阅读说明：本技术 清洁型黄姜发酵工艺 (Clean type yellow ginger fermentation process ) 是由 彭立增 王宝亮 侯晓琳 王恒锋 姚小军 孙秀伟 于 2019-09-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于黄姜发酵领域,具体涉及一种清洁型黄姜发酵工艺。将黄姜粗粉发酵,将得到的发酵液在超声辅助下进行超声搅拌,然后进行粗分离得到浑浊粗滤液和滤渣,将浑浊粗滤液使用沉降离心机分离得到清液和少量固体,将固体部分进行水解,水解物进行提取结晶,得到皂素。本发明不但能保持较高的收率,也可以很大程度上解决高污染废水问题；水解用酸量减少了90％,高浓度废酸水相应了减少了90％,大大降低了高浓废水排放,减少了污染；湿品水解物减少,烘干量大大减少,节约了蒸汽用量,效率更高更环保；水解物含量高,提取效率更高,溶剂用量更少；滤渣不含酸可直接用做有机肥,实现综合利用；滤液通过蒸馏可回收套用,减少了废水排放。(The invention belongs to the field of yellow ginger fermentation, and particularly relates to a clean yellow ginger fermentation process. Fermenting the turmeric coarse powder, performing ultrasonic stirring on the obtained fermentation liquor under the assistance of ultrasonic waves, performing coarse separation to obtain turbid coarse filtrate and filter residue, separating the turbid coarse filtrate by using a sedimentation centrifuge to obtain clear liquid and a small amount of solid, hydrolyzing the solid part, and extracting and crystallizing hydrolysate to obtain saponin. The invention not only can keep higher yield, but also can solve the problem of high pollution of waste water to a great extent; the acid consumption for hydrolysis is reduced by 90%, the high-concentration waste acid water is correspondingly reduced by 90%, the discharge of high-concentration waste water is greatly reduced, and the pollution is reduced; the hydrolysate of the wet product is reduced, the drying amount is greatly reduced, the steam consumption is saved, the efficiency is higher and the environment is more protected; the hydrolysate content is high, the extraction efficiency is higher, and the solvent consumption is less; the filter residue which does not contain acid can be directly used as an organic fertilizer, so that comprehensive utilization is realized; the filtrate can be recycled by distillation, thereby reducing the discharge of waste water.)

1. A clean type yellow ginger fermentation process is characterized by comprising the following steps: fermenting the turmeric coarse powder, performing ultrasonic stirring on the obtained fermentation liquor under the assistance of ultrasonic waves, performing coarse separation to obtain turbid coarse filtrate and filter residue, separating the turbid coarse filtrate by using a sedimentation centrifuge to obtain clear liquid and a small amount of solid, hydrolyzing the solid part, and extracting and crystallizing hydrolysate to obtain saponin.

2. The clean type turmeric fermentation process of claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic stirring is 20-40kHz, and the ultrasonic time is 1-100 minutes.

3. The clean type turmeric fermentation process of claim 1, wherein: adding water into the filter residue obtained after the coarse separation, performing ultrasonic stirring, filtering to obtain turbid filtrate and filter residue, adding water into the obtained filter residue, performing ultrasonic stirring, and filtering until the obtained filtrate is clear; and combining the obtained clear filtrate with the turbid coarse filtrate obtained by the coarse separation, and then separating by using a sedimentation centrifuge to obtain clear liquid and a small amount of solid.

4. The clean type turmeric fermentation process of claim 1, wherein: the crude separation is filter pressing using filter cloth.

5. The clean type turmeric fermentation process of claim 1, wherein: the solid fraction is subjected to hydrolysis to: the solid part is hydrolyzed by adding sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid.

6. The clean type turmeric fermentation process of claim 5, wherein: the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 0.8-1.2mol/L, the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 2-3mol/L, and the dosage of the sulfuric acid or the hydrochloric acid is 40-50ml per 100g of yellow ginger coarse powder.

7. The clean type turmeric fermentation process of claim 5, wherein: the conditions for hydrolysis by adding sulfuric acid are as follows: the temperature is 120-; the conditions for adding hydrochloric acid to hydrolyze are as follows: refluxing for 2-6 hours.

8. The clean type turmeric fermentation process of claim 1, wherein: and distilling the clear liquid obtained by using a sedimentation centrifuge and then using the distilled clear liquid as process water.

9. The clean type turmeric fermentation process of claim 1, wherein: the hydrolysate is extracted and crystallized as follows: filtering the hydrolyzed material, washing the solid to neutrality, oven drying to obtain hydrolysate, and reflux-extracting the hydrolysate with No. 120 solvent oil for crystallization to obtain saponin.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of yellow ginger fermentation, and particularly relates to a clean yellow ginger fermentation process.

