阅读说明：本技术 一种掘进巷道智能化瞬变电磁探测与实时预警方法 (Intelligent transient electromagnetic detection and real-time early warning method for excavation roadway ) 是由 王勃 黄兰英 李兴兴 吕宪状 王一帆 王刚 胡思源 陈泓云 曾林峰 李韵晨 于 2021-08-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种掘进巷道智能化瞬变电磁探测与实时预警方法,采用便捷式瞬变电磁探测设备在间歇期对当前的巷道迎头位置及两侧帮进行探测,并将探测数据传至地面的计算机；进而生成本次探测获得的视电阻率断面图；根据视电阻率值R的分布情况对视电阻率断面图进行危险区域划分；当掘进机再次进入间歇期,此时重复上述过程,得到本次探测的视电阻率断面图,将本次视电阻率断面图与上一次获得的视电阻率断面图进行合成分析,最终获得合成后的视电阻率断面图；如此重复多次,最后将每个间歇期获得的视电阻率断面图及其划分的每个区域的危险等级导入模型对应位置进行实时显示及更新；从而对巷道掘进过程中迎头前方异常地质构造进行实时预警。(The invention discloses an intelligent transient electromagnetic detection and real-time early warning method for a driving tunnel, which adopts portable transient electromagnetic detection equipment to detect the head position and two side walls of the current tunnel in an intermittent period and transmits detection data to a computer on the ground; further generating an apparent resistivity section diagram obtained by the current detection; according to the distribution condition of the apparent resistivity value R, carrying out dangerous area division on the apparent resistivity profile; when the heading machine enters the intermittent period again, repeating the processes to obtain the apparent resistivity section diagram of the current detection, and performing synthesis analysis on the apparent resistivity section diagram of the current detection and the apparent resistivity section diagram obtained last time to finally obtain a synthesized apparent resistivity section diagram; repeating the steps for multiple times, and finally importing the apparent resistivity section diagram obtained in each intermission period and the risk level of each divided area into the corresponding position of the model for real-time display and update; therefore, real-time early warning is carried out on the abnormal geological structure in the head-on front in the tunneling process of the roadway.)

1. An intelligent transient electromagnetic detection and real-time early warning method for a driving roadway is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a tunneling machine is formed by alternately and circularly tunneling periods and intermittent periods in the tunneling process of a roadway, a tunneling worker takes down portable transient electromagnetic detection equipment placed on the tunneling machine during each intermittent period, then the front side of a coil of the portable transient electromagnetic detection equipment faces one side wall of the roadway, and the coil is fixed at the head-on position of the roadway after being unfolded;

step two, retreating the heading machine by a certain distance relative to the head to prevent the heading machine from generating serious interference on a detection result;

step three, opening the portable transient electromagnetic detection equipment to start to perform primary transient electromagnetic detection on the side wall of the front face of the coil, rotating the front face of the coil of the portable transient electromagnetic detection equipment by 15 degrees by taking the direction perpendicular to the top and bottom plates of the roadway as an axis, and then performing primary transient electromagnetic detection again, repeating the above steps, wherein the detection is performed once after the rotation of 15 degrees, until the front face of the coil rotates by 180 degrees, the front face of the coil passes through the head-on front of the roadway from the side wall of the roadway to the other side wall of the roadway, and the whole detection process is completed;

step four, the portable transient electromagnetic detection equipment transmits transient electromagnetic secondary induced electromotive force data obtained by each detection in the whole detection process to a computer on the ground for storage through an underground communication network;

step five, the computer automatically processes the detection data by calling software in the database and generates an image; the specific automatic processing process comprises data reading and format conversion, data processing and multi-channel extraction, apparent resistivity calculation and timely deep inversion, and finally correction to generate an apparent resistivity section diagram, and the apparent resistivity section diagram is stored in a database and displayed on a display screen of a computer; wherein the apparent resistivity calculation formula is as follows:

in the formula: k is a correction coefficient, and is determined according to the complexity of the detection field environment, and the value range is 1.0-1.5;

mu is magnetic conductivity;

n is the number of turns of the coil;

i is a supply current;

s is the equivalent area of the receiving coil;

