阅读说明：本技术 纵向骨植入物 (Longitudinal bone implant ) 是由 T·韦尔特 S·施韦尔 C·D·凯夫谬尔佩特 M·E·赫拉夫戈伊蒂亚奥尔蒂斯 于 2018-04-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种具有基本上呈圆形的横截面轮廓的纵向骨植入物,其包括具有前端的前部部分和具有后端的轴部部分,其中所述前部部分包括至少三个纵向沟槽状切口,所述至少三个纵向沟槽状切口在所述前部部分的轴向方向上延伸并且朝向所述植入物的前端敞开,所述至少三个纵向沟槽状切口与至少三个纵向的在径向上突出且在轴向方向上延伸的肋部在周向上交替排列,其中,所述肋部在沿径向更远离植入物的中心纵向轴线的部分中,具有与在沿径向更靠近植入物的中心纵向轴线的部分中的宽度相比增大的横截面宽度。此外,本发明还涉及所述植入物的用途和采用所述植入物的方法。(The present invention relates to a kind of longitudinal bone implants with substantially circular cross-sectional profiles, it includes the front part with front end and the axle portions with rear end, wherein the front part includes at least three longitudinal groove shape notch, the at least three longitudinal grooves shape notch extends on the axial direction of the front part and opens wide towards the front end of the implantation material, the at least three longitudinal grooves shape notch is alternately arranged in the circumferential at least three longitudinal flanks that are prominent radially and extending in the axial direction, wherein, the flank is radially further from the part of the central longitudinal axis of implantation material, with with the cross-sectional width increased compared with radially closer to the width in the part of the central longitudinal axis of implantation material.Moreover, it relates to the purposes of the implantation material and the method using the implantation material.)

1. a kind of longitudinal direction bone implant, with substantially circular cross-sectional profiles, the longitudinal direction bone implant includes: tool There are the non-threaded front part of front end, and the axle portions with rear end；Wherein the front part includes:

At least three longitudinal groove shape notch extend on the axial direction of the front part and towards the implantation material Front end open wide, at least three longitudinal grooves shape notch at least three longitudinal directions flanks outstanding radially in circumferential direction On be alternately arranged,

Described at least three longitudinal flanks outstanding radially, extend, wherein the flank is on edge in the axial direction It is radial further from the part of the central longitudinal axis of implantation material, have with radially closer to the center longitudinal axis of implantation material Width in the part of line is compared to the cross-sectional width increased.

2. implantation material according to claim 1, wherein the channel form slitted configurations radially with the flank phase It is right.

3. implantation material according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cross section of the flank is substantially T-shaped.

4. implantation material according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the edge quilt at the front end of the implantation material It is configured to notching edge.

5. implantation material according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the jag of the flank is included in radial side Upwardly-directed convex external surface and/or the flank include the concave surface oriented towards the longitudinal groove shape notch.

6. implantation material according to claim 5, wherein the front end of the convex surface of the flank is described including being configured to make The leading edge of notch and/or channel form notch towards the implantation material that the width of the leading edge of flank reduces is fallen Angle.

7. implantation material according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the channel form notch is towards the implantation material Axle portion gradually become smaller.

8. implantation material according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the channel form notch is towards axle portion described It is gradually become smaller in the whole length of channel form notch.

9. implantation material according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the channel form notch includes before notch Middle section between portion part and the end sections for being oriented to axle portion, wherein the middle section towards axle portion linearly gradually Become smaller, and the end sections for being oriented to axle portion gradually become smaller concavely towards axle portion.

10. implantation material according to any one of claim 1 to 7, wherein the channel form notch includes before notch Not gradually smaller middle section between portion part and the gradually smaller portions end part for being oriented to axle portion, wherein notch The longitudinal axis parallel alignment of bottom and the implantation material in the middle section, and it is oriented to the end sections of axle portion It is gradually become smaller towards axle portion.

11. implantation material according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the implantation material includes along the implantation material Longitudinal axis conduit, the conduit leads to the front-end and back-end of the implantation material.

12. implantation material according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface of axle portion includes prolonging in the axial direction At least one groove stretched, the groove preferably face the identical direction with one of notch.

13. implantation material according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the front part of the implantation material by diameter The diameter that the flank projected upwards limits is less than the diameter of the axle portion of the implantation material.

14. a kind of method using implantation material according to any one of the preceding claims comprising by the implantation material It is implanted in femur, wherein one channel form notch is oriented to cranium side direction in implantation.

15. a kind of component comprising implantation material according to any one of the preceding claims, the implantation material are assembled into marrow In interior nail.

