阅读说明：本技术 一种台阶式扩口冲头结构及其扩孔工艺 (Stepped flaring punch structure and reaming process thereof ) 是由 刘硕 王庆友 王耀 杨继宽 于 2021-08-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种台阶式扩口冲头结构及其扩孔工艺,包括冲头,所述冲头活动插设在冲杆内,所述冲杆内贯穿式开设有供冲头伸缩的伸缩道,所述伸缩道内固定安装有弹簧座,所述弹簧座靠近冲头一侧固定安装有缓冲弹簧,所述缓冲弹簧远离弹簧座一侧固定连接在冲头上,所述冲头包括顶端、杆端和活塞端,所述杆端和活塞端内开设有液流道,所述出油孔所处的杆端外侧包裹设置有存油海绵,本发明采用分体式冲头和冲杆,通过线性冲压方式进行前段扩孔,防止冲头与工件之间发生刚性碰撞,同时在扩孔前段将润滑油均匀涂抹在工件通孔内壁和冲头上,达到降低摩擦、降低冲孔温度、清洁扩孔部位、防止工件锈蚀等作用,大大提高了扩孔质量。(The invention provides a step type flaring punch structure and a hole expanding process thereof, wherein the step type flaring punch structure comprises a punch, the punch is movably inserted in a punch rod, a telescopic passage for the punch to stretch is arranged in the punch rod in a penetrating manner, a spring seat is fixedly arranged in the telescopic passage, a buffer spring is fixedly arranged on one side of the spring seat close to the punch, one side of the buffer spring far away from the spring seat is fixedly connected to the punch head, the punch head comprises a top end, a rod end and a piston end, liquid flow passages are arranged in the rod end and the piston end, and an oil storage sponge is wrapped outside the rod end where an oil outlet is arranged Cleaning the reaming part, preventing the workpiece from being rusted and the like, and greatly improving the reaming quality.)

1. The utility model provides a step flaring punch structure, includes drift (1), its characterized in that: the punch (1) is movably inserted into the punch rod (2), a telescopic channel (3) for the punch (1) to stretch is formed in the punch rod (2) in a penetrating mode, a spring seat (4) is fixedly installed in the telescopic channel (3), a buffer spring (5) is fixedly installed on one side, close to the punch head (1), of the spring seat (4), one side, far away from the spring seat (4), of the buffer spring (5) is fixedly connected to the punch head (1), and one side, far away from the punch head (1), of the punch rod (2) is communicated with an external oil supply device through an oil supply pipe;

drift (1) includes top (6), rod end (7) and piston end (8), liquid runner (9) have been seted up in rod end (7) and piston end (8), a plurality of oil outlets (10), a plurality of have been seted up near piston end (8) one side annular array in rod end (7) oil outlet (10) all communicate with liquid runner (9), the parcel of rod end (7) outside that oil outlet (10) located is provided with oil storage sponge (11).

2. The stepped flare punch construction of claim 1, wherein: an annular sealing groove is formed in one side of the piston end (8), and a sealing rubber ring (12) is installed in the annular sealing groove.

3. The stepped flare punch construction of claim 2, wherein: the inner fixed mounting of the flexible way (3) between the spring seat (4) and the punch (1) is provided with a limit stop ring (13), and the middle part of the limit stop ring (13) is provided with a spring hole (14) for the buffer spring (5) to penetrate.

4. A stepped flare punch construction as claimed in claim 3, wherein: one side of the punch rod (2) close to the punch head (1) is in threaded connection with a limiting threaded sleeve (15) through internal threads, and the limiting threaded sleeve (15) is movably abutted against the piston end (8).

5. The stepped flare punch construction of claim 4, wherein: and the limiting screw sleeve (15) and the piston end (8) are abutted against one side and fixedly provided with a buffering rubber ring (16).

