阅读说明：本技术 一种回转体表面静压磨料流光整加工装置与加工方法 (Device and method for polishing and processing static-pressure abrasive flow on surface of revolving body ) 是由 董志国 曹桂新 李孟楠 张泽华 于 2021-09-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于表面光整技术领域,具体涉及一种回转体表面静压磨料流光整加工装置与加工方法。本发明包括箱体、用于向箱体供磨料的供料系统、回转装置和机架；所述供料系统与箱体通过进料管路和回料管路形成循环回路,使得箱体在等静压的压力场中通过流体磨料对形状的自适应性,对待加工回转体外表面进行无死角、高效的光整加工；所述箱体的底部可拆卸连接有回转装置,回转装置包括调速电机和转动轴,转动轴的端部伸入箱体内。本发明解决了现有回转体工件复杂表面光整加工过程中耗时、费力、效率低的缺点。(The invention belongs to the technical field of surface finishing, and particularly relates to a device and a method for finishing and processing static-pressure abrasive flow on the surface of a revolving body. The grinding device comprises a box body, a feeding system for supplying grinding materials to the box body, a rotating device and a rack; the feeding system and the box body form a circulating loop through a feeding pipeline and a return pipeline, so that the box body is adaptive to the shape through fluid abrasive in an isostatic pressure field, and the outer surface of the to-be-processed revolving body is subjected to dead-angle-free and efficient finishing processing; the bottom of box can be dismantled and be connected with slewer, slewer includes buncher and axis of rotation, and the tip of axis of rotation stretches into in the box. The invention solves the defects of time consumption, labor waste and low efficiency in the existing revolving body workpiece complex surface finishing process.)

1. The utility model provides a solid of revolution surface static pressure abrasive flow burnishing and processing device which characterized in that: comprises a box body (7), a feeding system (20) for supplying grinding materials to the box body (7), a rotary device and a frame;

the feeding system (20) and the box body (7) form a circulating loop through a feeding pipeline and a return pipeline, so that the box body (7) can be adaptive to the shape through fluid abrasive in an isostatic pressure field, and the outer surface of the revolving body (16) to be processed is subjected to high-efficiency finishing processing without dead angles;

the bottom of box (7) can be dismantled and be connected with slewer, slewer includes buncher (37) and axis of rotation (36), and the tip of axis of rotation (36) stretches into in box (7).

2. The revolving body surface static pressure abrasive flow finishing machining device of claim 1, characterized in that: one side of the box body (7) far away from the feeding system (20) is connected with an amplitude transformer (8), the amplitude transformer (8) extends into the box body (7), and the amplitude transformer (8) gives the abrasive material a pulse sample to vibrate so that the abrasive material impacts the surface of the workpiece.

3. The revolving body surface static pressure abrasive flow finishing machining device of claim 1, characterized in that: the feeding system (20) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (1) and a material cylinder (5), the material cylinder (5) is communicated above the hydraulic cylinder (1) through a pipeline, and a one-way valve (2) is arranged on the communicated pipeline;

and a first electromagnetic valve (3) is arranged on a feeding pipeline connected with the feeding system (20) and the box body (7), and a second electromagnetic valve (39) is arranged on a return pipeline.

4. The revolving body surface static pressure abrasive flow finishing machining device of claim 1, characterized in that: the end part of the amplitude transformer (8) positioned in the box body (7) is connected with a vibrating disk (10).

5. The revolving body surface static pressure abrasive flow finishing machining device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: a speed regulating motor (37) of the slewing device is connected with a rotating shaft (36) through a coupler (12), the rotating shaft (36) is rotatably connected with a box body (7) through a first tapered roller bearing (14), and the top end of the rotating shaft (36) is connected with a three-jaw chuck (15) used for clamping a to-be-machined slewing body (16).

6. The revolving body surface static pressure abrasive flow finishing machining device of claim 5, characterized in that: and a rubber end cover (18) is arranged at the end part of the revolving body (16) to be processed.

7. The revolving body surface static pressure abrasive flow finishing machining device of claim 6, characterized in that: the semi-automatic processing device is characterized in that a box body end cover (11) is arranged at the top of the box body (7), and a lifting device for opening and closing the box body end cover (11) is connected to the top of the box body end cover (11), so that the to-be-processed revolving body (16) is replaced semi-automatically.

