicklime, anhydrous gypsum and the like, the amorphous minerals are vitreous body, amorphous carbon and secondary limonite, wherein the content of the vitreous body accounts for more than 50%, if the fly ash raw materials are directly added into the materials to be mixed like the prior art, unstable sliding systems are easily formed in the prepared fly ash floor due to the smooth surfaces of the fly ash particles, cracks of the fly ash floor are finally caused to be initiated, and the service life of the fly ash floor is shortened.

disclosure of Invention

the invention provides a fly ash floor and a preparation method thereof, aiming at overcoming the defects in the prior art and solving the technical problems of low strength, short service life and low utilization rate of fly ash of the conventional fly ash floor.

The design concept of the invention is as follows: according to the invention, the addition amount of the fly ash accounts for 75-83% of the total weight of the raw materials, and the product produced according to the prior art is more prone to crack generation, however, in the invention, the fly ash and the coupling agent are mixed in advance, and the surface of the fly ash is subjected to modification treatment, so that the coupling agent is uniformly coated on the surfaces of fly ash particles, the glossiness of the surfaces of the fly ash particles is reduced, the bonding force between the fly ash particles and other raw material particles is stronger, an unstable sliding system formed in a fly ash floor is reduced, and the fly ash floor is not easy to crack initiation even if 75-83% of the total mass of the fly ash is added, and the strength and wear resistance of the fly ash floor are improved linearly due to the high addition.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

the fly ash floor comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 75-83% of fly ash, 14-20% of polyvinyl chloride, 0.7-1.3% of stabilizer, 1-1.7% of chlorinated polyethylene, 0.5-1% of styrene, 0.3-0.6% of toughening agent, 1.7-2% of coupling agent, 0.15% of stearic acid and 0.15% of paraffin; wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100 percent.

further, the stabilizer is one or more of lead stearate, barium stearate and zinc stearate.

further, the toughening agent is one or more of phosphate.

A preparation method of a fly ash floor comprises the following steps:

S1, preparing the ingredients

Weighing the raw materials according to the raw material composition and the weight percentage content of the fly ash floor, wherein the weight percentage content of each component is as follows: 75-83% of fly ash, 14-20% of polyvinyl chloride, 0.7-1.3% of stabilizer, 1-1.7% of chlorinated polyethylene, 0.5-1% of styrene, 0.3-0.6% of toughening agent, 1.7-2% of coupling agent, 0.15% of stearic acid and 0.15% of paraffin, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100%; the weighed raw materials are separately placed for later use;

S2, fly ash surface modification treatment

Preparing the coal ash weighed in the step S1 and a coupling agent, adding the mixture into a mixer when the hot mixing temperature is raised to 80 ℃, raising the hot mixing temperature to 115-120 ℃, mixing for 15-20 minutes while keeping the hot mixing temperature, uniformly coating the outer surface of the coal ash particles with a coupling agent layer, cooling, standing for 24 hours, and reserving for the next step;

S3, mixing

Adding the modified fly ash particles obtained in the step S2 and the resin powder polyvinyl chloride weighed in the step S1 into a mixer, starting the mixer, and mixing for 5-10 minutes; then, adding other raw materials into a mixer together for mixing, mixing for 20-30 minutes at a constant speed to fully mix the raw materials of each component, closing the mixer, and taking out the mixed raw materials;

S4 vibrating screen

starting the vibrating screen, pouring the raw material mixed in the step S3 onto the vibrating screen at a constant speed after the vibrating screen operates stably, and vibrating to enable raw material particles to be mixed more uniformly and loosely;

S5, feeding

Placing the raw material particles screened in the step S4 in a storage tank, sealing the storage tank, and transporting the storage tank to an extrusion line;

S6, extrusion

preheating extrusion equipment, setting the heating temperature of the extrusion equipment to be 110-120 ℃, keeping the temperature for 10 minutes at a constant temperature, and then continuously heating the extrusion equipment to be 180-190 ℃ to keep the temperature at the constant temperature; meanwhile, the water pressure and the air pressure of cooling water of the sizing table and a tractor, a cutting machine and a feeder are adjusted;

II, transporting the material storage tank filled with the raw material particles in a sealing manner to a feed inlet of the basic equipment in the step S5, and adjusting the water pressure and air pressure of the extrusion equipment and the traction speed of a traction machine according to actual conditions;

III, loading the color layer film and the wear-resistant layer film on a three-roller machine, adjusting the roller rotating speed of the three-roller machine, and sequentially attaching the color layer film and the wear-resistant layer film to the surface of the extruded base material from inside to outside;

IV, adjusting the cutting length of the prepared base material according to the size requirement of the product, and cutting to length to obtain the base material of the fly ash floor;

S7, slotting

After the floor base material prepared in the step S6 is cut according to the size, grooving the edge part, adjusting a cutter according to the grooving requirement before grooving, continuously checking a plurality of finished products during grooving, continuing to produce after confirming that the finished products meet the requirement, continuously performing sample sampling inspection in the production process, and adjusting the grooving process in real time when meeting the products which do not meet the requirement in the sample sampling inspection process;

s8, inspecting the substrate

and after the material is discharged by the feeding equipment, the appearance, the size and the density of the fly ash floor base material prepared in the step S7 are checked, qualified products are checked and are orderly stacked in a qualified product stacking area, and unqualified products are placed additionally and wait for treatment.

Further, the aperture of the screen of the vibrating screen in the step S4 is 160-400 meshes.

Further, the length of the fly ash floor base material prepared in the step S6 is 2.4 meters, and the width is 1.2 meters.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

In the fly ash floor provided by the invention, the weight percentage content of the fly ash accounts for 75-83%, the utilization rate of the fly ash is greatly improved compared with the prior art, the surface of the fly ash is modified, so that the coupling agent is uniformly coated on the surface of fly ash particles, the glossiness of the surface of the fly ash particles is reduced, the bonding force between the fly ash particles and other raw material particles is stronger, the strength and the wear resistance of the fly ash floor are improved, and the service life of the fly ash floor is prolonged.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.