Technical field

The present invention relates to longitudinal bone implant with substantially circular cross-sectional profiles, the longitudinal direction bone implant packets The front part with front end and the axle portions with rear end are included, wherein the front part includes at least three longitudinal grooves Shape notch, at least three longitudinal grooves shape notch extend on the axial direction of front part, towards the front end of implantation material It opens wide, and is alternately arranged in the circumferential at least three longitudinal flanks that are prominent radially and extending in the axial direction, Wherein the flank radially further from the part of the central longitudinal axis of implantation material, have with radially closer to plant Enter the width in the part of the central longitudinal axis of object compared to the cross-sectional width increased.Moreover, it relates to the implantation The purposes of object and the method for using the implantation material.

Background technique

The fracture (the especially fracture of cervical vertebra of femur or humerus or skull folding) of long bone proximal part usually passes through implantable medical Device is so that fracture stabilization is treated.Due to the high mechanical stress being applied on neck of femur, so that especially needed fixation stock Bone fracture.Usually by stablizing above-mentioned fracture in conjunction with two kinds of bone implants.First implantation material can be the marrow including transverse holes Interior nail, the intramedullary nail are implanted in the marrow internal channel of the proximal part of bone.Alternatively, angle template can be used, the angle template Include: the bone plate being attached on the outside of the proximal part of bone, and is angularly attached to the sleeve of the plate.Pass through the second implantation material Fracture head or neck of fracturing are fixed to the proximal part of bone, which is phillips driver, plus screw or blade, is planted Enter in head or neck to femur or humerus and be assembled into the transverse holes of intramedullary nail or the sleeve of angle template.It is suitable in order to provide When long-term fixation, it is necessary to phillips driver, screw or blade stability are implanted into bone, to prevent described device from moving in bone It is dynamic.In addition, the close connection between intramedullary nail or angle template and phillips driver, screw or blade should prevent in final implantation The rotation or longitudinal movement of phillips driver, screw or blade.

A kind of simple phillips driver is disclosed in United States Patent (USP) 3,433,220.The nail includes: proximal part, is had Longitudinal rib and groove for being engaged with bone；And distal portions, have for being engaged with the positioning screw in intramedullary nail Circumferential grooves and flank.However, the structure of proximal part may make this since the interaction of the nail and cancellous bone is limited Nail can be exited from bone.In addition, the interaction of distal portions and phillips driver and intramedullary nail can inhibit but can not prevent cross Follow closely the rotation in the transverse holes of intramedullary nail.

2 330 993 B1 of EP discloses a kind of screw, which is embedded into femoral head by intramedullary nail.Screw tool Have: threaded proximal part is used to interact with femoral head；And the distal shaft portion part including longitudinal groove, For being embedded in intramedullary nail.Front part has relatively large diameter, therefore cancellous bone is caused substantially to be displaced.Further, since The tooth height of screw thread is relatively small, so limiting the engagement of screw thread and bone.Therefore, the proximal part of the screw possibly can not prevent Device rotates in relatively soft cancellous bone, and generally can not prevent femoral head rotatory dislocation.

Implantation material disclosed in 1 233 712 B1 of EP attempts by the way that the second screw is lateral via second in intramedullary nail The rotational instability of screw is solved the problems, such as in hole insertion femoral head.However, by increasing in the second screw placement femoral head The complexity of surgical procedures.In addition, the intramedullary nail including the second transverse holes only can be used in this process.

As the substitution of threaded screw, such as 0 961 587 1 435 862 B1 and EP 2 018 of B1, EP of EP 127 B1 disclose the device for implementing in femoral head, which has configured with multiple blades twist reversed Proximal part.The distal portions of the device are configured in insertion intramedullary nail or in the sleeve of angle type bone plate.Although knife It is logical along the lateral movement of device axis that piece provides the femoral head that the surface increased is used to interact, but fracture with cancellous bone The serpentine torsion for crossing blade causes the rotation of fracture.Therefore, the stability of fracture is impaired.

0 701 419 B1 of EP discloses a kind of alternate design of device including blade.The front part packet of the device Include two substantially T-shaped flanks.The cross-sectional profiles of the device are not circular, including two opposite smooth sides And two opposite narrow convex sides, so that anti-locking apparatus rotates in the transverse holes in respective shapes of intramedullary nail.However, Due to the non-circular cross-section facial contour of the device, which cannot be used together with having the intramedullary nail of round transverse holes.It is planting When entering in femoral head, a convex side in the relatively narrow convex side of implantation material is upwardly-directed in cranium side.Therefore, although from cranium side Direction is applied with highest mechanical load to implantation material, but reduces the surface for absorbing the load in this direction. In addition, orientation of the flank in T shape flank in cranium side direction destroys the cancellous bone on highest mechanical stress direction. However, it is desirable to the cancellous bone in cranium side direction is maintained in improve stability of the implantation material in bone.

