阅读说明：本技术 一种大型海洋装备特种基础复合材料及其生产工艺 (Special foundation composite material for large-scale marine equipment and production process thereof ) 是由 何轸炎 于 2021-07-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种大型海洋装备特种基础复合材料及其生产工艺,大型海洋装备特种基础复合材料包括上下相对设置的两纤维预浸布和设置在两纤维预浸布之间的多层复合料层,纤维预浸布为碳纤维预浸布和/或玄武岩纤维预浸布；复合料层包括混合料和预埋在混合料中的网状结构,本发明通过材料的具体组成,使制得的用于海上基础结构的材料的拉伸强度≥800MPa、抗弯强度≥700MPa、抗压强度≥1100MPa、邵氏硬度≥90、密度≦2.3g/cm～(3),且耐腐蚀性能好,适合于制造海上装备。(Large seaThe special basic composite material for the large-scale marine equipment comprises two fiber prepreg cloths arranged oppositely up and down and a multi-layer composite material layer arranged between the two fiber prepreg cloths, wherein the fiber prepreg cloths are carbon fiber prepreg cloths and/or basalt fiber prepreg cloths; the composite material layer comprises a mixture and a net-shaped structure embedded in the mixture, and the material for the offshore foundation structure has the specific composition of the material, so that the tensile strength of the prepared material is more than or equal to 800MPa, the bending strength is more than or equal to 700MPa, the compressive strength is more than or equal to 1100MPa, the Shore hardness is more than or equal to 90, and the density is less than or equal to 2.3g/cm 3 And the corrosion resistance is good, and the method is suitable for manufacturing offshore equipment.)

1. A special basic composite material for large-scale marine equipment is characterized in that: the composite material comprises two fiber prepreg cloths arranged oppositely up and down and a multi-layer composite material layer arranged between the two fiber prepreg cloths, wherein the fiber prepreg cloths are carbon fiber prepreg cloths and/or basalt fiber prepreg cloths; the composite material layer comprises a mixture and a net structure embedded in the mixture, and the net structure is made of one or more of carbon fiber ropes, steel wire ropes and steel bars;

the mixture is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of carbon fiber, 13-18 parts of basalt fiber, 18-22 parts of quartz powder, 25-35 parts of mineral powder, 8-12 parts of epoxy resin, 2-4 parts of diluent, 1.5-2.5 parts of toughening agent and 4-6 parts of phenolic curing agent.

2. A large marine equipment specialty base composite according to claim 1 wherein: the thickness of the carbon fiber prepreg cloth or the basalt fiber prepreg cloth is 2-3mm, the thickness of the composite material layer is 2-3cm, the diameter of the carbon fiber rope is 10-15mm, the diameter of the steel wire rope is 10-15mm, and the diameter of the steel bar is 10-25 mm.

3. A large marine equipment specialty base composite according to claim 2 wherein: the thickness of the composite material is 5-8 cm.

4. A large marine equipment specialty base composite according to claim 1 wherein: the mineral powder is non-granular rock powder or basalt powder.

5. A large marine equipment specialty base composite according to claim 1 wherein: the net structure is made of carbon fiber ropes.

6. A large marine equipment specialty base composite according to claim 1 wherein: the net structure is formed by weaving carbon fiber ropes transversely and steel wire ropes or steel bars longitudinally in a crossed manner.

7. A large marine equipment specialty base composite according to claim 1 wherein: the toughening agent is glycidyl ether 209.

8. A large marine equipment specialty base composite according to claim 1 wherein: the diluent is glycidyl ether 501 or glycidyl ether 692.

