Bionic chopping knife, straw chopping device and combine harvester
阅读说明：本技术 一种仿生切碎刀及秸秆切碎装置和联合收获机 (Bionic chopping knife, straw chopping device and combine harvester ) 是由 徐立章 陆锦 韩佃雷 柴晓玉 蔡其兵 赵红阳 于 2021-08-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明一种仿生切碎刀及秸秆切碎装置和联合收获机,仿生切碎刀的刀刃特征曲线为仿蝗虫口器左切齿和/或右切齿轮廓曲线；左切齿或右切齿包括一条或多条相同的仿生轮廓曲线,每条仿生轮廓曲线包括5段拟合的凸曲线,所述秸秆切碎装置包括所述仿生切碎刀,联合收获机秸秆切碎装置的仿生切碎刀包括仿生切碎动刀和仿生切碎定刀,参考蝗虫咀嚼食物的牙齿,通过高速旋转的动刀的和定刀的支撑作用切碎水稻、小麦、油菜等作物茎秆,仿生切碎刀及动定刀片刃口交错组合的切割方式可以有效减少切割秸秆的阻力,降低装置的功率消耗,解决目前秸秆切碎装置切碎质量不佳、功耗高的问题,本发明所述秸秆切碎装置可以配套于市场上多种类型的联合收获机械使用。(The invention relates to a bionic chopping knife, a straw chopping device and a combined harvester, wherein the characteristic curve of the cutting edge of the bionic chopping knife is the profile curve of left cutting teeth and/or right cutting teeth of a locust-simulated mouthpart; the left cutting tooth or the right cutting tooth comprises one or more same bionic contour curves, each bionic contour curve comprises 5 sections of fitted convex curves, the straw chopping device comprises the bionic chopping knife, the bionic chopping knife of the straw chopping device of the combined harvester comprises a bionic chopping movable knife and a bionic chopping fixed knife, the locust is referred to chew teeth of food, crop stalks such as rice, wheat, rape and the like are chopped through the supporting action of the movable knife and the fixed knife rotating at high speed, and the cutting mode of the bionic chopping knife and the cutting edge of the movable fixed knife in a staggered combination mode can effectively reduce the resistance of cutting straws, reduce the power consumption of the device and solve the problems of poor chopping quality and high power consumption of the conventional straw chopping device.)
1. A bionic chopping knife is characterized in that the characteristic curve of the cutting edge of the bionic chopping knife is a profile curve of a locust-simulated palate left cutting tooth and/or a locust-simulated right cutting tooth;
the right cutting tooth comprises one or more same bionic contour curves, each bionic contour curve comprises 5 sections of fitted convex curves, and a fitting equation with y as a vertical coordinate and x as a horizontal coordinate is expressed as follows:
the first curve satisfies: y 2.325 x 10-3x4-0.104x3+0.5733x2-0.1767x-5.129×10-3Wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 6;
the second curve satisfies: y is 1.775X 10-2x3-0.3623x2+0.9243x +0.1306, wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 3;
the third curve satisfies: y 9.218 x 10-3x4-0.1226×10-2x3+0.1878x2+1.399x +0.1168, wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 6;
the fourth curve satisfies: y is-0.0115 x5+0.1985x4-1.143x3+2.34x2-0.8964x +0.7477, wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5;
the fifth curve satisfies: y 2.01 × 10-3x4-3.578×10-2x3+9.198×10-2x2+0.6101x-3.072×10-2Wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 8;
the left cutting tooth comprises one or more same bionic contour curves, each bionic contour curve comprises 5 sections of fitted convex curves, and a fitting equation with y as a vertical coordinate and x as a horizontal coordinate is expressed as follows:
the first curve satisfies: y is 0.2617x3-1.564x2+2.41x+4.764×10-3Wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 3;
the second curve satisfies: y 1.657 x 10-2x5-0.2283x4+1.177x3-2.83x2+2.944x +0.2293, wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5;
the third curve satisfies: y is 1.568 x 10-2x5-0.1955x4+0.8693x3-1.73x2+1.533x +0.4956, wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5;
the fourth curve satisfies: y-8.063 x 10-2x4+0.6782x3-1.903x2+1.911x +0.3612, wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 4;
the fifth curve satisfies: y-7.002 x 10-4x5+1.883×10-2x4-0.168x3+0.5143x2-0.1218x +0.3272, wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 11.