To sum up, the device of the prior art shows different design features, these design features cause implantation material to exist Stability in bone is impaired, and especially rotational stabilization is impaired.

Summary of the invention

The problem to be solved in the present invention

In view of the prior art, providing the bone implant for overcoming above-mentioned prior art disadvantage, purposes and method is that the present invention wants The general problem of solution.Particularly, implantation material should be with good stability in bone, and should be suitable for absorbing high mechanical negative Lotus.It is also contemplated that protecting cancellous bone during implantation material is embedded in bone, especially apply by highest mechanical load In on the direction of implantation material.In addition, implantation material should be suitble to be used together with having the Common intramedullary nail of round transverse holes.

The disclosure

Surprisingly it was discovered that by the bone implant and application thereof according to claim overcome the invention solves Problem.Further embodiment of the invention is outlined throughout the specification.

Subject of the present invention is longitudinal bone implant with substantially circular cross-sectional profiles comprising before having The front part at end and axle portions with rear end, wherein the front part includes at least three longitudinal groove shape notch, At least three longitudinal grooves shape notch extends on the axial direction of front part and opens wide towards the front end of implantation material, At least three longitudinal grooves shape notch and at least three longitudinal ribs protruded radially and extend in the axial direction Portion is alternately arranged in the circumferential, wherein the flank is radially further from the part of the central longitudinal axis of implantation material, tool Have with the cross-sectional width increased compared with radially closer to the width in the part of the central longitudinal axis of implantation material.

In highly preferred embodiment, front part is non-threaded.

Bone implant according to the present invention is the device for being suitable for completely or partially being embedded in bone, preferably insertion long bone In device, more preferably insertion humerus or femur in device.Most preferably, described device is suitable for being embedded in femur, preferably In neck of femur and/or femoral head.

Bone implant according to the present invention has substantially circular cross-sectional profiles.Within the meaning of the present invention, " horizontal Cross section profile " is that the entire main body of implantation material is projected in and the contour line in the plane of the longitudinal axis orthogonal of implantation material.At this In the meaning of invention, " cross section " etc. always refer to the section in the plane of the longitudinal axis orthogonal of implantation material, and it is " longitudinal horizontal Section " etc. refers to the section in the plane of the longitudinal axis of implantation material.Within the meaning of the present invention, " substantially circular " Profile is the significantly matched profile of circle with given radius.In the profile of " substantially circular ", contour line can compared with circle With protrusion or dent.Preferably, contour line can have dent.In certain embodiments, at least the 60% of profile, At least 70%, preferably at least 80% and/or more preferably at least 90% it can match with the circle of given radius.Most preferably, it takes turns Exterior feature can be circular.

Implantation material includes different parts along its longitudinal axis.Implantation material includes front part, with front end；And Axle portions, with rear end.Implantation material can have several parts between front part and axle portions.When be implanted by When in the bone of examination person, front part can orient on the proximal direction for the center of subject's body, and axle portion Part can be oriented in distal direction.Therefore, technically in feasible situation, term " front/proximal end " and " rear portion/remote End " is used interchangeably in the context of the present invention.

According to the present invention, implantation material has the channel form notch extended in the axial direction.Within the meaning of the present invention, " channel form notch " refers to the dent longitudinally extended in the main body of implantation material, no matter these dents are by cutting off from main body What material was still obtained by any other manufacture.The notch is opened wide towards the front end of implantation material.Therefore, the body of notch Product is not limited towards the front end of implantation material by material in a lateral direction.

The circumferentially alternating arrangement of central longitudinal axis of flank and channel form notch relative to implantation material.Therefore, flank and Groove is alternately arranged relative to the central longitudinal axis clockwise/counterclockwise of implantation material.

Term " flank outstanding radially " refers in the cross section of the front part of implantation material relative to implantation material Central longitudinal axis along radial direction the flank outstanding on groove.This external ribs also extends on longitudinal axial direction. Therefore, the longest extension of flank is in the longitudinal direction of the device.

