阅读说明：本技术 一种适用于输送超低温介质的管道 (A kind of pipeline suitable for conveying ultralow temperature medium ) 是由 张晨 陈�峰 付子航 孙亚娟 彭延建 刘永浩 王亚群 吕梦芸 杨春艳 安东雨 陈 于 2019-08-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了适用于输送超低温介质的管道。该管道包括管道本体及所述管道本体外表面设置的功能层,所述功能层从内至外依次设置保温系统层和防撞保护外层；所述保温系统层包括保冷材料层和/或真空保冷层；所述保冷材料层是通过保冷材料直接在所述管道本体外部包裹实现；所述真空保冷层包括内壁和外壁两层套管,所述两层套管道之间通过支架连接,且所述两层套管道之间呈真空；所述防撞保护外层为混凝土套管。本发明中管道本体铺设膨胀节及保冷层满足工艺及土壤环境要求,管道承压能力满足道路要求,综合方案满足埋地环境的相关要求,能解决超低温(-162度)化工原料无法埋地输送的问题。(The invention discloses the pipelines for being suitable for conveying ultralow temperature medium.The pipeline includes the functional layer of pipeline body and pipeline body outer surface setting, and the functional layer sets gradually heat-insulation system layer and Anti-bumping protection outer layer from the inside to the outside；The heat-insulation system layer includes cold insulation material layer and/or vacuum Cold-keeping Layer；The cold insulation material layer is to wrap up realization directly outside the pipeline body by cold insulation material；The vacuum Cold-keeping Layer includes two layers of casing of inner and outer wall, is connected between two layers of set of tubes by bracket, and is in vacuum between two layers of set of tubes；The Anti-bumping protection outer layer is concrete sleeve.Pipeline body is laid with expansion joint in the present invention and Cold-keeping Layer meets technique and soil environment requirement, pipeline bearing capacity meets rto request, integration scenario meets the related request of buried environment, can solve ultralow temperature (- 162 degree) industrial chemicals can not buried conveying the problem of.)

1. a kind of pipeline suitable for conveying ultralow temperature medium, it is characterised in that: the pipeline includes pipeline body and the pipeline The functional layer of body outer surface setting, the functional layer set gradually heat-insulation system layer and Anti-bumping protection outer layer from the inside to the outside；

The heat-insulation system layer includes cold insulation material layer and/or vacuum Cold-keeping Layer；The cold insulation material layer is to pass through cold insulation material It wraps up and realizing directly outside the pipeline body；The vacuum Cold-keeping Layer includes two layers of casing of inner and outer wall, and described two layers It is connected between set of tubes by bracket, and is in vacuum between two layers of set of tubes；

The Anti-bumping protection outer layer is concrete sleeve.

2. pipeline according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cold insulation material layer is made of airsetting rubber mat；

The vacuum Cold-keeping Layer is made of steel construction vacuum cold insulation material.

3. pipeline according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the pipeline body outer surface and the heat-insulation system Between layer, bellows is axially set along the pipeline body.

4. pipeline according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: adopted between the pipeline body outer surface and the bellows It is connected with the mode of butt welding.

5. pipeline according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that: realized by stud the outside of the bellows The reinforcement of the pipeline body axial direction；

The heat-insulation system layer at the stud is cold insulation material layer, the cold insulation material layer at the stud It is made of at least one of airsetting rubber mat, polyisocyanurate layer and polyurethane, the cold insulation material layer passes through in institute The mode wrapped up outside pipeline body is stated to realize.

6. pipeline according to any one of claims 1-5, it is characterised in that: the heat-insulation system layer and the outer layer are anti- Damp-proof layer is set between crash protection layer.

7. pipeline according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the damp-proof layer is made of screen cloth, and is applied on screen cloth It smears matizhi or pitch is made.

8. pipeline described in any one of -7 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pipeline body uses austenite stainless Steel or selection high nickel steel are made；

The austenitic stainless steel is chosen in particular from 304,304L or double 304/304L；

The high nickel steel is chosen in particular from 36Ni or 9Ni steel alloy.