6. A reaming process using the stepped flare punch construction of any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: when hole expansion is needed, aligning the top end of the punch (1) to a through hole needing hole expansion;

step two: the punch (2) and the punch (1) are moved towards the through hole by using a punch press, so that one side of the top end (6) of the punch (1) enters the through hole, the stroke of the punch (2) is controlled at the moment, the piston end (8) of the punch (1) is prevented from contacting with a limiting stop ring (13), and the step is repeated for a plurality of times, so that the inner wall of the through hole is fully soaked by lubricating oil;

step three: after a plurality of times of buffer punching, the long-stroke punching mode is adopted at the last time, and the punch (1) is forcibly extruded into the through hole by using the limit stop ring (13), so that the hole expansion is completed.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of flaring punches, in particular to a stepped flaring punch structure and a reaming process thereof.

Background

The combined punch for deep hole punching and reaming of the forging with the application number of CN201621046744.8 in the prior art comprises a punching punch, a reaming working band and a punch rod from bottom to top, wherein the front end of the punch part is hemispherical, the radius of the punch part is R, the length of the straight wall of the punch part is 2R-3R, the lower part of the reaming working band presents a cone shape, and the generatrix of the reaming working band forms an included angle of 15-20 degrees with the central axis. The radius of the straight wall part of the hole expanding working belt is 1.1-1.2R, the length of the straight wall is 0.6-0.8R, the diameter of the hole expanding working belt is slightly larger than the diameter of the punch, a chamfer angle of 60 degrees is formed at the joint of the straight wall part and the punch, so that the final punch can be conveniently separated, the punching and the hole expanding are combined together by the combined punch, the production process is simplified, and the production efficiency is improved.

But the combined punch for deep hole punching and hole expanding of the forging still has obvious defects in the using process: 1. the punch is integrally arranged, so that hole expansion is forcibly performed through rigid collision with the through hole in the punching process, the service life of the punch is easily shortened due to the hole expansion mode, and meanwhile, the damage to a hole expansion piece in the punching process is large; 2. traditional drift that punches a hole need scribble lubricating liquid to punching a hole in the clearance of punching a hole, utilizes lubricating liquid to reduce the temperature of drift, promotes the drift simultaneously and treats the lubrication in reaming piece clearance, improves punching efficiency, and has certain potential safety hazard through the mode of artifical paining, therefore above-mentioned drift function is comparatively single.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a stepped flaring punch structure and a reaming process thereof, which aim to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a step type flaring punch structure comprises a punch, wherein the punch is movably inserted into a punch rod, a telescopic passage for the punch to stretch is arranged in the punch rod in a penetrating mode, a spring seat is fixedly arranged in the telescopic passage, a buffer spring is fixedly arranged on one side, close to the punch, of the spring seat, one side, far away from the spring seat, of the buffer spring is fixedly connected to the punch, and one side, far away from the punch, of the punch rod is communicated with an external sealed oil supply device through an oil supply pipe;

the drift includes top, rod end and piston end, the liquid runner has been seted up in rod end and the piston end, the rod end is close to piston end one side annular array and has seted up a plurality of oil outlets, and is a plurality of the oil outlet all communicates with the liquid runner, the rod end outside parcel that the oil outlet was located is provided with the trapped fuel sponge.

Preferably, an annular sealing groove is formed in one side of the piston end, and a sealing rubber ring is installed in the annular sealing groove.

Preferably, a limit stop ring is fixedly mounted in the telescopic channel between the spring seat and the punch, and a spring hole for the buffer spring to penetrate is formed in the middle of the limit stop ring.

Preferably, one side of the punch rod, which is close to the punch, is in threaded connection with a limiting threaded sleeve through internal threads, and the limiting threaded sleeve is movably abutted against the piston end.

Preferably, the limit screw sleeve and the piston end are abutted against one side and fixedly provided with a buffer rubber ring.