Flank has the cross-sectional width increased in the part radially further from central longitudinal axis.Of the invention In meaning, " cross section " width of flank refer to flank with the width in the plane of the longitudinal axis orthogonal of implantation material.At least Ground, at least one flank radially on width further from the part of longitudinal axis and radially upper indulging closer to implantation material Width to the second part of axis is big compared to more.Within the meaning of the present invention, it is substantially T-shaped to cover cross section for this definition Flank, wherein the longitudinal axis of the base portion of " T " towards implantation material orients；Or cover the flank of cross section substantially l-shaped, In " L " top towards implantation material longitudinal axis orient.T shape flank is highly preferred embodiment of the invention.In addition, This definition also covers embodiment, wherein radially even closer to the Part III of central longitudinal axis compared with second part Also it can have the cross-sectional width bigger than second part.

In highly preferred embodiment of the invention, channel form notch can be configured to radially with flank phase It is right.Preferably, this construction is realized by the embodiment of implantation material, the implantation material include Odd number longitudinal rib and Longitudinal groove shape notch, wherein the quantity of longitudinal rib is identical as the quantity of longitudinal groove shape notch.Longitudinal rib and longitudinal ditch The quantity of channel-shaped notch can be respectively at least three, at least five and/or at least seven.Preferably, the groove and described The quantity of notch is at least three.

Implantation material according to the present invention has the advantages that significant compared with the existing technology.Including such as described and channel form notch The front part of (it is opened wide towards the front end of implantation material) alternately arranged flank has lesser cross-sectional area.Therefore, loose The volume of matter bone being subjected to displacement when implantation material is driven into bone is minimized.Due to lesser cross section face Product, is driven into power needed for bone for implantation material so reducing compared with the device of the prior art.Especially when will be implanted into Object is implanted into bone, when wherein channel form notch is towards the direction being applied to maximum machine power on implantation material, realizes mechanical force Optimum transfer from bone to implantation material.

Unexpectedly, the cancellous bone displacement of minimum is combined with the high stability of implantation material, especially and implantation material High Bending Stability combine.Especially substantially " T " shape flank provides high Bending Stability, while only needing very Few material.Although being displaced in addition, the above-mentioned design of the front part of implantation material reduces the cancellous bone in flush mounting, It is that the rib-like structure of the front part of implantation material advantageously provides higher rotational stabilization of the implantation material in bone.

In addition, implantation material according to the present invention advantageously provides the maximum surface area in radially projecting, so that The minimum pressure being applied to from bone structure on implantation material.It therefore reduces the mechanical stress on cancellous bone and implantation material.According to Front part structure including flank and notch of the invention additionally advantageously increases total contact surface of the implantation material engaged with bone Product.Therefore, the friction between implantation material and bone structure is increased, it is possible thereby to advantageously prevent implantation material from exiting from bone.

Such as in the structure of the structure of implantation material as described herein, especially front part, it can be advantageous to prevent implantation material It exits, while being conducive in the case where forming screw thread on without the outer surface in implantation material in insertion bone from bone.Therefore, In In preferred embodiment, front part and/or middle section are non-threaded, especially front part and/or middle section And/or the outer surface of axle portions or the outer surface of entire implantation material can be it is non-threaded.

As disclosed above, implantation material can directly engage a variety of different bones along axial direction in non-rotary situation In.It preferably, can be by implantation material implanted femur, preferably by the front part implanted unit bone and/or femur of implantation material In neck.Preferably, in implantation, one channel form notch is oriented to cranium side direction.

Preferably, implantation material according to the present invention is for treating fracture, preferably long bone fracture, more preferable humerus or femur bone Folding, most preferably fractured near end of thighbone.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, implantation material according to the present invention be used for by be suitable for treating the of fracture Two medical devices fit together to treat fracture.Preferably, the second medical device can be bone plate or nail, most preferably marrow Interior nail.Therefore, one aspect of the present invention is related to component comprising the implantation material according to the present invention being assembled into intramedullary nail.

In highly preferred embodiment according to the present invention, transverse direction that implantation material according to the present invention passes through intramedullary nail Hole and be embedded in, be preferably implanted in femur, be preferably used for treat femoral fracture.In this embodiment, according to this The axle portions of the implantation material of invention are engaged with intramedullary nail, and the front part insertion femoral head and/or neck of femur of implantation material In, most preferably, one of channel form notch is oriented to cranium side direction.

When the implantation material component according to the present invention being embedded into intramedullary nail as previously described is used to treat femoral fracture, Highest power is from the front part that cranium side direction is applied to implantation material.Therefore, insertion has the groove for being oriented to cranium side direction The implantation material of shape notch advantageously protects the cancellous bony material in the region for bearing highest mechanical force, to be advantageously carried out Optimal power distribution and bone protection, and therefore can prevent implantation material from exiting from bone.