2. A cutting device comprising the biomimetic chopper of claim 1.
3. An agricultural implement comprising the cutting device of claim 2.
4. A combine straw chopping device, characterized by comprising the bionic chopping knife of claim 1, wherein the bionic chopping knife comprises a bionic chopping movable knife (4) and a bionic chopping fixed knife (1);
the bionic chopping moving knife (4) is respectively connected with the moving knife wheel hubs (5) which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction on the moving knife roll shaft (6), the bionic chopping fixed knife (1) is connected with the fixed knife bottom plate (3), and the bionic chopping moving knife (4) passes through the space between the adjacent bionic chopping fixed knives (1) in the rotation process.
5. The straw chopping device of the combined harvester according to claim 4, wherein the characteristic curve of the cutting edge of the bionic chopping moving knife (4) is a locust-simulated right-cutting gear profile curve or a locust-simulated left-cutting gear profile curve, and the characteristic curve of the cutting edge of the bionic chopping stationary knife (1) is a locust-simulated left-cutting gear profile curve or a locust-simulated right-cutting gear profile curve.
6. The straw chopping device of the combine harvester according to claim 5, wherein when the bionic chopping fixed knife (1) and the bionic chopping movable knife (4) are set, each bionic contour curve of the outermost cutting edge of the bionic chopping fixed knife (1) extends from a fifth curve to a first curve along the cutting edge, and each bionic contour curve of the outermost cutting edge of the bionic chopping movable knife (4) extends from the first curve to a fifth curve along the cutting edge.
7. The straw chopper of the combine harvester according to claim 5, wherein the bionic contour curves of the bionic chopping fixed knife (1) and the bionic chopping movable knife (4) are the same in horizontal length.
8. The combine straw chopper of claim 5, wherein the first curve peak of the right-hand cutting profile curve is located at a trough between the first curve and the second curve of the left-hand cutting profile curve, the second curve peak of the right-hand cutting profile curve is located at a trough of the second curve and the third curve of the left-hand cutting profile curve, the third curve peak of the right-hand cutting profile curve is located at a trough of the third curve and the fourth curve of the left-hand cutting profile curve, and the fourth curve peak of the right-hand cutting profile curve is located at a trough of the fourth curve and the fifth curve of the left-hand cutting profile curve.
9. A combine harvester comprising the combine harvester straw chopper of claim 4.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural engineering bionics, and particularly relates to a bionic shredding knife, a straw shredding device and a combine harvester.
Background
Crop straws belong to important biomass energy resources of an agricultural ecosystem, a large amount of straws generated by crops far exceed the requirements of traditional agriculture along with the development of domestic agricultural machinery in recent years, a straw chopping device matched with crop harvesting mainly based on a combine harvester has the problems of low chopping quality, high power consumption and the like, and domestic related researches on the engineering application of optimal design of chopping knives of the straw chopping device are few.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a bionic chopping knife, a straw chopping device and a combined harvester, wherein the characteristic curve of the cutting edge of the bionic chopping knife is the profile curve of left cutting teeth and/or right cutting teeth of a locust-simulated mouthpart; the left cutting tooth or the right cutting tooth comprises one or more same bionic contour curves, and each bionic contour curve comprises 5 sections of fitted convex curves; the straw chopping device comprises the bionic chopping knife; referring to teeth of locust chewing food, the bionic chopping knife of the straw chopping device of the combined harvester comprises a bionic chopping movable knife and a bionic chopping fixed knife, crop stalks such as rice, wheat, rape and the like are chopped through the supporting action of the movable knife and the fixed knife which rotate at a high speed, and the cutting mode of the bionic chopping knife and the cutting edge of the movable and fixed knife blades in a staggered combination mode can effectively reduce the resistance of cutting straws, reduce the power consumption of the device, and solve the problems of poor chopping quality and high power consumption of the conventional straw chopping device.
