阅读说明：本技术 一种螺旋叶片及其制备方法 (Helical blade and preparation method thereof ) 是由 孔祥意 陈志凯 宋宏涛 李强 关婷婷 王飞 何冰 赵拼搏 于 2021-07-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种螺旋叶片及其制备方法,包括：叶片基体和若干耐磨体,所述叶片基体呈半圆设计,耐磨体呈线状设计,所述叶片基体上设置堆焊(熔覆)区域,线状耐磨体呈螺旋分布或组合呈“Z”字形分布；本申请的制备方法采用配比不低于60HRC硬质合金粉末及堆焊(熔覆)制备方法,将硬质合金粉末按照设定好的运动轨迹,堆焊(熔覆)形成致密性好、硬度高、耐磨性好的耐磨体结构。本发明可以通过改变物料与叶片的相对运动轨迹,降低作用在叶片边缘处的摩擦力,提升螺旋叶片耐磨性以延长使用寿命,减少堆焊(熔覆)过程中的热输入量防止基体开裂,降低粉末消耗及提升堆焊(熔覆)效率,创造了新型高耐磨复合形式的摊铺机螺旋叶片。(The invention discloses a helical blade and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: the blade comprises a blade base body and a plurality of wear-resistant bodies, wherein the blade base body is in a semicircular design, the wear-resistant bodies are in a linear design, a surfacing (cladding) area is arranged on the blade base body, and the linear wear-resistant bodies are distributed spirally or combined in a Z shape; according to the preparation method, the hard alloy powder is subjected to surfacing (cladding) according to a set motion trajectory to form a wear-resistant body structure with good compactness, high hardness and good wear resistance by adopting the preparation method of the hard alloy powder with the proportion of not less than 60HRC and the surfacing (cladding). The invention can reduce the friction force acting on the edge of the blade by changing the relative motion track of the material and the blade, improve the wear resistance of the helical blade to prolong the service life, reduce the heat input in the surfacing (cladding) process, prevent the matrix from cracking, reduce the powder consumption and improve the surfacing (cladding) efficiency, thereby creating the novel high-wear-resistance composite-form helical blade of the paver.)

1. A helical blade, comprising: the blade base member and a plurality of wear-resisting body, the blade base member is the semicircle design, wear-resisting body is linear wear-resisting body, set up the build-up welding region on the blade base member, linear wear-resisting body is spiral distribution or combination and is "Z" font distribution in the build-up welding region.

2. The helical blade according to claim 1, wherein the bead weld region is disposed on a working surface in a material guiding direction of the blade base body, and the bead weld region comprises: and the distance between the blade and the edge of the blade substrate is 0-80 mm.

3. A spiral vane as claimed in claim 1, wherein the angle between the centre line of the wear body and the radius of the vane base through its centre is in the range of 20 to 70 °.

4. A helical blade according to claim 1 wherein the length of said wire-like wear bodyL= 20-80 mm; width of the linear wear-resistant bodyd= 3-8 mm; height of the linear wear-resistant bodyH= 1-5 mm; distance between adjacent spirally distributed linear wear-resistant bodiesD=10~30mm。

5. A spiral blade according to claim 1, wherein the linear wear bodies are of a convex configuration with penetration in a semi-circular or approximately semi-circular cross-section.

6. A method for producing a helical blade according to any one of claims 1 to 5,

fixing a blade base body on a connecting shaft, wherein the working surface of the blade base body faces upwards, and fixing a connecting shaft assembly on a three-jaw chuck;

and (3) overlaying the hard alloy powder on the surface of the blade matrix to be strengthened according to a preset motion track by adopting a high-energy beam heat source, and rapidly melting and rapidly solidifying the hard alloy powder in a local area by using the high-energy beam heat source to further form a wear-resistant body.

7. A method according to claim 6, wherein said high energy beam heat source comprises: a laser beam or a plasma arc.

8. A method according to claim 6, wherein the hard alloy powder has a hardness of not less than 60HRC and a powder particle size of 50-200 mesh.

9. A method for preparing a helical blade according to claim 6, wherein the hard alloy powder is preheated to 150-200 ℃ for drying treatment before surfacing preparation.

10. A method for preparing a helical blade according to claim 6, wherein before the surfacing is prepared, a steel brush is used for polishing the surfacing area on the blade substrate, and alcohol is used for wiping and cleaning the surface of the blade substrate.

Technical Field

The invention discloses a helical blade and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of engineering machinery pavement construction equipment.

Background

The industry often adopts many paver parallel machines to pave and the layering mode of paving realizes super wide road surface pave, but arouse the temperature easily, the temperature, it is horizontal, it is vertical, vertical segregation problem, influence road surface construction quality and process, super wide super thick paver's input is used, not only alleviate road surface segregation, and shorten construction cycle and reduce construction cost by a wide margin, realize super wide road surface one-time construction of paving, helical blade carries as concrete material, divide the material, the key spare part of pave, when super wide super thick road surface paves, required material volume is huge, the blade is changed into the working method of "burying" the material entirely by "partly burying" material, lead to the blade wearing and tearing very serious.

