阅读说明：本技术 直流电机调速换向控制器 (Speed-regulating reversing controller for DC motor ) 是由 韩冬 王宝新 刘俭佳 曲凯 方学林 于 2021-08-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种直流电机调速换向控制器,将主控MCU芯片、电机驱动电路网络、电流检测单元集成到同一块电路板,所述电机驱动电路网络包括上端驱动电路单元和下端驱动电路单元,所述的主控MCU芯片产生4路两两互补的脉宽调制PWM驱动信号,其中两路互补脉宽调制PWM信号连接到上端驱动电路单元,另两路互补脉宽调制PWM信号连接到下端驱动电路单元,电流检测单元一端连接到上端驱动电路单元中的驱动芯片VS引脚,另一端连接到直流电机中的A相,下端驱动电路单元的VS引脚连接到直流电机中的B相。可实现直流电机的调速和换向,具备体积小,调速更加精准等优点。(The invention discloses a speed-regulating reversing controller of a direct current motor, which integrates a main control MCU chip, a motor driving circuit network and a current detection unit into the same circuit board, wherein the motor driving circuit network comprises an upper end driving circuit unit and a lower end driving circuit unit, the main control MCU chip generates 4 paths of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) driving signals which are complementary pairwise, the two paths of complementary PWM driving signals are connected to the upper end driving circuit unit, the other two paths of complementary PWM driving signals are connected to the lower end driving circuit unit, one end of the current detection unit is connected to a driving chip VS pin in the upper end driving circuit unit, the other end of the current detection unit is connected to an A phase in the direct current motor, and the VS pin of the lower end driving circuit unit is connected to a B phase in the direct current motor. The speed regulation and the reversing of the direct current motor can be realized, and the direct current motor has the advantages of small volume, more accurate speed regulation and the like.)

1. The speed-regulating reversing controller of the direct current motor is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps that a main control MCU chip, a motor driving circuit network and a current detection unit are integrated on the same circuit board, the motor driving circuit network comprises an upper end driving circuit unit and a lower end driving circuit unit, the main control MCU chip generates 4 paths of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) driving signals which are complementary pairwise, the two paths of complementary PWM signals are connected to the upper end driving circuit unit, the other two paths of complementary PWM signals are connected to the lower end driving circuit unit, one end of the current detection unit is connected to a driving chip VS pin in the upper end driving circuit unit, the other end of the current detection unit is connected to an A phase in the direct current motor, and the VS pin of the lower end driving circuit unit is connected to a B phase in the direct current motor.

2. The speed-regulating commutation controller of the direct current motor according to claim 1, wherein: the main control MCU chip adopts an STM32F103VET6 chip, pins PE8 and PE9 on the side of the STM32F103VET6 chip are two complementary pulse width modulation PWM waveform generator pins, pins PE10 and PE11 are two complementary pulse width modulation PWM waveform generator pins, and a PA3 pin of the STM32F103VET6 chip collects voltage signals output by the current detection unit.

3. The speed-regulating commutation controller of the direct current motor according to claim 1, wherein: the motor drive circuit network comprises an upper end UCC27282 drive chip and a lower end UCC27282 drive chip, the HIN pin of the upper end UCC27282 drive chip is connected with the PE8 pin of an STM32F103VET6 chip, the LIN pin of the upper end UCC27282 drive chip is connected with the PE9 pin of the STM32F103VET6 chip, the HIN pin of the lower end UCC27282 drive chip is connected with the PE10 pin of the STM32F103VET6 chip, and the LIN pin of the lower end UCC27282 drive chip is connected with the PE11 pin of the STM32F103VET6 chip.

4. The direct current motor speed regulation commutation controller of claim 3, wherein: the UCC27282 driver chip inside inlay high-end MOS pipe switch and low-end MOS pipe switch, STM32F103VET6 chip output complementary pulse width modulation PWM drive signal connect to UCC27282 driver chip's HIN pin and LIN pin, UCC27282 driver chip structure size be 7.5mm 8.5mm only, the biggest processing voltage is 100V, the biggest processing current is 30A, the minimum 7.3m omega of resistance between drain electrode and the source electrode.