9. A production process of a special basic composite material for large-scale marine equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

weighing, mixing and stirring raw materials of the mixture to prepare a mixture;

laying carbon fiber prepreg or basalt fiber prepreg in the die cavities of the upper die and the lower die of the die;

spreading and coating a mixture above the carbon fiber prepreg cloth or the basalt fiber prepreg cloth of the lower die, then embedding the net-shaped structure in the mixture, and repeating the step to spread and coat a plurality of composite material layers with the pre-embedded net-shaped structures on the carbon fiber prepreg cloth or the basalt fiber prepreg cloth of the lower die;

step four, closing the die, controlling the vacuum press to work, starting to vacuumize when the pressure reaches 50-70 tons/square meter, and continuously pressurizing to 100 tons/square meter;

step five, keeping the pressure of a press, heating to 50-60 ℃ from normal temperature, and keeping the temperature for 0.5-1 h; then heating to 60-80 deg.C, and keeping the temperature for 50-70 min; then continuously heating to 80-120 ℃, and preserving heat for 50-70 min; then continuously heating to 120 ℃ and 150 ℃, and preserving the heat for 1-2 h; and finally, naturally cooling to normal temperature to obtain the material for preparing the offshore foundation structure.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of marine or land large-scale infrastructures, particularly belongs to the field of marine foundation structures, and relates to a special foundation composite material for large-scale marine equipment and a production process thereof.

Background

The construction of oceans strengthens the country, improves the development capability of ocean resources, develops ocean economy, protects the ocean ecological environment and maintains the ocean rights and interests of China, and is an important development strategy of China. Ships and naval vessels are important guarantee for building the powerful states of the ocean. The traditional materials of ships and naval vessels are mainly steel materials, although the steel materials have the advantage of high strength, the steel materials have large weight and poor corrosion resistance, so that the ships and naval vessels have large weight, poor maneuverability, low carrying capacity and high maintenance cost. The aluminum alloy has the advantages of light weight, good forming processability, corrosion resistance and the like, and the aluminum alloy material is adopted to replace the existing steel material, so that the weight of the ship and the naval vessel can be obviously reduced, the maneuverability and the carrying capacity of the ship and the naval vessel are improved, and the maintenance cost is reduced. The 5000 series aluminum alloy belongs to non-heat-treatable strengthened medium-strength aluminum alloy and has good corrosion resistance and welding performance. However, the existing 5000 series aluminum alloys, such as 5005, 5052, 5083 and the like, have the advantages of excellent corrosion resistance and welding performance, but the strength is still low, the requirements for light weight development of ships and naval vessels cannot be met, the surfaces of the ships and the naval vessels need to be maintained regularly, the maintenance process is troublesome, the cost is high, and further improvement is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a special basic composite material for large-scale marine equipment with high strength and light weight, and also aims to provide a production process for preparing the material.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a special basic composite material for large-scale marine equipment comprises two fiber prepreg cloths arranged oppositely up and down and a multi-layer composite material layer arranged between the two fiber prepreg cloths, wherein the fiber prepreg cloths are carbon fiber prepreg cloths and/or basalt fiber prepreg cloths; the composite material layer comprises a mixture and a net structure embedded in the mixture, and the net structure is made of one or more of carbon fiber ropes, steel wire ropes and steel bars.

The mixture is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of carbon fiber, 13-18 parts of basalt fiber, 18-22 parts of quartz powder, 25-35 parts of mineral powder, 8-12 parts of epoxy resin, 2-4 parts of diluent, 1.5-2.5 parts of toughening agent and 4-6 parts of phenolic curing agent.

Further, the thickness of the carbon fiber prepreg cloth or the basalt fiber prepreg cloth is 2-3mm, the thickness of the composite material layer is 2-3cm, the diameter of the carbon fiber rope is 10-15mm, the diameter of the steel wire rope is 10-15mm, and the diameter of the steel bar is 10-25 mm.

Further, the thickness of the composite material is 5-8 cm.

Further, the mineral powder is non-granulous rock powder or basalt powder.

Further, the net structure is made of carbon fiber ropes.

Furthermore, the reticular structure is formed by weaving carbon fiber ropes transversely and steel wire ropes or steel bars longitudinally in a crossed manner.

Further, the toughening agent is glycidyl ether 209.

Further, the diluent is glycidyl ether 501 or glycidyl ether 692.

