阅读说明：本技术 一种多波束多通道一体化接收组件 (Multi-beam multi-channel integrated receiving assembly ) 是由 付浩 齐伟伟 祝大龙 刘德喜 于 2019-07-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种多波束多通道一体化接收组件,该接收组件包括M个N路合成器、N个单路接收模块,M、N为大于等于1的整数；每个单路接收模块,接收左旋或右旋极化信号,对左旋或右旋极化信号进行耦合、滤波,再根据左、右旋开关控制信号,选通滤波后的左旋或右旋极化信号放大,并进入1分M分路器,分成M路,根据移相控制信号、衰减控制信号,对每一路信号进行移相、衰减处理,得到M路单通道接收波束信号,将每一路单通道接收波束信号分别送到M个N路合成器中；每个N路合成器,对N个单路接收模块发送的单通道接收波束信号合成,得到合成接收波束。本发明解决了传统接收组件体积较大、集成度不高、可重构性差且难形成多波束接收的问题。(The invention relates to a multi-beam multi-channel integrated receiving component, which comprises M N paths of synthesizers and N single-path receiving modules, wherein M, N is an integer greater than or equal to 1; each single-path receiving module receives a left-handed or right-handed polarization signal, couples and filters the left-handed or right-handed polarization signal, gates the amplification of the filtered left-handed or right-handed polarization signal according to a left-handed or right-handed switch control signal, enters a 1-division M splitter, is divided into M paths, performs phase shifting and attenuation processing on each path of signal according to a phase shifting control signal and an attenuation control signal to obtain M paths of single-channel receiving beam signals, and respectively sends each path of single-channel receiving beam signal to M N paths of synthesizers; and each N-path synthesizer synthesizes the single-channel receiving beam signals sent by the N single-path receiving modules to obtain synthesized receiving beams. The invention solves the problems that the traditional receiving component has larger volume, low integration level, poor reconfigurability and difficult formation of multi-beam receiving.)

1. A multi-beam multi-channel integrated receiving component is characterized by comprising M N paths of synthesizers and N single-path receiving modules, wherein M, N is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

each single-channel receiving module is used for respectively coupling and filtering a left-handed polarization signal received by a left-handed antenna and a right-handed polarization signal received by a right-handed antenna, gating the filtered left-handed or right-handed polarization signal according to a left-handed switch control signal and a right-handed switch control signal, carrying out two-stage amplification processing on the filtered left-handed or right-handed polarization signal, dividing the amplified signals into M channels, carrying out phase shifting and attenuation processing on each amplified signal according to a phase shifting control signal and an attenuation control signal to obtain M channels of single-channel receiving wave beam signals, and respectively sending the M channels of single-channel receiving wave beam signals to M N channels of synthesizers;

Each N-path synthesizer combines the single-channel receiving wave beam signals sent by the N single-path receiving modules and outputs combined receiving wave beams.

2. the multi-beam multi-channel integrated receiving assembly according to claim 1, wherein the single-channel receiving module comprises a first coupler, a second coupler, a first filter, a second filter, a rotary direction selection switch, a first low noise amplifier, a second low noise amplifier, a 1-division-M-type splitter, and a multi-path digital-controlled phase-shift attenuator;

The left-handed polarized signal received by the left-handed antenna is coupled and filtered by the first coupler and the first filter in sequence and then transmitted to the rotary direction selection switch;

The right-hand polarization signal received by the right-hand antenna is coupled and filtered by the second coupler and the second filter in sequence and then transmitted to the rotary direction selection switch;

The rotary direction selection switch gates the filtered left-handed or right-handed polarization signal to sequentially pass through a first low-noise amplifier and a second low-noise amplifier according to the left-handed and right-handed switch control signals, and the left-handed or right-handed polarization signal is subjected to two-stage amplification, enters a 1-branch M-branch shunt, is divided into M paths and is sent to a multi-path numerical control phase-shift attenuator;

and the multi-path numerical control phase-shifting attenuator performs phase-shifting and attenuation processing on each path of signal according to an externally input phase-shifting control signal and an attenuation control signal to obtain M paths of single-channel receiving beam signals for output.

