阅读说明：本技术 软管、软管组件和对应的用于制造软管组件的方法 (Hose, hose assembly and corresponding method for manufacturing a hose assembly ) 是由 J·厄普纳 D·奥希斯勒 H·赖因哈特 于 2020-12-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种软管(1),所述软管具有内软管(2)和编织物(3),其特征在于,内软管(2)由未交联的热塑性材料制成。本发明还涉及一种软管组件(5)以及一种用于制造软管组件(5)的方法,所述软管组件包括软管内接头(6)和软管(1)。按照本发明的软管(1)和软管组件(5)在柔性和抗弯强度方面实现特别有利的使用性能。(The invention relates to a hose (1) having an inner hose (2) and a braid (3), characterized in that the inner hose (2) is made of an uncrosslinked thermoplastic material. The invention also relates to a hose assembly (5) comprising a hose nipple (6) and a hose (1), and to a method for manufacturing a hose assembly (5). The hose (1) and the hose assembly (5) according to the invention achieve particularly advantageous performance properties with regard to flexibility and bending strength.)

1. Hose (1) with an inner hose (2) and a braid (3), characterized in that the inner hose (2) is made of an uncrosslinked thermoplastic material.

2. Hose (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner hose (2) consists of PE-RT, in particular a melt index (190 ℃/2.16kg) of 0.1g/10min to 10g/10min, preferably 0.5g/10min to 2g/10min and/or a density of 0.925g/cm³To 0.960g/cm³Preferably 0.929g/cm³To 0.940g/cm³And (3) PE-RT.

3. Hose (1), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, having an inner hose (2) and a braid (3), characterized in that the outer diameter D, given and measured in mm, of the inner hose (2) and the wall thickness s, given and measured in mm, of the inner hose (2) satisfy the following:

A≤10000*s/D^1.5

and/or

10000*s/D^1.5≤B，

Wherein A is>＝390 1/mm^0.5Preferably A is 4251/mm^0.5And B is<＝5851/mm^0.5Preferably, B is 5651/mm^0.5。

4. Hose (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, having an inner hose (2) and a braid (3), characterized in that the braid (3) has a braid angle of between 41 ° and 55 °, in particular between 43 ° and 49 °, and/or a coverage of between 75% and 99%, in particular between 84% and 93%.

5. Hose (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said braid (3) is formed by plastic monofilaments (4), in particular made of polyamide or polyester, having a diameter of 0.14 to 0.50mm, in particular 0.20 to 0.3mm, particularly preferably 0.25mm ± 0.025 mm.

6. The hose (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the braid is formed of stainless steel monofilaments (4) having a diameter of 0.14 to 0.50mm, in particular 0.16 to 0.2mm, particularly preferably 0.18mm ± 0.01 mm.

7. Hose assembly (5) comprising a hose nipple (6) and a hose (1), in particular a hose with an inner hose (2), in particular a hose according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hose nipple (6) is provided in an insertion region (7) of the hose (1), in particular of the inner hose (2), characterized in that the outer diameter (da) of the hose nipple (6) in the insertion region (7) is at least as large as the sum of the net inner diameter (di) of the hose (1), in particular of the inner hose (2), measured outside the insertion region (7) and the wall thickness(s) of the wall (8) defining said net inner diameter (di), in particular of the wall thickness(s) of the wall (8).

8. A hose assembly (5) according to claim 7, characterized in that the hose (1) has an inner hose (2) and the wall (8) is an inner hose wall.

9. Hose assembly (5) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the hose nipple (6) has at its insertion end (9) a preferably flat end face (11) oriented in the insertion direction (10), wherein the end face (11) has an outer diameter (d2) which is equal to or larger than the net inner diameter (di) of the hose (1) outside the insertion region (7).

10. Hose assembly (5), in particular according to one of claims 7 to 9, having a hose nipple (6) and a hose (1), in particular according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the hose nipple (6) is arranged in an insertion region (7) of the hose (1), characterized in that the hose (1) is widened at its insertion end (9), preferably thermally, in particular with a mandrel (12) which is heated at least to a vicat softening temperature, preferably to a temperature which exceeds the vicat softening temperature by at least 30K or 50K.

