阅读说明：本技术 一种竹材阻燃改性处理方法 (Flame-retardant modification treatment method for bamboo wood ) 是由 毛克升 于 2019-10-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种竹材阻燃改性处理方法,属于竹制品阻燃处理技术领域。所述竹材阻燃改性处理方法是先用4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯溶液对竹材进行一次改性处理,再用9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物溶液对竹材进行二次改性处理。本发明提供的竹材阻燃改性处理方法能够显著提高竹材的阻燃性和阻燃稳定性,且处理过程操作简单、易于控制,便于实现工业化大批量生产。(The invention discloses a bamboo flame-retardant modification treatment method, and belongs to the technical field of flame-retardant treatment of bamboo products. The bamboo flame-retardant modification treatment method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out primary modification treatment on bamboo by using a 4, 4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate solution, and then carrying out secondary modification treatment on the bamboo by using a 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide solution. The bamboo flame-retardant modification treatment method provided by the invention can obviously improve the flame retardance and flame-retardant stability of the bamboo, and the treatment process is simple to operate and easy to control, and is convenient for realizing industrial mass production.)

1. A bamboo flame-retardant modification treatment method is characterized in that firstly, 4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate solution is used for carrying out primary modification treatment on bamboo, and then 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide solution is used for carrying out secondary modification treatment on the bamboo; the method specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) placing the dried bamboo sample in an automatic vacuum pressurization tank, vacuumizing until the vacuum degree is 0.05-0.09 MPa, maintaining the pressure for 30-90 min, injecting 5-10 wt% of dioxane solution of 4, 4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate, pressurizing to 1-1.5 MPa, maintaining the pressure for 1-2 h, and releasing the pressure; continuously soaking for 2-4 h at normal pressure, taking out the bamboo sample, and carrying out vacuum drying for 24h at 60 ℃ to obtain a bamboo sample subjected to primary modification treatment;

(2) placing the bamboo sample subjected to primary modification treatment in an automatic vacuum pressurization tank, vacuumizing until the vacuum degree is 0.04-0.08 MPa, maintaining the pressure for 20-40 min, injecting 10-20 wt% of a dioxane solution of 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide, pressurizing to 1-2 MPa, maintaining the pressure for 1-2 h, and releasing the pressure; and continuously impregnating for 3-6 h at normal pressure, taking out the bamboo sample, and carrying out vacuum drying for 24h at 60 ℃ to obtain the secondary modified bamboo sample, namely the finished product.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of flame retardant treatment of bamboo products, and particularly relates to a flame retardant modification treatment method of bamboo.

Background

China is one of the most abundant countries of bamboo resources in the world. Compared with wood, bamboo has the advantages of faster growth, stronger vitality, higher yield and better toughness, so the bamboo has an irreplaceable status in buildings, furniture and decorative materials. However, the bamboo is extremely easy to burn and cause fire when meeting flame or strong heat radiation, and the danger greatly limits the popularization and the application of the bamboo, so the flame retardant modification treatment of the bamboo has important economic value and social significance. The flame retardant or flame retardant coating is coated on the surface of the bamboo wood, which is a common treatment method for flame retardant treatment of the bamboo wood, the surface coating treatment process has small influence on the physical and mechanical properties of the bamboo wood and is simple to operate, but the bamboo wood subjected to surface coating treatment has poor flame retardant stability, and once a protective layer is worn or damaged, the flame retardant property is weakened or disappeared immediately. Chinese patent CN 105459223a discloses a manufacturing process method of flame retardant bamboo-wood board, which coats flame retardant paint on the surface of bamboo-wood board for flame retardant, but the flame retardant paint is easy to run off during the use of bamboo, and the flame retardant stability is poor. Zhengming (Zhengming, Wang armor, Wuqiang, Zhang Wen Bing, Zhang Chun, Lichao, Zhongming, Zhang Shuhua; performance study of bamboo chips treated by impregnation with 3 kinds of flame retardants, bamboo academic, 2016, 35 (4): 8-13) treated bamboo chips by atmospheric impregnation using three kinds of flame retardants, such as ammonium hydrogenphosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and a mixture of boric acid and borax. The results show that the three flame retardants can improve the flame retardant property of the bamboo chips, but the defects of poor loss resistance exist.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a bamboo flame-retardant modification treatment method aiming at the defects that bamboo is easy to burn and the loss resistance of the existing bamboo flame-retardant treatment method is poor. The bamboo flame-retardant modification treatment method provided by the invention can obviously improve the flame retardance and flame-retardant stability of the bamboo, and the treatment process is simple to operate and easy to control, and is convenient for realizing industrial mass production.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a flame-retarding modifying method for bamboo includes such steps as primary modifying with 4, 4' -diphenyl methane diisocyanate solution, and secondary modifying with 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide solution.

The bamboo flame-retardant modification treatment method specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) placing the dried bamboo sample in an automatic vacuum pressurization tank, vacuumizing until the vacuum degree is 0.05-0.09 MPa, maintaining the pressure for 30-90 min, injecting 5-10 wt% of dioxane solution of 4, 4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate, pressurizing to 1-1.5 MPa, maintaining the pressure for 1-2 h, and releasing the pressure; continuously soaking for 2-4 h at normal pressure, taking out the bamboo sample, and carrying out vacuum drying for 24h at 60 ℃ to obtain a bamboo sample subjected to primary modification treatment;

(2) placing the bamboo sample subjected to primary modification treatment in an automatic vacuum pressurization tank, vacuumizing until the vacuum degree is 0.04-0.08 MPa, maintaining the pressure for 20-40 min, injecting 10-20 wt% of a dioxane solution of 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide, pressurizing to 1-2 MPa, maintaining the pressure for 1-2 h, and releasing the pressure; and continuously impregnating for 3-6 h at normal pressure, taking out the bamboo sample, and carrying out vacuum drying for 24h at 60 ℃ to obtain the secondary modified bamboo sample, namely the finished product.

The dimensions of the bamboo sample were 100mm × 100mm × 10 mm.

The invention has the following remarkable advantages:

(1) the invention chemically bonds 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide and bamboo fiber through 4, 4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and can obviously improve the dispersibility and stability of the 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide flame retardant in bamboo.

(2) The invention utilizes the conventional methods of vacuum pressure impregnation, normal pressure impregnation and the like to carry out flame retardant modification treatment on the bamboo wood, the operation of the treatment process is simple, the control is easy, and the industrial mass production is convenient to realize.

(3) The 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide can endow the bamboo wood with excellent flame retardance, and the effective chemical bonding effect of the 4, 4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate can endow the bamboo wood with excellent flame retardance stability, so that the flame retardance and the flame retardance stability of the bamboo wood can be remarkably improved by the bamboo wood flame retardance modification treatment method, the ignition time and the total fuming amount of the bamboo wood before treatment are respectively 21.2s, 20.9s, 20.8s, 20.2s, 20.1s and 7.85m at 0d, 1d, 3d, 7d and 15d²、7.90m²、7.93m²、7.96m²、7.99m²The ignition time and the total fuming amount of the treated bamboo wood are respectively 31.8-37.7 s, 29.2-33.8 s, 27.9-31.9 s, 27.1-30.7 s, 26.5-30.3 s and 0.52-0.72 m at 0d, 1d, 3d, 7d and 15d²、0.63～0.96m²、0.73～1.04m²、0.82～1.21m²、0.86～1.29m²And the treatment process is simple to operate and easy to control, and is convenient for realizing industrialized mass production.

Detailed Description

The advantages and effects of the bamboo flame retardant modification treatment method in the present embodiment are further illustrated by several groups of examples and comparative examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.