As shown in figure 1, the existing helical blade is generally made of high-chromium cast iron, although the material has high hardness, when the existing helical blade is rubbed with concrete materials for a long time, the edge of the blade still has high abrasion, so that the service life of the helical blade is influenced, and the requirement of the ultra-wide and ultra-thick paver on the limit abrasion working condition cannot be met until the existing helical blade is scrapped.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the background technology, the invention provides the helical blade and the preparation method thereof, so as to improve the comprehensive wear resistance of the helical blade and prolong the service life of the helical blade.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a helical blade, comprising: blade base member and a plurality of wear-resisting body, the blade base member is the semicircle design, wear-resisting body is the linear wear-resisting body, set up build-up welding (cladding) region on the blade base member, the blade base member the linear wear-resisting body is spiral distribution (along circumferencial direction parallel distribution) or the combination is "Z" font distribution in build-up welding (cladding) region, and the wear-resisting linear wear-resisting body that is adjacent spiral distribution of "Z" font distribution line is end to end between, and it is continuous.

Further, the build-up welding (cladding) region set up in the working face of blade base member guide direction, the build-up welding (cladding) region include: and the distance between the blade and the edge of the blade substrate is 0-80 mm.

Furthermore, the included angle between the central line of the wear-resistant body and the radius of the blade substrate passing through the center of the wear-resistant body ranges from 20 degrees to 70 degrees, and the radius direction of the blade substrate is a straight line where the circle center of the blade and the geometric center of the wear-resistant body are located.

Further, the length of the linear wear-resistant bodyL= 20-80 mm; width of the linear wear-resistant bodyd= 3-8 mm; height of the linear wear-resistant bodyH= 1-5 mm; distance between adjacent spirally distributed linear wear-resistant bodies D=10~30mm。

Furthermore, the linear wear-resistant body is a convex structure with a melting depth, and the cross section of the convex structure is semicircular or approximately semicircular.

A method for preparing a helical blade, which comprises the following steps,

fixing the blade base body: fixing a blade base body on a connecting shaft, wherein the working surface of the blade base body faces upwards, and fixing a connecting shaft assembly on a three-jaw chuck;

surfacing (cladding) to prepare a wear-resistant body: the method comprises the following steps of overlaying (cladding) hard alloy powder on the surface of a blade matrix to be strengthened according to a preset motion track by adopting a high-energy beam heat source, rapidly melting and rapidly solidifying the alloy powder in a local area by using a high-energy beam, and further forming a wear-resistant body, wherein the wear-resistant body is sequentially constructed along the rotation direction of the blade.

Further, the high energy beam heat source comprises: a laser beam or a plasma arc, said high energy beam heat source comprising: the laser beam or plasma arc, laser beam build-up welding (cladding) process is: the laser power P = 3500-3900W, the scanning speed V = 6-10 mm/s, and the powder feeding speed is 2-3 r/min;

the plasma arc surfacing (cladding) process comprises the following steps: the current I = 100-400A, the powder feeding voltage U = 20-60V, the swing speed V = 200-800 mm/min, and the swing width is 20-80 mm.

Further, the hardness of the hard alloy powder is not lower than 60HRC, and the powder granularity is 50-200 meshes.

Further, before surfacing (cladding) preparation, the hard alloy powder is preheated to 150-200 ℃ for drying treatment.

Further, before surfacing (cladding) preparation, a steel brush is adopted to polish a surfacing (cladding) area on the blade matrix, and alcohol is used to wipe and clean the surface of the blade matrix to remove oil stains.

Has the advantages that: 1. the linear wear-resistant bodies are arranged on the outer circle edge of the blade and are distributed approximately in parallel, and the structural design that the linear wear-resistant bodies form an acute angle with the rotation direction of the helical blade can reduce the driving force of wear particles to the edge of the blade in the working process of the helical blade, change the relative motion track of hard media such as concrete and gravel materials and the edge of the blade, and reduce the acting force of the particles acting on the edge of the blade, thereby prolonging the service life of the blade; meanwhile, when the abrasion particles move on the surface of the blade at a high speed and contact the abrasion-resistant body, the abrasion mechanism is changed from abrasive particle abrasion to rolling abrasion, so that the abrasion loss is further reduced; in addition, the linear wear-resistant body structure is adopted, the whole working surface is not required to be made into a wear-resistant body, the structural design of a discontinuous plane can obviously reduce the heat input of surfacing (cladding), avoid the cracking of a coating or a matrix caused by a large amount of thermal stress, obviously reduce the preparation cost and improve the processing efficiency, and has important significance for industrial application.

2. The invention adopts the surfacing (cladding) technology, utilizes a high-energy beam heat source to perform surfacing (cladding) on hard alloy powder on the surface of a workpiece to be reinforced according to a preset motion track, the high-energy beam rapidly melts and rapidly solidifies the alloy powder in a local area, so as to form a non-equilibrium compact structure with a fine and compact structure, the dilution rate is low, the hardness is high, a surfacing (cladding) layer on a macroscopic scale has a certain melting depth and is attractive in shape, the mechanization degree is high, the production efficiency is high, the processing flexibility is realized, the customized batch production is suitable, the wear resistance is greatly improved, the service life of a blade is prolonged, and the operation quality and the construction efficiency of the ultra-wide and ultra-thick paver are improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional helical blade matrix structure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a spiral vane wear resistant body;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another helical blade wear body;

FIG. 4 (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the wear body, and FIG. 4 (b) is a schematic side view of the wear body;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the overlaying (cladding) processing of the helical blade.

