阅读说明：本技术 一种基于超级电容驱动的直流电机控制电路 (Direct current motor control circuit based on super capacitor drive ) 是由 严由辉 孙文 公飞 赵金华 李帅 李勇 于 2021-09-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于超级电容驱动的直流电机控制电路,其技术方案包括通过DCDC电源芯片保证了电机的供电电压稳定,可使直流电机的转速不受输入电压的变化而影响,选用H桥电机驱动控制芯片避免了单独设计驱动电路器件繁琐复杂的问题,并且对电机电流进行实时精准控制,防止电机在运行过程中出现过载或者堵转现象,可见本发明一种基于超级电容驱动的直流电机控制电路稳定性高,可靠性高,技术实现简单。(The invention discloses a direct current motor control circuit based on super capacitor driving, which adopts the technical scheme that a DCDC power supply chip ensures the stability of the power supply voltage of a motor, the rotating speed of the direct current motor is not influenced by the change of input voltage, an H-bridge motor driving control chip is selected to avoid the problem of complicated and complicated devices of an independently designed driving circuit, the current of the motor is accurately controlled in real time, and the overload or locked rotor phenomenon of the motor in the running process is prevented.)

1. The super-capacitor-driven direct-current motor control circuit is characterized by preferably comprising a super-capacitor E1, an inductor L1, a diode VD1, a boosting power supply chip D1, a resistor R1, a resistor R3, a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C2, wherein the cathode of the super-capacitor E1 is grounded, one end of the inductor L1 is connected with the anode of the super-capacitor E1, and the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the SW pin of the boosting power supply chip D1 and the anode of the diode VD 1; one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the cathode of the diode VD1, the VOUT pin of the boosting power chip D1, the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2, and the other end is connected with the resistor R3 and the FB pin of the boosting power chip D1; the resistor R3, the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2 are grounded, an NC pin of the boosting power chip D1 is suspended, and an EN pin is connected with a 3.3V power supply; preferably, the dc motor driving circuit is composed of a resistor R2, a capacitor C3, a motor driving chip D2 and a motor D4, wherein one end of the resistor R2 is grounded, and the other end is connected to a GND pin of the driving chip D2; one end of the capacitor C3 is connected with a VCC pin of the driving chip D2, which is also the output of the super capacitor booster circuit, and the other end is grounded; one end of the motor D4 is connected with the OUT1 pin of the driving chip D2, and the other end is connected with the OUT2 pin of the driving chip D2; an IN1 pin of the driving chip D2 is connected with an IO1 pin of the MCU control unit, and an IN2 pin of the driving chip D2 is connected with an IO2 pin of the MCU control unit; preferably, the dc motor overcurrent detection circuit comprises a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a comparator D3, a capacitor C4 and a capacitor C5, wherein one end of the resistor R4 is connected to the power supply 2.5V, and the other end is connected to the resistor R5 and the non-inverting input pin IN + of the comparator D3; one end of the resistor R6 is connected with the inverting input pin IN-of the comparator D3, and the other end is connected with the GND pin of the driving chip D2; one end of the capacitor C4 is connected with the 3.3V power supply and the positive input voltage V + of the comparator D3, and the other end is grounded; one end of the capacitor C5 is connected with the inverted input voltage V-of the comparator D3 and the ground, and the other end is connected with the output OUT pin of the comparator D3 and is also the MCU control unit IO3 pin.

2. The super capacitor drive-based direct current motor control circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the voltage of the super capacitor E1 reaches the input voltage of the boost power chip D1, the boost power chip can output the stable voltage required by the motor to be used as the power source for the rotation of the motor. The output pins IO1 and IO2 of the MCU control unit D5 output high or low levels of control signals for driving the motor, serving as the input pins IN1 and IN2 of the motor driving chip D2. When the output pins IO1 and IO2 of the MCU control unit D5 are all high level or all low level, the output pin of the DC motor driving chip D2 is disabled, so that the motor D4 is not rotated; when one of the output pins IO1 and IO2 of the MCU control unit D5 is at a high level and the other is at a low level, one of the output pins OUT1 and OUT2 of the driving chip D2 is at a high level and the other is at a low level, and the motor D4 is controlled to realize the functions of forward rotation and reverse rotation.

3. The super capacitor drive-based direct current motor control circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein when overload or locked rotor is encountered during the operation of the motor D4, the current flowing through the motor D4 increases, which causes the voltage across the resistor R2 to increase, resulting in the voltage at the reverse input terminal of the comparator D3 being greater than the voltage at the same input terminal, and further the level state of the output terminal OUT of the comparator D3 is opposite to the level state of the normal operation of the motor D4, and the input pin IO3 of the MCU control unit detects the change of the level state, thereby controlling the rotation of the motor D4 to stop, and preventing the motor D4 from being damaged by overload or locked rotor.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of direct current motor driving circuits, in particular to a direct current motor control circuit based on super capacitor driving.

