阅读说明：本技术 一种机床夹持结构 (Machine tool clamping structure ) 是由 吴志强 李智 张远灿 于 2021-08-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种机床夹持结构,属于夹具领域,包括拉杆以及卡盘,拉杆设有第一倾斜面,卡盘设有第二倾斜面,第一倾斜面与第二倾斜面配合,拉杆轴向移动使卡盘沿拉杆径向移动,机床夹持结构还包括若干摆动块、若干浮动结构以及若干子爪,每一摆动块转动安装于卡盘并通过浮动结构限制摆动量,每一摆动块上安装有子爪,若干子爪共同夹持工件,通过上述设计,多个子爪共同夹持工件,薄壁圆环不容易变形,并且摆动块转动安装于卡盘并通过浮动结构限制摆动量,夹持精度高、稳定性好。(The invention discloses a machine tool clamping structure, which belongs to the field of clamps and comprises a pull rod and a chuck, wherein the pull rod is provided with a first inclined surface, the chuck is provided with a second inclined surface, the first inclined surface is matched with the second inclined surface, the chuck moves along the radial direction of the pull rod due to the axial movement of the pull rod, the machine tool clamping structure further comprises a plurality of swinging blocks, a plurality of floating structures and a plurality of sub-claws, each swinging block is rotatably arranged on the chuck and limits the swinging amount through the floating structures, each swinging block is provided with the sub-claw, the sub-claws clamp a workpiece together, through the design, the plurality of sub-claws clamp the workpiece together, a thin-wall ring is not easy to deform, the swinging blocks are rotatably arranged on the chuck and limit the swinging amount through the floating structures, the clamping precision is high, and the stability is good.)

1. The utility model provides a machine tool clamping structure, includes pull rod and chuck, the pull rod is equipped with first inclined plane, the chuck is equipped with the second inclined plane, first inclined plane with the cooperation of second inclined plane, pull rod axial displacement makes the chuck follow pull rod radial movement, its characterized in that: the machine tool clamping structure further comprises a plurality of swinging blocks, a plurality of floating structures and a plurality of sub-claws, each swinging block is rotatably installed on the chuck and limits swinging amount through the floating structures, and each swinging block is provided with the sub-claws and a plurality of sub-claws which clamp workpieces together.

2. The machine tool clamping structure according to claim 1, wherein: the floating structure comprises an elastic piece, and the elastic piece is fixed on the swinging block and is abutted against the chuck.

3. The machine tool clamping structure according to claim 2, wherein: the elastic piece is a spring piece.

4. The machine tool clamping structure according to claim 1, wherein: the machine tool clamping structure further comprises a positioning assembly, the positioning assembly comprises a positioning pin and a fixing plate, and the swinging block is rotatably installed on the chuck through the positioning pin and the fixing plate.

5. The machine tool clamping structure according to claim 4, wherein: the machine tool clamping structure further comprises a female claw, the female claw is fixed on the chuck, and the swinging block is rotatably installed on the female claw through the positioning pin and the fixing plate.

6. The machine tool clamping structure according to claim 1, wherein: the swing block is provided with an installation groove, and the sub-claw is installed in the installation groove and can be adjusted in the position of the installation groove.

7. The machine tool clamping structure according to claim 6, wherein: the swing block is provided with anti-skid lines, and the anti-skid lines are arranged on two sides of each mounting groove.

8. The machine tool clamping structure according to claim 1, wherein: and a plurality of sub claws are fixed on each swinging block.

9. The machine tool clamping structure according to claim 1, wherein: the machine tool clamping structure further comprises an axial positioning structure, the axial positioning structure comprises a fixing piece and a positioning rod, the fixing piece is fixed on the chuck, the positioning rod is fixed on the fixing piece, and the tail end of the positioning rod abuts against a workpiece.

10. The machine tool clamping structure according to claim 9, wherein: the locating lever is the threaded rod, the locating lever is relative the stationary blade rotates can adjust the locating lever extension length.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a clamping structure, in particular to a machine tool clamping structure.