S_fis the area of the transmit coil;

is induced electromotive force;

t is the observation time;

step six, according to the distribution condition of the apparent resistivity value R, carrying out dangerous area division on the apparent resistivity sectional diagram, and determining the dangerous grade of each area, namely I grade, II grade and III grade; the specific risk grade division standard of each region is as follows:

setting Rmax as the maximum apparent resistivity value in the apparent resistivity section diagram, and Rmin as the minimum apparent resistivity value in the apparent resistivity section diagram;

if R in the current region is less than or equal to 0.2(Rmax-Rmin) + Rmin, determining the region as a I level, namely a dangerous region;

if 0.2(Rmax-Rmin) + Rmin ≦ R ≦ 0.5(Rmax-Rmin) + Rmin in the current region, determining the region as a II-level, namely a suspicious region;

if R in the current region is more than or equal to 0.5(Rmax-Rmin) + Rmin, determining the region as a III grade, namely a safety region;

seventhly, after the detection analysis of the intermittent period is completed, the tunneling machine continues to enter the tunneling period for tunneling for 30-50 m, then enters the intermittent period again, the first step to the fifth step are repeated at the moment, the apparent resistivity section diagram of the current detection is obtained, grid position matching synthesis analysis is carried out on the apparent resistivity section diagram of the current detection and the apparent resistivity section diagram obtained at the last time, the average value of the resistance values of each corresponding area of the apparent resistivity section diagram of the current detection and the apparent resistivity section diagram of the last time is taken as the resistance value of each corresponding area after synthesis, and finally the synthesized apparent resistivity section diagram is obtained; repeating the step six on the synthesized apparent resistivity section diagram to divide dangerous areas and determining the danger level of each area; repeating the steps, performing transient electromagnetic detection on the tunneling head in each intermittent period, optimizing the resistance value of each region in the sectional diagram once every detection, and updating the danger level of each region; with the increase of the detection times, the danger level divided by each area is more credible, and the detection position of the actual danger area is more accurate;

and step eight, constructing an underground three-dimensional geographic information space model by using the GIS, and importing the apparent resistivity section diagram obtained in each intermittent period in the step seven and the danger grade of each divided region into the corresponding position of the model to be displayed and updated in real time, so that real-time early warning is carried out on the head-on front abnormal geological structure in the tunneling process of the single roadway according to the danger grade condition of each region.

2. The intelligent transient electromagnetic detection and real-time early warning method for the tunneling roadway according to claim 1, wherein if a plurality of roadways are tunneled simultaneously, the steps from one to eight are repeated for each roadway respectively, and the danger level conditions of each area in front of the tunneling head of each roadway are synthesized to carry out mutual comparative analysis, so that geological apparent resistivity information in a larger range can be obtained, a detection superposition area is larger, and finally the detection precision and real-time performance of abnormal geological structures in front of the tunneling head of each roadway are ensured.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a mine geophysical detection method, in particular to an intelligent transient electromagnetic detection and real-time early warning method for a driving roadway.

Background

In the existing coal mine in use, in order to ensure the safe tunneling of the tunnel and prevent the occurrence of water damage accidents, the advanced detection work in front of the tunneling head of the tunnel must be done. The mine transient electromagnetic method has the advantages of sensitivity to low-resistance body reaction and portability and high efficiency of the multi-turn small loop device, and is widely applied to the advanced detection process of coal mine tunneling.