A production process of a special basic composite material for large-scale marine equipment comprises the following steps:

weighing, mixing and stirring raw materials of the mixture to prepare a mixture;

laying carbon fiber prepreg or basalt fiber prepreg in the die cavities of the upper die and the lower die of the die;

spreading and coating a mixture above the carbon fiber prepreg cloth or the basalt fiber prepreg cloth of the lower die, then embedding the net-shaped structure in the mixture, and repeating the step to spread and coat a plurality of composite material layers with the pre-embedded net-shaped structures on the carbon fiber prepreg cloth or the basalt fiber prepreg cloth of the lower die;

step four, closing the die, controlling the vacuum press to work, starting to vacuumize when the pressure reaches 50-70 tons/square meter, and continuously pressurizing to 100 tons/square meter;

step five, keeping the pressure of a press, heating to 50-60 ℃ from normal temperature, and keeping the temperature for 0.5-1 h; then heating to 60-80 deg.C, and keeping the temperature for 50-70 min; then continuously heating to 80-120 ℃, and preserving heat for 50-70 min; then continuously heating to 120 ℃ and 150 ℃, and preserving the heat for 1-2 h; and finally, naturally cooling to normal temperature to obtain the material for preparing the offshore foundation structure.

As can be seen from the above description of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: according to the invention, through the specific composition of the material, the prepared material for the offshore foundation structure has the tensile strength of more than or equal to 600MPa, the bending strength of more than or equal to 700MPa, the compressive strength of more than or equal to 1100MPa, the Shore hardness of more than or equal to 90 and the density of less than or equal to 2.3g/cm³The corrosion resistance is good, the method is suitable for manufacturing offshore equipment, the surface of the offshore equipment does not need to be regularly maintained, the later maintenance process of the offshore equipment is simplified, and the later maintenance cost is reduced; the transverse strength and the longitudinal strength of the surface of the prepared material are improved through the carbon fiber prepreg cloth or the basalt fiber prepreg cloth which is opposite up and down; carbon fibers and basalt fibers are limited to be used as main materials and are matched with quartz powder and mineral powder to prepare a mixed material, and the fibers in the mixed material are randomly distributed and criss-cross to ensure the strength of the composite material layer in all directions, so that the strength of the material is improved, the overall density of the material can be reduced, the weight of the material is reduced, and the carrying capacity of the finally prepared offshore equipment is improved; the quartz powder and the mineral powder are matched to be used as the filler of the composite material layer, so that the overall cost of the material is greatly reduced while the material can reach the limited strength; the embedded net-shaped structure is stably solidified with the mixture into a whole during solidification, so that the strength of the material is further improved, and the use requirement of offshore equipment is met; when the net-shaped structure comprises the carbon fiber ropes, the carbon fiber ropes can be soaked by epoxy resin in the mixture and are stably solidified with the mixture into a whole during solidification, so that the strength of the material is further improved;

by limiting the specific process of mould pressing, the composite material layer in the mould cavity and the adjacent carbon fiber prepreg or composite material layer can be completely cured, so that the strength of the prepared material is ensured, and the use requirement of offshore equipment is met.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite layer according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

1-fiber prepreg cloth, 2-composite material layer, 21-mixture and 22-reticular structure.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below by means of specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the special basic composite material for large-scale marine equipment comprises two fiber prepreg cloths 1 arranged oppositely up and down and a multi-layer composite material layer 2 arranged between the two fiber prepreg cloths 1, wherein the fiber prepreg cloths are carbon fiber prepreg cloths and/or basalt fiber prepreg cloths; the composite material layer 2 comprises a mixture 21 and a net-shaped structure 22 pre-embedded in the mixture 21, wherein the net-shaped structure 22 is made of one or more of a carbon fiber rope, a steel wire rope and a steel bar; the marine equipment comprises marine oil and gas resource development equipment, other marine resource development equipment and marine floating body structures, in particular to a marine ship, a large-scale marine culture platform, a large-scale marine economic platform and the like; the marine ship can be embodied as the composition of the structure, such as a buoy, a deck and the like, and the special composite material prepared by the method can be used for preparing the structure so as to meet the market development prospect of marine equipment; the prepared special composite material can also be used for preparing rails, large bridges or other large land infrastructures in land transportation.