In the embodiment of present invention further optimization, flank can be configured to have 100 ° to 140 °, preferably 110 ° to 130 °, more preferable 115 ° to 125 °, most preferably 120 ° of offset.When flank deviates such as 120 °, two adjacent ribs Angle between the main shaft in radial directions in portion is 120 °.

In the embodiment of present invention further optimization, jag (the i.e. longitudinal direction with implantation material of flank of flank The opposite end of axis) it include the convex external surface oriented in radial directions.Preferably, in the cross-sectional profiles of front part In, the convex external surface of flank is all substantially aligned with circle, and in the center there is the longitudinal axis of implantation material for the circle.Flank Outer surface be preferably parallel to the central longitudinal axis of implantation material and extend in the longitudinal direction.

In a further embodiment, flank includes the concave surface oriented towards longitudinal groove shape notch.Therefore, rib The concave surface in portion at least partially defines the shape of channel form notch.The flank being made of convex surface and concave surface is set Meter advantageously makes flank bear high mechanical force with low material utilization amount.

In preferred embodiments, channel form notch can be more wider than flank.Channel form notch is more than flank wherein In wide embodiment, the distance between the lengthwise-extending edge of same flank is less than the composition groove in two adjacent flanks The distance between the lengthwise-extending edge of shape notch.

In the further preferred embodiment of implantation material according to the present invention, edge at the front end of implantation material can be with It is configured to notching edge, it is preferable that notching edge can be configured to chisel-like (chisel-like).Therefore, in implantation material The surface area that edge at front end can be preferably constructed to make to be oriented to the implantation material of outer axial direction minimizes.It is being implanted into Notching edge at the front end of object, which is desirably reduced, is embedded in power needed for bone (especially cancellous bone) for implantation material.In addition, Notching edge reduces the osteoclasia in the telescopiny of implantation material.Preferably, the front end of the convex surface of flank includes cutting Mouthful, the notch is configured to reduce the width of the leading edge of flank.In addition, channel form notch can be towards the front of implantation material Edge carries out chamfering.

It include that channel form notch in front part can be in the preferred embodiment of implantation material according to the present invention (taper off) is gradually become smaller towards the axle portion of implantation material.It is this to gradually become smaller so that the depth of channel form notch is from channel form The end that the front end of notch is directed to axle portion to it is gradually reduced.When channel form notch gradually becomes smaller towards axle portion, channel form The distance between central longitudinal axis in the bottom of notch and the longitudinal cross-section of implantation material increases.

Notch can linearly gradually become smaller at least one portion of notch.Notch can also be at least the one of notch It non-linearly gradually becomes smaller in a part, gradually becomes smaller preferably concavely.Nonlinear gradually become smaller of notch corresponds to The curved shape of the bottom of notch in the longitudinal cross-section of implantation material.Most preferably, at least notch is oriented to axle portion (shaft- Directed end sections) can gradually become smaller concavely towards axle portion.Linearly gradually smaller part and/or in recessed Shape gradually smaller part can gradually become smaller at different pitches.Channel form notch can also be including line at different pitches Property ground gradually smaller several parts and/or at different pitches concave gradually smaller several parts.Channel form notch It can also include at least one not gradually smaller part (untapered).Notch can also include linearly gradually smaller Part and/or concave gradually smaller part and/or not gradually smaller part.

Preferably, in a further preferred embodiment, channel form notch can be in the whole length of channel form notch On gradually become smaller towards axle portion.In this embodiment, notch may include at least one linearly gradually smaller part and At least one non-linearly gradually smaller part (preferably concavely).

In the further preferred embodiment of implantation material according to the present invention, channel form notch may include in notch At least one middle section between front part and the end sections for being oriented to axle portion, wherein the middle section is towards axle portion It linearly gradually becomes smaller and the end sections for being oriented to axle portion gradually becomes smaller concavely towards axle portion.In the embodiment party In case, middle section and the end sections for being oriented to axle portion may include gradually smaller different piece at different pitches.

In another preferred embodiment, channel form notch include notch front part and be oriented to axle portion Not gradually smaller middle section between gradually smaller end sections, wherein bottom of the notch in the middle section with Longitudinal axis parallel alignment of the implantation material in longitudinal cross-section, and the end sections for being oriented to axle portion towards axle portion by Gradual change is small.

When implantation material is driven into bone in implantation process, the gradually smaller part of notch advantageously causes pine The densification of matter bone, this improves stability of the implantation material in bone.