Detailed Description

The following describes the embodiments in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

One embodiment is shown in FIGS. 2-3: a helical blade, comprising: blade base member 1 and a plurality of wear-resisting body 5, blade base member 1 is the semicircle design, wear-resisting body 5 is the linear wear-resisting body, set up build-up welding (cladding) region 2 on the blade base member tip, blade base member root 3 sets up bolted connection hole 4, linear wear-resisting body 5 is spiral distribution (along circumferencial direction parallel distribution) or the combination is "Z" font distribution in build-up welding (cladding) region, wherein: the center line of the abrasion-resistant body A distributed spirally and the radius R of the blade passing through the center of the abrasion-resistant body A₁Between them form an included angle ofα ₁Angle range alpha₁20-70 degrees; the central line of the middle wear-resistant body B distributed in a Z shape and the blades passing through the center of the central lineRadius R₂Between them form an included angle ofα ₂ ，Angle range alpha₂=20~70°。

Build-up welding (cladding) region 2 set up in the working face of blade base member guide direction, build-up welding (cladding) region 2 include: and the distance between the blade and the edge of the blade substrate is 0-80 mm.

As shown in fig. 4 (a) and 4 (b), the length of the linear wear-resistant bodyL= 20-80 mm; width of the linear wear-resistant bodyd= 3-8 mm; height of the linear wear-resistant bodyH= 1-5 mm; distance between adjacent spirally distributed linear wear-resistant bodies D=10~30mm。

The linear wear-resistant body is a convex structure with a semicircular or approximately semicircular cross section and melting depth.

One preparation method as shown in fig. 5: aiming at the helical blade made of high-chromium cast iron, selecting powder material hard alloy powder, wherein the hardness of the hard alloy powder is not lower than 60HRC, the powder granularity is 50-200 meshes, and adopting a laser surfacing (cladding) preparation method, before preparing a helical blade wear-resistant body, the specific method comprises the following steps:

step 1, polishing a surfacing (cladding) part at the end part of a blade matrix by using a steel brush, wiping the surface by using alcohol to remove oil stains, ensuring the cleanness of the surface, fixing the blade matrix 1 on a connecting shaft 6 through a bolt 7 according to the form shown in a figure 5, confirming that the blade matrix is tightly attached to the connecting shaft during connection, and confirming that the blade cannot shake;

step 2, the blade base body 1 and the connecting shaft 6 assembly are placed on a three-jaw chuck 8, the working surface of the blade base body faces upwards, and a jaw driving mechanism of the three-jaw chuck is rotated to enable jaws to move radially and clamp the connecting shaft;

step 3, rotating the positioner for supporting the three-jaw chuck 8, aligning the center of the connecting shaft 6 by adopting a lever meter, enabling the radial runout to be less than 0.5mm, fixing the three-jaw chuck on the positioner by adopting a pressing plate, and re-confirming whether the connecting shaft is in the center position;

Step 4, rotating the positioner, aligning the lowest edge of the blade base body 1, setting the lowest edge as an initial angle of 0 degrees, and sequentially constructing the linear wear-resistant bodies along the rotation direction Y position (angle of 180 degrees) of the blade base body by taking the X position (angle of 0 degrees) of the blade base body as a starting point;

step 5, performing surfacing (cladding) programming and starting program simulation according to the shape of the blade matrix 1 and the surfacing (cladding) wear-resistant body, and verifying the surfacing (cladding) requirements of the program composite wear-resistant body;

step 6, preheating the powder to 150-200 ℃, drying for about 1.5h, placing the powder in a powder feeder 9, arranging a surfacing (cladding) nozzle 10 at the lower end of the powder feeder, arranging the surfacing (cladding) nozzle on the upper side of the working surface of the blade matrix 1, setting heat source parameters, setting laser power P to 3800W, powder feeding speed to be 2.5r/min, scanning speed to be V =6mm/s, defocusing amount (the distance between a laser focus and a target plane) to be 150mm, starting a surfacing (cladding) machine, and surfacing (cladding) the wear-resistant body of the blade;

step 7, after surfacing (cladding) is finished, taking down the blade substrate from the connecting shaft 6 by adopting a special device or wearing heat-resistant gloves;

and 8, under the condition that the shape of the blade matrix is not changed, installing the blade matrix on the connecting shaft 6 by adopting bolts, starting a surfacing (cladding) machine, taking down the blade matrix after surfacing (cladding) is finished, and repeating the action cycle.

The included angle between the linear wear-resistant body manufactured by the method and the radius of the helical blade passing through the center direction is alpha₁Angle of included angle alpha₁=35 °, distance between the linear wear-resistant bodies was 20mm, length was 30mm, width was 5mm, and height was 3 mm.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.