9. pipeline according to claim 1 to 8, it is characterised in that: when the quantity of the pipeline body is single When, the Anti-bumping protection outer layer is directly set in outside the heat-insulation system layer or the damp-proof layer；

When the quantity of the pipeline body is more, the Anti-bumping protection outer layer is arranged to the shape of culvert, the more pipes Road ontology is arranged inside the Anti-bumping protection outer layer.

10. pipeline of any of claims 1-9 is cryogenic media pipeline is buried, the application in undersea pipe-laying.

Technical field

The pipeline that the present invention relates to a kind of suitable for conveying ultralow temperature medium, belongs to petrochemical industry.

Background technique

The transport pipeline material of liquefied natural gas (LNG) generallys use austenitic stainless steel, such as Shuangpai County 304/304L, 304L etc..The outstanding low-temperature physical property of austenitic stainless steel and cheap price obtain the material in LNG industry It is widely applied, but since the material has biggish shrinking percentage, needs to design compensation of the expansion joint as secondary stress.Expansion joint Although design can effectively solve the problems, such as the contraction of pipeline secondary stress, the design width of piping lane frame is increased, it is even more impossible to realize Ultralow temperature medium pipeline it is buried, it is even more impossible to meet cryogenic media seabed buried pipeline demand, become the buried scheme of LNG pipeline Technical bottleneck constrains the development of LNG low temperature industry.

Summary of the invention

The pipeline that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of suitable for conveying ultralow temperature medium, the present invention can solve ultralow temperature (- 162 degree) industrial chemicals can not buried conveying the problem of.

A kind of pipeline suitable for conveying ultralow temperature medium provided by the invention, the pipeline include pipeline body and the pipe The functional layer of road body outer surface setting, the functional layer set gradually heat-insulation system layer and Anti-bumping protection outer layer from the inside to the outside；

The heat-insulation system layer includes cold insulation material layer and/or vacuum Cold-keeping Layer；The cold insulation material layer is to pass through cold insulation Material is directly wrapped up in pipeline external and being realized；The vacuum Cold-keeping Layer includes two layers of casing of inner and outer wall, two layers of casing It is connected between road by bracket, and is in vacuum between two layers of set of tubes；

The Anti-bumping protection outer layer is concrete sleeve.

In the present invention, the cold insulation material layer reaches the target for reducing the coefficient of overall heat transmission；

The Anti-bumping protection outer layer meets buried road for concrete sleeve to enhance the compression strength of low temperature process pipeline The requirement of face upper load.

In above-mentioned pipeline, the cold insulation material layer is made of airsetting rubber mat；

The vacuum Cold-keeping Layer is made of steel construction vacuum cold insulation material；The steel construction vacuum cold insulation material is ability Common used material well known to domain；Specifically, the vacuum Cold-keeping Layer can be to pass through between two layers of casing using double-layer stainless steel casing Stainless steel stent connection, and the gas between two layers of casing is vacuumized and is made.

In above-mentioned pipeline, between the pipeline body outer surface and the heat-insulation system layer, along the pipeline body axis To setting bellows, instead of conventional pav design in expansion bends, the shrinkage position that extraction duct material is generated by temperature loading It moves.

In above-mentioned pipeline, connected by the way of butt welding between the pipeline body outer surface and the bellows.

In above-mentioned pipeline, the outside of the bellows realizes the reinforcement of the pipeline body axial direction by stud；

The heat-insulation system layer at the stud is cold insulation material layer, the cold insulation material at the stud The bed of material is made of at least one of airsetting rubber mat, polyisocyanurate layer and polyurethane (abbreviation PUR), the cold insulation material The bed of material is realized by way of wrapping up outside the pipeline body.

In the present invention, realize absorb cryogenic media material shrinkage displacement and outside the bellows increase double threaded screw into The reinforcement of row pipeline axial direction is displaced the excessive excessive pulling force of generation after avoiding pipeline from being cooled；

The both ends of the ripple outer tube layer fastening for its threaded portion, reinforcement are realized by stud connection The tensile strength of bellows；Locking through-hole is axially arranged on the stud, the locking through-hole both ends are threadedly coupled There is promotion stud, the mounting hole that a circle is connected to locking through-hole is all provided on the stud outer wall of bolt, locking is installed in mounting hole Nut.

In above-mentioned pipeline, the cold insulation material layer depends on the axial reinforcement of the ripple outer tube layer using cladding thickness Stud；It is thickened by the cold insulation material layer, realizes the consistent of outer diameter tube.