According to further embodiment, implantation material includes along the conduit of implantation material longitudinal axis, and the conduit leads to The front-end and back-end of implantation material.The size of conduit can be determined as allowing to be embedded in guide wire, to help to plant in implantation process Enter object alignment, as is well known in the art.In addition, conduit provide be embedded in via implantation material/inject fluent material Or a possibility that cohesive material.Conduit can have the same diameter in the whole length of implantation material, or can be along plant Entering the longitudinal axis of object has different parts with different diameters.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of channel form notch may include at least one opening, preferably For multiple openings, the gap of notch is connected to by the opening with conduit.After implantation material is inserted into bone, it can will promote to be implanted into In object bone cement fixed in bone or analogous composition injection conduit, and thus by the bone cement or analogous composition It is provided to by aforementioned opening around the bone region of implantation material.Therefore, the opening can advantageously enhance implantation material in bone Fixation.

In the further specific of the above-mentioned embodiment including opening (gap of notch is connected to by the opening with conduit) In embodiment, tubular body is provided in conduit.In addition, being provided between the outer wall of tubular body and the opposite wall of conduit Two bands extended on longitudinal direction.The band is configured to when item takes and applies mechanical force through above-mentioned outward opening Bending, wherein front end orientation of the power from the rear end of implantation material towards implantation material.Implantation material can also include for by band With the device that curved make is fixed.The bent strip being projected into cancellous bone advantageously can further limit implantation material Rotation or lateral movement in bone.Corresponding design feature for example has disclosure in United States Patent (USP) 2008/0262497.

As disclosed above, can be via the transverse holes of the second bone implant, the preferably transverse holes of intramedullary nail are embedded in root According to implantation material of the invention.The diameter of the axle portions of implantation material according to the present invention can preferably correspond to the second bone implant The diameter of the transverse holes of object.It is highly preferred that the diameter of the axle portions of implantation material according to the present invention is less than the diameter of transverse holes. In its final position, the axle portions of implantation material according to the present invention can be engaged with the second bone implant.In order to limit basis The rotation of implantation material of the invention relative to the second implantation material, the axle portions of implantation material according to the present invention preferably can wrap Include at least one element for being configured to limit the rotation.Preferably, for limit rotation at least one element be comprising At least one groove in axial direction extended in the surface of axle portions.The groove can be preferably constructed to accommodate It include the locking member (such as screw, pin or similar stave) in the second bone implant.It is embedded in by locking member When in the groove of implantation material according to the present invention, it is therefore prevented that rotation of the implantation material according to the present invention relative to the second implantation material.

In another preferred embodiment, at least one groove is towards a ditch in the front part with implantation material The identical direction of channel-shaped notch.Therefore, when implantation material according to the present invention to be embedded into the intramedullary nail for be implanted femur, have One channel form notch is oriented to cranium side direction by sharp ground, as described above, simultaneously can be by locking member advantageously from intramedullary nail Proximal end is advanced in groove.Implantation material according to the present invention may include multiple grooves for being oriented to different directions.

In the further preferred embodiment of implantation material, the diameter of the front part of implantation material can be less than implantation material The diameter of axle portions.In this embodiment, the diameter of front part can be limited by flank outstanding radially.Front Partial small diameter advantageously facilitates will be in the transverse holes of implantation material insertion the second implantation material (such as intramedullary nail).

Other than front part and axle portions, implantation material can also be preferably incorporated in front part and axle portions Between middle section, the middle section has diameter from the diameter of front part to axle portions gradually smaller straight Diameter.Middle section can linearly or non-linearly gradually become smaller.Middle section can also include gradually becoming smaller at different pitches Different piece.

The rear end of the axle portions of implantation material according to the present invention can be constructed and be sized to for being attached to insertion Equipment, the embedded equipment are conducive to operation of the implantation material in implantation process.Embedded equipment can be, for example, insertion handle or It drives cap (driving cap).The rear end of the axle portions of implantation material can have asymmetrical shape, and for example, at least one recessed Place, so that embedded equipment can only be attached to implantation material with a kind of orientation.In addition, the asymmetrical shape of the rear end of implantation material is anti- Only implantation material rotates after attached peripheral device relative to embedded equipment.In addition, the rear end of axle portion can be oblique angle.Axle portion it is oblique Angle end can prevent the soft tissue irritation caused by part outstanding from bone of the rear end as implantation material.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, the rear end of conduit includes at least one screw thread.At least one spiral shell Line can be configured for attachment embedded equipment or extract equipment.Preferably, the rear end of conduit includes two screw threads, wherein fixed There is lesser diameter to the screw thread in implantation material front end, and the screw thread for being oriented to implantation material rear end has biggish diameter.It is excellent Selection of land, two screw threads extend in a reverse direction.Preferably, the screw thread for being oriented to device front end is left hand thread, can be by It is configured to engage with extraction equipment.Preferably, the screw thread for being oriented to implantation material rear end is right-handed thread, is configured to and is embedded in Equipment engagement.At least one screw threads being configured in the rear end of implantation material is in hole or conduit.Therefore, at least one screw thread is preferred Ground does not construct on the outer surface of implantation material.