Background

In direct current motor drive control circuit, the required voltage of motor often is unstable, and motor voltage unstability can cause the motor to rotate the number of turns uncertain, is unfavorable for direct current motor's accurate control. The separately designed dc motor driving circuit has a large number of power devices such as resistors, triodes, or MOS, which makes the calculation amount complicated and not easy to implement the technology. In addition, in the actual running process of the direct current motor, the motor is inevitably overloaded or locked-rotor, and the motor is damaged in severe cases.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims at providing a motor driving control circuit which is simple in operation and easy to implement.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a dc motor control circuit based on super capacitor driving, wherein the driving control circuit comprises: super capacitor boost circuit, DC motor drive circuit, motor overcurrent detection circuit and MCU the control unit, wherein:

the super capacitor booster circuit boosts the voltage of the super capacitor to the stable voltage required by the motor through the booster chip, so that the stable rotation number of turns of the motor is ensured;

the direct current motor driving circuit adopts an H-bridge driving chip, so that the stability of motor control is ensured;

the motor overcurrent detection circuit converts a current signal in the running process of the motor into a voltage signal, compares the voltage signal with a reference voltage value through a comparator and outputs a high-low level signal of the comparator;

the MCU control unit provides a driving control signal of the direct current motor driving circuit and detects whether overload phenomenon exists or not to the motor current, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the motor.

The DC motor control circuit based on super capacitor driving has the advantages that the DCDC power supply chip ensures that the power supply voltage of the motor is stable, the rotating speed of the DC motor is not influenced by the change of the input voltage, the H-bridge motor driving control chip is selected, the problem that the design of a driving circuit device is complicated and complicated independently is avoided, the current of the motor is accurately controlled in real time, and the overload or locked rotor phenomenon of the motor in the running process is prevented.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit of a direct current motor based on super capacitor driving according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the dc motor control circuit based on super capacitor driving in this embodiment includes a super capacitor boost circuit, a dc motor driving circuit, a motor overcurrent detection circuit, and an MCU control unit.

The super capacitor booster circuit boosts the voltage of the super capacitor to the stable voltage required by the motor through the booster chip, and the number of turns of the motor is guaranteed to be stable. The super capacitor boosting circuit comprises a super capacitor E1, an inductor L1, a diode VD1, a boosting power supply chip D1, a resistor R1, a resistor R3, a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C2, wherein the cathode of the super capacitor E1 is grounded, one end of the inductor L1 is connected with the anode of the super capacitor E1, and the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the SW pin of the boosting power supply chip D1 and the anode of the diode VD 1; one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the cathode of the diode VD1, the VOUT pin of the boosting power chip D1, the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2, and the other end is connected with the resistor R3 and the FB pin of the boosting power chip D1; the resistor R3, the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2 are grounded, an NC pin of the boosting power supply chip D1 is suspended, and an EN pin is connected with a 3.3V power supply.

The direct current motor driving circuit adopts an H-bridge driving chip, and the stability of motor control is ensured. The direct current motor driving circuit consists of a resistor R2, a capacitor C3, a motor driving chip D2 and a motor D4, wherein one end of the resistor R2 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with a GND pin of the driving chip D2; one end of the capacitor C3 is connected with a VCC pin of the driving chip D2, which is also the output of the super capacitor booster circuit, and the other end is grounded; one end of the motor D4 is connected with the OUT1 pin of the driving chip D2, and the other end is connected with the OUT2 pin of the driving chip D2; an IN1 pin of the driving chip D2 is connected with an IO1 pin of the MCU control unit, and an IN2 pin of the driving chip D2 is connected with an IO2 pin of the MCU control unit.

The motor overcurrent detection circuit converts a current signal in the motor operation process into a voltage signal, compares the voltage signal with a reference voltage value through a comparator and outputs a high-low level signal of the comparator. The motor overcurrent detection circuit comprises a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a comparator D3, a capacitor C4 and a capacitor C5, wherein one end of the resistor R4 is connected with a power supply of 2.5V, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with a resistor R5 and a non-inverting input pin IN + of the comparator D3; one end of the resistor R6 is connected with the inverting input pin IN-of the comparator D3, and the other end is connected with the GND pin of the driving chip D2; one end of the capacitor C4 is connected with the 3.3V power supply and the positive input voltage V + of the comparator D3, and the other end is grounded; one end of the capacitor C5 is connected with the inverted input voltage V-of the comparator D3 and the ground, and the other end is connected with the output OUT pin of the comparator D3 and is also the MCU control unit IO3 pin.

When the voltage of the super capacitor E1 reaches the input voltage of the boosting power supply chip D1, the boosting power supply chip can output the stable voltage required by the motor and is used as a power source required by the rotation of the motor. The output pins IO1 and IO2 of the MCU control unit D5 output high or low levels of control signals for driving the motor, serving as the input pins IN1 and IN2 of the motor driving chip D2. When the output pins IO1 and IO2 of the MCU control unit D5 are all at a high level or all at a low level, the output pin of the dc motor driving chip D2 is disabled, so that the motor D4 does not rotate. When one of the output pins IO1 and IO2 of the MCU control unit D5 is at a high level and the other is at a low level, one of the output pins OUT1 and OUT2 of the driving chip D2 is at a high level and the other is at a low level, and the motor D4 is controlled to realize the functions of forward rotation and reverse rotation.

When the motor D4 is overloaded or locked during operation, the current flowing through the motor D4 increases, which increases the voltage value at the two ends of the resistor R2, so that the voltage at the reverse input end of the comparator D3 is greater than the voltage at the same input end, and the level state of the output end OUT of the comparator D3 is opposite to the level state of the motor D4 in normal operation, and the input pin IO3 of the MCU control unit detects the change of the level state, thereby controlling the motor D4 to stop rotating, and preventing the motor D4 from being overloaded or locked from damaging the motor body.

The above-mentioned embodiments are illustrative of the specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not restrictive, and those skilled in the relevant art can make various changes and modifications to obtain corresponding equivalent technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, so that all equivalent technical solutions should be included in the scope of the present invention.