阅读说明：本技术 电池互联的匹配装置和电动车 (Matching device for battery interconnection and electric vehicle ) 是由 朱泽琳 刘宏根 于 2021-08-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了电池互联的匹配装置和电动车,包括：电机、控制器、第一接触器、第二接触器、驱动板、第一电池和第二电池；当整车静置或充电时,控制器不对驱动板发送控制信号,第一电池和第二电池并联；当整车骑行时,控制器检测电机的转速,根据电机的转速得到当前车速；将当前车速与预设车速进行比较,如果当前车速小于预设车速,则不对驱动板发送控制信号,第一接触器和第二接触器不动作,第一电池和第二电池并联,控制器两端的电池电压为U,容量为2C；如果当前车速大于预设车速,控制器通过驱动板控制第一接触器吸合后,再通过驱动板控制第二接触器吸合,第一电池和第二电池串联,控制器两端的电池电压为2U,容量为C。(The invention provides a matching device for interconnecting batteries and an electric vehicle, comprising: the device comprises a motor, a controller, a first contactor, a second contactor, a driving plate, a first battery and a second battery; when the whole vehicle is in standing or charging, the controller does not send a control signal to the driving plate, and the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel; when the whole vehicle rides, the controller detects the rotating speed of the motor and obtains the current vehicle speed according to the rotating speed of the motor; comparing the current vehicle speed with a preset vehicle speed, if the current vehicle speed is less than the preset vehicle speed, not sending a control signal to the drive plate, not actuating the first contactor and the second contactor, connecting the first battery and the second battery in parallel, wherein the voltage of the batteries at two ends of the controller is U, and the capacity of the battery is 2C; if the current vehicle speed is greater than the preset vehicle speed, the controller controls the first contactor to be attracted through the drive plate, then controls the second contactor to be attracted through the drive plate, the first battery and the second battery are connected in series, the voltage of the batteries at the two ends of the controller is 2U, and the capacity of the battery is C.)

1. The matching device for battery interconnection is characterized by comprising a motor, a controller, a first contactor, a second contactor, a driving plate, a first battery and a second battery, wherein the voltage of the first battery and the voltage of the second battery are both U, and the capacity of the first battery and the capacity of the second battery are both C;

the motor, the driving board, the first battery and the second battery are respectively connected with the controller, the first contactor and the second contactor are respectively connected with the first battery, the second battery and the driving board, the second battery is connected with the driving board, and the first contactor is connected with the second contactor;

when the whole vehicle is in standing or charging, the controller does not send a control signal to the driving plate, and the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel;

when the whole vehicle is ridden, the controller detects the rotating speed of the motor and obtains the current vehicle speed according to the rotating speed of the motor; comparing the current vehicle speed with a preset vehicle speed, if the current vehicle speed is less than the preset vehicle speed, not sending the control signal to the drive plate, not actuating the first contactor and the second contactor, connecting the first battery and the second battery in parallel, wherein the voltage of the battery at two ends of the controller is U, and the capacity is 2C;

if the current vehicle speed is greater than the preset vehicle speed, the controller controls the first contactor to be attracted through the drive board, then controls the second contactor to be attracted through the drive board, the first battery is connected with the second battery in series, the voltage of the batteries at two ends of the controller is 2U, and the capacity is C.

2. The matching device for interconnecting batteries according to claim 1, wherein the driving board is configured to receive a first control signal sent by the controller when the current vehicle speed is greater than the preset vehicle speed, control the first contactor to be closed according to the first control signal, and disconnect the first battery and the second battery;

when the first contactor is attracted, the first auxiliary contact of the first contactor is closed, and the first main contact and the second main contact are opened.

3. The matching device for battery interconnection according to claim 2, wherein the driving board is configured to receive a second control signal sent by the controller after the first contactor is closed, and control the second contactor to close according to the second control signal, and the first battery and the second battery are connected in series;

wherein when the second contactor is engaged, the second auxiliary contact and the third main contact are closed.