In above-mentioned pipeline, damp-proof layer is set between the heat-insulation system layer and the outer layer Anti-bumping protection layer.

In above-mentioned pipeline, the damp-proof layer is made of screen cloth, and smearing matizhi or pitch are made on screen cloth.

In above-mentioned pipeline, the pipeline body is made of austenitic stainless steel and/or high nickel steel；By above-mentioned The bellows expansion joint being arranged, so that pipeline medium material is more selected, Buried Pipeline Material can not only make It is made of the lower austenitic stainless steel of constriction coefficient and/or high nickel steel, with save the cost.

In above-mentioned pipeline, the austenitic stainless steel includes 304,304L or double 304/304L；

The high nickel steel includes 36Ni or 9Ni steel alloy.

It, can between the Anti-bumping protection outer layer and the heat-insulation system layer or damp-proof layer adjacent thereto in above-mentioned pipeline Use two ways: when the quantity of the pipeline body for it is single when, the Anti-bumping protection outer layer is directly set in the heat preservation Outside system layer or the damp-proof layer；

When the quantity of the pipeline body is more, the Anti-bumping protection outer layer specifically can be set to the shape of culvert, The more pipeline bodies are arranged inside the Anti-bumping protection outer layer；When the Anti-bumping protection outer layer is arranged to culvert shape When, it can also inside increase the laying of other medium pipelines, pipeline body physical structure described in the Anti-bumping protection outer layer protection Well.

In the present invention, the thickness of cold insulation material layer or vacuum Cold-keeping Layer is calculated according to GB50264 in the heat-insulation system layer, It I is calculated according to the following formula:

Barrel surface heat insulation layer hull-skin temperature, II is calculated according to the following formula:

In formula I and formula II,

q_L: barrel surface heat insulation layer unit refrigerating loss, W/m；

T: product temperature, DEG C；

t_a: environment temperature, DEG C；

t_d: dew-point temperature, DEG C；

t_s: heat insulation layer hull-skin temperature, DEG C；

D₀: the outer diameter of pipeline, cylindrical device and spherical container, m；

D₁: the outer diameter of pipeline, cylindrical device and spherical container single layer heat insulation layer, m；

λ: the thermal coefficient of single layer heat insulation layer material product at service temperatures, W/ (mK)；

α_s: surface film thermal conductance, W/ (m²·K)。

In the present invention, it is 0.003W/mK that the vacuum degree of the vacuum Cold-keeping Layer, which need to meet heat transfer coefficient, cold insulation material It is 0.023W/mK that heat transfer coefficient, which is not less than, needs that boil-off gas BOG yield and local environment temperature is combined to be adjusted meter It calculates；The thickness of the outer layer Anti-bumping protection layer needs that pipeline strength requirement is combined to comprehensively consider.

The invention has the following advantages that

1, it is laid with expansion joint in inventive pipeline and Cold-keeping Layer meets technique and soil environment requirement, pipeline bearing capacity are full Sufficient road (highway) requires, and integration scenario meets the related request of buried environment.

2, the present invention can solve the skill that big underground thermal coefficient, buried load bearing demand and expansion joint for pipeline can not be laid with Art problem；Especially solve the ultralow temperature (such as -162 that the regions such as highway road, railway road, dykes and dams even seabed are faced Degree) medium (such as LNG, LPG) can not by traditional laying method realize convey the problem of.

3, inventive pipeline ontology is made of austenitic stainless steel and/or high nickel steel, compared to spreading on the ground If ultralow temperature pipeline for, pipeline has not only substantially been saved in certain engineering projects and has been laid to this, environmental protection also can be improved and want It asks.Buried, undersea pipe-laying demand that the present invention is especially suitable for cryogenic media pipelines, can solve numerous project cryogenic medias Convey the routing issue being related to.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of inventive pipeline.

Fig. 2 is bellows structural schematic diagram in inventive pipeline.

Schematic diagram of the pipeline in LNG buried region arrangement when Fig. 3 is present invention application.

It is respectively marked in figure as follows:

1 steel pipe；2 heat-insulation system layers；3 damp-proof layers；4 Anti-bumping protection outer layers.