5. The direct current motor speed regulation commutation controller of claim 3, wherein: VCC pin of upper and lower both ends UCC27282 driver chip connect the power supply by VCC15V voltage respectively, upper and lower both ends UCC27282 driver chip's VB pin and VS pin establish ties a bootstrap boost electric capacity C59 and C513 respectively, the COM pin and the V-of upper and lower both ends UCC27282 driver chip receive the power negative terminal, the VB pin of upper end UCC27282 driver chip establish ties and connects the bootstrap boost circuit of constituteing by bootstrap diode VD51, bootstrap resistance R53 all the way, bootstrap resistance R53 one end be connected to VCC15V power, the VB pin of lower extreme UCC27282 driver chip establish ties and connects the bootstrap boost circuit of constituteing by VD diode VD52, bootstrap resistance R57 all the way, bootstrap resistance R57 one end be connected to VCC15V power.

6. The direct current motor speed regulation commutation controller of claim 3, wherein: pins HO and G1 of the UCC27282 driver chips at the upper and lower ends are respectively connected to a 0 ohm resistor R54 and a resistor R58, pins LI and G2 of the UCC27282 driver chips at the upper and lower ends are respectively connected to the 0 ohm resistor, and a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) driving signal is input to an internal NMOS switching tube.

7. The direct current motor speed regulation commutation controller of claim 3, wherein: the HS pin of the upper UCC27282 driver chip is connected to the IP + pin of the current detection circuit, the IP-pin of the current detection circuit is connected to the phase A of the motor, and the HS pin of the lower UCC27282 driver chip is connected to the phase B of the motor.

8. The speed-regulating commutation controller of the direct current motor according to claim 1, wherein: the current detection unit comprises a current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS3, a pin of the current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS3IP + is connected with a VS pin of an upper RSM005-301MH driving chip, an IP-pin of the current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS3 is connected with an A phase of a direct current motor, a VCC pin of the current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS3 is connected with direct current 3.3V voltage, and a GND pin of the current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS3 is connected with a negative pole of a power supply.

9. The direct current motor speed regulation commutation controller of claim 8, wherein: the voltage measuring circuit is characterized in that a VOUT pin of the current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS3 is connected with a current limiting resistor R56 and a filter capacitor C511, one end of the current limiting resistor R56 is connected with a PA3 pin of the STM32F103VET6 chip, and the value of current flowing through a motor is obtained by measuring output voltage of the VOUT pin of the current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS 3.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of motor control, in particular to a speed-regulating reversing controller of a direct-current motor.

Background

The direct current motor is a device for converting direct current electric energy and mechanical energy, and compared with an alternating current motor, the direct current motor has the advantages of excellent speed regulation performance and starting performance, smooth stepless speed regulation performance, large overload capacity, capability of bearing frequent load impact and capability of meeting the operation requirement in an automatic production system. Because of good starting and speed regulating performance, the device is often used in occasions with higher requirements on starting and speed regulating, such as large reversible rolling mills, mine windlasses, gantry planers, electric locomotives, subway trains, large cranes and other production machinery.

The rotation speed of the DC motor is in direct proportion to the voltages applied to two phases of the motor, the rotation direction of the DC motor is related to the voltage applied to two phases of the motor, the traditional DC motor adjusts the speed by changing the resistance in the armature loop, the speed adjusting method is simple and easy to implement, has low price, has the defects of low efficiency and soft mechanical property, can not obtain wider and smooth speed adjusting performance, and can only be applied to occasions with small power and small requirement on the speed adjusting range.

Patent application No. 1 in the prior art: 2020216769541, the patent names: a DC motor control circuit uses 4 independent NMOS field effect transistor switch chips, and has a larger volume.

Patent 2 has application number 202010629833X, entitled: a drive control circuit of a direct current motor uses a triode and an NMOSNMOS field effect transistor switch chip, has more devices and can not realize a reversing function.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the speed-regulating reversing controller of the direct current motor, which can realize the speed regulation and the reversing of the direct current motor and has the advantages of small volume, more accurate speed regulation and the like.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the direct current motor speed regulation reversing controller integrates a main control MCU chip, a motor driving circuit network and a current detection unit into the same circuit board, wherein the motor driving circuit network comprises an upper end driving circuit unit and a lower end driving circuit unit, the main control MCU chip generates 4 paths of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) driving signals which are complementary pairwise, the two paths of complementary PWM driving signals are connected to the upper end driving circuit unit, the other two paths of complementary PWM driving signals are connected to the lower end driving circuit unit, one end of the current detection unit is connected to a driving chip VS pin in the upper end driving circuit unit, the other end of the current detection unit is connected to an A phase in the direct current motor, and the VS pin of the lower end driving circuit unit is connected to a B phase in the direct current motor.