4. The device for matching battery interconnections according to claim 1, wherein when the whole vehicle is stationary or charged, the controller does not send a control signal to the driving board, the first auxiliary contact of the first contactor is opened, the first main contact and the second main contact are closed, and the second auxiliary contact and the third main contact of the second contactor are opened.

5. The device for matching battery interconnections of claim 1, further comprising an alarm;

when the whole vehicle is in standing or charging, the controller does not send a control signal to the driving board, the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel, and the alarm is powered through the first battery and the second battery.

6. The matching device for battery interconnection according to claim 1, wherein the driving board comprises an optical coupler and a MOS tube;

the driving board is used for converting a first voltage input by the controller into a second voltage;

wherein the first voltage is 5V, and the second voltage is 12V.

7. The matching device for interconnection of batteries according to claim 6, wherein said MOS transistor is an enhancement type P-channel MOS transistor.

8. The matching device for battery interconnection according to claim 1, further comprising a DC converter;

the DC converter is used for converting the battery voltage into a second voltage.

9. The matching device for battery interconnection according to claim 1, further comprising an auxiliary power supply circuit, wherein the auxiliary power supply circuit comprises one or more of a lamp, a meter and a horn.

10. An electric vehicle comprising a matching device for interconnecting the batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle control, in particular to a matching device for battery interconnection and an electric vehicle.

Background

At present, if the electric vehicle needs to accelerate to start strongly, large starting current is needed, so that large torque is generated, and the maximum discharge current allowed by the battery is influenced and limited by the discharge rate of the battery.

If the electric vehicle needs high speed, the voltage of the battery is required to be high, the rotating speed of the motor is increased through the high voltage, the discharging current of the battery is not large, and the required torque is not increased.

If the bicycle is driven to run at a high speed in order to realize strong starting acceleration, a high-voltage and large-capacity battery needs to be mounted to meet the requirements of starting power and high speed, but the size of the battery is too large, and the cost is too high.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a matching device for interconnecting batteries and an electric vehicle, which achieve low-voltage high-capacity at low speed and high-voltage low-capacity at high speed by matching a first battery and a second battery with each other, so as to meet current requirements of the electric vehicle at different speeds.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a matching device for battery interconnection, where the device includes a motor, a controller, a first contactor, a second contactor, a driving board, a first battery, and a second battery, where a voltage of the first battery and a voltage of the second battery are both U, and a capacity of the first battery and a capacity of the second battery are both C;

the motor, the driving board, the first battery and the second battery are respectively connected with the controller, the first contactor and the second contactor are respectively connected with the first battery, the second battery and the driving board, the second battery is connected with the driving board, and the first contactor is connected with the second contactor;

when the whole vehicle is in standing or charging, the controller does not send a control signal to the driving plate, and the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel;

when the whole vehicle is ridden, the controller detects the rotating speed of the motor and obtains the current vehicle speed according to the rotating speed of the motor; comparing the current vehicle speed with a preset vehicle speed, if the current vehicle speed is less than the preset vehicle speed, not sending the control signal to the drive plate, not actuating the first contactor and the second contactor, connecting the first battery and the second battery in parallel, wherein the voltage of the battery at two ends of the controller is U, and the capacity is 2C;

if the current vehicle speed is greater than the preset vehicle speed, the controller controls the first contactor to be attracted through the drive board, then controls the second contactor to be attracted through the drive board, the first battery is connected with the second battery in series, the voltage of the batteries at two ends of the controller is 2U, and the capacity is C.

Further, the drive board is configured to receive a first control signal sent by the controller when the current vehicle speed is greater than the preset vehicle speed, control the first contactor to be closed according to the first control signal, and disconnect the first battery and the second battery;

when the first contactor is attracted, the first auxiliary contact of the first contactor is closed, and the first main contact and the second main contact are opened.

Further, the drive board is configured to receive a second control signal sent by the controller after the first contactor is closed, and control the second contactor to close according to the second control signal, where the first battery and the second battery are connected in series;

wherein when the second contactor is engaged, the second auxiliary contact and the third main contact are closed.