3. The multi-beam multi-channel integrated receiving assembly according to claim 1, wherein the multi-path digitally controlled phase-shift attenuator comprises M independent phase-shift attenuation paths, each phase-shift attenuation path comprises a switch, a controllable phase shifter and a controllable attenuator, and each amplified signal enters the controllable attenuator for attenuation after being gated by the switch, and then is phase-shifted and outputted through the controllable phase shifter.

4. The multi-beam multi-channel integrated receiver assembly of claim 1 wherein the controllable phase shifter is at least 6 bits and the controllable attenuator is at least 6 bits.

5. The multi-beam multi-channel integrated receiving assembly according to claim 1, further comprising an N-path calibration power divider, wherein the N-path calibration power divider divides the calibration signal inputted from outside into N paths, and respectively transmits the N paths to the N single-path receiving modules, each single-path receiving module further comprises a 1-to-2 splitter, and the 1-to-2 splitter divides the calibration signal into two paths, which are respectively inputted to the first coupler and the second coupler, for calibrating the phase and amplitude of each single-path receiving beam signal.

6. the multi-beam multi-channel integrated receiving assembly according to claim 1, further comprising a digital control unit, wherein the left and right hand switch control signals, the phase shift control signal, and the attenuation control signal are obtained by the digital control unit according to an analysis of an externally input wave control code.

7. The multi-beam multi-channel integrated receiving assembly according to claim 1, wherein the N calibration power dividers, the M N synthesizers, the N single-channel receiving modules, and the digital control unit are integrated on a same multilayer dielectric substrate, the N single-channel receiving modules are distributed on a top layer of the multilayer dielectric substrate, the N calibration power dividers are distributed on any middle layer of the multilayer dielectric substrate, the M N synthesizers are distributed on any middle M layers of the multilayer dielectric substrate, and the digital control unit is distributed on any middle N layers of the multilayer dielectric substrate; and a ground layer is added between any two layers of medium substrates containing radio frequency signals, and m and n are more than or equal to 1.

8. The multi-beam multi-channel integrated receiver assembly of claim 1, wherein said dielectric substrate is selected from the group consisting of rocky 4350B dielectric substrates.

9. The multi-beam multi-channel integrated receiver assembly according to claim 1, wherein a metal compartment is disposed on a top layer of the multi-layer dielectric substrate to isolate each single-channel receiver module.

10. The multi-beam multi-channel integrated receiver assembly according to claim 1, wherein each single-channel receiver module is divided into two regions by a metal compartment, and the first region comprises a first coupler, a second coupler, a first filter, a second filter, a rotary direction selector switch and a first low noise amplifier; the second area comprises a second low noise amplifier, a 1-division M shunt and a multi-path numerical control phase-shifting attenuator.

Technical Field

the invention relates to a multi-beam multi-channel integrated receiving assembly, which is suitable for a large multi-beam active phased array, particularly relates to an X-frequency-band multifunctional full-airspace multi-target measurement and control communication system, and belongs to the technical field of microwave and millimeter wave communication.

Background

at present, the downlink application data transmission of most military satellites in China mainly adopts a high-speed data transmission system. In order to meet the requirement of simultaneous measurement and control of multiple targets, a phased array communication system is adopted to simultaneously form a plurality of electric scanning beams, and measurement and control are provided for multiple targets in a full airspace. In a set of perfect phased array communication system, dozens to tens of thousands of receiving components are needed, and the phased array communication system has the functions of filtering, amplifying, phase shifting, attenuating and the like and mainly completes low-noise amplification and receiving of incoming wave signals. The receiving component directly influences the receiving and processing capacity of the whole system to incoming waves in an active phased array system, is in a key core position and plays an important role.

the existing active phased array system has wide application, and the discrete devices of the receiving components of the active phased array system have large volume, more matching circuits, complex structure, low module integration level, huge back-end network, poor reconfigurability, inflexible phase amplitude control and difficult formation of multi-beam reception, thereby becoming a key factor influencing the current application development of the active phased array system.

disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art, the multi-beam multi-channel integrated receiving component is provided, and multi-path incoming wave signals of the phased array radar are flexibly received in a compact structure.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a multi-beam multi-channel integrated receiving component comprises M N-path synthesizers and N single-path receiving modules, wherein M, N is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

Each single-channel receiving module is used for respectively coupling and filtering a left-handed polarization signal received by a left-handed antenna and a right-handed polarization signal received by a right-handed antenna, gating the filtered left-handed or right-handed polarization signal according to a left-handed switch control signal and a right-handed switch control signal, carrying out two-stage amplification processing on the filtered left-handed or right-handed polarization signal, dividing the amplified signals into M channels, carrying out phase shifting and attenuation processing on each amplified signal according to a phase shifting control signal and an attenuation control signal to obtain M channels of single-channel receiving wave beam signals, and respectively sending the M channels of single-channel receiving wave beam signals to M N channels of synthesizers;

Each N-path synthesizer combines the single-channel receiving wave beam signals sent by the N single-path receiving modules and outputs combined receiving wave beams.

The single-path receiving module comprises a first coupler, a second coupler, a first filter, a second filter, a rotary direction selection switch, a first low-noise amplifier, a second low-noise amplifier, a 1-division M splitter and a multi-path numerical control phase-shifting attenuator;

The left-handed polarized signal received by the left-handed antenna is coupled and filtered by the first coupler and the first filter in sequence and then transmitted to the rotary direction selection switch;

The right-hand polarization signal received by the right-hand antenna is coupled and filtered by the second coupler and the second filter in sequence and then transmitted to the rotary direction selection switch;

The rotary direction selection switch gates the filtered left-handed or right-handed polarization signal to sequentially pass through a first low-noise amplifier and a second low-noise amplifier according to the left-handed and right-handed switch control signals, and the left-handed or right-handed polarization signal is subjected to two-stage amplification, enters a 1-branch M-branch shunt, is divided into M paths and is sent to a multi-path numerical control phase-shift attenuator;

And the multi-path numerical control phase-shifting attenuator performs phase-shifting and attenuation processing on each path of signal according to an externally input phase-shifting control signal and an attenuation control signal to obtain M paths of single-channel receiving beam signals for output.

the multi-path numerical control phase-shifting attenuator comprises M paths of independent phase-shifting attenuation channels, each phase-shifting attenuation channel comprises a switch, a controllable phase shifter and a controllable attenuator, and each path of amplified signal enters the controllable attenuator for attenuation after being gated by the switch, passes through the controllable phase shifter for phase shifting and is output.

The controllable phase shifter is at least 6 bits, and the controllable attenuator is at least 6 bits.

the multi-beam multi-channel integrated receiving assembly further comprises N paths of calibration power dividers, the N paths of calibration power dividers divide an externally input calibration signal into N paths, and the N paths of calibration signal are respectively sent to the N single-path receiving modules, each single-path receiving module further comprises a 1-to-2 splitter, and the 1-to-2 splitter divides the calibration signal into two paths which are respectively input to the first coupler and the second coupler and used for calibrating the phase and amplitude of each path of single-channel receiving beam signal.

The multi-beam multi-channel integrated receiving assembly further comprises a digital control unit, and the left-handed rotation switch control signal, the right-handed rotation switch control signal, the phase-shifting control signal and the attenuation control signal are obtained by analyzing according to an externally input wave control code by the digital control unit.

The N paths of calibration power dividers, the M paths of N synthesizers, the N paths of single receiving modules and the digital control unit are integrated on the same multilayer dielectric substrate, the N paths of single receiving modules are distributed on the top layer of the multilayer dielectric substrate, the N paths of calibration power dividers are distributed on any middle layer of dielectric substrate, the M paths of N paths of synthesizers are distributed on any middle M layers of dielectric substrate, and the digital control unit is distributed on any middle N layers of dielectric substrate; and a ground layer is added between any two layers of medium substrates containing radio frequency signals, and m and n are more than or equal to 1.