11. Method for manufacturing a hose assembly (5), in particular according to one of claims 7 to 10, wherein a hose nipple (6) is inserted into a hose (1), in particular a hose with an inner hose (2), in particular a hose according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the inner diameter (di) of the hose (1) is widened, preferably thermally, in particular with a mandrel (12) heated at least to a vicat softening temperature, preferably to a temperature exceeding the vicat softening temperature by at least 30K or 50K, before and/or at the time of insertion of the hose nipple (6).

12. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that the mandrel (12) is pushed into a push-in region (14) of the hose (1), wherein the hose (1) is held outside in the push-in region (14) or partially or completely outside the push-in region (14).

13. Method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that a crimping sleeve (16) is plugged on before the widening.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a hose having an inner hose and a braid.

The invention further relates to a hose assembly having a hose nipple and a hose, wherein the hose nipple is arranged in an insertion region of the hose.

The invention finally relates to a method for producing a hose assembly, wherein a hose nipple is inserted into a hose.

Background

Hoses, in particular connection hoses, with a braid are known. The braid is used here to avoid bursting of the flexible inner tube, to ensure the required tensile strength and/or to prevent damage to the inner tube.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is to provide a hose with improved production and/or use properties.

In order to solve this object, the features of claim 1 are specified according to the invention. In particular, to solve the stated problem, it is proposed according to the invention in a hose of the type mentioned at the outset that the inner hose is made of an uncrosslinked thermoplastic material. Such a material selection has proven to enable particularly advantageous use properties with regard to flexibility and flexural strength.

In an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the inner tube is made of PE-RT. PE-RT is the preferred material choice.

The material PE-RT can be characterized here as a Polyethylene (PE) with increased heat Resistance (RT), for example as PE-RT of type I or type II according to DIN EN ISO22391-2:2010-04, section 4.

If the inner hose has a melt index (190 ℃/2.16kg) of 0.1g/10min to 10g/10min, preferably 0.5g/10min to 2g/10min and/or a density of 0.925g/cm³To 0.960g/cm³Preferably 0.929g/cm³To 0.940g/cm³Can achieve particularly advantageous use properties. The melt index may be defined, for example, according to ASTM D1238 or ISO 1133.

In order to solve the stated object, the features of the claims relating to the hose are alternatively or additionally specified. In particular, it is therefore proposed according to the invention in a hose of the type mentioned at the outset that the outer diameter D (given and measured in mm) of the inner hose and the wall thickness s (given and measured in mm) of the inner hose satisfy the following:

A≤10000*s/D^1.5

and/or

10000*s/D^1.5≤B，

Wherein A is>＝390 1/mm^0.5Preferably A is 4251/mm^0.5And B is<＝585 1/mm^0.5Preferably, B is 5651/mm^0.5. Such a parameter selectionThis is particularly advantageous for achieving good bending strength.

In an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the braiding has a braiding angle of between 41 ° and 55 °. A good balance is thus achieved between tensile strength and burst pressure strength.

In (imagined) unfolded braids, the braiding angle may be characterized, for example, by the angle between the monofilament and the longitudinal direction (e.g., the hose axis).

The following characteristic parameters are generally expressed:

outer diameter of Core [ mm ] inner Core

Diameter of Dwire [ mm ] single filament

Number of filaments per strand # Wires

Pitch or axial length of Pitch mm filaments wound around the core of the hose for one full turn

The number of Bobbins of the # Bobbins knitting machine for receiving one knitting bobbin, respectively, on which the strand consisting of monofilaments is wound.

Then, the braiding angle ("BraidAngle") was calculated as follows:

alternatively or additionally, the braiding can have a coverage of between 75% and 99%. A good balance between bending strength and flexibility is achieved.

In (imagined) spread braids, the coverage can be characterized, for example, by the ratio of the area of the face covered by a monofilament to the total area containing the monofilament and the interstices between these monofilaments.

Coverage ("Coverage") was calculated using the above definition as follows: coverage-2 Bfactor-Bfactor²Wherein

It is particularly advantageous if the braiding angle is between 43 ° and 49 ° and/or the coverage is between 84% and 93%. It has been found that the use properties in terms of tensile strength and burst pressure strength and/or in terms of flexural strength and flexibility can be particularly good for such a range of values.

In an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the braid is formed from plastic monofilaments having a diameter of 0.14mm to 0.50 mm. A braid can thus be achieved which simultaneously ensures strength against tensile stresses (along the longitudinal axis) or against internal pressure or bursting stresses and good flexibility.

Preferred diameters are in the range of 0.20mm to 0.3 mm. Particularly good performance properties are obtained with a diameter of 0.25 mm. + -. 0.025 mm.