The mixture is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of carbon fiber, 13-18 parts of basalt fiber, 18-22 parts of quartz powder, 25-35 parts of mineral powder, 8-12 parts of epoxy resin, 2-4 parts of diluent, 1.5-2.5 parts of toughening agent and 4-6 parts of phenolic curing agent, wherein the mineral powder is non-granular rock powder or basalt powder; the toughening agent is glycidyl ether 209; the diluent is glycidyl ether 501 or glycidyl ether 692, and specifically, glycidyl ether 209, glycidyl ether 501 and glycidyl ether 692 are all commercially available products.

Specifically, the thickness of the material is 5-8cm, the thickness of the carbon fiber prepreg cloth or the basalt fiber prepreg cloth is 2-3mm, the thickness of the composite material layer is 2-3cm, the diameter of the carbon fiber rope is 10-15mm, the diameter of the steel wire rope is 10-15mm, and the diameter of the steel bar is 10-25 mm.

A production process of a special basic composite material for large-scale marine equipment comprises the following steps:

weighing, mixing and stirring raw materials of the mixture to prepare a mixture;

laying carbon fiber prepreg or basalt fiber prepreg in the die cavities of the upper die and the lower die of the die;

spreading and coating a mixture above the carbon fiber prepreg cloth or the basalt fiber prepreg cloth of the lower die, then embedding the net-shaped structure in the mixture, and repeating the step to spread and coat a plurality of layers of the mixture layers with the net-shaped structures on the carbon fiber prepreg cloth or the basalt fiber prepreg cloth of the lower die;

step four, closing the die, controlling the vacuum press to work, starting to vacuumize when the pressure reaches 50-70 tons/square meter, and continuously pressurizing to 100 tons/square meter;

step five, keeping the pressure of a press, heating to 50-60 ℃ from normal temperature, and keeping the temperature for 0.5-1 h; then heating to 60-80 deg.C, and keeping the temperature for 50-70 min; then continuously heating to 80-120 ℃, and preserving heat for 50-70 min; then continuously heating to 120 ℃ and 150 ℃, and preserving the heat for 1-2 h; and finally, naturally cooling to normal temperature to obtain the material for preparing the offshore foundation structure.

Example 1

The utility model provides a large-scale marine installation special type basis combined material, includes two carbon fiber preimpregnation cloth 1 that relative up-down set up and sets up the multilayer composite bed 2 between two carbon fiber preimpregnation cloth, and composite bed 2 includes mixture 21 and pre-buried network structure 22 in mixture 21, and is concrete, and network structure 22 is made by the reinforcing bar.

The mixture is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of carbon fiber, 18 parts of basalt fiber, 18 parts of quartz powder, 35 parts of mineral powder, 12 parts of epoxy resin, 4 parts of diluent, 2.5 parts of toughening agent and 6 parts of phenolic aldehyde curing agent, wherein the mineral powder is non-granular rock powder; the toughening agent is glycidyl ether 209; the diluent is glycidyl ether 501.

Specifically, the thickness of the material is 5-8cm, the thickness of the carbon fiber prepreg cloth is 2-3mm, the thickness of the composite material layer is 2-3cm, and the diameter of the reinforcing steel bar is 10-25 mm.

A production process of a special basic composite material for large-scale marine equipment comprises the following steps:

weighing, mixing and stirring raw materials of the mixture to prepare a mixture;

laying carbon fiber prepreg in the die cavities of the upper die and the lower die of the die;

spreading and coating a mixture above the carbon fiber prepreg cloth of the lower die, then embedding the net-shaped structure in the mixture, and repeating the step to spread and coat a plurality of layers of composite material layers embedded with the net-shaped structure on the carbon fiber prepreg cloth of the lower die;

step four, closing the die, controlling the vacuum press to work, starting to vacuumize when the pressure reaches 50 tons/square meter, and continuously pressurizing to 100 tons/square meter;

step five, keeping the pressure of a press, heating to 50 ℃ from the normal temperature, and preserving heat for 1 h; then heating to 60 ℃, and preserving the heat for 70 min; then, continuously heating to 80 ℃, and preserving the heat for 70 min; then, continuously heating to 120 ℃, and preserving heat for 2 hours; and finally, naturally cooling to normal temperature to obtain the material for preparing the offshore foundation structure.