Background

The machine tool is used as an industrial master machine and has important significance in the national industrial development process. According to statistics, the machine tool output value of China leaps forward to the top from the third world rank in 2008, and the import and consumption are continuous and are the first world in eight years. A machine tool clamping structure is an indispensable part of a machine tool, and plays an important role in improving machining accuracy and efficiency.

When a product to be clamped is a thin-wall circular ring, the traditional machine tool clamping structure is complex in structure, the thin-wall circular ring is easy to deform when the thin-wall circular ring is clamped, and the clamping precision and the stability are low.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a machine tool clamping structure which is not easy to deform, high in clamping precision and good in stability.

One of the purposes of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a machine tool clamping structure, includes pull rod and chuck, the pull rod is equipped with first inclined plane, the chuck is equipped with the second inclined plane, first inclined plane with the cooperation of second inclined plane, pull rod axial displacement makes the chuck is followed pull rod radial movement, machine tool clamping structure still includes a plurality of swing blocks, a plurality of floating structure and a plurality of sub-claw, each swing block rotate install in the chuck passes through floating structure limits the oscillating quantity, each install on the swing block sub-claw, a plurality of the common centre gripping work piece of sub-claw.

Further, the floating structure comprises an elastic piece, and the elastic piece is fixed on the swinging block and is abutted against the chuck.

Further, the elastic piece is a spring piece.

Further, the machine tool clamping structure further comprises a positioning assembly, the positioning assembly comprises a positioning pin and a fixing plate, and the swinging block is rotatably mounted on the chuck through the positioning pin and the fixing plate.

Further, the machine tool clamping structure further comprises a female claw, the female claw is fixed on the chuck, and the swinging block is rotatably installed on the female claw through the positioning pin and the fixing plate.

Furthermore, an installation groove is formed in the swinging block, and the sub-claw is installed in the installation groove and can be adjusted in position in the installation groove.

Furthermore, the swinging block is provided with anti-skid grains, and the two sides of each mounting groove are provided with the anti-skid grains.

Furthermore, a plurality of sub claws are fixed on each swinging block.

Further, lathe clamping structure still includes axial positioning structure, axial positioning structure includes stationary blade and locating lever, the stationary blade is fixed in the chuck, the locating lever is fixed in the stationary blade, the terminal conflict work piece of locating lever.

Furthermore, the locating rod is a threaded rod, and the locating rod rotates relative to the fixing piece to adjust the extending length of the locating rod.

Compared with the prior art, the machine tool clamping structure further comprises a plurality of swinging blocks, a plurality of floating structures and a plurality of sub-claws, each swinging block is rotatably installed on the chuck and limits swinging amount through the floating structure, each swinging block is provided with the sub-claw, the sub-claws clamp a workpiece together, through the design, the plurality of sub-claws clamp the workpiece together, the thin-wall ring is not easy to deform, the swinging blocks are rotatably installed on the chuck and limit swinging amount through the floating structures, and the clamping precision is high and the stability is good.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a machine tool clamping structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the machine tool clamping structure of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the machine tool clamping structure a of fig. 2.

In the figure: 10. a pull rod; 11. a first inclined surface; 20. a chuck; 21. a second inclined surface; 30. a female claw; 40. a fastener; 50. a positioning assembly; 51. positioning pins; 52. a fixing plate; 60. a swing block; 61. mounting grooves; 62. anti-skid lines; 70. a floating structure; 71. an elastic member; 72. a mounting member; 80. a sub-claw; 90. an axial positioning structure; 91. a fixing sheet; 92. a fixing member; 93. positioning a rod; 200. and (5) a workpiece.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present, secured by intervening elements. When a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly disposed on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Fig. 1 to 3 show a machine tool clamping structure of the present invention, which includes a drawbar 10, a chuck 20, a female jaw 30, a fastener 40, a positioning assembly 50, a swing block 60, a floating structure 70, a sub-jaw 80, and an axial positioning structure 90.

The pull rod 10 is provided with a first inclined surface 11, and the first inclined surface 11 is positioned on the outer surface of the pull rod 10.