8. The revolving body surface static pressure abrasive flow finishing machining device of claim 7, characterized in that: the lifting device comprises a motor (29), a connecting shaft (26) and a bracket (23);

the motor (29) is connected with a speed reducer (28), the speed reducer (28) is connected with a connecting shaft (26) through a coupler (27), the connecting shaft (26) is rotatably connected to the support (23) through a second tapered roller bearing (30), the bottom end of the connecting shaft (26) is connected with a ball screw (22), a rolling slider (35) is connected to the ball screw (22), and the rolling slider (35) is connected with the box body end cover (11).

9. The revolving body surface static pressure abrasive flow finishing machining device of claim 8, characterized in that: guide posts (24) are arranged on two sides of a bracket (23) of the lifting device;

the rolling sliding block (35) is connected with a guiding device (34), the guiding device (34) comprises a fixed block (31), a connecting rod (32) and a guide sleeve (33), the fixed block (31) is connected with the rolling sliding block (35), two sides of the fixed block (31) are respectively connected with the guide sleeve (33) through the connecting rod (32), and the guide sleeve (33) is sleeved on the guide post (24).

10. The method for processing the static pressure abrasive flow finishing device for the surface of the revolving body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: mounting a test piece; clamping a revolving body (16) to be processed through a three-jaw chuck (15), and sealing the periphery of the three-jaw chuck (15) by using a sealing ring (17);

step two: filling an abrasive material; the method comprises the following steps that abrasive materials are automatically pressed into a box body (7) from a hydraulic cylinder (1) through controlling the hydraulic cylinder (1), a material cylinder (5), a second electromagnetic valve (39), a pressure sensor (4), a first electromagnetic valve (3) and a one-way valve (2), and the fluid abrasive materials in the box body (7) are under a set static pressure;

step three: starting rotary machining, and carrying out efficient finishing machining on the outer surface of a to-be-machined revolving body (16) by the shape adaptability of the box body (7) through fluid abrasive in an isostatic pressure field without dead angles;

step four: performing isostatic pressing finishing, and performing micro cutting, plowing and sliding on abrasive particles contacted with the outer surface of the revolving body (16) to be processed by the fluid abrasive on the outer surface of the revolving body (16) to be processed, and processing the abrasive particles under the pressure for a set time;

step five: stopping processing, and collecting the grinding materials; after the machining time is up, the end cover (11) of the box body is lifted up through the motor (29), the ball screw (22) and the rolling slide block (35), abrasive materials are collected, and the workpiece is taken out.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of surface finishing in machining, and particularly relates to a device and a method for finishing static-pressure abrasive flow on the surface of a revolving body.

Background

The existing mechanical manufacturing technology has higher requirements, and the high-quality surface of a part needs to be finished under many conditions so as to meet the use performance of the part; for the surface of a revolving body with a regular shape, external grinding is generally used for surface processing; when the configuration of the rotary surface is complex, the grinding tool needs to be precisely ground to adapt to the surface shape of the workpiece, so that on one hand, the processing difficulty is increased, the cost is increased, on the other hand, the grinding tool meeting the requirement is difficult to obtain even more cost, and the finishing effect on the rotary surface with the complex configuration cannot be achieved. A new convenient and efficient precision finishing method is needed to solve the problem.

The viscoelastic fluid abrasive in abrasive flow processing is a semi-fluid soft substance, has certain fluidity and strong adaptability to the surface of a workpiece. The invention provides a method for polishing the surface of a workpiece, which comprises the steps of immersing the workpiece with a complex-configuration rotary surface in a viscoelastic fluid abrasive to enable the viscoelastic fluid abrasive to have certain pressure, rotating the workpiece around the surface rotary axis of the workpiece, enabling the fluid abrasive to slide on the surface of the workpiece, and polishing the surface of the workpiece conveniently and efficiently by controlling the pressure and the rotating speed of the workpiece.