In particular, it can be provided that the plastic monofilaments are made of polyurethane or polyester. Thus, a material having good processability and being inexpensive and high in quality can be obtained.

In an advantageous embodiment, the braid can be formed from stainless steel filaments with a diameter of 0.14mm to 0.50 mm. The invention thus also enables the formation of hoses using metal braids. Good performance properties can be achieved with the values given.

Preferred diameters are in the range of 0.16mm to 0.2 mm. Particularly good use properties are obtained with diameters of 0.18 mm. + -. 0.01 mm.

In order to solve the stated object, the features of the first parallel claim are alternatively or additionally specified for a hose assembly. In particular, it is therefore proposed in a hose assembly of the type mentioned at the outset that the outer diameter of the hose nipple in the insertion region is at least as large as the sum of the net inner diameter of the hose (for example the inner hose of the hose) measured outside the insertion region and the wall thickness of the wall delimiting the net inner diameter. A sufficiently large inner diameter of the hose nipple can thus be achieved with an increased wall thickness of the inner hose without jeopardizing the stability of the hose nipple under mechanical load, for example during crimping.

Preferably, the outer diameter of the hose nipple in the insertion region is at least as large as the sum formed by the net inner diameter of the hose (e.g. the inner hose of the hose) measured outside the insertion region and the wall thickness of the wall, 1.0 times, 1.1 times, 1.2 times, 1.3 times or 1.4 times. In this case, a particularly advantageous inner diameter is obtained at the hose nipple while the mechanical stability of the hose nipple is sufficient.

It is particularly advantageous here if the hose is designed according to the invention here, in particular as described above and/or according to any of the claims for hoses. The advantages of the material selection of the inner hose can thus also be utilized in such a case.

In an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the hose has an inner hose and the wall is an inner hose wall. The hose nipple can thus define, upon insertion, a widened portion of the inner hose which does not unduly restrict the inner diameter of the hose nipple, for example as a maximum flow obstruction. The inner hose may be wrapped with a braid, for example, to form the hose already described.

In an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the hose nipple has an end face at its insertion end oriented in the insertion direction, wherein the end face has an outer diameter d2 which is equal to or greater than the net inner diameter di of the hose outside the insertion region. Here, the outer diameter can be regarded as, for example, as being as large as the inner diameter if the tolerance ranges due to the production overlap at least partially or even completely with one another. If the inner diameter is as large as the outer diameter, a joint gap of about 4/10mm, which is otherwise customary, for example, is missing, so that the end face can thus be introduced directly into the hose, but cannot be mechanically treated.

It is particularly advantageous here if a projection is formed at the free end of the hose nipple, said projection following the outer diameter in the axial region. Thus, the introduction auxiliary portion can be constituted.

Experience has shown that insertion in industrial mass production is only possible safely from a seam gap between the inner hose and the hose nipple of more than 4/10 mm. The use of a joint gap has the result that the inner diameter of the hose nipple is smaller than technically necessary, as a result of which the flow resistance of the hose nipple is unnecessarily large. As an alternative or in addition, the use of a joint gap has the result that the outer diameter of the (inner) hose is greater than technically necessary, as a result of which the bending stability is unnecessarily small. It has been shown that the coordination of di and d2, which leaves a joint gap of less than 4/10mm or creates an interference with the (overlapping) tolerance range, leads to advantageous properties.

The end face can here define a flat face or a (convexly) curved profile in axial section. The curved profile can aid in the insertion process, while the flat face determines the defined alignment (abshluss).

The end face can be defined here, for example, as the axial projection of the outer surface of the hose nipple up to the first retaining rib onto a radial plane with respect to the insertion direction of the hose nipple. A radial plane may be characterized herein as a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (e.g. the hose axis), for example.

In order to solve the stated object, the features of the second subclaim are alternatively or additionally specified for the hose assembly. In particular, it is therefore proposed in a hose assembly of the type mentioned at the outset that the hose is widened at its insertion end, preferably thermally, in particular by means of a mandrel which is heated at least to the vicat softening temperature. The Vicat softening temperature can be defined, for example, according to DIN EN ISO 306 as VST/A/50.

Preferably, the heating is carried out to a temperature at least 30K or 50K above the vicat softening temperature. It is thus possible to achieve that the material of the inner hose is also brought on the mandrel close to or above the vicat softening temperature. Plastic deformation can be easily achieved at the time of insertion or press-in.