More preferably, the main control MCU chip adopts an STM32F103VET6 chip, pins PE8 and PE9 at the side of the STM32F103VET6 chip are two complementary PWM waveform generator pins, pins PE10 and PE11 are two complementary PWM waveform generator pins, and a pin PA3 of the STM32F103VET6 chip collects a voltage signal output by the current detection unit.

More preferably, the motor driving circuit network includes an upper UCC27282 driving chip and a lower UCC27282 driving chip, a HIN pin of the upper UCC27282 driving chip is connected to a PE8 pin of an STM32F103VET6 chip, a LIN pin of the upper UCC27282 driving chip is connected to a PE9 pin of an STM32F103VET6 chip, a HIN pin of the lower UCC27282 driving chip is connected to a PE10 pin of an STM32F103VET6 chip, and a LIN pin of the lower UCC27282 driving chip is connected to a PE11 pin of an STM32F103VET6 chip.

More preferably, a high-end MOS transistor switch and a low-end MOS transistor switch are embedded in the UCC27282 driver chip, the STM32F103VET6 chip outputs complementary Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) driving signals to be connected to a HIN pin and a LIN pin of the UCC27282 driver chip, the structure size of the UCC27282 driver chip is only 7.5mm by 8.5mm, the maximum processing voltage is 100V, the maximum processing current is 30A, and the resistance between the drain and the source is minimum 7.3m Ω.

More preferably, the VCC pins of the upper and lower UCC27282 driver chips are respectively connected to supply power by VCC15V voltage, the VB pin and the VS pin of the upper and lower UCC27282 driver chips are respectively connected in series to a bootstrap boost capacitor C59 and C513, the COM pin and V-of the upper and lower UCC27282 driver chips are connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, the VB pin of the upper UCC27282 driver chip is connected in series to a bootstrap boost circuit composed of a bootstrap diode VD51 and a bootstrap resistor R53, one end of the bootstrap resistor R53 is connected to the power supply of VCC15V, the VB pin of the lower UCC27282 driver chip is connected in series to a boost bootstrap circuit composed of a bootstrap diode VD52 and a bootstrap resistor R57, and one end of the bootstrap resistor R57 is connected to the power supply of VCC 15V.

More preferably, the HO and G1 pins of the upper and lower UCC27282 driver chips are connected to 0 ohm resistors R54 and R58, respectively, and the LI and G2 pins of the upper and lower UCC27282 driver chips are connected to 0 ohm resistors, respectively, to input the PWM driving signal to the internal NMOS switching transistor.

More preferably, an HS pin of the upper UCC27282 driver chip is connected to an IP + pin of a current detection circuit, an IP-pin of the current detection circuit is connected to a phase a of the motor, and an HS pin of the lower UCC27282 driver chip is connected to a phase B of the motor.

More preferably, the current detection unit comprises a current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS3, a pin of the current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS3IP + is connected with a VS pin of an upper RSM005-301MH drive chip, an IP-pin of the current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS3 is connected with a phase a of the dc motor, a VCC pin of the current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS3 is connected with a dc 3.3V voltage, and a GND pin of the current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS3 is connected with a negative pole of a power supply.

More preferably, a VOUT pin of the current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS3 is connected to a current limiting resistor R56 and a filter capacitor C511, one end of the current limiting resistor R56 is connected to a PA3 pin of the STM32F103VET6 chip, and a current value flowing through the motor is obtained by measuring an output voltage of the VOUT pin of the current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS 3.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: with the development of power electronic technology and large-scale integrated circuit technology, the speed regulating system of the direct current motor controlled by the MCU main control chip, the MOS switch tube and the IGBT switch tube gradually replaces the original speed regulating system with smooth speed regulating and reversing performance. This application has adopted two integrated drive chip of upper and lower way, and its inside contains level conversion and NMOS field effect switch tube circuit, and the control cabinet passes through serial communication interface output target rotational speed, turns to the instruction, and main control chip can realize direct current motor's speed governing and switching-over according to the control signal of instruction output, through main control chip's control program, possesses advantages such as small, the speed governing is more accurate.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a general block diagram of a dc motor speed-regulating commutation controller of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a master MCU chip circuit according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a motor driving circuit of the present invention.