Background

The traditional production of the yellow ginger generally adopts a pre-fermentation method, and the process is simple and has high yield, so that the method is widely popularized, but the biggest problem is that a large amount of waste water is generated. The traditional production process is that the raw materials are pretreated by water immersion, crushing, fermentation and the like, then 3 percent dilute sulfuric acid or dilute hydrochloric acid is added for hydrolysis, starch and cellulose are hydrolyzed into glucose, and glucoside is hydrolyzed into rhamnose, glucose and saponin. Then filtering, removing saccharides and the like with the filtrate, and obtaining the filtrate which is lignin and saponin insoluble in water. Neutralizing, rinsing, pulverizing, oven drying, and extracting saponin from the filtrate with 120# gasoline. Crystallizing, filtering and drying the extract to obtain the finished product of the saponin, wherein the wastewater in the production process of the diosgenin is mainly from the wastewater generated after acid hydrolysis and filtration and the comprehensive wastewater generated after neutralization and washing.

The waste water produced by the diosgenin production has complex components, high acidity, high organic matter content, dark brown water body and considerable amount of refractory diosgenin and surface active substances in the water, and belongs to high-concentration organic industrial waste water. Poor biodegradability; the sugar content is high, and the treatment is very difficult. The development of the yellow ginger industry has been seriously hindered due to its high pollution, and the solution of the waste water problem is a very important task.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a clean type turmeric fermentation process, which not only can keep higher yield, but also solves the problem of high-pollution wastewater to a great extent, reduces the acid amount for hydrolysis by 90 percent, greatly reduces the discharge of high-concentration wastewater, saves the steam consumption, and has higher efficiency and more environmental protection.

The clean type turmeric fermentation process comprises the steps of fermenting turmeric coarse powder, carrying out ultrasonic stirring on obtained fermentation liquor under the assistance of ultrasonic waves, then carrying out coarse separation to obtain turbid coarse filtrate and filter residue, separating the turbid coarse filtrate by using a sedimentation centrifuge to obtain clear liquid and a small amount of solid, hydrolyzing the solid part, and extracting and crystallizing hydrolysate to obtain saponin.

Wherein:

the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic stirring is 20-40kHz, and the frequency has better extraction effect. The ultrasound time is 1-100 min, preferably 10-30 min, the time is too short and the extraction is insufficient, the time is too long and the efficiency is low.

Adding water into the filter residue obtained after the coarse separation, performing ultrasonic stirring, filtering to obtain turbid filtrate and filter residue, adding water into the obtained filter residue, performing ultrasonic stirring, and filtering until the obtained filtrate is clear; and combining the obtained clear filtrate with the turbid coarse filtrate obtained by the coarse separation, and then separating by using a sedimentation centrifuge to obtain clear liquid and a small amount of solid.

The crude separation is filter pressing using filter cloth.

The solid fraction is subjected to hydrolysis to: the solid part is hydrolyzed by adding sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid.

The concentration of the sulfuric acid is 0.8-1.2mol/L, the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 2-3mol/L, and the dosage of the sulfuric acid or the hydrochloric acid is 40-50ml per 100g of yellow ginger coarse powder.

The conditions for hydrolysis by adding sulfuric acid are as follows: the temperature is 120-; the conditions for adding hydrochloric acid to hydrolyze are as follows: refluxing for 2-6 hr.

And distilling the clear liquid obtained by using a sedimentation centrifuge and then using the distilled clear liquid as process water.

The hydrolysate is extracted and crystallized as follows: filtering the hydrolyzed material, washing the solid to neutrality, oven drying to obtain hydrolysate, and reflux-extracting the hydrolysate with No. 120 solvent oil for crystallization to obtain saponin.

The process comprises the steps of performing rough separation under the assistance of ultrasound after the fermentation of raw materials is finished to obtain turbid rough filtrate and filter residue, separating the turbid rough filtrate by using a sedimentation centrifuge to obtain clear liquid and a small amount of solid, adding sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid into the solid part for hydrolysis, and extracting and crystallizing hydrolysate according to a conventional process to obtain saponin. Through the treatment, the acid consumption can be reduced to 10 percent of the original consumption, the waste water amount is greatly reduced, and the problem of high-pollution waste water is solved.

The key steps of the invention are that the saponin is separated out by adopting ultrasound assistance after fermentation, plant cells are destroyed after fermentation, internal starch is decomposed, cavitation inside the cells is caused, the saponin which is originally and compactly combined on cell walls is exposed, the saponin can directly fall off from the cell walls under the action of ultrasound, the rest filter residue almost does not contain the saponin, the saponin can be enriched by settling and centrifuging filtrate, and the acid consumption is greatly reduced by hydrolyzing only the part of saponin, thereby solving the problem of acid wastewater.

The clear liquid after sedimentation and centrifugation does not contain saponin, and can be directly used as process water after distillation.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

(1) the clean type yellow ginger fermentation process not only can keep higher yield (equivalent to the fermentation process), but also can solve the problem of high pollution of waste water to a great extent.

(2) The acid consumption for hydrolysis is reduced by 90%, the high-concentration waste acid water is correspondingly reduced by 90%, the high-concentration wastewater discharge is greatly reduced, and the pollution is reduced.

(3) The invention reduces the hydrolysate of the wet product, greatly reduces the drying amount, saves the steam consumption, and has higher efficiency and more environmental protection.

(4) The hydrolysate content is high, the extraction efficiency is higher, and the solvent consumption is less.

(5) The filter residue can be directly used as organic fertilizer without acid, thus realizing comprehensive utilization.

(6) The filtrate can be recycled by distillation, thereby reducing the discharge of waste water.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.