The dielectric substrate is a Rogers 4350B dielectric substrate.

and a metal separation cavity is arranged on the top layer of the multilayer medium substrate and isolates each single-path receiving module.

each single-path receiving module is divided into two areas through a metal partition, and the first area comprises a first coupler, a second coupler, a first filter, a second filter, a rotary direction selection switch and a first low-noise amplifier; the second area comprises a second low noise amplifier, a 1-division M shunt and a multi-path numerical control phase-shifting attenuator.

compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) The invention adopts a plurality of single-path receiving modules to carry out multi-path controllable phase shift and attenuation processing on the left-handed polarization signal and the right-handed polarization signal, and then carries out multi-path synthesis processing to form a plurality of independent receiving beams, and can simultaneously carry out data signal receiving processing on a plurality of targets in a space domain;

(2) The invention adopts the functional module chip to complete the functions of coupling, filtering, amplifying, phase shifting, attenuating and the like, thereby realizing the high performance and miniaturization of the component.

(3) The single-path receiving module performs two-stage low-noise amplification processing on the signal, increases the heat dissipation efficiency of the assembly, and effectively solves the problem of high-density circuit integration electromagnetic compatibility;

(4) the invention adopts a 6-bit digital phase shifter and a 6-bit attenuator, the minimum phase shift precision is 5.625 degrees, the minimum attenuation precision is 0.5dB, and the beam pointing precision is greatly improved;

(5) The invention adopts the design of a plurality of paths of independent receiving links, and carries out left-handed rotation or right-handed rotation selection through the controllable switch, so that a plurality of paths of mutually independent left-handed and right-handed randomly selected multi-beam signals can be formed simultaneously, and the whole phased array system is more flexible;

(6) the invention adopts the measures of the up-down interconnection of multilayer radio frequency links, the isolation of digital control signals and the radio frequency links, the integrated design of multi-channel radio frequency signal processing and a rear-end combining network and the like, thereby realizing the miniaturization of the multi-channel component.

(6) the invention adopts the design of the metal separation cavity, realizes the spatial isolation of N paths of signals by placing the aluminum alloy separation cavity in the component, and each path also carries out the spatial cavity isolation on the coupler, the filter, the first low noise amplifier, the second low noise amplifier, the 1-division M shunt and the numerical control attenuation phase shifter, thereby effectively solving the electromagnetic compatibility problem under the complex electromagnetic environment of multiple channels and multiple chips and improving the feasibility and the reliability of the component.

(7) According to the invention, the Rogers 4350B dielectric substrate is adopted, and the microwave prepreg is bonded through 4450F, so that compared with common ceramic dielectric and LTCC and HTCC processes in a common multilayer complex assembly structure, the assembly cost is further reduced without sacrificing performance and reliability.

(8) The invention adopts an integrated and standard standardized design, the debugging amount of the receiving assembly is small, the consistency is high, the radio frequency input/output and video socket adopt SMP, J30J and other connectors with compact structures and strong repeatability, and the connectors are used as standard module assemblies to ensure that the phased array system is designed more flexibly.

drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a receive module of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a single-pass receiving principle of the receiving module of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a receiving module according to the present invention;

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a specific embodiment of a multi-beam multi-channel integrated receiving component, which can be used as a standard configuration of an active phased array antenna to solve the problems of a conventional receiving component that the volume is large, the integration level is not high, and the reconfigurability is poor. The working frequency band of the component is an X frequency band with the bandwidth of 1.5GHz, and the component comprises 8 single-channel receiving modules, 4 synthesizers of 8 paths, a calibration power divider of 8 paths and a digital control unit.