Further, the present invention relates to the use that implantation material according to the present invention as described above is used to treat fracture On the way, the fracture is preferably the fracture of long bone, the more preferably fracture of humerus or femur, the most preferably fracture of femur.Therefore, It is used for the purposes being implanted into bone the invention further relates to implantation material according to the present invention, preferably in implantation long bone, is more preferably implanted into the upper arm In bone or femur, most preferably in implanted femur.In another preferred embodiment, implantation material according to the present invention be used for Second bone implant fits together to treat fracture and/or be implanted in bone, preferably intramedullary nail.Preferably, according to this hair Bright implantation material for being implanted into and/or treat fracture, wherein when in implantation bone (preferably femur) implantation material a channel form Notch is oriented to cranium side direction.It therefore, include by the implantation material the invention further relates to being such as used in implantation material as described herein In the method for implanted femur, wherein one channel form notch is oriented to cranium side direction in implantation.

In yet another aspect, the present invention relates to surgical method or the method for the treatment of fracture, wherein the method is extremely Include the steps that for implantation material according to the present invention being implanted into bone less.This method can also include by implantation material according to the present invention The step being embedded in another bone implant.

Detailed description of the invention

Below, with reference to the embodiment of Detailed description of the invention implantation material according to the present invention, in which:

Fig. 1 is locally shown ... in a side view implantation material according to the present invention from front；

Fig. 2 is locally shown ... in a side view implantation material according to the present invention from rear；

Fig. 3 in the past/side view illustrates the front part of implantation material according to the present invention；

Fig. 4 shows implantation material according to the present invention with front view；

Fig. 5 shows the cross section of the front part by implantation material according to the present invention, and the front part includes flank And notch；

Fig. 6 shows the longitudinal cross-section of the front part by implantation material according to the present invention, and the front part includes tool The channel form notch in gradually smaller section linearly；

Fig. 7 shows the longitudinal cross-section of the front part by implantation material according to the present invention, and the front part includes tool There is the channel form notch in not gradually smaller section；And

Fig. 8 shows the longitudinal cross-section by entire implantation material according to the present invention, and wherein channel form notch includes opening.

Specific embodiment

In Fig. 1 longitudinal bone implant 1 is shown into Fig. 8, with substantially circular cross-sectional profiles, including has The front part 10 of front end 11 and axle portions 30 with rear end 31, wherein front part 10 includes at least three longitudinal grooves Shape notch 12, at least three longitudinal grooves shape notch 12 extends on the axial direction of front part 10, towards implantation material Front end 11 open wide, and be alternately arranged in the circumferential at least three longitudinal protrusion flanks 13 extended in the axial direction. The embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings all has such construction, i.e., wherein channel form notch 12 be configured to radially with Flank 13 is opposite.

The substantially circular cross-sectional profiles of implantation material correspond to along implantation material longitudinal axis view, such as Shown in Fig. 4.

As shown in FIG. 5, the flank 13 in the front part of implantation material 10 can be radially further from implantation material Central longitudinal axis part in, have with radially closer to the width in the part of the central longitudinal axis of implantation material (W2) compared to the cross-sectional width (W1) increased.In addition, flank 13 may include radially even more leaning on compared with second part The Part III of nearly central longitudinal axis, the Part III can have bigger cross-sectional width compared with second part (W3).Embodiment shown in fig. 5 includes the substantially T-shaped flank in cross section, wherein the base portion of " T " is towards implantation material Longitudinal axis 40 orient.

In Fig. 1 into embodiment shown in Fig. 8, the jag of flank, the so longitudinal axis i.e. in flank with implantation material The opposite end of line, including the convex external surface 14 oriented in radial directions.The convex external surface of flank all substantially with Circle centered on the longitudinal axis 40 of implantation material is aligned, such as it schematically shows in figures 4 and 5.In addition, flank packet Concave surface 15 is included, the concave surface 15 is oriented towards longitudinal groove shape notch.

In the preferred embodiment of implantation material according to the present invention, the edge at the front end of implantation material 10 can be preferred Ground is constructed such that the surface area for being oriented to outer axial direction of implantation material minimizes.Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, flank 13 The front end of convex surface include notch 16, the notch 16 is configured to reduce the width of the leading edge of flank 13.In addition, ditch Channel-shaped notch 12 may include the chamfered part 17 towards the leading edge of implantation material.