The labels in the figure are: 1-a main control MCU chip, 2-a wired communication unit, 3-an upper end drive circuit, 4-a lower end drive circuit, 5-a current detection unit, 6-a direct current motor,

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

A speed-regulating reversing controller of a direct current motor comprises a main control MCU chip 1, a speed-regulating reversing controller and a driving circuit, wherein the main control MCU chip generates a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) driving signal and outputs the PWM driving signal to a driving circuit network;

the level conversion unit is used for converting the input power voltage into the working voltage of the driving chip and the MCU;

the driving circuit network unit is used for converting signals input by the main control MCU chip;

and the current detection unit 5 is used for detecting the current of the motor and monitoring and protecting the running state of the motor.

The driving circuit network unit performs switching action on an internal NMOS field effect switching tube according to a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) driving signal transmitted by the main control MCU chip 1, and controls the on-off of two groups of upper and lower bridge NMOS switching tubes in the driving circuit network so as to control the electrifying direction of two phase wires of the direct current motor 6. The main control MCU chip 1 can adjust the voltage input to two phases of the motor by adjusting the duty ratio of the PWM driving signal, thereby realizing speed regulation. The device can realize the speed regulation and reversing functions of the direct current motor 6.

The method comprises the steps that a main control MCU chip 1, a motor driving circuit network and a current detection unit 5 are integrated on the same circuit board, the motor driving circuit network comprises an upper end driving circuit 3 and a lower end driving circuit 4, the main control MCU chip 1 generates 4 paths of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) driving signals which are complementary in pairs, wherein the two paths of complementary PWM driving signals are connected to the upper end driving circuit 3, and the two paths of complementary PWM driving signals are connected to the lower end driving circuit 4. One end of the current detection unit 5 is connected to a VS pin of the driving chip in the upper end driving circuit 3, the other end is connected to any one phase of the dc motor 6, and a VS pin of the lower end driving circuit 4 is connected to the other phase of the dc motor 6. The main control MCU chip 1 comprises an STM32F103VET6 chip, the STM32F103VET6 chip comprises two complementary pulse width modulation PWM waveform generator pins of PE8 and PE9 and two complementary pulse width modulation PWM waveform generator pins of PE10 and PE11, and the STM32F103VET6 chip comprises a PA3 pin and can acquire a voltage signal output by the current detection unit 5.

The motor driving circuit network comprises two UCC27282 driving chips, the HIN pin of the upper end UCC27282 driving chip is connected with the PE8 pin of the STM32F103VET6 chip, the LIN pin of the upper end UCC27282 driving chip is connected with the PE9 pin of the STM32F103VET6 chip, the HIN pin of the lower end UCC27282 driving chip is connected with the PE10 pin of the STM32F103VET6 chip, and the LIN pin of the lower end UCC27282 driving chip is connected with the PE11 pin of the STM32F103VET6 chip. The UCC27282 driver chip inside inlay high-end MOS pipe switch and low-end MOS pipe switch, STM32F103VET6 chip output complementary pulse width modulation PWM drive signal connect to UCC27282 driver chip's HIN pin and LIN pin, UCC27282 driver chip structure size be 7.5mm 8.5mm only, the biggest processing voltage is 100V, the biggest processing current is 30A, the minimum 7.3m omega of resistance between drain electrode and the source electrode.

VCC pin of upper and lower both ends UCC27282 driver chip connect the power supply by VCC15V voltage respectively, upper and lower both ends UCC27282 driver chip's VB pin and VS pin establish ties a bootstrap boost electric capacity C59 and C513 respectively, the COM pin and the V-of upper and lower both ends UCC27282 driver chip receive the power negative terminal, the VB pin of upper end UCC27282 driver chip establish ties and connects the bootstrap boost circuit of constituteing by bootstrap diode VD51, bootstrap resistance R53 all the way, bootstrap resistance R53 one end be connected to VCC15V power, the VB pin of lower extreme UCC27282 driver chip establish ties and connects the bootstrap boost circuit of constituteing by VD diode VD52, bootstrap resistance R57 all the way, bootstrap resistance R57 one end be connected to VCC15V power. Pins HO and G1 of the UCC27282 driver chips at the upper and lower ends are respectively connected to a 0 ohm resistor R54 and a resistor R58, pins LI and G2 of the UCC27282 driver chips at the upper and lower ends are respectively connected to the 0 ohm resistor, and a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) driving signal is input to an internal NMOS switching tube. The HS pin of the upper UCC27282 driver chip is connected to the IP + pin of the current detection circuit, the IP-pin of the current detection circuit is connected to the phase A of the motor, and the HS pin of the lower UCC27282 driver chip is connected to the phase B of the motor.