Each single-channel receiving module is used for respectively coupling and filtering a left-handed polarization signal received by a left-handed antenna and a right-handed polarization signal received by a right-handed antenna, gating the filtered left-handed or right-handed polarization signal according to a left-handed switch control signal and a right-handed switch control signal, carrying out two-stage amplification processing on the filtered left-handed or right-handed polarization signal, dividing the amplified signals into 4 channels, carrying out phase shifting and attenuation processing on each amplified signal according to a phase shifting control signal and an attenuation control signal to obtain 4 channels of single-channel receiving wave beam signals, and respectively sending the 4 channels of single-channel receiving wave beam signals to 4 8 channels of synthesizers;

And each 8-path synthesizer combines the single-channel receiving wave beam signals sent by the 8 single-path receiving modules to obtain 4 paths of combined receiving wave beams.

the 8-path calibration power divider divides an externally input calibration signal into 8 paths and sends the 8 paths to 8 single-path receiving modules, each single-path receiving module further comprises a 1-path 2-path splitter, and the 1-path 2-path splitter divides the calibration signal into two paths which are respectively input to the first coupler and the second coupler and used for calibrating the phase and amplitude of each path of single-channel receiving beam signal.

And the digital control unit is used for controlling the switch of the whole assembly and the controllable phase-shift attenuator according to a left-handed rotation switch control signal, a right-handed rotation switch control signal, a phase-shift control signal and an attenuation control signal obtained by analyzing an externally input wave control code.

As shown in fig. 2, the single-path receiving module includes a first coupler, a second coupler, a first filter, a second filter, a rotary direction selection switch, a first low noise amplifier, a second low noise amplifier, a 1-division-4-way splitter, and a multi-path digital control phase-shifting attenuator;

The left-handed polarized signal received by the left-handed antenna is coupled and filtered by the first coupler and the first filter in sequence and then transmitted to the rotary direction selection switch;

The right-hand polarization signal received by the right-hand antenna is coupled and filtered by the second coupler and the second filter in sequence and then transmitted to the rotary direction selection switch;

The rotary direction selection switch sequentially passes through a first low noise amplifier and a second low noise amplifier according to a left rotary switch control signal and a right rotary switch control signal which are input externally, a left rotary polarization signal or a right rotary polarization signal after gating and filtering is subjected to two-stage amplification, then the left rotary polarization signal or the right rotary polarization signal enters a 1-branch-4 branching unit and is divided into 4 paths to be sent to a multi-path numerical control phase-shifting attenuator, and each path of signal is subjected to phase-shifting and attenuation processing according to the phase-shifting control signal and the attenuation control signal which are input externally to obtain 4 paths of single-channel.

The multi-path numerical control phase-shifting attenuator comprises 4 independent phase-shifting attenuation channels, each phase-shifting attenuation channel comprises a switch, a controllable phase shifter and a controllable attenuator, the two switches, the controllable phase shifters and the controllable attenuators are integrated in the same chip in order to realize the integrated integration of the whole assembly, and each path of amplified signals enter the controllable attenuators for attenuation after being gated by the switches and then are phase-shifted and output through the controllable phase shifters. The controllable phase shifter is at least 6 bits, and the controllable attenuator is at least 6 bits.

the invention adopts 8-path independent receiving link design, each receiving link carries out left-right rotation direction selection through a rotation direction selection switch, and the whole array can simultaneously form 8-path left-right rotation randomly selected multi-beams which are independent from each other, so that the whole phased array system is more flexible.

in this embodiment, the in-band insertion loss of the first filter and the second filter is lower than 0.8dB, the gain of the combined low noise amplifier is higher than 27dB, the noise coefficient is lower than 0.6dB, the out-of-band rejection of the single-path receiving module is as high as 75dB, the number of phase shift bits in the digital control phase-shift attenuator is 6, the precision is less than or equal to ± 2 °, the number of attenuation bits is 6, the attenuation precision is less than or equal to ± 0.3dB, the noise coefficient of a receiving link of the component is lower than 3dB, and the receiving sensitivity and the beam control flexibility are greatly improved.

the dielectric substrate selects Rogers 4350B as a multilayer dielectric substrate, and is bonded by 4450F as a microwave prepreg, so that compared with common ceramic dielectric and LTCC and HTCC processes used in a common multilayer complex assembly structure, the assembly cost is further reduced while the performance and the reliability are not sacrificed. The N paths of calibration power dividers, the M paths of N synthesizers, the N paths of single receiving modules and the digital control unit are integrated on the same multilayer dielectric substrate, the N paths of single receiving modules are distributed on the top layer of the multilayer dielectric substrate, the N paths of calibration power dividers are distributed on any middle layer of dielectric substrate, the M paths of N synthesizers are distributed on any middle M layers of dielectric substrate, and the digital control unit is distributed on any middle N layers of dielectric substrate; and a ground layer is added between any two layers of medium substrates containing radio frequency signals, and m and n are more than or equal to 1. The miniaturization of the multi-channel component is realized by adopting the measures of the up-down interconnection of the multilayer radio frequency links, the isolation of the digital control signal and the radio frequency links, the integrated design of the multi-channel radio frequency signal processing and the rear-end combining network and the like.