Further, when the whole vehicle is in a standing state or is charged, the controller does not send a control signal to the drive board, the first auxiliary contact of the first contactor is disconnected, the first main contact and the second main contact of the first contactor are closed, and the second auxiliary contact and the third main contact of the second contactor are disconnected.

Furthermore, the device also comprises an alarm;

when the whole vehicle is in standing or charging, the controller does not send a control signal to the driving board, the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel, and the alarm is powered through the first battery and the second battery.

Further, the driving plate comprises an optical coupler and an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube;

the driving board is used for converting a first voltage input by the controller into a second voltage;

wherein the first voltage is 5V, and the second voltage is 12V.

Furthermore, the MOS tube is an enhancement type P-channel MOS tube.

Further, the device also comprises a DC converter;

the DC converter is used for converting the battery voltage into a second voltage.

Furthermore, the power supply system also comprises an auxiliary power supply loop, wherein the auxiliary power supply loop comprises one or more of a lamp, an instrument and a loudspeaker.

In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an electric vehicle including a matching device for battery interconnection as described above.

The embodiment of the invention provides a matching device for interconnecting batteries and an electric vehicle, comprising: the device comprises a motor, a controller, a first contactor, a second contactor, a driving plate, a first battery and a second battery, wherein the voltage of the first battery and the voltage of the second battery are both U, and the capacity of the first battery and the capacity of the second battery are both C; the motor, the driving board, the first battery and the second battery are respectively connected with the controller, the first contactor and the second contactor are respectively connected with the first battery, the second battery and the driving board, the second battery is connected with the driving board, and the first contactor is connected with the second contactor; when the whole vehicle is in standing or charging, the controller does not send a control signal to the driving plate, and the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel; when the whole vehicle rides, the controller detects the rotating speed of the motor and obtains the current vehicle speed according to the rotating speed of the motor; comparing the current vehicle speed with a preset vehicle speed, if the current vehicle speed is less than the preset vehicle speed, not sending a control signal to the drive plate, not actuating the first contactor and the second contactor, connecting the first battery and the second battery in parallel, wherein the voltage of the batteries at two ends of the controller is U, and the capacity of the battery is 2C; if the current vehicle speed is greater than the preset vehicle speed, the controller controls the first contactor to be actuated through the drive board, then controls the second contactor to be actuated through the drive board, the first battery and the second battery are connected in series, the voltage of the batteries at two ends of the controller is 2U, and the capacity is C; the first battery and the second battery are matched with each other, so that low-voltage high-capacity at low speed and high-voltage low-capacity at high speed are realized, and the current requirements of the electric vehicle at different speeds are met.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a matching apparatus for interconnecting batteries according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a matching device for interconnecting batteries according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving board according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is an electrical schematic diagram of an electric vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Icon:

1-a motor; 2-a controller; 3-a first contactor; 4-a second contactor; 5-a drive plate; 6-a first battery; 7-second battery.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

For the understanding of the present embodiment, the following detailed description will be given of the embodiment of the present invention.

The first embodiment is as follows:

fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a matching device for battery interconnection according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the device includes a motor 1, a controller 2, a first contactor 3, a second contactor 4, a driving board 5, a first battery 6 and a second battery 7, where a voltage of the first battery 6 and a voltage of the second battery 7 are both U, and a capacity of the first battery 6 and a capacity of the second battery 7 are both C;

the motor 1, the driving board 5, the first battery 6 and the second battery 7 are respectively connected with the controller 2, the first contactor 3 and the second contactor 4 are respectively connected with the first battery 6, the second battery 7 and the driving board 5, the second battery 7 is connected with the driving board 5, and the first contactor 3 is connected with the second contactor 4;

when the whole vehicle is in standing or charging, the controller 2 does not send a control signal to the driving plate 5, and the first battery 6 and the second battery 7 are connected in parallel;