In patent CN 112792722 a, abrasive stream polishing is a finishing method, which utilizes semi-solid fluid abrasive to repeatedly press the surface of a workpiece under high pressure, and removes microscopic unevenness on the surface of the workpiece by abrasive particle grinding, thereby improving the surface roughness of the workpiece. The method is difficult to perform surface precision finishing processing on the workpiece with a complex rotary surface and achieve the required processing effect.

The novel abrasive flow processing device that patent CN 204621784U provided is also based on the improvement of going on driven extrusion formula abrasive flow processing basis, can not realize the accurate finishing processing in surface to the workpiece of gyration surface.

The method of the invention is obviously different from the enumerated method, the workpiece is positioned in a static pressure flow field with equal pressure at any place by applying static pressure to the fluid abrasive, and the required wall surface sliding speed is achieved by controlling the rotating speed of the workpiece, so that the efficient and precise finishing processing is realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a device and a method for polishing and processing static-pressure abrasive flow on the surface of a revolving body.

The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a static pressure abrasive flow polishing processing device for the surface of a revolving body comprises a box body, a feeding system for supplying abrasive to the box body, a revolving device and a rack;

the feeding system and the box body form a circulating loop through a feeding pipeline and a return pipeline, so that the box body is adaptive to the shape through fluid abrasive in an isostatic pressure field, and the outer surface of the to-be-processed revolving body is subjected to dead-angle-free and efficient finishing processing;

the bottom of box can be dismantled and be connected with slewer, slewer includes buncher and axis of rotation, and the tip of axis of rotation stretches into in the box.

Furthermore, one side of the box body, which is far away from the feeding system, is connected with an amplitude transformer, the amplitude transformer extends into the box body, and the amplitude transformer provides pulse-like vibration for the abrasive, so that the abrasive impacts the surface of the workpiece.

Furthermore, the feeding system comprises a hydraulic cylinder and a material cylinder, the material cylinder is communicated above the hydraulic cylinder through a pipeline, and a one-way valve is arranged on the communicated pipeline; the feeding system is provided with a first electromagnetic valve on a feeding pipeline connected with the box body, and a second electromagnetic valve on a material return pipeline.

Furthermore, the end part of the amplitude transformer, which is positioned in the box body, is connected with a vibration disc.

Furthermore, the speed regulating motor of the rotating device is connected with the rotating shaft through a coupler, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the box body through a tapered roller bearing, and the top end of the rotating shaft is connected with a three-jaw chuck for clamping a to-be-processed rotating body.

Furthermore, the end part of the revolving body to be processed is provided with a rubber end cover.

Furthermore, the top of box is equipped with the box end cover, and the top of box end cover is connected with the hoisting device who realizes that the box end cover opens and shuts to treat to process the solid of revolution and carry out semi-automatic the change.

Further, the lifting device comprises a motor, a connecting shaft and a bracket;

the motor is connected with a speed reducer, the speed reducer is connected with a connecting shaft through a coupler, the connecting shaft is rotatably connected onto the support through a tapered roller bearing, the bottom end of the connecting shaft is connected with a ball screw, a rolling slide block is connected onto the ball screw, and the rolling slide block is connected with a box body end cover.

Furthermore, guide pillars are arranged on two sides of a bracket of the lifting device;

the rolling slide block is connected with a guiding device, the guiding device comprises a fixed block, a connecting rod and a guide sleeve, the fixed block is connected with the rolling slide block, two sides of the fixed block are respectively connected with the guide sleeve through the connecting rod, and the guide sleeve is sleeved on the guide pillar.

A static pressure abrasive flow finishing method for the surface of a revolving body comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: mounting a test piece; clamping a revolving body to be processed through a three-jaw chuck, and sealing the periphery of the three-jaw chuck by using a sealing ring;

step two: filling an abrasive material; the grinding material is automatically pressed into the box body from the hydraulic cylinder and the fluid grinding material in the box body is under the set static pressure by controlling the hydraulic cylinder, the material cylinder, the second electromagnetic valve, the pressure sensor, the first electromagnetic valve and the one-way valve;

step three: starting rotary machining, and performing efficient finishing machining on the outer surface of a to-be-machined revolving body through the shape adaptability of the box body in an isostatic pressure field through fluid abrasive materials without dead angles;