Eastern Asian locusts, commonly known as locust or locust, for domestic common agricultural pest, distribute in Huang Huai Hai plain and coastal area mostly, use multiple gramineous plants such as wheat, rice, maize as the food, adult period appetite is very big, accounts for more than three fourths of a lifetime total food intake, and this biological chewing mouthpart is extremely flourishing, has good cutting performance, wherein the jawbone of mouthpart mainly is used for cutting off plant stem leaf, promptly before food gets into the mouthpart, the jawbone of right tooth and left tooth uses head mouthpart as axle center outwards to expand again to the inboard shrink of tooth closed cutting off plant fiber. The bionic shredding knife and the combined cutting mode which can be matched with a straw shredding device of a combined harvesting machine are provided by utilizing a bionic technology, combining actual working conditions and a biological habitat, taking the upper jaw cutting teeth of the locust as a bionic prototype, taking the outline curve of the cutting teeth of the locust as the basis of the structural design of a knife edge, and combining the movement mode that the cutting teeth mutually support and cut stem leaves in the same direction when the locust eats, so that the straw cutting quality and the grass chopping effect can be effectively improved, and the power consumption of machines and tools can be reduced.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a bionic chopping knife has a characteristic curve of a cutting edge of the bionic chopping knife, which is a profile curve of a locust-simulated upper jaw left cutting tooth and/or right cutting tooth;
the right cutting tooth comprises one or more same bionic contour curves, each bionic contour curve comprises 5 sections of fitted convex curves, and a fitting equation with y as a vertical coordinate and x as a horizontal coordinate is expressed as follows:
the first curve satisfies: y 2.325 x 10-3x4-0.104x3+0.5733x2-0.1767x-5.129×10-3Wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 6;
the second curve satisfies: y is 1.775X 10-2x3-0.3623x2+0.9243x +0.1306, wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 3;
the third curve satisfies: y 9.218 x 10-3x4-0.1226×10-2x3+0.1878x2+1.399x +0.1168, wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 6;
the fourth curve satisfies: y is-0.0115 x5+0.1985x4-1.143x3+2.34x2-0.8964x +0.7477, wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5;
the fifth curve satisfies: y 2.01 × 10-3x4-3.578×10-2x3+9.198×10-2x2+0.6101x-3.072×10-2Wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 8;
the left cutting tooth comprises one or more same bionic contour curves, each bionic contour curve comprises 5 sections of fitted convex curves, and a fitting equation with y as a vertical coordinate and x as a horizontal coordinate is expressed as follows:
the first curve satisfies: y is 0.2617x3-1.564x2+2.41x+4.764×10-3Wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 3;
the second curve satisfies: y 1.657 x 10-2x5-0.2283x4+1.177x3-2.83x2+2.944x +0.2293, wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5;
the third curve satisfies: y is 1.568 x 10-2x5-0.1955x4+0.8693x3-1.73x2+1.533x +0.4956, wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5;
the fourth curve satisfies: y-8.063 x 10-2x4+0.6782x3-1.903x2+1.911x +0.3612, wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 4;
the fifth curve satisfies: y-7.002 x 10-4x5+1.883×10-2x4-0.168x3+0.5143x2-0.1218x +0.3272, wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 11.
The invention also provides a cutting device which comprises the bionic chopping knife.
The invention also provides an agricultural implement which comprises the cutting device.
The invention also provides a straw chopping device of the combine harvester, which comprises the bionic chopping knife, wherein the bionic chopping knife comprises a bionic chopping movable knife and a bionic chopping fixed knife; the bionic chopping moving knife is respectively connected with the moving knife hubs which are uniformly distributed on the moving knife roll shaft along the circumferential direction, the bionic chopping fixed knife is connected with the fixed knife bottom plate, and the bionic chopping moving knife passes through the space between the adjacent bionic chopping fixed knives in the rotation.