when the whole vehicle is ridden, the controller 2 detects the rotating speed of the motor 1 and obtains the current vehicle speed according to the rotating speed of the motor 1; comparing the current vehicle speed with a preset vehicle speed, if the current vehicle speed is less than the preset vehicle speed, not sending a control signal to the drive plate 5, not actuating the first contactor 3 and the second contactor 4, connecting the first battery 6 and the second battery 7 in parallel, wherein the battery voltage at two ends of the controller 2 is U, and the capacity is 2C; at the moment, the discharging current of the battery is twice of that of the original single-group battery, and the controller 2 can obtain large current to enable the motor to generate large torque;

if the current vehicle speed is greater than the preset vehicle speed, the controller 2 controls the first contactor 3 to be attracted through the drive plate 5, then controls the second contactor 4 to be attracted through the drive plate 5, the first battery 6 and the second battery 7 are connected in series, the voltage of the batteries at two ends of the controller 2 is 2U, and the capacity is C; at this time, the battery voltage is twice of the original single battery group, and the controller 2 can obtain high voltage to enable the motor to operate at high rotating speed.

Further, referring to fig. 2, the drive board is configured to receive a first control signal sent by the controller when the current vehicle speed is greater than a preset vehicle speed, control the first contactor to be closed according to the first control signal, and disconnect the first battery and the second battery;

when the first contactor is attracted, the first auxiliary contact of the first contactor is closed, and the first main contact and the second main contact are opened.

Further, the drive board is used for receiving a second control signal sent by the controller after the first contactor is closed, controlling the second contactor to be closed according to the second control signal, and connecting the first battery and the second battery in series;

wherein when the second contactor is engaged, the second auxiliary contact and the third main contact are closed.

Further, when the whole vehicle is in standing or charging, the controller does not send a control signal to the drive plate, the first auxiliary contact of the first contactor is disconnected, the first main contact and the second main contact are closed, and the second auxiliary contact and the third main contact of the second contactor are disconnected.

Here, the first contactor KM1 includes a first auxiliary contact, a first main contact, and a second main contact, the first contactor KM1 may control the parallel connection or disconnection of the first battery and the second battery, and the negative terminal of the second contactor KM2 is powered.

The second contactor KM2 comprises a second auxiliary contact and a third main contact, and is used for controlling the first battery to be connected with the second battery in series after the first contactor KM1 is attracted, and ensuring that the first contactor KM1 is not disconnected under the condition that the second contactor KM2 is attracted.

The auxiliary power supply circuit also comprises a 12V battery for ensuring the stable voltage of the auxiliary power supply circuit and the driving plate.

Specifically, referring to table 1 for control drive:

serial number	d1	d2	Two sets of battery states
				1	0	0	In parallel
2	0	1	In parallel
				3	1	0	Disconnect
4	1	1	In series connection

As can be seen from table 1, only when d1 sends out the first control signal and d2 sends out the second control signal, the first battery and the second battery can be connected in series, and the series control signal is sent out, in principle, d1 should be sent out first and d2 should be sent out later, but if the two are sent out simultaneously or d2 is sent out first, the coil of the second contactor KM2 needs the first contactor KM1 to be attracted first and then connected to the negative electrode, so that the situations that the first contactor KM1 is attracted first and the second contactor KM2 is attracted later only exist, and the situations that the first contactor KM1 is not attracted and the second contactor KM2 is attracted to cause the short circuit of the battery are not generated.

When the second contactor KM2 is attracted, the coil anode of the first contactor KM1 is connected to a 12V power supply, so that the situations that the first contactor KM1 is not attracted and the second contactor KM2 is short-circuited in attraction due to power failure of the first contactor KM1 caused by circuit control in the series connection process of the batteries are prevented.

As can be seen from table 1, even if the output signals of the controller and the drive board are disturbed, the battery is not short-circuited. The matching device for battery interconnection has the advantages of low cost, small change and easy realization. The experience of powerful power and high-speed riding can be realized through the matching device of battery interconnection.

