阅读说明：本技术 基于近景摄影测量的流域库岸形变数据自动实时处理方法 (The automatic real-time processing method of basin library bank deformation data based on close-range photogrammetry ) 是由 周伟 常晓林 程翔 周志伟 马刚 梅江洲 于 2019-07-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种基于近景摄影测量的流域库岸形变数据自动实时处理方法,属于变形监测领域。该自动实时处理方法基于GPS和控制点,采用具有尺度不变性的SIFT算子和运动恢复结构技术SFM对获取的近景拍摄的图像资料建立高精度数字地面模型(DSM),模型通过精度检核后,对两期DSM进行差分即可获得形变,再通过三维可视化的方式可直观展示形变数据,随后将形变数据分别发送至水电站管理部门、公司主管部门、国土资源管理部门,最终实现流域库岸近景拍摄图像资料的自动实时处理。该发明可以实时自动掌握流域库岸的形变数据,有利于流域库岸的长期安全监测,有利于保障流域安全和维护国家稳定。(The present invention provides a kind of automatic real-time processing method of basin library bank deformation data based on close-range photogrammetry, belongs to deformation monitoring field.The automatic real-time processing method is based on GPS and control point, using with scale invariability SIFT operator and exercise recovery structure technology SFM high accuracy number ground model (DSM) is established to the image document of the close shot of acquisition shooting, after model is checked by precision, carrying out difference to two phases DSM can be obtained deformation, deformation data can be intuitively shown by way of three-dimensional visualization again, deformation data is then respectively sent to power station administrative department, department, co-director, land and resources administration department, the final automatic real-time processing for realizing basin library bank close shot shooting image document.The invention can grasp the deformation data of basin library bank automatically in real time, be conducive to the long-term safety monitoring of basin library bank, be conducive to ensure river basin security and safeguard national stability.)

1. a kind of automatic real-time processing method of basin library bank deformation data based on close-range photogrammetry, it is characterised in that: be based on GPS and control point, using the close shot shooting of SIFT operator and exercise recovery structure technology SFM to acquisition with scale invariability Image document establish Ground Nuclear Magnetic Resonance mathematical model DSM, after model is checked by precision, after two phase of front and back image difference Deformation data is intuitively shown in a manner of three-dimensional visualization, allows administrative staff that can accurately grasp library bank in basin in real time automatically The deformation data of side slope, and realize high-speed decision；The precision checks the check point GPS coordinate referred to using being previously set, right The characteristic point coordinate progress precision of corresponding position checks in high accuracy number ground model, and precision, which is met the requirements, can carry out difference Obtain three-dimensional deformation data.

2. the basin library bank deformation data automatic real-time processing method according to claim 1 based on close-range photogrammetry, It is characterized by: described establish Ground Nuclear Magnetic Resonance mathematical model, specific step is as follows

The extraction of photograph characteristic point, spliced panoramic image are first carried out using the SIFT operator with scale invariability；Recycle fortune The dynamic structure technology SFM that restores is aided with preset control point and its GPS coordinate to panoramic mosaic image progress three-dimensionalreconstruction, Establish Ground Nuclear Magnetic Resonance mathematical model.

3. the basin library bank deformation data according to claim 1 or 2 based on close-range photogrammetry processing side in real time automatically Method, it is characterised in that: the spliced panoramic image, the specific steps are as follows:

Pass through the characteristic point of SIFT operator extraction adjacent image first, and determines the feature vector of characteristic point；It is adjacent to export multiple groups The SIFT feature vectogram of two pictures and the matching total figure of two pictures；SIFT matching and panoramic mosaic algorithm are recycled, it is right All images that entire basin library bank is used are grouped splicing, obtain final reservoir stability panoramic pictures.

Technical field

The invention belongs to deformation monitoring fields, are related to the processing of basin library bank deformation data.It refers specifically to a kind of based on close shot The photogrammetric automatic real-time processing method of basin library bank deformation data.

Background technique

In recent years, China modernizes every building cause and quickly grows, in the international noncommittal background of macroeconomic situation Under, China, which still remains, to grow steadily, and the super-huge project such as large quantities of water conservancy and hydropower facilities, energy project, high-speed railway continues Construction.These engineerings bring the people chance and objective economic well-being of workers and staff of employment really, make the rows such as economy and employment expediently The development of industry is more smooth, but these building-up works are also along with many security risks.Especially in the stream of China Midwest Domain is regional, and the feature more than height above sea level, mountain area to will appear a large amount of side slope in Process of Engineering Construction, how to ensure basin library bank The stabilization of side slope is problem in the urgent need to address in reality.