In particular, it can be provided that the hose is designed according to the invention, in particular as described above and/or according to one of the claims for a hose. The advantages of material selection or braiding can therefore also be utilized here.

In order to solve the stated object, the features of the respective method claims are alternatively or additionally specified according to the invention. In particular, it is therefore proposed according to the invention in a method of the type mentioned at the outset to widen the inner diameter of the hose, preferably thermally, in particular by means of a mandrel which is heated at least to the vicat softening temperature, preferably to a temperature which exceeds the vicat softening temperature (for example VST/a/50) by at least 30K or 50K, before and/or during insertion of the hose nipple. Accordingly, a manufacturing method for a hose assembly is described. The heating of the hose enables suppression of cracking of the inner hose.

In an advantageous embodiment, provision can be made for the mandrel to be pushed into a push-in region of the hose, wherein the hose is held on the outside in the push-in region.

Alternatively, it can be provided that the tube is held partially or completely outside the insertion region. A particularly advantageous widening can thereby be achieved for inserting the hose nipple.

In an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the crimping sleeve is pushed on before the widening. Thus avoiding undesirable splitting of the braid during assembly.

A preferred application of the hose and the hose assembly is a sanitary hose, for example as a connection hose.

Drawings

The invention will now be described in more detail by means of examples, without being limited thereto. Further embodiments result from the combination of features of one or more of the claims with one another and/or with single or multiple features of an embodiment.

In the drawings:

figure 1 shows in axial cross-section a hose according to the invention in a hose assembly according to the invention,

figure 2 shows a method for manufacturing a hose assembly according to the invention,

fig. 3 shows another method according to the invention for producing a hose assembly, in which the hose is held below the push-in region for the mandrel,

FIG. 4 shows a third method according to the invention for producing a hose assembly, wherein an upper crimping sleeve is placed before widening, and

fig. 5 shows a detailed illustration in partial axial section of a part of a hose assembly according to the invention (right) and of an associated hose nipple shown in a separate illustration (left).

Detailed Description

To illustrate the idea of the invention, fig. 1 shows in a very schematic form a hose, generally designated 1, which is provided with an inner hose 2 made of an uncrosslinked thermoplastic material and a braid 3 arranged on the outside on the inner hose 2.

The inner hose 2 is made of PE-RT in this example and has a melt index (190 °/2.16kg) of 0.5g/10min to 2g/10min and 0.929g/cm³To 0.940g/cm³The density of (c). In other embodiments, these values are selected to be different, in particular with a melt index (190 ℃/2.16kg) selected in the range of 0.1g/10min to 10g/10min and/or a density of 0.925g/cm³To 0.960g/cm³Is selected from the range of (1).

The inner hose 2 has in the embodiment shown an outer diameter D and a wall thickness s.

The following applies to D and s (units in mm):

A≤10000*s/D^1.5and 10000 s/D^1.5≤B，

Wherein, A is 4251/mm^0.5And B is 5651/mm^0.5. In other embodiments, these values are chosen to be different, for example at A>＝390 1/mm^0.5Is selected from the range of (A) ═ 4251/mm^0.5And/or B<＝585 1/mm^0.5Preferably, B is 5651/mm^0.5。

The braiding 3 in the exemplary embodiment shown has a braiding angle of between 43 ° and 49 ° and a coverage of between 84% and 93%. In other embodiments, these values are selected to be different, for example, a braid angle between 41 ° and 55 ° and/or a coverage between 75% and 99%.

In a first variant, the braid 3 is formed with monofilaments 4 (see fig. 2) made of plastic, for example of polyamide or polyester. The diameter of the monofilament 4 is 0.25 + -0.025 mm. In further embodiments, the monofilaments have other diameters, for example in the range of 0.14mm to 0.50mm, in particular 0.20mm to 0.3 mm.

In a second variant, the braid 3 is formed with stainless steel monofilaments having a diameter of 0.18mm ± 0.01 mm. In further embodiments, the monofilaments have other diameters, for example in the range of 0.14mm to 0.50mm, in particular 0.16mm to 0.2 mm.

In order to form the hose assembly 5 according to the invention, in the illustrated embodiment the hose nipple 6 is inserted into the hose 1, here for example into the inner hose 2, and is arranged in the insertion region 7.