Furthermore, the device also comprises an alarm;

when the whole vehicle is in standing or charging, the controller does not send a control signal to the driving plate, the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel, and the alarm is powered by the first battery and the second battery. Wherein, the alarm is connected with components such as DC converter, second battery and controller.

Further, referring to fig. 3, the driving board includes an optical coupler and a MOS transistor;

the driving plate is used for converting a first voltage input by the controller into a second voltage;

the first voltage is 5V, and the second voltage is 12V.

Furthermore, the MOS tube is an enhanced P-channel MOS tube.

Specifically, the power is supplied by 5V in the controller, and the controller outputs 5V to U01 of the drive plate; when a diode in the optical coupler emits light, the pin 3 and the pin 4 are in short circuit, and at the moment, the MOS tube outputs 12V after being conducted.

Further, the device also comprises a DC converter;

a DC converter for converting the battery voltage to a second voltage. The DC converter is respectively connected with the alarm, the driving plate, the 12V battery, the second battery and the like.

Furthermore, the power supply system also comprises an auxiliary power supply loop, wherein the auxiliary power supply loop comprises one or more of a lamp, an instrument and a loudspeaker.

An electric vehicle comprising a matching device for interconnection of batteries as described above.

The embodiment of the invention provides a matching device for interconnecting batteries and an electric vehicle, comprising: the device comprises a motor, a controller, a first contactor, a second contactor, a driving plate, a first battery and a second battery, wherein the voltage of the first battery and the voltage of the second battery are both U, and the capacity of the first battery and the capacity of the second battery are both C; the motor, the driving board, the first battery and the second battery are respectively connected with the controller, the first contactor and the second contactor are respectively connected with the first battery, the second battery and the driving board, the second battery is connected with the driving board, and the first contactor is connected with the second contactor; when the whole vehicle is in standing or charging, the controller does not send a control signal to the driving plate, and the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel; when the whole vehicle rides, the controller detects the rotating speed of the motor and obtains the current vehicle speed according to the rotating speed of the motor; comparing the current vehicle speed with a preset vehicle speed, if the current vehicle speed is less than the preset vehicle speed, not sending a control signal to the drive plate, not actuating the first contactor and the second contactor, connecting the first battery and the second battery in parallel, wherein the voltage of the batteries at two ends of the controller is U, and the capacity of the battery is 2C; if the current vehicle speed is greater than the preset vehicle speed, the controller controls the first contactor to be actuated through the drive board, then controls the second contactor to be actuated through the drive board, the first battery and the second battery are connected in series, the voltage of the batteries at two ends of the controller is 2U, and the capacity is C; the first battery and the second battery are matched with each other, so that low-voltage high-capacity at low speed and high-voltage low-capacity at high speed are realized, and the current requirements of the electric vehicle at different speeds are met.

Example two:

fig. 4 is an electrical schematic diagram of an electric vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 4, the motor, the controller, the alarm, the DC converter, the brake crank, and the auxiliary power supply circuit are main components of the electric vehicle. Wherein, the controller can be a singlechip.

The motor is a component for driving the whole vehicle, the controller is a component for inverting the direct current of the battery into alternating current to drive the motor, the alarm is an anti-theft alarm device (comprising the functions of electrifying the ACC of the whole vehicle, acquiring a wheel movement signal of the controller, sending a motor locking instruction to the controller, giving a vibration/wheel movement alarm in a defense setting state and the like), and the DC converter is a component for converting the voltage of the battery into 12V.

The controller receives the signal of the rotating brake handle and is used for driving the motor. The brake crank signal is a signal generated by the combined action of the brake crank and the crank. Wherein, the brake lever includes left brake lever and right brake lever, and the electric motor car can be for lightly rubbing.

The computer program product provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes a computer-readable storage medium storing a program code, where instructions included in the program code may be used to execute the method described in the foregoing method embodiment, and specific implementation may refer to the method embodiment, which is not described herein again.

It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the system and the apparatus described above may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.

In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.