Specific embodiment

Experimental method used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified.

The materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples is commercially available unless otherwise specified.

Invention is further explained with reference to the accompanying drawing, but the invention is not limited to following embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, being the structural schematic diagram of inventive pipeline.The present invention is suitable for conveying the pipeline packet of ultralow temperature medium Include pipeline body (specific as steel pipe 1) and heat-insulation system layer 2 and Anti-bumping protection outer layer 4 that pipeline body outer surface is set gradually.

Heat-insulation system layer 2 includes by the cold insulation material layer and/or vacuum Cold-keeping Layer except interior；Vacuum Cold-keeping Layer includes inner wall It with two layers of casing of outer wall, is connected by bracket between two layers of set of tubes, and is in vacuum between two layers of set of tubes；

Concretely concrete sleeve is met buried Anti-bumping protection outer layer 4 with enhancing the compression strength of low temperature process pipeline The requirement of road surface upper load；

Damp-proof layer 3 is set between heat-insulation system layer 2 and Anti-bumping protection outer layer 4.

Further, damp-proof layer 3 is made of screen cloth, and smearing matizhi or pitch are made on screen cloth.

Further, cold insulation material layer is made of airsetting rubber mat；

Vacuum Cold-keeping Layer is made of steel construction vacuum cold insulation material；Steel construction vacuum cold insulation material is well known in the art Common used material；Specifically, the vacuum Cold-keeping Layer can be to pass through stainless steel branch using double-layer stainless steel casing between two layers of casing Frame connection, and the gas between two layers of casing is vacuumized and is made.

Further, between pipeline body outer surface and heat-insulation system layer, along pipeline body, axially setting bellows is (specific Structure is as shown in Figure 2), instead of conventional pav design in expansion bends, the shrinkage that extraction duct material is generated by temperature loading Displacement.

Further, it is connected by the way of butt welding between pipeline body outer surface and bellows, avoids cryogenic media Disclosure risk substitutes expansion joint extraction duct shrinkage displacement by bellows.

Further, the outside of bellows realizes the reinforcement of pipeline body axial direction by stud；

Heat-insulation system layer 2 at stud is cold insulation material layer, and the cold insulation material layer at stud uses aeroge Pad, polyisocyanurate layer and polyurethane at least one are made, and cold insulation material layer herein outside pipeline body by wrapping The mode wrapped up in is realized.

In the present invention, realizes the shrinkage displacement for absorbing cryogenic media material and increase double threaded screw carries out pipe outside bellows The reinforcement of road axial direction is displaced the excessive excessive pulling force of generation after avoiding pipeline from being cooled；

The fastening for its threaded portion is realized by stud connection in the both ends of ripple outer tube layer, reinforcement bellows Tensile strength；Locking through-hole is axially arranged on stud, locking through-hole both ends are threaded with promotion stud, bolt It is all provided with the mounting hole that a circle is connected to locking through-hole on stud outer wall, locking nut is installed in mounting hole.

Further, cold insulation material layer depends on the stud of the axial reinforcement of ripple outer tube layer using cladding thickness； It is thickened by cold insulation material layer, realizes the consistent of outer diameter tube.

Further, damp-proof layer 3 is set between heat-insulation system layer 2 and Anti-bumping protection outer layer 4.

Further, damp-proof layer 3 is made of screen cloth, and smearing matizhi or pitch are made on screen cloth.

Further, pipeline body is made of austenitic stainless steel and/or high nickel steel；Pass through the wave of above-mentioned setting Line pipe expansion joint so that pipeline medium material is more selected, Buried Pipeline Material not only can be used constriction coefficient compared with Low austenitic stainless steel and/or high nickel steel is made, with save the cost.

Further, austenitic stainless steel includes 304,304L or double 304/304L；

High nickel steel includes 36Ni or 9Ni steel alloy.

Further, between Anti-bumping protection outer layer 4 and heat-insulation system layer 2 or damp-proof layer 3 adjacent thereto for gapless or There is gap setting；Specifically, when gapless, Anti-bumping protection outer layer 4 is directly set in 3 outside of heat-insulation system layer 2 or damp-proof layer； When there is gap, Anti-bumping protection outer layer 4 specifically can be set to the form of " culvert ", 4 protective conduit ontology of Anti-bumping protection outer layer, with Anticollision.