A reaming process adopts the step type flaring punch structure and comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: when hole expansion is needed, aligning the top end of the punch head to the through hole needing hole expansion;

step two: moving the punch rod and the punch head towards the through hole by using a punch press, enabling one side of the top end of the punch head to enter the through hole, controlling the stroke of the punch rod at the moment, preventing the piston end of the punch head from contacting with the limiting stop ring, and repeating the step for a plurality of times to enable the inner wall of the through hole to be fully soaked by lubricating oil;

step three: after a plurality of times of buffer punching, the long-stroke punching mode is adopted at the last time, and the punch is forcibly extruded into the through hole by using the limit stop ring, so that the hole expansion is completed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention adopts a split type punch and a punch rod, and the front segment of the hole expansion adopts an elastic punching mode to act on and the inside of the through hole, the punching mode enables the pressure acting on and the inside of the through hole to be increased in a linear mode, and overcomes the step type pressure hole expansion mode of the traditional punch, and the linear pressure hole expansion mode enables the rigid collision between the punch and the through hole to be reduced, thereby prolonging the service life of the punch and simultaneously reducing the damage to the periphery of the hole expansion part of a workpiece;

2. in the invention, a channel for lubricating oil to enter is arranged in the punch and the punch rod, at the front section of punching, the punch extrudes towards one side of the punch rod, so that the internal pressure of the telescopic passage is increased, further the internal lubricating oil enters the oil storage sponge through the oil outlet, the oil storage sponge is coated on the inner wall along with the contact of the oil storage sponge and the inner wall of the through hole, and the indirect action is performed on the punch through the contact of the punch and the inner wall, so that the lubricating oil can be coated to the expanded hole through the punch in each reaming operation process, and the action of the lubricating oil comprises the following steps: the friction coefficient between the punch and the through hole is reduced, so that the punching process is more continuous, and the damage to the workpiece is less; the hole expanding temperature of the punch is reduced, and the service life of the punch is prolonged; cleaning the workpiece with the reamed holes at the front section and the rear section of the punched hole, and reducing the damage of granular substances to the inner wall of the through hole in the reaming process; after punching, carry out the oil blanket to damage such as the micro crack that the reaming position produced, will damage the position and keep apart with external environment through lubricating oil to prevent reaming position later stage corrosion.

The invention adopts the split type punch and the punch rod, performs front-section reaming in a linear punching mode, prevents rigid collision between the punch and a workpiece, and simultaneously uniformly coats lubricating oil on the inner wall of a through hole of the workpiece and the punch in the front-section reaming to achieve the effects of reducing friction, reducing punching temperature, cleaning a reaming part, preventing the workpiece from being corroded and the like, thereby greatly improving the reaming quality.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the punch structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the area A of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 punch head, 2 punch rods, 3 telescopic channels, 4 spring seats, 5 buffer springs, 6 top ends, 7 rod ends, 8 piston ends, 9 liquid flow channels, 10 oil outlets, 11 oil-storing sponge, 12 sealing rubber rings, 13 limiting stop rings, 14 spring holes, 15 limiting thread bushes and 16 buffer rubber rings.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example (b):

referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution:

a step type flaring punch structure comprises a punch 1, wherein the punch 1 is movably inserted into a punch rod 2, a telescopic passage 3 for the punch 1 to stretch is arranged in the punch rod 2 in a penetrating manner, a spring seat 4 is fixedly arranged in the telescopic passage 3, a buffer spring 5 is fixedly arranged on one side, close to the punch 1, of the spring seat 4, one side, far away from the spring seat 4, of the buffer spring 5 is fixedly connected to the punch 1, and one side, far away from the punch 1, of the punch rod 2 is communicated with an external sealed oil supply device through an oil supply pipe;

drift 1 includes top 6, rod end 7 and piston end 8, has seted up liquid flow path 9 in rod end 7 and the piston end 8, and a plurality of oil outlet 10 have been seted up to rod end 7 near 8 one side annular arrays of piston end, and a plurality of oil outlet 10 all communicate with liquid flow path 9, and the 7 outside parcels of rod end that oil outlet 10 located are provided with oil storage sponge 11.