In this embodiment, the 8-way calibration power divider, the 4 8-way synthesizers, the 8 single-way receiving modules, and the digital control unit are integrated on the same 13 layers of dielectric substrate, the 8 single-way receiving modules are located on the top layer of the multilayer dielectric substrate, the digital control unit is located on the 3 rd to 6 th layers of the dielectric substrate, the 8-way calibration power divider is located on the 8 th layer of the dielectric substrate, the 4 8-way synthesizers are distributed on the 10 th layer and the 12 th layer of the dielectric substrate, and the 2 nd layer, the 7 th layer, the 9 th layer, the 11 th layer, and the 13 th layer are radio frequency layers.

in order to effectively solve the problem of electromagnetic compatibility under a multi-channel and multi-module complex electromagnetic environment and improve the feasibility and reliability of the assembly, a metal separation cavity with low density and light weight is adopted, and a metal separation cavity is adopted on the top layer of a multi-layer medium substrate to isolate each single-channel receiving module. The metal separation cavity is made of aluminum alloy, copper or a steel plate plated with a conductive layer. Meanwhile, in order to avoid crosstalk self-excitation among sensitive modules such as low-noise amplifiers and the like, each single-path receiving module is divided into two areas through a metal partition, and the first area comprises a first coupler, a second coupler, a first filter, a second filter, a rotary direction selection switch and a first low-noise amplifier; the second area comprises a second low noise amplifier, a 1-division-4-shunt and a multi-path numerical control phase-shifting attenuator.

As shown in fig. 3, the receiving module has a volume of only 130mm × 66mm × 11mm, and can be configured as a standard of an active phased array antenna, the radio frequency input/output interface is an SMP radio frequency connector, the SMP radio frequency connector is a subminiature blind-mate radio frequency connector, and the SMP radio frequency connector is selected to realize functions of high frequency use, quick connection between modules, and the like, and has the advantages of strong vibration resistance, allowance of a certain mismatch amount in the axial direction and the radial direction, and the like. (ii) a The input end low frequency interface of the digital control unit adopts a J30J connector, the structure is compact, the repeatability is strong, the phased array radar array is more flexible, the system is miniaturized, the installation and the disassembly are convenient and fast, and the application range is wider.

the 8-channel receiving assembly comprises a combiner network with the volume of 130mm multiplied by 66mm multiplied by 11mm, the bandwidth of an X frequency band is 1.5GHz, more than or equal to 4 wave beam information can be received simultaneously, the noise coefficient is less than or equal to 3.0dB, the receiving gain is more than or equal to 25.8dB, the phase RMS is less than or equal to 3.0 degrees, the attenuation RMS is less than or equal to 0.4dB, and the left-hand and right-hand circularly polarized optional receiving assembly can perform filtering, amplifying, phase shifting and attenuating functions on signals received by an antenna in the X frequency band and send the signals into a synthesis network to form 4 wave beam signals for data processing at the rear end. The radio frequency interface is an SMP interface, the video interface is J30J-21ZK, the system is installed in a blind insertion mode, the advantages of system miniaturization, convenient installation and disassembly and the like are achieved, and the method can be applied to various phased array systems.

The invention adopts an integrated and standard standardized design, has small debugging amount and high consistency of the receiving assembly, can effectively reduce the development time, can realize large-scale and assembly line production, provides powerful guarantee for the delivery of mass and high-reliability products, and leads the design of a phased array system to be more flexible as a standard module assembly.

the parts of the invention not described in detail are common general knowledge of a person skilled in the art.