In the above scheme, the cutting edge characteristic curve of the bionic chopping moving knife is an locust-simulated right-cutting profile curve or a locust-simulated left-cutting profile curve, and the cutting edge characteristic curve of the bionic chopping fixed knife is an locust-simulated left-cutting profile curve or a locust-simulated right-cutting profile curve.
Furthermore, when the bionic chopping fixed knife and the bionic chopping movable knife are used for setting the knife, each bionic contour curve of the outermost edge of the bionic chopping fixed knife begins to extend from the fifth curve to the first curve along the edge of the cutting edge, and each bionic contour curve of the outermost edge of the bionic chopping movable knife begins to extend from the first curve to the fifth curve along the edge of the cutting edge.
Furthermore, the bionic contour curves of the bionic chopping fixed knife and the bionic chopping movable knife are the same in horizontal length.
Furthermore, the first curve crest of the right cutting gear profile curve is positioned at the trough between the first curve and the second curve of the left cutting gear profile curve, the second curve crest of the right cutting gear profile curve is positioned at the trough between the second curve and the third curve of the left cutting gear profile curve, the third curve of the right cutting gear profile curve crest is positioned at the trough between the third curve and the fourth curve of the left cutting gear profile curve, and the fourth curve of the right cutting gear profile curve crest is positioned at the trough between the fourth curve and the fifth curve of the left cutting gear profile curve, so that on one hand, the contact surface between the blade and the stem is increased, the cutting efficiency is improved, on the other hand, the crest of the right cutting gear profile curve is prevented from being in direct contact with the crest of the left cutting gear profile curve, and the abrasion between the bionic chopping moving blade and the bionic chopping fixed blade is reduced.
The invention also provides a combined harvester which comprises the straw chopping device of the combined harvester.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the traditional straw chopping device, the straw chopping device has the advantages that the bionic chopping movable knife and the bionic chopping fixed knife are mutually opposite to each other to cut the straws in a mode of mutually engaging the left teeth and the right teeth when the grasshopper is simulated to feed, and the combination mode of the movable knife and the fixed knife can improve the chopping quality of the straws. Due to the excellent stem leaf cutting characteristic of the locust teeth, the straw can be effectively cut, and the cutting edge curves of the movable cutter and the fixed cutter corresponding to different tooth-shaped structures of the locust left teeth and the locust right teeth are designed, so that the straw cutting resistance can be effectively reduced, and the power consumption of the straw cutting device can be reduced. In addition, the special tooth-shaped structure of the locust has a self-sharpening effect, so that the service life of the bionic chopping knife can be prolonged, and the special tooth-shaped structure of the locust has a certain wear-resistant effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the overall construction of the straw chopper of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the rear side of the shredding member of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is the profile curve of the right tooth of the locust-simulated and the front view of the bionic chopping moving blade.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is the contour curve of the locust-simulated left tooth and the front view of the bionic chopping knife.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged view at B in fig. 5.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the combined cutting of the bionic fixed chopping knife and the bionic movable chopping knife when the knives are set.
Fig. 8 is an enlarged view at C in fig. 7.