The chuck 20 is provided with a second inclined surface 21, and the inclination angle of the second inclined surface 21 corresponds to the first inclined surface 11. The second inclined surface 21 is located in the inner bore of the chuck 20. The pull rod 10 is installed inside the chuck 20, and the first inclined surface 11 is engaged with the second inclined surface 21. When the pull rod 10 moves axially, the chuck 20 moves in the radial direction of the pull rod 10 by the engagement of the first inclined surface 11 and the second inclined surface 21.

The female jaw 30 is fixed to the chuck 20 by a fastener 40.

The number of the positioning assemblies 50 is plural, and each positioning assembly 50 includes a positioning pin 51 and a fixing plate 52. The positioning pin 51 has a T-shaped cross section. The positioning pin 51 extends into the female pawl 30 and the swing block 60 engages with the fixed plate 52, so that the swing block 60 is rotatably mounted to the female pawl 30.

The swing block 60 is provided with a mounting groove 61 and an anti-slip pattern 62, and the mounting groove 61 is used for mounting the sub-pawl 80. The anti-slip patterns 62 are located on two sides of the mounting groove 61 to prevent the sub-claw 80 from moving after being stressed. The swing block 60 is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves 61 for mounting a plurality of sub-pawls 80. In the present embodiment, two sub-pawls 80 are provided on each swing block 60.

The floating structure 70 includes an elastic member 71 and a mounting member 72. The elastic member 71 is a spring. The elastic member 71 is fixed to the swing block 60 by a mounting member 72. The side of the female claw 30 is a plane, and the elastic member 71 is attached to the side of the female claw 30.

The number of the sub-pawls 80 is plural, and each sub-pawl 80 is mounted in the mounting groove 61 of the swing block 60 by a screw and a nut. The sub-pawls 80 can be adjusted in position in the mounting slots 61 to accommodate workpieces 200 of different sizes.

The axial positioning structure 90 includes a fixing piece 91, a fixing piece 92, and a positioning rod 93. The fixing piece 91 is provided with a waist-shaped hole, and the fixing piece 91 is fixed on the female claw 30 by extending into the waist-shaped hole through a screw and matching with the female claw 30. The fixing piece 91 can adjust the position of the female claw 30 through the waist-shaped hole to adapt to workpieces 200 with different sizes. The positioning rod 93 is a threaded rod, the positioning rod 93 is rotatably mounted on the fixing piece 91, and the tail end of the positioning rod 93 abuts against the workpiece 200 to axially position the workpiece 200. The positioning rod 93 is rotated, and the extension length of the positioning rod 93 is changed, so that the positioning device is suitable for workpieces 200 with different heights.

When using the machine tool clamping structure, the workpiece 200 is first placed on the plurality of swing blocks 60. In the present embodiment, the workpiece 200 is a thin-walled ring. The pull rod 10 moves (retreats) in the axial direction, and the chuck 20 moves (gathers) in the radial direction of the pull rod 10 by the engagement of the first inclined surface 11 and the second inclined surface 21. At this time, the chuck 20 drives the sub-jaws 80 of the swing block 60 to move so as to clamp the workpiece 200. When the sub-claw 80 moves to the limit position, the elastic piece 71 is abutted against the side wall of the main claw 30 to realize floating clamping, the position of a clamping point of the sub-claw 80 is automatically adjusted according to the shape of the workpiece 200, the shape of the workpiece 200 is self-adaptive, the workpiece 200 is clamped, the deformation of the workpiece 200 is reduced to the maximum extent, and the roundness of the thin-wall ring is ensured. In the clamping process, when the swinging block 60 swings, the elastic piece 71 is abutted against the side wall of the female claw 30, and the elastic piece 71 limits the swinging amount of the swinging block 60, so that the clamping structure of the machine tool has high clamping precision and good stability. The positioning rod 93 of the axial positioning structure 90 positions the workpiece 200 in the axial direction of the workpiece 200.

The above examples only show some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all equivalent modifications and changes can be made to the above embodiments according to the essential technology of the invention, which falls into the protection scope of the invention.