It in some embodiments of the present invention, include that channel form notch 12 in front part 10 can be towards implantation The axle portions 30 of object gradually become smaller, as shown in such as Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.When channel form notch 12 towards axle portions gradually When becoming smaller, in the longitudinal cross-section of implantation material, in the bottom of channel form notch between central longitudinal axis 40 distance D1 Increase.The implantation material shown in Fig. 6 shows that such notch, i.e., the described notch have linearly gradually smaller part 21 With concave gradually smaller part 22.Show that such notch, i.e., the described notch have in implantation material shown in fig. 7 Not gradually smaller part 23 and concave gradually smaller part 22.

In Fig. 1 into embodiment shown in Fig. 8, implantation material according to the present invention includes along implantation material longitudinal axis 40 Conduit 41, the conduit 41 leads to the front end 11 and rear end 31 of implantation material.In the embodiment of implantation material shown in Fig. 8, The bottom of channel form notch 12 includes opening 42, and the gap of notch is connected to by the opening 42 with conduit 41.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 8, the axle portions 30 of implantation material according to the present invention may include in axle portion portion Divide the groove 43 in 30 surface, for limiting rotation of the implantation material relative to the second implantation material.In the embodiment illustrated, The phase (phasing) of groove 43 is direction identical with a channel form notch 12 of the front part 10 of implantation material.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 8, implantation material can be wrapped preferably between front part 10 and axle portions 30 Middle section 50 is included, the middle section 50 has the diameter from diameter to the axle portions 30 of front part 10 gradually smaller Diameter.As shown in for example, in fig. 2, the rear ends 31 of the axle portions 30 of implantation material it is so structured that be attached to embedded equipment and It is sized to for being attached to embedded equipment, the embedded equipment is conducive to operation of the implantation material in implantation process.For example, axis The rear end 31 of portion part can have recess 32.It further include two screw threads 33,34 in Fig. 2 and embodiment shown in fig. 8, In when screw thread 34 is oriented to the rear end 31 of implantation material, be oriented to implantation material front end screw thread 33 have lesser diameter.This two Screw thread can extend in a reverse direction.

Implantation material according to the present invention, its purposes and the method illustrated as described above and in the accompanying drawings is unexpectedly It solves the problem to be solved in the present invention, and has the advantages that compared with the existing technology significant.

It include that there is the cross section face minimized with the front part of the alternately arranged flank of channel form notch in implantation material Product.Therefore, when entering the front-end driven of implantation material in bone, the volume of cancellous bone being displaced by implantation material is minimized. The cancellous bone displacement of this minimum is advantageously combined with the high stability of flank in implantation material of the invention, is especially bent Stability combines.In addition, reducing the power for being embedded in implantation material in bone.It can be advantageous to channel form notch towards Highest mechanical force is applied to the direction on implantation material, and implantation material is implanted in bone.Only seldom cancellous bone is applying institute as a result, The side for stating power shifts up, this realizes optimum transfer of the mechanical force from bone to implantation material.

When being used for implantation material to treat femoral fracture, a channel form notch can be oriented to cranium side direction, this has The cancellous bony material in the region for bearing highest mechanical force is protected sharply, and therefore advantageously achieves optimal power distribution It is protected with bone.

Especially substantially T-shaped flank provides high Bending Stability, and only needs seldom material simultaneously.This Outside, it although the above-mentioned design of the front part of implantation material reduces the displacement of the cancellous bone when device to be embedded in bone, plants The rib-like structure for entering the front part of object advantageously provides high rotational stabilization of the implantation material in bone.

Implantation material according to the present invention advantageously provides maximized bearing area in radially projecting, therefore generally Make the minimum pressure being applied on implantation material from bone structure, to alleviate the burden of cancellous bone and implantation material.According to this hair The structure of the bright front part including flank and notch additionally advantageously increases total contact area of the implantation material engaged with bone.Cause This, increases the friction between implantation material and bone structure, exits from bone to advantageously prevent implantation material.In addition, notch Gradually smaller part advantageously cause the densification of cancellous bone, this improves stability of the implantation material in bone.

Unexpectedly, when by according to the present invention including front part (front part have channel form notch) When bone implant is compared with the stability of the helical blade implantation material of the prior art, implantation material according to the present invention is found Higher stability is shown in artificial bone model.In the implantation according to the present invention being embedded in porous hard polyurethane foams Apply big power on object and only causes slight movement, and identical power causes helical blade to cut off test material.

In addition, the notching edge at implantation material front, which is desirably reduced, is embedded in power needed for bone for implantation material.