In the figure: 1-bionic cutting fixed knife; 2-chopping the front support plate; 3-fixing a cutter bottom plate; 4-bionic chopping moving blades; 5-moving the cutter hub; 6-moving knife roll shaft; 7-an outer side cover plate of the straw chopping device; 8-cutter shaft balance block; 9-chopping a rear baffle; 10-a handle; 11-cutting up the rear grass guide plate; 12-chopping the back supporting plate;
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Example 1
A bionic chopping knife has a characteristic curve of a cutting edge of the bionic chopping knife, which is a profile curve of a locust-simulated upper jaw left cutting tooth and/or right cutting tooth;
the right cutting tooth comprises one or more same bionic contour curves, each bionic contour curve comprises 5 sections of fitted convex curves, and a fitting equation with y as a vertical coordinate and x as a horizontal coordinate is expressed as follows:
the first curve satisfies: y 2.325 x 10-3x4-0.104x3+0.5733x2-0.1767x-5.129×10-3Wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 6;
the second curve satisfies: y is 1.775X 10-2x3-0.3623x2+0.9243x +0.1306, wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 3;
the third curve satisfies: y 9.218 x 10-3x4-0.1226×10-2x3+0.1878x2+1.399x +0.1168, wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 6;
the fourth curve satisfies: y is-0.0115 x5+0.1985x4-1.143x3+2.34x2-0.8964x +0.7477, wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5;
the fifth curve satisfies: y 2.01 × 10-3x4-3.578×10-2x3+9.198×10-2x2+0.6101x-3.072×10-2Wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 8;
the left cutting tooth comprises one or more same bionic contour curves, each bionic contour curve comprises 5 sections of fitted convex curves, and a fitting equation with y as a vertical coordinate and x as a horizontal coordinate is expressed as follows:
the first curve satisfies: y is 0.2617x3-1.564x2+2.41x+4.764×10-3Wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 3;
the second curve satisfies: y 1.657 x 10-2x5-0.2283x4+1.177x3-2.83x2+2.944x +0.2293, wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5;
the third curve satisfies: y is 1.568 x 10-2x5-0.1955x4+0.8693x3-1.73x2+1.533x +0.4956, wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5;
the fourth curve satisfies: y-8.063 x 10-2x4+0.6782x3-1.903x2+1.911x +0.3612, wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 4;
the fifth curve satisfies: y-7.002 x 10-4x5+1.883×10-2x4-0.168x3+0.5143x2-0.1218x +0.3272, wherein: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 11.
Example 2
A cutting device comprising the biomimetic mincing knife of embodiment 1, thereby
The beneficial effects of embodiment 1 are achieved, and are not described in detail herein.
Example 3
An agricultural implement comprising the cutting device of embodiment 2, thereby having the advantages of embodiment 2, and will not be described herein.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1, a straw chopping device of a combine harvester comprises a bionic chopping knife in the embodiment 1, wherein the bionic chopping knife comprises a bionic chopping movable knife and a bionic chopping fixed knife; the bionic chopping moving knife is respectively connected with the moving knife hubs which are uniformly distributed on the moving knife roll shaft along the circumferential direction, the bionic chopping fixed knife is connected with the fixed knife bottom plate, and the bionic chopping moving knife passes through the space between the adjacent bionic chopping fixed knives in the rotation.
According to the embodiment, preferably, four groups of moving blades are uniformly distributed on the moving blade roller shaft 6 along the circumferential direction, moving blade hubs 5 are spirally mounted at intervals of 90 degrees, the bionic chopping moving blades 4 are connected to the moving blade hubs 5 through bolts, and seven bionic chopping moving blades 4 are mounted on each group in the embodiment, so that twenty-eight bionic chopping moving blades are mounted in total. A group of (twenty-eight) bionic chopping fixed knives 1 are correspondingly arranged and matched with the bionic chopping movable knife 4 to cut straws, the bionic chopping fixed knives 1 are connected on a fixed knife bottom plate 3 through bolts and are connected with the same plane of a chopping front supporting plate 2, and the plane and the horizontal plane form a certain included angle, more specifically, 20-30 degrees. One end of the moving cutter roll shaft 6 is provided with a cutter shaft balance block 8, so that the vibration amplitude of the moving cutter chopping component under high-speed rotation is reduced. The outer side cover plate 7 of the straw chopping device is connected with two ends of the movable cutter roller shaft 6, and one end of the movable cutter roller shaft 6 is connected with a front-stage transmission device of the combine harvester through a belt pulley.
As shown in figure 2, a part of the chopped straws is discharged through a chopped supporting plate 12, and a part of the chopped straws is thrown onto a chopped straw guide plate 9 by a movable cutter rotating at a high speed and then discharged through a chopped straw baffle plate 11.