For the existing transient electromagnetic advanced detection technology, transient electromagnetic advanced detection requires a geophysical prospecting person to carry equipment to enter a head to carry out detection, data are transmitted to the ground after each detection is finished, and then manual data processing is carried out on the ground. For the head-on in the process of tunneling, as the roadway is continuously tunneled, geophysical prospecting personnel need to repeatedly enter the field, time and labor are consumed, and the tunneling efficiency is seriously influenced. Moreover, each detection explains the range of nearly one hundred meters, and the detection results of multiple times lack joint contrast analysis, so that the relevance of the detection results of different times is poor. Moreover, the interpretation and analysis result cannot be fed back to the site in real time, and finally the guidance on the work in the roadway tunneling direction is not strong in the actual work. Therefore, how to provide a method can enable the detection result to be fed back to the field in real time, and each detection can be compared and optimized and updated, so that the real-time performance and accuracy of the detection are finally effectively guaranteed, and the method is a research direction in the industry.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an intelligent transient electromagnetic detection and real-time early warning method for a driving tunnel, which can feed the detection result back to the site in real time, and can compare and optimally update each detection, thereby finally effectively ensuring the real-time performance and the accuracy of the detection.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an intelligent transient electromagnetic detection and real-time early warning method for a driving tunnel comprises the following specific steps:

the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a tunneling machine is formed by alternately and circularly tunneling periods and intermittent periods in the tunneling process of a roadway, a tunneling worker takes down portable transient electromagnetic detection equipment placed on the tunneling machine during each intermittent period, then the front side of a coil of the portable transient electromagnetic detection equipment faces one side wall of the roadway, and the coil is fixed at the head-on position of the roadway after being unfolded;

step two, retreating the heading machine by a certain distance relative to the head to prevent the heading machine from generating serious interference on a detection result;

step three, opening the portable transient electromagnetic detection equipment to start to perform primary transient electromagnetic detection on the side wall of the front face of the coil, rotating the front face of the coil of the portable transient electromagnetic detection equipment by 15 degrees by taking the direction perpendicular to the top and bottom plates of the roadway as an axis, and then performing primary transient electromagnetic detection again, repeating the above steps, wherein the detection is performed once after the rotation of 15 degrees, until the front face of the coil rotates by 180 degrees, the front face of the coil passes through the head-on front of the roadway from the side wall of the roadway to the other side wall of the roadway, and the whole detection process is completed;

step four, the portable transient electromagnetic detection equipment transmits transient electromagnetic secondary induced electromotive force data obtained by each detection in the whole detection process to a computer on the ground for storage through an underground communication network;

step five, the computer automatically processes the detection data by calling software in the database and generates an image; the specific automatic processing process comprises data reading and format conversion, data processing and multi-channel extraction, apparent resistivity calculation and timely deep inversion, and finally correction to generate an apparent resistivity section diagram, and the apparent resistivity section diagram is stored in a database and displayed on a display screen of a computer; wherein the apparent resistivity calculation formula is as follows:

in the formula: k is a correction coefficient, and is determined according to the complexity of the detection field environment, and the value range is 1.0-1.5;

mu is magnetic conductivity;

n is the number of turns of the coil;

i is a supply current;

s is the equivalent area of the receiving coil;

S_fis the area of the transmit coil;

is induced electromotive force;

t is the observation time;

step six, according to the distribution condition of the apparent resistivity value R, carrying out dangerous area division on the apparent resistivity sectional diagram, and determining the dangerous grade of each area, namely I grade, II grade and III grade; the specific risk grade division standard of each region is as follows:

setting Rmax as the maximum apparent resistivity value in the apparent resistivity section diagram, and Rmin as the minimum apparent resistivity value in the apparent resistivity section diagram;

if R in the current region is less than or equal to 0.2(Rmax-Rmin) + Rmin, determining the region as a I level, namely a dangerous region;

if 0.2(Rmax-Rmin) + Rmin ≦ R ≦ 0.5(Rmax-Rmin) + Rmin in the current region, determining the region as a II-level, namely a suspicious region;

if R in the current region is more than or equal to 0.5(Rmax-Rmin) + Rmin, determining the region as a III grade, namely a safety region;