Example 2

The special basic composite material for the large-scale marine equipment comprises two basalt fiber prepreg cloths 1 which are arranged oppositely from top to bottom and a multi-layer composite material layer 2 arranged between the two basalt fiber prepreg cloths, wherein the composite material layer 2 comprises a mixture 21 and a net-shaped structure 22 which is pre-embedded in the mixture 21, and specifically, the net-shaped structure 22 is made of steel wire ropes.

The mixture is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of carbon fiber, 13 parts of basalt fiber, 22 parts of quartz powder, 25 parts of mineral powder, 8 parts of epoxy resin, 2 parts of diluent, 1.5 parts of toughening agent and 4 parts of phenolic aldehyde curing agent, wherein the mineral powder is basalt powder; the toughening agent is glycidyl ether 209; diluent glycidyl ether 501.

Specifically, the thickness of the material is 5-8cm, the thickness of the basalt fiber prepreg cloth is 2-3mm, and the diameter of the steel wire rope is 10-15 mm.

A production process of a special basic composite material for large-scale marine equipment comprises the following steps:

weighing, mixing and stirring raw materials of the mixture to prepare a mixture;

laying basalt fiber prepreg cloth in the die cavities of the upper die and the lower die of the die;

spreading and coating a mixture above the basalt fiber prepreg cloth of the lower die, then embedding the net structure in the mixture, and repeating the step to spread and coat a plurality of layers of composite material layers embedded with the net structure on the basalt fiber prepreg cloth of the lower die;

step four, closing the die, controlling the vacuum press to work, starting to vacuumize when the pressure reaches 70 tons/square meter, and continuously pressurizing to 100 tons/square meter;

step five, keeping the pressure of the press, heating to 60 ℃ from the normal temperature, and keeping the temperature for 0.5 h; then heating to 80 ℃, and preserving heat for 50 min; then, continuously heating to 120 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 50 min; then, continuously heating to 150 ℃, and preserving heat for 1 h; and finally, naturally cooling to normal temperature to obtain the material for preparing the offshore foundation structure.

Example 3

The utility model provides a large-scale marine installation special type basis combined material, includes two carbon fiber preimpregnation cloth 1 that relative up-down set up and sets up the multilayer composite bed 2 between two carbon fiber preimpregnation cloth, and composite bed 2 includes mixture 21 and pre-buried network structure 22 in mixture 21, and is concrete, and network structure 22 is made by the carbon fiber rope.

The mixture is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of carbon fiber, 15 parts of basalt fiber, 20 parts of quartz powder, 30 parts of mineral powder, 10 parts of epoxy resin, 3 parts of diluent, 2 parts of toughening agent and 5 parts of phenolic aldehyde curing agent, wherein the mineral powder is basalt powder; the toughening agent is glycidyl ether 209; the diluent is glycidyl ether 692.

Specifically, the thickness of the material is 5-8cm, the thickness of the carbon fiber prepreg is 2-3mm, the thickness of the composite material layer is 2-3cm, and the diameter of the carbon fiber rope is 10-15 mm.

A production process of a special basic composite material for large-scale marine equipment comprises the following steps:

weighing, mixing and stirring raw materials of the mixture to prepare a mixture;

laying carbon fiber prepreg in the die cavities of the upper die and the lower die of the die;

spreading and coating a mixture above the carbon fiber prepreg cloth of the lower die, then embedding the net-shaped structure in the mixture, and repeating the step to spread and coat a plurality of layers of composite material layers embedded with the net-shaped structure on the carbon fiber prepreg cloth of the lower die;

step four, closing the die, controlling the vacuum press to work, starting to vacuumize when the pressure reaches 60 tons/square meter, and continuously pressurizing to 100 tons/square meter;

step five, keeping the pressure of the press, heating to 55 ℃ from the normal temperature, and keeping the temperature for 0.8 h; then heating to 70 ℃, and preserving heat for 60 min; then, continuously heating to 100 ℃, and preserving heat for 60 min; then the temperature is continuously increased to 135 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 1.5 h; and finally, naturally cooling to normal temperature to obtain the material for preparing the offshore foundation structure.