The punch 1 and the punch rod 2 are made of tungsten needle YG11 or above, the graphite has low impurity content and uniform grain distribution, and is sintered by hot isostatic pressing, the material has good compactness and the density of 14.0-14.4 g/cm³The hole-free, sand hole-free and wear-resistant performance is excellent, a layer of polycrystalline diamond material is coated on the surface layers of the punch 1 and the punch 2, the reaming punch 1 and the punch 2 adopt sectional type outer diameters, the top end 6 of the punch adopts arc transition, sectional reaming is realized through the primary reaming of the punch 1 and the secondary punching of the punch 2, and in the reaming process, the punch 1 is used for reamingIn the front section of reaming workpiece contact, the impact force of contact is released through the buffer spring 5, rigid collision between the punch 1 and the punching workpiece is prevented, the buffer spring 5 is further compressed along with the continuous forward propulsion of the punch 2, the pressure acting on the punch 1 is gradually increased, so that the front section is reamed through the elasticity of the buffer spring 5, in the process, the punch 1 moves towards one side of the punch 2, so that the internal pressure of the telescopic passage 3 is increased, the lubricating oil stored inside can be released into the oil storage sponge 11 through the oil outlet 10, the lubricating oil is prevented from dripping by the adsorbability of the oil storage sponge 11, and the lubricating oil is fed into the through hole along with the oil storage sponge 11, so that the lubricating oil is coated on the inner wall of the punching through hole, the lubricating oil indirectly acts on the punch 1 through the contact between the punch 1 and the inner wall, at the moment, the friction coefficient of the back-section punching through the lubricating oil smearing is reduced, simultaneously, the inner wall of the through hole is cleaned at the front section of the punch, heat on the surface of the punch 1 is timely taken away in the punching process, in the back-end hole expanding process, the punch 1 synchronously moves forwards under the action of the punch 2 along with the compression of the buffer spring 5 to the limit, so that two-section hole expansion of the punch 2 is realized, the punch 1 and the punch 2 move synchronously in the process, the punch 2 retreats and leaves along with the completion of hole expansion, at the moment, the punch 1 still exists inside a hole expanding workpiece, the maximum stroke is reached along with the punch 2, the punch 1 is pulled to leave the hole expanding workpiece under the traction of the buffer spring 5, in the process, the oil-storing sponge 11 cleans the hole-expanded workpiece for the last time, and separates micro cracks generated by hole expansion from the external environment in an oil seal mode, and prevents corrosion damage in the later period.

Preferably, an annular sealing groove is formed in one side of the piston end 8, a sealing rubber ring 12 is installed in the annular sealing groove, and lubricating oil is prevented from overflowing through a gap between the piston end 8 and the telescopic channel 3 due to the arrangement of the sealing rubber ring 12.

Preferably, a limit stop ring 13 is fixedly installed in the telescopic way 3 between the spring seat 4 and the punch 1, a spring hole 14 for the buffer spring 5 to penetrate through is formed in the middle of the limit stop ring 13, rigid punching can be performed before the buffer spring 5 is not compressed to the maximum stroke through the limit stop ring 13, and the service life of the buffer spring 5 is prolonged.

Preferably, the side, close to the punch 1, of the punch rod 2 is in threaded connection with a limit threaded sleeve 15 through internal threads, the limit threaded sleeve 15 is movably abutted against the piston end 8, and the punch 1 is prevented from being pulled out of the telescopic channel 3 after reaming is finished through the limit threaded sleeve 15.

Preferably, the limit thread insert 15 and the piston end 8 are abutted against one side and fixedly provided with a buffer rubber ring 16, and the impact force between the limit thread insert 15 and the piston end 8 is reduced through the arrangement of the buffer rubber ring 16.

A reaming process adopts the step type flaring punch structure and comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: when hole expansion is needed, aligning the top end of the punch 1 to a through hole needing hole expansion;

step two: moving the punch 2 together with the punch 1 to the through hole by using a punch press, enabling one side of the top end 6 of the punch 1 to enter the through hole, controlling the stroke of the punch 2 at the moment, preventing the piston end 8 of the punch 1 from contacting with the limit stop ring 13, and repeating the step for a plurality of times to enable the inner wall of the through hole to be fully soaked by lubricating oil;

step three: after a plurality of times of buffer punching, the long-stroke punching mode is adopted at the last time, the punch 1 is forcibly extruded into the through hole by using the limit stop ring 13, the punch rod 2 enters the through hole at the moment, secondary large-radius hole expanding is carried out on the basis that the punch 1 carries out small-radius hole expanding, and the damage to a hole expanding workpiece is reduced by using the secondary step hole expanding mode.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.