Reservoir stability unstability refers to that side slope can occur to be displaced on a large scale in the case where unstable, causes massif or the soil body Landslide.Slope instability not only influences whether traffic safety, increases construction cost, and schedule delays also result in the people's Life and property loss.Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 results in many places landslide of basin library bank, and landslide also forms perhaps More barrier lakes, these barrier lakes have danger of breaching a dyke at any time, cause a significant threat to the village and small towns at the foot of the hill.Reservoir stability calamity Harmful generation has certain emergentness, but existing research shows that unstable reservoir bank occurs to be before omen, library bank is in unstability Biggish deformation has generally been had begun before.So being unfolded to monitor to reservoir stability, it is to ensure that the important means of stable reservoir bank.

With the development of observation instrument and observation technology, there is geodesic method, instrument measurement method, GPS mensuration, close Scape photogrammetry etc..

Geodesic method mainly has much relations with measurement instrument, it obtains measurement number by measuring point and ranging According to common instrument has total station, precision level etc..Geodesic method is wide with measurement range, it is big to survey library bank deformation section And the advantages that can determining the absolute value of reservoir stability deformation；But geodesic method is also restricted by several factors, landform The problems such as condition, meteorological condition, inconvenient and heavy workload, greatly limits the application of geodesic method.

Instrument measurement method is measured using instrument such as displacement meter, inclinometers.The measurement content of this method includes library Bank surface and the internal displacement generated.The advantages of instrument observation method, is that the data such as the displacement on side slope surface can not only be measured, goes back The data such as the displacement inside side slope can be measured；The disadvantage is that instrument observation is owned by France, in contact type measurement, measurement range is small, Wu Faquan Side slope covering, can only measure the data on embedded ground, and have range limitation, be unable to monitored over time deformation of slope, once side slope is sent out The large range displacements such as raw sliding failure, instrument are easy to be destroyed, can not be used continuously.

For this kind of key project of basin library bank, the result of unstable reservoir bank is often extremely serious.Appeal two kinds of traditional measurements Method lacks the condition automatically processed in real time to deformation data, can not obtain the deformation of basin library bank in real time, namely It is unable to satisfy the requirement of real time monitoring library bank deformation.

GPS technology for deformation monitoring and close-range photogrammetry belong to novel monitoring technology.GPS measurement method can be any All weather positioning is realized in time, place, has computing speed fast, and positioning accuracy is high, high degree of automation, operating flexibility, operation The advantages that convenient；Close-range photogrammetry mainly determines target information and motion state by photography means.Close-range photogrammetry It is a kind of contactless method for measurement, it still can operation in the case where some landform complexes or inclement condition.It The a large amount of information of object can be being captured in a flash, and image can reuse.

Extraction for image characteristic point, what is be widely used at present has Moravec operator, Forstner operator, Harris Operator.Wherein Moravec operator is a kind of corner detection operator based on gray variance, which calculates some pixel in image Point is selected as the pixel along horizontal, vertical, diagonal line, back-diagonal four direction gray variance, minimum value therein Interest value, then detected whether by local non-maxima suppression as angle point.Moravec operator is quick to image border and noise Sense, and have limitation on direction；The basic thought of Forstner operator is: every to passing through in best window for angle point The edge line of a pixel is weighted centralization, obtains the positioning coordinate of angle point.For round shape point, to passing through in best window The gradient straight line of each pixel is weighted centralization, obtains the coordinate in the center of circle.But Forstner operator is it needs to be determined that threshold value, Therefore it is affected by image grayscale, contrast variation；Harris operator is that Harris and Stephens were proposed in 1998 A kind of point feature signal-based extract operator.Its predecessor is Moravec operator.Its basic thought is: designing in the picture One local detection window investigates the average energy variation of window, when the energy when the window does minute movement in all directions When amount variation is more than the threshold value of setting, the central pixel point of window is just extracted as angle point.But Harris operator to scale very Sensitivity does not have scale invariability, and the angle point that it is extracted is Pixel-level.

Furthermore the deformation data of current basin library bank is less is shown in the form of three-dimensional visualization, exercise recovery knot Structure technology SFM can from the photo of a pile Same Scene when the three-dimensional structure and photograph taking of restoration scenario camera position. SFM is widely applied with its feature low to image Gesture, that matching effect is good in 3-dimensional reconstruction field. After 2007, Noah etc. dominates according to SFM theory and develops bundler reconstruction framework, can use unordered image sequence, Carry out scene three-dimensional reconstruction, but its extracted in reconstruction process be image sparse key point, can only obtain the dilute of target Dredge point cloud model.It is three-dimensional that domestic Wang Jun et al. proposes the building facade based on the fusion of images match-cloud on the basis of SFM It rebuilds.Shen Yonglin et al. has carried out three-dimensional reconstruction to calamity field using unmanned image.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is to design to solve above-mentioned insufficient, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of stream based on close-range photogrammetry The automatic real-time processing method of domain library bank deformation data, can handle the image document that up short obtains, and export in real time automatically The deformation data of basin reservoir stability.