Example 4

The utility model provides a large-scale marine installation special type basis combined material, includes relative carbon fiber preimpregnation cloth 1 and the basalt fiber preimpregnation cloth that sets up from top to bottom and sets up the multilayer complex bed of material 2 between two fiber preimpregnation cloth, and complex bed of material 2 includes mixture 21 and pre-buried network structure 22 in mixture 21, and is specific, and network structure uses the carbon fiber rope to be horizontal, uses wire rope to form as vertical alternately weaving.

The mixture is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of carbon fiber, 15 parts of basalt fiber, 20 parts of quartz powder, 30 parts of mineral powder, 10 parts of epoxy resin, 3 parts of diluent, 2 parts of toughening agent and 5 parts of phenolic aldehyde curing agent, wherein the mineral powder is basalt powder; flexibilizer glycidyl ether 209; the diluent is glycidyl ether 692.

Specifically, the thickness of the material is 5-8cm, the thicknesses of the carbon fiber prepreg cloth and the basalt fiber prepreg cloth are both 2-3mm, the thickness of the composite material layer is 2-3cm, the diameter of the carbon fiber rope is 10-15mm, and the diameter of the steel wire rope is 10-15 mm.

A production process of a special basic composite material for large-scale marine equipment comprises the following steps:

weighing, mixing and stirring raw materials of the mixture to prepare a mixture;

laying carbon fiber prepreg on an upper die of the die, and laying basalt fiber prepreg in a die cavity of a lower die;

spreading and coating a mixture above the basalt fiber prepreg cloth of the lower die, then embedding the net structure in the mixture, and repeating the step to spread and coat a plurality of layers of composite material layers embedded with the net structure on the basalt fiber prepreg cloth of the lower die;

step four, closing the die, controlling the vacuum press to work, starting to vacuumize when the pressure reaches 60 tons/square meter, and continuously pressurizing to 100 tons/square meter;

step five, keeping the pressure of the press, heating to 55 ℃ from the normal temperature, and keeping the temperature for 0.7 h; then heating to 70 ℃, and preserving heat for 60 min; then, continuously heating to 100 ℃, and preserving heat for 60 min; then the temperature is continuously increased to 135 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 1.5 h; and finally, naturally cooling to normal temperature to obtain the material for preparing the offshore foundation structure.

The materials prepared in the four examples are tested correspondingly with the aluminum alloy materials for ships in the prior art, and the following data are obtained:

TABLE 1 table of Performance parameters for the examples

Wherein, comparative example 1 is an aluminum alloy material used for preparing a ship in the prior art; comparative example 2 is a prior art carbon fiber composite.

As can be seen from the above tables, the material for the offshore foundation structure prepared by the present application has better tensile strength, bending strength, compressive strength and shore hardness than the composite material for the preparation of the ship in the prior art, and is suitable for manufacturing offshore equipment; and the overall density of the material is low, so that the weight of the material is reduced, and the carrying capacity of the finally manufactured offshore equipment is improved.

TABLE 2 Material Performance Retention for the examples

Through the table, the material for the offshore infrastructure prepared by the method has good weather resistance and water resistance compared with the materials in the prior art through corresponding test tests, so that the material has excellent corrosion resistance and is suitable for manufacturing offshore equipment.

According to the invention, through the specific composition of the material, the prepared material for the offshore foundation structure has the tensile strength of more than or equal to 400MPa, the bending strength of more than or equal to 210MPa, the compressive strength of more than or equal to 570MPa, the Shore hardness of more than or equal to 88.3 and the density of less than or equal to 2.1g/cm³The corrosion resistance is good, the marine equipment is suitable for manufacturing, the surface of the marine equipment does not need to be regularly maintained, the later maintenance process of the marine equipment is simplified, and the later maintenance cost is reduced.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents and modifications within the scope of the description.