The cutting edge characteristic curve of the bionic chopping movable cutter is an locust-simulated right-cutting profile curve or a locust-simulated left-cutting profile curve, and the cutting edge characteristic curve of the bionic chopping fixed cutter is an locust-simulated left-cutting profile curve or a locust-simulated right-cutting profile curve. According to the preferred of this embodiment, the cutting edge characteristic curve of bionical comminution moving knife is imitative locust right side cutting profile curve, the cutting edge characteristic curve of bionical comminution stationary knife is imitative locust left side cutting profile curve.
According to the embodiment, the cutting edge of the bionic chopping moving blade 4 shown in fig. 3 and 4 has an locust-simulated right cutting tooth profile, and the cutting edge of the bionic chopping fixed blade 1 has a locust-simulated left cutting tooth profile as shown in fig. 5 and 6; three groups of bionic contours are designed according to the length of the cutting edge of the cutter, the angle of the cutting edge of the cutter is about 25 degrees, the cutting edge is quenched, 65 manganese steel is preferably selected as a blade material, and the abrasion-resistant and impact-resistant characteristics of the cutter are more suitable for complex working conditions in the straw chopping device.
According to the preferred embodiment, when the bionic chopping fixed knife and the bionic chopping movable knife are used for setting the knife, each bionic contour curve of the outermost edge of the bionic chopping fixed knife starts to extend from the fifth curve to the first curve along the edge of the cutting edge, and each bionic contour curve of the outermost edge of the bionic chopping movable knife starts to extend from the first curve to the fifth curve along the edge of the cutting edge.
According to the present embodiment, preferably, the bionic contour curves of the bionic chopping fixed knife and the bionic chopping movable knife are the same in horizontal length.
According to the embodiment, preferably, the first curve peak of the right-hand cutting gear profile curve is located at the trough between the first curve and the second curve of the left-hand cutting gear profile curve, the second curve peak of the right-hand cutting gear profile curve is located at the trough between the second curve and the third curve of the left-hand cutting gear profile curve, the third curve of the right-hand cutting gear profile curve peak is located at the trough between the third curve and the fourth curve of the left-hand cutting gear profile curve, and the fourth curve of the right-hand cutting gear profile curve peak is located at the trough between the fourth curve and the fifth curve of the left-hand cutting gear profile curve, so that on one hand, the contact surface between the blade and the stem is increased, the cutting efficiency is improved, on the other hand, the direct contact between the peak of the right-hand cutting gear profile curve and the peak of the left-hand cutting gear profile curve is prevented, and the abrasion between the bionic chopping moving blade and the bionic chopping fixed blade is reduced.
The lengths of the cutting teeth of each section on the bionic chopping moving knife 4 and the bionic chopping fixed knife 1 are basically the same. The left tooth and the right tooth move oppositely at the same side when the organism eats, and the movable knife and the fixed knife are oppositely arranged at different sides when the straw is cut, so the bionic contour curve is also designed oppositely.
When the bionic chopping moving knife 4 and the bionic chopping fixed knife 1 shown in fig. 7 and 8 are used for knife setting, the lengths of the cutting edges of each section of the two knives are the same or similar, and the convex curves of the two cutting edges are cut at the intersection notch of the two convex curves of the knife setting in a staggered manner to ensure excellent resistance reducing effect and cutting quality.
When the impurities enter the straw chopping device, a cutting motion without fixed knife support is completed when a group of bionic chopping moving knives 4 rotate at a high speed to contact the impurities, and after the bionic chopping moving knives 4 and most of the impurities simultaneously pass through the bionic chopping fixed knife group fixed on the rack, the cutting motion with fixed knife support is completed. Except for the matching cutting modes of different tooth shapes of the movable cutter and the fixed cutter, the cutting mode of the movable cutter and the fixed cutter which are similar to the bionic right tooth or the cutting mode of the movable cutter and the fixed cutter which are similar to the bionic left tooth can be designed, or the cutting mode can be applied to the cutting edges of other agricultural chopping cutters.