In preferred one embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, heat-insulation system layer is specifically provided that heat-insulation system layer is divided into two Layer from process pipe (specific such as steel pipe 1) surface outward successively needs airsetting rubber mat and vacuum layer Cold-keeping Layer two parts.

The airsetting rubber mat (expansion joint bolt part uses foaming agent PUR) of first layer is by being wrapped in LNG pipeline external surface Play the role of completely cutting off vapor and cold insulation, aeroge mat thickness is greater than expansion joint outer bolt structure, passes through the guarantor of first layer Cooling layer will reinforce LNG expansion joint for pipeline part and pipeline other parts thickness always with bolt.

Second vacuum Cold-keeping Layer is inserted in vacuum cold insulation casing by the pipeline for completing first layer cold insulation.Second vacuum is protected Cooling layer point is itself divided into two layers of casing of inner and outer wall (being made of stainless steel), (is used not between two layers of casing by bracket Rust steel is made) connection.First layer pipeline is contacted with the pipeline external surface for completing first layer cold insulation, realizes second layer cold insulation The design of structure.After the installation for completing two layers of pipeline, by the evacuating air between second layer vacuum Cold-keeping Layer casing, vacuum is formed Cold-keeping Layer.

In preferred one embodiment, outer layer Anti-bumping protection layer is specifically provided that

4 part of Anti-bumping protection outer layer is that the cryogenic piping for completing heat-insulation system layer is inserted in concrete sleeve, with enhancing The compression strength of low temperature process pipeline meets buried road surface upper load requirement.

In the present invention, the thickness of cold insulation material layer or vacuum Cold-keeping Layer is calculated according to GB50264 in heat-insulation system layer 2, is pressed It is calculated according to following formula I:

Barrel surface heat insulation layer hull-skin temperature, II is calculated according to the following formula:

In formula I and formula II,

q_L: barrel surface heat insulation layer unit refrigerating loss, W/m；

T: product temperature, DEG C；

t_a: environment temperature, DEG C；

t_d: dew-point temperature, DEG C；

t_s: heat insulation layer hull-skin temperature, DEG C；

D₀: the outer diameter of pipeline, cylindrical device and spherical container, m；

D₁: the outer diameter of pipeline, cylindrical device and spherical container single layer heat insulation layer, m；

λ: the thermal coefficient of single layer heat insulation layer material product at service temperatures, W/ (mK)；

α_s: surface film thermal conductance, W/ (m²·K)。

In the present invention, it is 0.003W/mK that the vacuum degree of the vacuum Cold-keeping Layer, which need to meet heat transfer coefficient, cold insulation material It is 0.023W/mK that heat transfer coefficient, which is not less than, needs that boil-off gas BOG yield and local environment temperature is combined to be adjusted meter It calculates；The thickness of outer layer Anti-bumping protection layer needs that pipeline strength requirement is combined to comprehensively consider.

The present invention is especially suitable for the buried transportation schemes of pipeline of ultralow temperature medium (such as: LNG, LPG cryogenic media).

Further, two kinds be can be used between Anti-bumping protection outer layer 4 and heat-insulation system layer 2 or damp-proof layer 3 adjacent thereto Mode: when the quantity of pipeline body (steel pipe 1) is single, Anti-bumping protection outer layer 4 is directly set in heat-insulation system layer 2 or moisture-proof 3 outside of layer；

When the quantity of pipeline body (steel pipe 1) is more, Anti-bumping protection outer layer 4 specifically can be set to the shape of culvert, More pipeline bodies are arranged inside Anti-bumping protection outer layer 4；When Anti-bumping protection outer layer 4 is arranged to culvert shape, inside may be used Increase the laying of other medium pipelines, 4 protective conduit ontology physical structure of Anti-bumping protection outer layer it is good.

Specifically in one embodiment, when the quantity of steel pipe 1 is 2, as shown in figure 3, the present invention is in application, LNG is buried Section can be by concrete frame as protective shell, and as pipeline outer wall outer layer Anti-bumping protection layer 4 (concrete sleeve) is arranged to The form of " culvert " protects the good of 1 physical structure of steel pipe.