seventhly, after the detection analysis of the intermittent period is completed, the tunneling machine continues to enter the tunneling period for tunneling for 30-50 m, then enters the intermittent period again, the first step to the fifth step are repeated at the moment, the apparent resistivity section diagram of the current detection is obtained, grid position matching synthesis analysis is carried out on the apparent resistivity section diagram of the current detection and the apparent resistivity section diagram obtained at the last time, the average value of the resistance values of each corresponding area of the apparent resistivity section diagram of the current detection and the apparent resistivity section diagram of the last time is taken as the resistance value of each corresponding area after synthesis, and finally the synthesized apparent resistivity section diagram is obtained; repeating the step six on the synthesized apparent resistivity section diagram to divide dangerous areas and determining the danger level of each area; repeating the steps, performing transient electromagnetic detection on the tunneling head in each intermittent period, optimizing the resistance value of each region in the sectional diagram once every detection, and updating the danger level of each region; with the increase of the detection times, the danger level divided by each area is more credible, and the detection position of the actual danger area is more accurate;

and step eight, constructing an underground three-dimensional geographic information space model by using the GIS, and importing the apparent resistivity section diagram obtained in each intermittent period in the step seven and the danger grade of each divided region into the corresponding position of the model to be displayed and updated in real time, so that real-time early warning is carried out on the head-on front abnormal geological structure in the tunneling process of the single roadway according to the danger grade condition of each region.

Further, if the condition that a plurality of tunnels are tunneled simultaneously exists, the steps from one step to eight are repeated for each tunnel respectively, and the danger level conditions of each region in front of the tunneling head of each tunnel are synthesized to carry out mutual comparative analysis, so that geological apparent resistivity information in a larger range can be obtained, the detection overlapping region is larger, and the detection precision and the real-time performance of the abnormal geological structure in front of the tunneling head of each tunnel are finally ensured.

Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts portable transient electromagnetic detection equipment to detect the head-on position and two side walls of the current roadway by one-time rotation of 180 degrees in the intermittent period of roadway excavation; after the detection is finished, the transient electromagnetic secondary induced electromotive force data obtained by detection is transmitted to a computer on the ground through a communication network; the computer automatically processes the detection data by calling software in the database and generates an apparent resistivity profile obtained by the current detection; according to the distribution condition of the apparent resistivity value R, carrying out dangerous area division on the apparent resistivity profile according to a set division standard, and determining the danger level of each area; after the detection analysis of the intermittent period is completed, the heading machine enters the intermittent period again after entering the heading period, the process is repeated at the moment to obtain an apparent resistivity section diagram of the current detection, and the apparent resistivity section diagram of the current detection and the apparent resistivity section diagram obtained at the last time are subjected to synthesis analysis to finally obtain a synthesized apparent resistivity section diagram; repeating the steps, performing transient electromagnetic detection on the tunneling head in each intermittent period, optimizing the resistance value of each region in the sectional diagram once every detection, and updating the danger level of each region; with the increase of the detection times, the danger level divided by each area is more credible, and the detection position of the actual danger area is more accurate; finally, the computer utilizes the GIS to construct an underground three-dimensional geographic information space model, and introduces the apparent resistivity section diagram obtained in each intermission period and the danger level of each divided region into the corresponding position of the model for real-time display and update; therefore, real-time early warning is carried out on the head-on front abnormal geological structure in the single roadway tunneling process according to the danger level conditions of all the areas, and the real-time performance and the accuracy of detection are effectively guaranteed finally.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a layout diagram of the portable transient electromagnetic detection device in use according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of apparent resistivity after dividing a dangerous area in the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained below.

As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the following specific steps:

the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a tunneling machine is formed by alternately and circularly tunneling periods and intermittent periods in the tunneling process of a roadway, a tunneling worker takes down portable transient electromagnetic detection equipment placed on the tunneling machine during each intermittent period, then the front side of a coil of the portable transient electromagnetic detection equipment faces one side wall of the roadway, and the coil is fixed at the head-on position of the roadway after being unfolded;

step two, retreating the heading machine by a certain distance relative to the head to prevent the heading machine from generating serious interference on a detection result;