To achieve the goals above, the basin library bank deformation data provided by the invention based on close-range photogrammetry is automatically real When processing method, it is characterised in that: be based on GPS and control point, using SIFT operator and exercise recovery with scale invariability Structure technology SFM establishes Ground Nuclear Magnetic Resonance mathematical model DSM to the image document of the close shot shooting of acquisition, and model is examined by precision After core, after two phase of front and back image difference can the mode of three-dimensional visualization intuitively show deformation data, allow administrative staff can The automatic deformation data for accurately grasping reservoir stability in basin in real time, and realize high-speed decision；The precision, which checks, refers to benefit With the check point GPS coordinate being previously set, precision is carried out to the characteristic point coordinate of corresponding position in high accuracy number ground model It checks, precision, which is met the requirements, can carry out difference acquisition three-dimensional deformation data.

Preferably, described to establish Ground Nuclear Magnetic Resonance mathematical model, specific step is as follows

The extraction of photograph characteristic point, spliced panoramic image are first carried out using the SIFT operator with scale invariability；It is sharp again Three-dimensionalreconstruction is carried out to panoramic mosaic image with exercise recovery structure technology SFM, is aided with preset control point and its GPS is sat Mark, establishes Ground Nuclear Magnetic Resonance mathematical model.

Further, the spliced panoramic image, the specific steps are as follows:

Pass through the characteristic point of SIFT operator extraction adjacent image first, and determines the feature vector of characteristic point；Export multiple groups The SIFT feature vectogram of adjacent two picture and the matching total figure of two pictures；SIFT matching and panoramic mosaic is recycled to calculate Method, all images used to entire basin library bank are grouped splicing, obtain final reservoir stability panoramic pictures.

It advantages of the present invention and has the beneficial effect that:

(1) the present invention provides a kind of basin library bank deformation data based on close-range photogrammetry processing side in real time automatically Method；

(2) method provided by the present invention can carry out the deformation data of major river valley reservoir stability round-the-clock automatic Processing in real time；

(3) method provided by the present invention can simplify the process of processing basin library bank monitoring data, reduce manual errors Probability, the funds of post-processing data can be greatly reduced, there is huge economic benefit and social benefit；

(4) method provided by the present invention is based on GPS and control point, using SIFT operator and fortune with scale invariability Dynamic recovery structure technology SFM automatically processes the image document of the close shot shooting of acquisition in real time, and with three-dimensional visualization Form shows the deformation data of basin library bank, automatically processes in real time to reach, controls major river valley library bank deformation situation in real time Purpose.For ensureing that river basin security, mitigation casualty loss, maintenance national stability have great significance.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the automatic real-time processing method of basin library bank deformation data based on close-range photogrammetry.

Specific embodiment

Specific implementation of the invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.

The present invention is that the basin reservoir stability deformation data based on GPS and control point, SIFT operator and SFM algorithm is automatic Real time processing system.Specific implementation step is as follows:

1. carrying out field operation photography, i.e., repeatedly shot using up short method watershed reservoir stability, shooting interval It is determined depending on concrete engineering situation.The photograph of shooting is transmitted back in real time in the automatic real time processing system of data shown in FIG. 1, Every photographic parameter that up short uses is inputted into system simultaneously.

2. obtaining panoramic mosaic photo.Characteristic point is carried out using multiple the reservoir stability photos of SIFT operator to shooting to mention It takes, photo is spliced using the same characteristic features point extracted in multiple local pictures, export reservoir stability panoramic mosaic photo.

3.SFM three-dimensionalreconstruction.I.e. according to the GPS coordinate at control point, the reservoir stability obtained using SFM method from step 2 Three-dimensional information is extracted in panoramic mosaic photo, with going out the high accuracy number of basin reservoir stability using the three dimension reconstruction of acquisition Surface model DSM.

4. carrying out precision analysis.The high-precision that step 3 is established is checked using check point set in advance and its GPS coordinate Whether digital terrain model meets the required precision of setting.If meet required precision can to different moments obtain DSM into Row difference simultaneously exports deformation data；If being unsatisfactory for precision, system can auto-returned step 2 and repeat after the step of, until Deformation data is exported after meeting required precision.