The working principle and the process of the straw chopping device of the combine harvester are as follows:
the bionic chopping moving knife 4 is connected to the moving knife wheel hub 5 through a fastener, the moving knife wheel hubs 5 are uniformly distributed on the moving knife roll shaft 6 and are perpendicular to the axis of the knife roll, and the bionic chopping fixed knife 1 is connected to the fixed knife bottom plate 3 through a fastener. The bionic chopping moving knife 4 is circumferentially arranged along the moving knife roll shaft 6 and is oppositely arranged with the bionic chopping fixed knife 1, a certain distance is reserved between the two knife positions, the bionic chopping fixed knife 1 is perpendicular to the fixed knife bottom plate 3 and forms a certain inclination angle with the horizontal plane, the moving knife and the fixed knife are ensured to be mutually overlapped to cut straws, and the contact range of the blades for cutting the straws is enlarged. The chopping front support plate 2 and the fixed knife bottom plate 3 are connected and placed at the front end of a chopping component of the device, and straws falling on the support plate and the fixed knife base are assisted to enter the cutting range of the blades. The back backup pad 12 that cuts up is installed and is cut up the subassembly rear side and be connected with straw comminution device outside cover plate 7, and the inside blade of frame protection is separated from the external environment, improves the cutting effect of straw and prolongs the life of blade. Crop stalks such as rice, wheat, rape and the like are chopped through the supporting action of the bionic chopping movable knife 4 and the bionic chopping fixed knife 1 which rotate at a high speed, and the cutting mode of the cutting edges of the bionic chopping movable knife 4 and the bionic chopping fixed knife 1 in a staggered combination mode can effectively reduce the resistance of cutting the stalks and reduce the power consumption of the device.
When the bionic fixed chopping knife works, the moving knife roll shaft 6 is driven by a motor to rotate at a high speed, and the bionic chopping moving knife 4 connected with the knife rest on the knife roll continuously passes through the bionic chopping fixed knife 1. When the straws enter the straw chopping device, the bionic chopping moving knife 4 rotating at a high speed beats and crushes the straws, when the straws contact the bionic chopping fixed knife 1 again, the bionic chopping moving knife 4 and the bionic chopping fixed knife 1 simultaneously perform mutual cutting motion to cut off the straws again, and the chopped straws are scattered to the field from the chopped supporting plate.
The mutual cutting mode of left and right incisor teeth when the cutting mode of bionical comminution stationary knife 1 and bionical comminution moving knife 4 is similar to the locust and feeds, the convex curve of this kind of right incisor part and the cutting mode of the notch intersection of two convex curves of left incisor tooth can increase the area of contact of cutting edge and the plant stem leaf that receives the cutting, and the cutting mode similar to double shear can reduce the cutting resistance, and multiunit cutting mode can effectual improvement cutting efficiency.
A mechanical physical property tester is used for carrying out a rape stem cutting test, and compared with a blade manufactured by a locust-simulated right cutting gear profile curve cutting edge and a locust-simulated left cutting gear profile curve cutting edge of the rape stem cutting test, the blade is identical to a common flat-edge blade and a common sawtooth blade, after a plurality of groups of tests are finished, as shown in table 1, the average cutting force of a locust-simulated right cutting blade is reduced by 16.4% compared with that of a sawtooth blade, the average cutting force of a locust-simulated left cutting blade is reduced by 16.7% compared with that of a sawtooth blade, the average cutting force of a locust-simulated right cutting blade is reduced by 10.2% compared with that of a flat blade, and the average cutting force of a locust-simulated left cutting blade is reduced by 10.5% compared with that of a sawtooth blade. The bionic blade is smaller than average cutting force of a common flat knife and a common serrated knife, the cutting stem can be more labor-saving on the whole, in addition, the stem can be effectively beaten by the larger instant cutting force, the chopping quality is better, and the service life of the cutter is shortened due to the fact that the blade is abraded.
TABLE 1 comparison of cutting forces when the blades of different edge types cut rape stalks
Example 5
A combine harvester comprising the combine harvester straw chopper of embodiment 4. Therefore, the beneficial effects of embodiment 1 are obtained, and the description is omitted here.
It should be understood that although the present description has been described in terms of various embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity purposes only, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein may be combined as suitable to form other embodiments, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.
The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.