step three, opening the portable transient electromagnetic detection equipment to start to perform primary transient electromagnetic detection on the side wall of the front face of the coil, rotating the front face of the coil of the portable transient electromagnetic detection equipment by 15 degrees by taking the direction perpendicular to the top and bottom plates of the roadway as an axis, and then performing primary transient electromagnetic detection again, repeating the above steps, wherein the detection is performed once after the rotation of 15 degrees, until the front face of the coil rotates by 180 degrees, the front face of the coil passes through the head-on front of the roadway from the side wall of the roadway to the other side wall of the roadway, and the whole detection process is completed;

step four, the portable transient electromagnetic detection equipment transmits transient electromagnetic secondary induced electromotive force data obtained by each detection in the whole detection process to a computer on the ground for storage through an underground communication network;

step five, the computer automatically processes the detection data by calling software in the database and generates an image; the specific automatic processing process comprises data reading and format conversion, data processing and multi-channel extraction, apparent resistivity calculation and timely deep inversion, and finally correction to generate an apparent resistivity section diagram, and the apparent resistivity section diagram is stored in a database and displayed on a display screen of a computer; wherein the apparent resistivity calculation formula is as follows:

in the formula: k is a correction coefficient, and is determined according to the complexity of the detection field environment, and the value range is 1.0-1.5;

mu is magnetic conductivity;

n is the number of turns of the coil;

i is a supply current;

s is the equivalent area of the receiving coil;

S_fis the area of the transmit coil;

is induced electromotive force;

t is the observation time;

step six, according to the distribution condition of the apparent resistivity value R, carrying out dangerous area division on the apparent resistivity sectional diagram, and determining the dangerous grade of each area, namely I grade, II grade and III grade, as shown in figure 2; the specific risk grade division standard of each region is as follows:

setting Rmax as the maximum apparent resistivity value in the apparent resistivity section diagram, and Rmin as the minimum apparent resistivity value in the apparent resistivity section diagram;

if R in the current region is less than or equal to 0.2(Rmax-Rmin) + Rmin, determining the region as a I level, namely a dangerous region;

if 0.2(Rmax-Rmin) + Rmin ≦ R ≦ 0.5(Rmax-Rmin) + Rmin in the current region, determining the region as a II-level, namely a suspicious region;

if R in the current region is more than or equal to 0.5(Rmax-Rmin) + Rmin, determining the region as a III grade, namely a safety region;

seventhly, after the detection analysis of the intermittent period is completed, the tunneling machine continues to enter the tunneling period for tunneling for 30-50 m, then enters the intermittent period again, the first step to the fifth step are repeated at the moment, the apparent resistivity section diagram of the current detection is obtained, grid position matching synthesis analysis is carried out on the apparent resistivity section diagram of the current detection and the apparent resistivity section diagram obtained at the last time, the average value of the resistance values of each corresponding area of the apparent resistivity section diagram of the current detection and the apparent resistivity section diagram of the last time is taken as the resistance value of each corresponding area after synthesis, and finally the synthesized apparent resistivity section diagram is obtained; repeating the step six on the synthesized apparent resistivity section diagram to divide dangerous areas and determining the danger level of each area; repeating the steps, performing transient electromagnetic detection on the tunneling head in each intermittent period, optimizing the resistance value of each region in the sectional diagram once every detection, and updating the danger level of each region; with the increase of the detection times, the danger level divided by each area is more credible, and the detection position of the actual danger area is more accurate;

and step eight, constructing an underground three-dimensional geographic information space model by using the GIS, and importing the apparent resistivity section diagram obtained in each intermittent period in the step seven and the danger grade of each divided region into the corresponding position of the model to be displayed and updated in real time, so that real-time early warning is carried out on the head-on front abnormal geological structure in the tunneling process of the single roadway according to the danger grade condition of each region.

As an improvement of the invention, if the condition that a plurality of tunnels are tunneled towards the same or different directions simultaneously exists, the steps from one to eight are respectively repeated for each tunnel, and the danger level conditions of each region in front of the tunneling head of each tunnel are synthesized to carry out mutual comparative analysis, so that the geological apparent resistivity information in a larger range can be obtained, the detection superposition region is larger, and the detection precision and the real-time performance of the abnormal geological structure in front of the tunneling head of each tunnel are finally ensured.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.