The outer diameter da of the hose nipple 6 in the insertion region 7 is at least as large as the sum of the net inner diameter di of the hose 1 (here the inner hose 2) measured outside the insertion region 7 and the wall thickness s of the wall 8 (here the wall of the inner hose 2 as the inner hose wall) defining said net inner diameter di. The hose nipple 6 therefore projects into the undeformed inner hose 2 (i.e. outside the insertion region 7) on each side over half the wall thickness s, i.e. over the center line 19 of the material of the wall 8.

At its insertion end 9, the hose nipple 6 has an end face 11 oriented in the insertion direction 10. The end face 11 can be defined here, for example, as the axial projection of the outer surface 17 of the hose nipple 6 up to the first retaining rib 18 onto a radial plane with respect to the insertion direction of the hose nipple, or as a flat, axially oriented face. If (in a further embodiment) the hose nipple has a conical shape, then the first section of the elevation on the cone up to the first retaining rib can be counted as the end face, or only the axial face at the free end 21 as the end face 11.

The end face 11 has an outer diameter d2 which is greater than the net inner diameter di of the hose outside the insertion region 7. This has the result that it is difficult until impossible to press the hose nipple 6 into the untreated inner hose 2.

In a further exemplary embodiment according to fig. 5, the outer diameter d2 of the end face 11 is exactly equal to the net inner diameter di of the (inner) tube 2 outside the insertion region, i.e. of the undeformed tube. If one considers the tolerance range of the mutual overlap of the hose nipple 6 and the inner hose 2, the inner diameter di is sometimes slightly larger or slightly smaller than the outer diameter d 2. This indicates that the inner hose 2 must be expanded before the hose nipple insertion, even though d2< di applies.

In fig. 1 da and d2 differ only by the height of retaining rib 18, but da is here significantly greater than d2, since hose nipple 6 tapers at its free end 21 toward (sleeve-shaped) projection 22.

In other respects, components and functional units that are similar or identical in function and/or structure to fig. 1 to 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals and are not described separately again. The description of fig. 1 to 4 therefore correspondingly applies.

Fig. 2 shows a manufacturing method according to the invention.

The mandrel 12 is heated (left) to a temperature of at least 50K above the vicat softening temperature of the material of the inner hose 2.

The hose 1 is thermally widened at its insertion end 9 with a mandrel 12.

Here, the hose 1 is held on the outside by the holding clamp block 13.

The holding clamp blocks 13 are arranged here such that they enclose and support the hose 1 in the insertion region 14.

The holding clamp block 13 is then removed again and the core rod 12 is pulled out (right).

Leaving a plastically formed widening 15 into which the hose nipple 6 can be easily pressed. The braid 3 is not widened.

Fig. 3 shows another method according to the invention. The components and functional units that are similar or identical in structure or function to the previous embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals and are not separately described. The description of fig. 1 and 2 therefore applies here correspondingly.

The embodiment according to fig. 3 differs from the embodiment according to fig. 2 in that: the holding clamp block 13 is arranged below the insertion region 14.

As a result of this, the braid 3 also widens under the influence of the mandrel 12. The inner tube 2 is therefore less chamfered in the chamfer 20 than in the case according to fig. 2.

Fig. 4 shows another method according to the invention. The components and functional units that are similar or identical in structure or function to the previous embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals and are not separately described. The description of fig. 1 to 3 therefore applies here correspondingly.

The embodiment according to fig. 4 differs from the embodiment according to fig. 3 in that: the sleeve is crimped over the sleeve 16 prior to widening. The crimping sleeve thus fixes the braid 3 in the insertion end 9.

After the mandrel 12 has been pulled out (fig. 4, right), the hose nipple 6 is inserted into the widened portion 15 and crimped against the crimping sleeve 16.

In the case of the hose 1, it is therefore proposed according to the invention to produce the inner hose 2 from an uncrosslinked thermoplastic material and to widen the inner hose 2 thermally.

List of reference numerals

1 Flexible pipe

2 inner hose

3 knitted fabric

4 (Plastic/stainless steel) monofilament

5 hose assembly

6 hose nipple

7 insertion region

8 wall

9 insertion end

10 direction of insertion

11 end face

12 core rod

13 holding clamp block

14 push-in area

15 widening part

16 crimping sleeve

17 outer surface

18 retention rib

19 center line

20 chamfering

21 free end portion

22 projecting part

Outer diameter D of D2

Wall thickness of s 2

da 6 outer diameter

Inner diameter of di 2

Outer diameter of d 211