The current detection unit comprises a current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS3, a pin of the current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS3IP + is connected with a VS pin of an upper RSM005-301MH driving chip, an IP-pin of the current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS3 is connected with an A phase of a direct current motor, a VCC pin of the current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS3 is connected with direct current 3.3V voltage, and a GND pin of the current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS3 is connected with a power supply cathode. The voltage measuring circuit is characterized in that a VOUT pin of the current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS3 is connected with a current limiting resistor R56 and a filter capacitor C511, one end of the current limiting resistor R56 is connected with a PA3 pin of the STM32F103VET6 chip, and the value of current flowing through a motor is obtained by measuring output voltage of the VOUT pin of the current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS 3.

In the embodiment of the invention, the rated current of the direct current motor is limited to be within 30A, and the rated voltage is limited to be within 80V of the direct current voltage. Pins PE8 and PE9 of a main control chip STM32F103VET6 chip generate a pair of complementary Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signals, pins PE10 and PE11 generate a pair of complementary PWM signals, when the pin PE8 is at a high level and the pin PE9 is at a low level, an upper bridge NMOS field effect switch tube in an upper circuit driving chip is turned on, a lower bridge NMOS field effect switch tube is turned off, and the voltage output by a VS pin of the upper circuit driving chip is equal to the voltage of a V + pin, namely the positive electrode of a power supply. When the pin PE11 is at a high level and the pin PE10 is at a low level, the lower bridge NMOS field-effect switch tube in the lower driving chip is turned on, the upper bridge NMOS field-effect switch tube is turned off, and the pin VS of the lower driving chip is connected to GND, i.e., the negative electrode of the power supply. At the moment, the output level of the VS pin of the upper driving chip is the positive electrode of the power supply and is connected to the phase A of the motor, the output level of the VS pin of the lower driving chip is the negative electrode of the power supply and is connected to the phase B of the motor, and the rotating direction of the motor at the moment is determined as the positive rotation of the motor. When the pin PE8 is at a low level and the pin PE9 is at a high level, the lower bridge NMOS field effect switch tube in the upper circuit driving chip is turned on, the upper bridge NMOS field effect switch tube is turned off, and the pin VS of the upper circuit driving chip is connected to GND, namely the negative electrode of the power supply. When the pin PE11 is at low level and the pin PE10 is at high level, the upper bridge NMOS field effect switch tube in the lower driving chip is turned on, the lower bridge NMOS field effect switch tube is turned off, and the voltage output by the VS pin of the lower driving chip is equal to the voltage of the V + pin, namely the positive electrode of the power supply. At the moment, the output level of the VS pin of the lower driving chip is the positive pole of the power supply and is connected to the phase B of the motor, the output level of the VS pin of the upper driving chip is the negative pole of the power supply, and the rotation direction of the motor at the moment is determined as the motor reversal.

The rotating speed of the direct current motor 6 is in direct proportion to the voltage applied to two ends of the motor, and the rotating speed of the motor can be adjusted by adjusting the duty ratio of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) output by pins PE8, PE9, PE10 and PE11 of a main control chip STM32F103VET 6.

Specifically, when the upper bridge NMOS field-effect switch tube of the upper driver chip is turned on, the lower bridge NMOS field-effect switch tube of the lower driver chip UCC27282 is turned on, and the motor rotates forward, the PE8 and PE10 pins of the main control chip STM32F103VET6 chip should be set to have the same duty ratio. When the lower bridge NMOS field effect switching tube of the upper drive chip is switched on, the upper bridge NMOS field effect switching tube of the lower drive chip UCC27282 is switched on, and the motor is reversed, the pins PE9 and PE11 of the main control chip STM32F103VET6 are set to have the same duty ratio. The duty ratio is in direct proportion to the rotating speed of the motor, and the speed of the direct current motor 6 is regulated by setting different duty ratios in the control program.

Further, an IP + pin of the current detection circuit chip BSC067N06LS3, that is, the current sensor BSC067N06LS3, is connected to a VS pin of the on-line driver chip, an IP-pin of the current sensor BSC067N06LS3 is connected to the a phase of the dc motor 6, and a VOUT pin of the current sensor BSC067N06LS3 is connected to a PA3 pin of the main control chip STM32F103VET 6. The current sensor chip can realize the current detection of positive and negative two directions, can all carry out current detection when motor corotation and reversal, breaks down when the motor, and when the electric current was too big, can carry out the outage and protect the system.