step four: performing isostatic pressing finishing, so that abrasive particles contacted with the outer surface of the revolving body to be processed by the fluid abrasive perform micro-cutting, plowing and sliding on the outer surface of the revolving body to be processed, and processing the abrasive particles to set time under the pressure;

step five: stopping processing, and collecting the grinding materials; after the processing time is up, the end cover of the box body is lifted up through the motor, the ball screw and the rolling slide block, the grinding materials are collected, and the workpiece is taken out.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the method is particularly suitable for the revolving body workpiece with the extremely complex outer surface shape, a special clamp is not required to be designed, the revolving body workpiece rotates around the axis of the revolving body workpiece in an isostatic pressure field, and dead-angle-free finishing processing of the revolving outer surface is realized by utilizing the adaptability of the fluid abrasive to the shape, so that the fast and efficient processing is realized, the processing effect is better, and the defects of time consumption, labor waste and low efficiency in the existing revolving body workpiece complex surface finishing processing process are overcome;

2. under the condition that the workpiece is in a uniform pressure field, the ultrasonic vibration composite energy field is applied to one side of the rotary workpiece through the amplitude transformer, so that the finishing processing effect and efficiency are further improved, and better workpiece surface roughness and higher finishing processing efficiency can be obtained;

3. this application adopts mechanical structure, simple structure, and the cost of manufacture is low, and the reliability is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating device according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the lifting device of the present invention;

in the figure: 1-a hydraulic cylinder, 2-a one-way valve, 3-a first electromagnetic valve, 4-a pressure sensor, 5-a material cylinder, 6-a hydraulic station, 7-a box body, 8-an amplitude transformer, 9-a screw, 10-a vibration disk, 11-a box body end cover, 12-a coupler, 13-a round nut, 14-a first conical roller bearing, 15-a three-jaw chuck, 16-a to-be-processed revolving body, 17-a sealing ring, 18-a rubber end cover, 19-a pin, 20-a feeding system, 21-a sealing felt ring, 22-a ball screw, 23-a bracket, 24-a guide column, 25-a nut, 26-a connecting shaft, 27-a coupler, 28-a speed reducer, 29-a motor, 30-a second conical roller bearing and 31-a fixed block, 32-connecting rod, 33-guide sleeve, 34-guiding device, 35-rolling slide block, 36-rotating shaft, 37-speed regulating motor, 38-key and 39-second electromagnetic valve.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.

It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change, or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a technical solution: a static pressure abrasive flow polishing processing device for the surface of a revolving body comprises a box body 7, a feeding system 20 for supplying abrasive to the box body 7, a revolving device and a rack;

the feeding system 20 and the box body 7 form a circulation loop through a feeding pipeline and a return pipeline, so that the box body 7 is adaptive to the shape through fluid abrasive in an isostatic pressure field, and the outer surface of the to-be-processed revolving body 16 is subjected to high-efficiency finishing processing without dead angles.

The bottom of the box body 7 is detachably connected with a rotating device, the rotating device comprises a speed regulating motor 37 and a rotating shaft 36, and the end part of the rotating shaft 36 extends into the box body 7.

One side of the box body 7, which is far away from the feeding system 20, is connected with an amplitude transformer 8, the amplitude transformer 8 extends into the box body 7, and the amplitude transformer 8 gives a pulse-like vibration to the abrasive, so that the abrasive impacts the surface of the workpiece; when the abrasive material is cut, the vibrating disk gives the abrasive material a pulse sample to vibrate, so that the abrasive material impacts the surface of the workpiece, the processing efficiency can be improved, and the processing effect of the surface can be improved.

The feeding system 20 comprises a hydraulic cylinder 1 and a material cylinder 5, the material cylinder 5 is communicated above the hydraulic cylinder 1 through a pipeline, and a one-way valve 2 is arranged on the communicated pipeline to ensure unidirectional flow of the abrasive;

the feeding system 20 is provided with a first electromagnetic valve 3 on a feeding pipeline connected with the box body 7, a second electromagnetic valve 39 is arranged on a return pipeline, the grinding materials are automatically pressed into the box body 7 from the hydraulic cylinder 1 through the first electromagnetic valve 3 and the one-way valve 2, and the grinding materials are automatically unloaded from the box body 7 through controlling the second electromagnetic valve 39.

The end part of the amplitude transformer 8, which is positioned in the box body 7, is connected with a vibration disk 10 for enlarging the vibration range and better cutting the processing abrasive material.

The box body 7 is provided with the pressure sensor 4, the pressure in the box body can be detected at any time by utilizing the pressure sensor 4, and dynamic pressure regulation is carried out to keep the abrasive cutting in the most added state.

A speed regulating motor 37 of the slewing device is connected with a rotating shaft 36 through a coupler 12, the coupler 12 and the rotating shaft 36 are fixed through a key 38 and a pin 19, the rotating shaft 36 is rotatably connected with a box body 7 through a first tapered roller bearing 14, the top end of the rotating shaft 36 is connected with a three-jaw chuck 15 used for clamping a to-be-machined slewing body 16, the periphery of the three-jaw chuck 15 is sealed by a sealing ring 17, and abrasive materials are prevented from entering and wearing the three-jaw chuck 15.

The end part of the to-be-processed revolving body 16 is provided with a rubber end cover 18 for sealing the top of the to-be-processed revolving body 16 and preventing the abrasive from flowing into the interior of the to-be-processed revolving body.

The top of box 7 is equipped with box end cover 11, and the top of box end cover 11 is connected with the hoisting device who realizes box end cover 11 and open and shut to treating to process the solid of revolution 16 and carrying out semi-automatic change, improve machining efficiency.

The lifting device comprises a motor 29, a connecting shaft 26 and a bracket 23;

the motor 29 is connected with the speed reducer 28, the speed reducer 28 is connected with the connecting shaft 26 through the coupler 27, the connecting shaft 26 is rotatably connected to the support 23 through the second tapered roller bearing 30, the second tapered roller bearing 30 is detachably connected to the support 23 through the nut 25, the bottom end of the connecting shaft 26 is connected with the ball screw 22, the ball screw 22 is connected with the rolling slide block 35, and the rolling slide block 35 is connected with the box body end cover 11.

Guide posts 24 are arranged on two sides of a bracket 23 of the lifting device;

the rolling slide block 35 is connected with a guiding device 34, the guiding device 34 comprises a fixed block 31, a connecting rod 32 and a guide sleeve 33, the fixed block 31 is connected with the rolling slide block 35, two sides of the fixed block 31 are respectively connected with the guide sleeve 33 through the connecting rod 32, and the guide sleeve 33 is sleeved on the guide post 24.

The hydraulic station 6 supplies hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic cylinder 1.

The amplitude transformer 8 and the vibration disk 10 are detachably connected through a screw 9, so that the vibration disk 10 is convenient to replace.

A static pressure abrasive flow finishing method for the surface of a revolving body comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: mounting a test piece; clamping a revolving body 16 to be processed through a three-jaw chuck 15, and sealing the periphery of the three-jaw chuck 15 by using a sealing ring 17;

step two: filling an abrasive material; the hydraulic cylinder 1, the material cylinder 5, the second electromagnetic valve 39, the pressure sensor 4, the first electromagnetic valve 3 and the one-way valve 2 are controlled to automatically press the abrasive into the box body 7 from the hydraulic cylinder 1 and enable the fluid abrasive in the box body 7 to be under the set static pressure;

step three: starting rotary machining, and carrying out efficient finishing machining on the outer surface of the revolving body 16 to be machined without dead angles through the shape adaptability of the box body 7 in an isostatic pressure field through fluid abrasive; in order to improve the processing efficiency, the ultrasonic vibration can be selected to be started, the amplitude transformer gives the grinding material a pulse sample vibration, so that the grinding material impacts the surface of the workpiece, the processing efficiency can be improved, and the processing effect of the surface can be improved;

step four: performing isostatic pressing finishing, so that abrasive particles contacted with the outer surface of the fluid abrasive to-be-processed revolving body 16 are subjected to micro-cutting, plowing and sliding on the outer surface of the to-be-processed revolving body 16, and processing is performed for a set time under the pressure;

step five: stopping processing, and collecting the grinding materials; after the machining time is up, the box body end cover 11 is lifted through the motor 29, the ball screw 22 and the rolling slide block 35, abrasive materials are collected, and the workpiece is taken out.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.